CN113603206A - Supercritical water oxidation reactor device and method - Google Patents
Supercritical water oxidation reactor device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113603206A CN113603206A CN202111086457.5A CN202111086457A CN113603206A CN 113603206 A CN113603206 A CN 113603206A CN 202111086457 A CN202111086457 A CN 202111086457A CN 113603206 A CN113603206 A CN 113603206A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/042—Prevention of deposits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/04—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste liquors, e.g. sulfite liquors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/08—Corrosion inhibition
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Abstract
The invention provides a supercritical water oxidation reactor device and a supercritical water oxidation reactor method, wherein the device comprises a reactor outer shell, an evaporation wall shell, a spiral guide vane, a conical flow divider and a purified water outlet pipe; the reactor outer shell is of an axisymmetric structure and comprises a reactor outer shell main body part and a reactor outer shell end part; the evaporation wall shell is coaxially arranged in the main body part of the reactor outer shell, and a gap is formed between the main body part of the reactor outer shell and the evaporation wall shell; the surface of the evaporation wall shell is provided with evaporation wall small holes; an evaporated water inlet communicated with the gap is formed in the bottom of the side wall of the reactor shell; an evaporated water outlet communicated with the gap is formed in the top of the side wall of the reactor outer shell; the spiral guide vane is installed in the evaporation wall shell. The invention provides a supercritical water oxidation reactor device and a supercritical water oxidation reactor method, which can effectively avoid the problems of salting-out crystallization and acid corrosion of the inner wall of a reactor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wastewater and waste purification treatment, and particularly relates to a supercritical water oxidation reactor device and a supercritical water oxidation reactor method.
Background
The common phase states of water in nature are: solid, liquid, gaseous. When the temperature and pressure of Water are raised above the critical point (Tc 374.3 ℃, P22.1 MPa), the Water is in a new fluid state, i.e. Supercritical state, which is different from gas state, liquid state and solid state, and the Water in this state is called Supercritical Water (SCW).
The beginning of the Supercritical Water Oxidation (SCWO) technology began in the 80 th 20 th century. The technical principle of supercritical water oxidation is as follows: the technology for carrying out deep oxidation treatment on various organic wastes is realized by taking supercritical water as a reaction medium and carrying out homogeneous oxidation reaction. The technology completely oxidizes organic matters into clean water, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and other harmless micromolecular substances through oxidation, elements such as sulfur, phosphorus and the like are converted into high-valence salts, and heavy metals exist in a solid phase through oxidation reaction.
The supercritical water oxidation technology is a novel water pollution control method and has the characteristics of environmental protection, energy conservation, high efficiency and the like. Supercritical water has many special properties compared to ordinary state water: under the normal temperature state, liquid water is polar molecules and can dissolve ionic substances, and organic substances are difficult to dissolve in the liquid water; supercritical water is a nonpolar molecule and is a readily soluble organic substance, whereas inorganic salts are poorly soluble therein. In the supercritical state of water, all ionic substances are not dissolved in the water, and begin to crystallize out from the solution, the precipitate is agglomerated, and finally thick deposits are left on the wall surface of the reactor and in the supercritical fluid channel, and the accumulation of the precipitate hinders the operating efficiency of the reactor and causes certain damage to the structure of the reactor. Meanwhile, in the supercritical water oxidation process, elements such as sulfur, phosphorus, chlorine and the like can be oxidized into acidic substances, and serious corrosion is caused to the inner wall of the reactor.
Therefore, how to effectively solve the problems of salting-out crystallization and acid corrosion in the supercritical water oxidation process is a matter which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a supercritical water oxidation reactor device and a supercritical water oxidation reactor method, which can effectively solve the problems.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a supercritical water oxidation reactor device, comprising: the device comprises a reactor outer shell (12), an evaporation wall shell (13), a spiral guide vane (14), a conical flow divider (16) and a purified water outlet pipe (17);
the reactor outer shell (12) is of an axisymmetric structure and comprises a reactor outer shell main body part (12.1) and a reactor outer shell end part (12.2); the evaporation wall shell (13) is coaxially arranged inside the reactor outer shell main body part (12.1), and a gap (31) is formed between the reactor outer shell main body part (12.1) and the evaporation wall shell (13); an evaporation wall small hole (27) is formed in the surface of the evaporation wall shell (13); an evaporated water inlet (A1) communicated with the gap (31) is formed at the bottom of the side wall of the reactor outer shell (12); an evaporated water outlet (A2) communicated with the gap (31) is formed in the top of the side wall of the reactor outer shell (12); the spiral guide vane (14) is arranged in the evaporation wall shell (13);
a waste liquid inlet (D1) is formed in the center of the bottom of the main body part (12.1) of the outer shell of the reactor; an annular oxidant inlet (E1) is formed outside the waste liquid inlet (D1); a first flusher inlet (B1) is formed in one side of the oxidant inlet (E1), and a second flusher inlet (B2) is formed in the other side of the oxidant inlet (E1); wherein the first and second washer inlets (B1, B2) are disposed relatively obliquely;
the purified water outlet pipe (17) is arranged in the center of the end part (12.2) of the reactor outer shell; the surface of the purified water outlet pipe (17) is provided with a purified water small hole (21); the bottom of the purified water outlet pipe (17) extends to the interior of the main body part (12.1) of the outer shell of the reactor, and the conical flow divider (16) is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the purified water outlet pipe (17); wherein the conical head of the conical flow divider (16) faces downwards; the top of the purified water outlet pipe (17) forms a purified water outlet (F1); and a waste liquid outlet (C1) is formed outside the purified water outlet (F1).
Preferably, the position of the evaporation water inlet (A1) is provided with an evaporation water injector assembly (30); the position of the evaporated water outlet (A2) is provided with an evaporated water aspirator assembly (15).
Preferably, the first and second washer inlets (B1, B2) are located to mount a washer assembly (11).
Preferably, the purified water outlet (F1) of the purified water outlet pipe (17) is provided with a purified water suction assembly.
Preferably, the end head part (12.2) of the reactor outer shell is of a conical table structure with the diameter gradually reduced from bottom to top.
Preferably, the reactor outer shell body portion (12.1) and the evaporation wall shell (13) are both cylindrical in shape.
Preferably, an electric spark heating device is arranged inside the outer shell (12) of the reactor and is positioned right above the waste liquid inlet (D1).
The invention also provides a method for the supercritical water oxidation reactor device, which comprises the following steps:
simultaneously, the oxidant enters the central area of the inner axis of the outer shell (12) of the reactor through an oxidant inlet (E1);
simultaneously, a first stream of flushing water is obliquely injected into the interior of the outer shell (12) of the reactor from the bottom to the right through a first flusher inlet (B1); simultaneously, a second stream of flushing water is obliquely injected into the interior of the outer shell (12) of the reactor from the bottom to the left through a second flusher inlet (B2);
simultaneously, an evaporation water flow enters the interior of the outer shell (12) of the reactor from an evaporation water inlet (A1);
and 2, controlling the internal temperature and pressure of the supercritical water oxidation reactor device, wherein the temperature control method comprises the following steps: heating the electric spark heating device positioned in the central area of the inner axis of the outer shell (12) of the reactor to ensure that the central area of the inner axis of the outer shell (12) of the reactor reaches the temperature required by the supercritical water reaction condition; the pressure in the central area of the inner axis of the outer shell (12) of the reactor reaches the pressure required by the supercritical water reaction condition; wherein: because the temperature inside the reactor outer shell (12) is gradually reduced from the axial center to the inner wall of the reactor outer shell, supercritical water reaction conditions are formed only around the axial center area inside the reactor outer shell (12);
when supercritical water reaction conditions are formed around the central area of the inner axis of the outer shell (12) of the reactor, on one hand, waste liquid materials are combusted around the electric spark heating device under the action of an oxidant, so that a water-heating flame area (29) is formed around the electric spark heating device; on the other hand, a supercritical water oxidation reaction core area (28) is formed around the central area of the inner axis of the reactor outer shell (12), and the waste liquid material generates supercritical water oxidation reaction in the supercritical water oxidation reaction core area (28) under the action of an oxidant;
purifying the waste liquid after supercritical water oxidation reaction to obtain purified water; meanwhile, ionic salt in the waste liquid is continuously precipitated in a supercritical water oxidation reaction core area (28);
and 3, for the first scouring water flow and the second scouring water flow:
a first flushing water is obliquely injected into the interior of the outer shell (12) of the reactor from the bottom to the right through a first flusher inlet (B1); simultaneously, a second stream of flushing water is obliquely injected into the interior of the outer shell (12) of the reactor from the bottom to the left through a second flusher inlet (B2);
in the reactor outer shell (12), under the auxiliary action of the spiral guide vane (14) and the interaction of the first scouring water flow and the second scouring water flow, the first scouring water flow and the second scouring water flow form an ascending spiral flow (23), and the ascending spiral flow (23) is positioned outside a supercritical water oxidation reaction core area (28), is close to the inner wall of the evaporation wall shell (13), is a lowest temperature area, and forms a subcritical water area; a transcritical transition water area is formed in a transition area between the subcritical water area and the supercritical water oxidation reaction core area (28);
continuously injecting waste liquid, oxidant and scouring water flow into the reactor outer shell (12) to form a relatively stable supercritical water oxidation reaction core area (28), a subcritical water area and a transcritical transition water area; and, the precipitated ions (24) precipitated in the supercritical water oxidation reaction core region (28) flow to the transcritical transition water region and the subcritical water region, and are dissolved again in the subcritical water region;
an ascending spiral flow (23) formed by the flushing water flow has the function of isolating the evaporation wall shell (13);
step 4, for the evaporated water flow:
an evaporation water flow enters the interior of the outer shell (12) of the reactor from an evaporation water inlet (A1), the evaporation water having two flow directions: one flow direction is: the evaporated water flows transversely inwards through the evaporation wall shell (13) through the evaporation wall small holes (27); the other flow direction is: the evaporated water forms an upward flow (25) of the evaporated water from bottom to top, the evaporated water is transported from the bottom to the upper part, and the evaporated water is distributed between the outer shell (12) of the reactor and the shell (13) of the evaporation wall and flows out from an evaporated water outlet (A2);
therefore, supercritical water reaction conditions are maintained only around the central region of the inner axis of the reactor outer shell (12), away from the inner wall of the reactor outer shell (12), and evaporated water is continuously injected from the evaporation wall pores (27), thereby effectively preventing scaling and precipitation of salted-out crystals on the inner wall of the evaporation wall shell (13) and the inner wall of the reactor outer shell (12);
step 5, purified water after supercritical water oxidation reaction is generated moves through a conical flow divider (16), enters a purified water outlet pipe (17) through a purified water small hole (21), and is extracted from a purified water outlet;
wherein: by installing the conical shunt (16), the position of the conical shunt (16) generates abrupt change due to the geometric shape, and ion substances are prevented from being precipitated around the conical shunt (16);
the waste water which has not undergone the supercritical water oxidation reaction and the material which has not been extracted through the purified water outlet pipe (17) are extracted from the waste liquid outlet (C1).
The supercritical water oxidation reactor device and the supercritical water oxidation reactor method provided by the invention have the following advantages:
the invention provides a supercritical water oxidation reactor device and a supercritical water oxidation reactor method, which can effectively avoid the problems of salting-out crystallization and acid corrosion of the inner wall of a reactor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a supercritical water oxidation reactor apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a supercritical water oxidation reactor apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a supercritical water oxidation reactor apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a supercritical water oxidation reactor apparatus provided in accordance with the present invention;
wherein:
a1-evaporated water inlet, A2-evaporated water outlet, B1-first flusher inlet, B2-second flusher inlet, C1-waste liquid outlet, D1-waste liquid inlet, E1-oxidant inlet, and F1-purified water outlet;
11-flusher component, 12-reactor outer shell, 12.1-reactor outer shell main body part, 12.2-reactor outer shell end part, 13-evaporation wall shell, 14-spiral guide sheet, 15-evaporation water aspirator component, 16-conical flow divider, 17-purified water outlet pipe, 21-purified water pore, 22-treatment water flow, 23-ascending spiral flow, 24-precipitated ion, 25-evaporation water ascending flow, 26-evaporation water flow direction penetrating through the evaporation wall, 27-evaporation wall pore, 28-supercritical water oxidation reaction core area, 29-hydrothermal flame area, 30-evaporation water injector component and 31-gap.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a supercritical water oxidation reactor device,supercritical water oxidation technology mainly used for waste water and waste materials The treatment of the operation is carried out,can effectively avoid the problems of salting-out crystallization and acid corrosion of the inner wall of the reactor.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a supercritical water oxidation reactor apparatus comprising: a reactor outer shell 12, an evaporation wall shell 13, a spiral guide vane 14, a conical flow divider 16 and a purified water outlet pipe 17;
the reactor outer shell 12 is of an axisymmetric structure and comprises a reactor outer shell main body part 12.1 and a reactor outer shell end part 12.2; the evaporation wall shell 13 is coaxially arranged inside the main body part 12.1 of the reactor outer shell, and the evaporation wall shell 13 is also in an axisymmetric structure; a gap 31 is arranged between the reactor outer shell main body part 12.1 and the evaporation wall shell 13;
the surface of the evaporation wall shell 13 is provided with evaporation wall small holes 27; the evaporation wall apertures 27 are circumferentially arrayed in the evaporation wall housing 13.
An evaporated water inlet A1 communicated with the gap 31 is formed at the bottom of the side wall of the reactor outer shell 12; an evaporated water outlet A2 communicated with the gap 31 is formed at the top of the side wall of the reactor outer shell 12; the spiral guide 14 is installed inside the evaporation wall housing 13 and spirally rises from the bottom to the top. Wherein: the evaporated water outlet a2 and the evaporated water inlet a1 are oppositely arranged.
A waste liquid inlet D1 is formed in the center of the bottom of the main body part 12.1 of the outer shell of the reactor; an annular oxidant inlet E1 is formed outside the waste liquid inlet D1; a first flusher inlet B1 is formed in one side of the oxidant inlet E1, and a second flusher inlet B2 is formed in the other side of the oxidant inlet E1; wherein the first and second washer inlets B1 and B2 are disposed at an opposite inclination;
the purified water outlet pipe 17 is arranged in the center of the end part 12.2 of the reactor outer shell; the surface of the purified water outlet pipe 17 is provided with a purified water small hole 21; the small purified water holes 21 are circumferentially arrayed on the surface of the purified water outlet pipe 17; the bottom of the purified water outlet pipe 17 extends to the inside of the main body part 12.1 of the outer shell of the reactor, and the conical flow divider 16 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the purified water outlet pipe 17; wherein the conical head of the conical splitter 16 faces downward toward the bottom of the reactor; the flat bottom end of the conical flow divider 16 is fixedly connected with a purified water outlet pipe 17.
The top of the purified water outlet pipe 17 forms a purified water outlet F1; and a waste liquid outlet C1 is formed outside the purified water outlet F1.
As a specific example, the position of the evaporation water inlet a1 is provided with an evaporation water injector assembly 30; the evaporated water outlet a2 is provided with an evaporated water aspirator assembly 15.
As a specific example, the first and second washer inlets B1 and B2 are positioned to mount the washer assembly 11.
As a specific embodiment, a purified water suction assembly is installed at the position of the purified water outlet F1 of the purified water outlet pipe 17.
As a specific example, the reactor shell end part 12.2 is a conical table structure with a diameter gradually decreasing from bottom to top. The reactor outer shell body 12.1 and the evaporation wall shell 13 are both cylindrical in shape.
As a specific example, inside the reactor outer shell 12 and directly above the waste liquid inlet D1, an electric spark heating device is installed.
The invention also provides a method for the supercritical water oxidation reactor device, which comprises the following steps:
simultaneously, the oxidant enters the central region of the inner axis of the outer shell 12 of the reactor through an oxidant inlet E1;
meanwhile, a first stream of flushing water is obliquely injected into the interior of the outer shell 12 of the reactor from the bottom to the right through a first flusher inlet B1; meanwhile, a second stream of flushing water is injected into the interior of the outer shell 12 of the reactor from the bottom to the left obliquely through a second flusher inlet B2;
simultaneously, an evaporated water stream enters the interior of the reactor outer shell 12 from the evaporated water inlet a 1;
specifically, the waste liquid inlet D1 and the oxidant inlet E1 are both located at the bottom center of the outer shell 12 of the reactor; and the first scrubber inlet B1 and the second scrubber inlet B2 are located on either side of the waste inlet D1 and the oxidant inlet E1; since the interior of the outer reactor shell 12 is under a high pressure, the waste liquid material and the oxidizing agent are collected at a lower position in the axial center region of the interior of the outer reactor shell 12 in the initial state of being injected into the interior of the outer reactor shell 12 through the waste liquid inlet D1 and the oxidizing agent inlet E1. And the first stream of flushing water and the second stream of flushing water surround the exterior of the waste liquid material and the oxidant.
And 2, controlling the internal temperature and pressure of the supercritical water oxidation reactor device, wherein the temperature control method comprises the following steps: heating the electric spark heating device positioned in the central area of the inner axis of the outer shell 12 of the reactor to ensure that the central area of the inner axis of the outer shell 12 of the reactor reaches the temperature required by the supercritical water reaction condition; the pressure in the central area of the inner axis of the reactor outer shell 12 reaches the pressure required by the supercritical water reaction condition; wherein: the supercritical water reaction conditions are as follows: the temperature T is more than 374.3 ℃, and the pressure P is more than 22.1 MPa.
Wherein: because the temperature inside the reactor outer shell 12 is gradually reduced from the axial center to the inner wall of the reactor outer shell (because the temperature is gradually reduced from the axial center to the inner wall of the reactor outer shell because the electric spark heating device is arranged at the axial center and the inner wall of the reactor outer shell is farthest away from the axial center), the supercritical water reaction condition is formed only around the central area of the axial line inside the reactor outer shell 12;
when supercritical water reaction conditions are formed around the central area of the inner axis of the outer shell 12 of the reactor, on one hand, the waste liquid material is combusted around the electric spark heating device under the action of the oxidant, so that a water-heating flame area 29 is formed around the electric spark heating device; on the other hand, a supercritical water oxidation reaction core area 28 is formed around the central area of the inner axis of the reactor outer shell 12, and in the supercritical water oxidation reaction core area 28, under the action of an oxidant, the waste liquid material is subjected to a supercritical water oxidation reaction; referring to the drawings, it can be seen that the supercritical water oxidation reaction core area 28 includes a hydrothermal flame area 29;
purifying the waste liquid after supercritical water oxidation reaction to obtain purified water; meanwhile, ionic salt in the waste liquid is continuously precipitated in a supercritical water oxidation reaction core area 28;
and 3, for the first scouring water flow and the second scouring water flow:
a first stream of flushing water is injected into the interior of the outer shell 12 of the reactor obliquely from the bottom to the right through a first flusher inlet B1; meanwhile, a second stream of flushing water is injected into the interior of the outer shell 12 of the reactor from the bottom to the left obliquely through a second flusher inlet B2;
because the first scouring water flow and the second scouring water flow are formed in a relative crossing way, in addition, the first scouring water flow and the second scouring water flow form an ascending spiral flow 23 under the auxiliary action of the spiral guide vane 14 and the interaction of the first scouring water flow and the second scouring water flow inside the outer shell 12 of the reactor, and the ascending spiral flow 23 is positioned outside the core area 28 of the supercritical water oxidation reaction, is close to the inner wall of the evaporation wall shell 13 and is a lowest temperature area to form a subcritical water area;
specifically, the first strand of scouring water flow and the second strand of scouring water flow are ascending spiral flows, and experiments prove that the principle is as follows:
1) the first flusher inlet B1 and the second flusher inlet B2 are arranged obliquely with respect to each other and not at 90 ° to the internal plane of the reactor, so that the first stream of flushing water incident from the first flusher inlet B1 and the second stream of flushing water incident from the second flusher inlet B2 intersect each other and rise spirally and reciprocally inside the reactor;
2) the spiral guide vanes inside the evaporation wall may act to assist the incident water flow at the first and second flusher inlets B1 and B2 to exhibit a spiral upward tendency.
A transcritical transition water area is formed in a transition area between the subcritical water area and the supercritical water oxidation reaction core area 28; the subcritical water area and the transcritical transition water area are both distributed annularly.
Continuously injecting waste liquid, oxidant and scouring water flow into the reactor outer shell 12 to form a relatively stable supercritical water oxidation reaction core area 28, a subcritical water area and a transcritical transition water area; in addition, the precipitated ions 24 precipitated in the supercritical water oxidation reaction core region 28 flow to the transcritical transition water region and the subcritical water region, and are dissolved again in the subcritical water region;
it is emphasized that, due to the difference of pressure and temperature inside the reactor, a supercritical water oxidation reaction core area, a subcritical water area and a transcritical transition water area are formed, and the distribution of the three water areas is dynamic, gradual and is not fixed and constant.
The rising spiral flow 23 formed by the flushing water flow has the function of isolating the evaporation wall shell 13;
step 4, for the evaporated water flow:
a flow of evaporated water enters the interior of the reactor outer shell 12 from the evaporated water inlet a1, the evaporated water having two flow directions: one flow direction is: the evaporated water flows transversely inward through the evaporation wall housing 13 via the evaporation wall apertures 27 to the interior of the reactor; the other flow direction is: the evaporated water forms an upward flow 25 of the evaporated water from bottom to top, the evaporated water is transported from the bottom to the upper part, and the evaporated water is distributed between the outer shell 12 of the reactor and the shell 13 of the evaporation wall and flows out from an outlet A2 of the evaporated water;
the flow rate at the evaporated water outlet A2 is set to be smaller than the flow rate at the evaporated water inlet A1, so that the evaporated water can enter the interior of the reactor through the evaporation wall pores 27, and the waste liquid cannot reversely enter the space formed by the outer shell 12 of the reactor and the evaporation wall shell 13 of the reactor through the evaporation wall pores 27 to corrode the inner wall of the outer shell 12 of the reactor.
Therefore, the supercritical water reaction conditions are maintained only around the central region of the inner axis of the reactor outer shell 12, away from the inner wall of the reactor outer shell 12, and the evaporated water is continuously injected from the evaporation wall pores 27, thereby effectively preventing the scaling and precipitation of the salted-out crystals on the inner wall of the evaporation wall shell 13 and the inner wall of the reactor outer shell 12;
step 5, the purified water after the supercritical water oxidation reaction is generated moves through the conical flow divider 16, enters the purified water outlet pipe 17 through the purified water small holes 21 and is extracted from the purified water outlet;
wherein: by installing the conical splitter 16, the position of the conical splitter 16 generates abrupt change due to the geometric shape, and ion substances are prevented from being precipitated around the conical splitter 16;
the waste water that has not undergone the supercritical water oxidation reaction, and the material that has not come to be drawn out through the purified water outlet pipe 17, are drawn out from the waste liquid outlet C1. A connection may be established outside the reactor, connecting the waste liquid outlet C1 with the waste liquid inlet D1, so that a continuous abatement of the waste water may be achieved.
The supercritical water oxidation reactor device and the supercritical water oxidation reactor method provided by the invention have the following advantages:
the invention is skillfully designed in structure, two flushing water flows injected from the bottom of the reactor form spirally rising laminar flows, so that the supercritical water oxidation products can be isolated from being directly contacted with the inner wall of the outer shell of the reactor, and meanwhile, the supercritical water oxidation products can be effectively isolated from being contacted with the inner wall of the outer shell of the reactor and the inner wall of the outer shell of the reactor through evaporated water with small holes on the evaporation wall. The two measures are implemented, the problems of precipitation and blockage of salting-out crystals at the position of the inner wall of the reactor and acid corrosion of supercritical water oxidation products on the inner wall of the reactor existing in the conventional supercritical water oxidation reactor are effectively solved, and the problems of salting-out crystals and acid corrosion of the inner wall of the reactor are effectively avoided.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A supercritical water oxidation reactor apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a reactor outer shell (12), an evaporation wall shell (13), a spiral guide vane (14), a conical flow divider (16) and a purified water outlet pipe (17);
the reactor outer shell (12) is of an axisymmetric structure and comprises a reactor outer shell main body part (12.1) and a reactor outer shell end part (12.2); the evaporation wall shell (13) is coaxially arranged inside the reactor outer shell main body part (12.1), and a gap (31) is formed between the reactor outer shell main body part (12.1) and the evaporation wall shell (13); an evaporation wall small hole (27) is formed in the surface of the evaporation wall shell (13); an evaporated water inlet (A1) communicated with the gap (31) is formed at the bottom of the side wall of the reactor outer shell (12); an evaporated water outlet (A2) communicated with the gap (31) is formed in the top of the side wall of the reactor outer shell (12); the spiral guide vane (14) is arranged in the evaporation wall shell (13);
a waste liquid inlet (D1) is formed in the center of the bottom of the main body part (12.1) of the outer shell of the reactor; an annular oxidant inlet (E1) is formed outside the waste liquid inlet (D1); a first flusher inlet (B1) is formed in one side of the oxidant inlet (E1), and a second flusher inlet (B2) is formed in the other side of the oxidant inlet (E1); wherein the first and second washer inlets (B1, B2) are disposed relatively obliquely;
the purified water outlet pipe (17) is arranged in the center of the end part (12.2) of the reactor outer shell; the surface of the purified water outlet pipe (17) is provided with a purified water small hole (21); the bottom of the purified water outlet pipe (17) extends to the interior of the main body part (12.1) of the outer shell of the reactor, and the conical flow divider (16) is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the purified water outlet pipe (17); wherein the conical head of the conical flow divider (16) faces downwards; the top of the purified water outlet pipe (17) forms a purified water outlet (F1); and a waste liquid outlet (C1) is formed outside the purified water outlet (F1).
2. The supercritical water oxidation reactor apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the evaporated water inlet (a1) is position-mounted with an evaporated water injector assembly (30); the position of the evaporated water outlet (A2) is provided with an evaporated water aspirator assembly (15).
3. The supercritical water oxidation reactor apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that the first scrubber inlet (B1) and the second scrubber inlet (B2) are located with scrubber assemblies (11) installed.
4. The supercritical water oxidation reactor apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a purified water aspirator assembly is installed at a purified water outlet (F1) of the purified water outlet pipe (17).
5. The supercritical water oxidation reactor apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the reactor outer shell end part (12.2) is a conical table structure with a diameter gradually decreasing from bottom to top.
6. Supercritical water oxidation reactor apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the reactor outer shell body section (12.1) and the evaporation wall shell (13) are both cylindrical in shape.
7. Supercritical water oxidation reactor device according to claim 1, characterized in that inside the reactor outer shell (12) and directly above the waste liquid inlet (D1), an electric spark heating device is installed.
8. A method of supercritical water oxidation reactor apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-7, comprising the steps of:
step 1, enabling waste liquid materials to enter the central area of an inner axis of a reactor outer shell (12) through a waste liquid inlet (D1);
simultaneously, the oxidant enters the central area of the inner axis of the outer shell (12) of the reactor through an oxidant inlet (E1);
simultaneously, a first stream of flushing water is obliquely injected into the interior of the outer shell (12) of the reactor from the bottom to the right through a first flusher inlet (B1); simultaneously, a second stream of flushing water is obliquely injected into the interior of the outer shell (12) of the reactor from the bottom to the left through a second flusher inlet (B2);
simultaneously, an evaporation water flow enters the interior of the outer shell (12) of the reactor from an evaporation water inlet (A1);
and 2, controlling the internal temperature and pressure of the supercritical water oxidation reactor device, wherein the temperature control method comprises the following steps: heating the electric spark heating device positioned in the central area of the inner axis of the outer shell (12) of the reactor to ensure that the central area of the inner axis of the outer shell (12) of the reactor reaches the temperature required by the supercritical water reaction condition; the pressure in the central area of the inner axis of the outer shell (12) of the reactor reaches the pressure required by the supercritical water reaction condition; wherein: because the temperature inside the reactor outer shell (12) is gradually reduced from the axial center to the inner wall of the reactor outer shell, supercritical water reaction conditions are formed only around the axial center area inside the reactor outer shell (12);
when supercritical water reaction conditions are formed around the central area of the inner axis of the outer shell (12) of the reactor, on one hand, waste liquid materials are combusted around the electric spark heating device under the action of an oxidant, so that a water-heating flame area (29) is formed around the electric spark heating device; on the other hand, a supercritical water oxidation reaction core area (28) is formed around the central area of the inner axis of the reactor outer shell (12), and the waste liquid material generates supercritical water oxidation reaction in the supercritical water oxidation reaction core area (28) under the action of an oxidant;
purifying the waste liquid after supercritical water oxidation reaction to obtain purified water; meanwhile, ionic salt in the waste liquid is continuously precipitated in a supercritical water oxidation reaction core area (28);
and 3, for the first scouring water flow and the second scouring water flow:
a first flushing water is obliquely injected into the interior of the outer shell (12) of the reactor from the bottom to the right through a first flusher inlet (B1); simultaneously, a second stream of flushing water is obliquely injected into the interior of the outer shell (12) of the reactor from the bottom to the left through a second flusher inlet (B2);
in the reactor outer shell (12), under the auxiliary action of the spiral guide vane (14) and the interaction of the first scouring water flow and the second scouring water flow, the first scouring water flow and the second scouring water flow form an ascending spiral flow (23), and the ascending spiral flow (23) is positioned outside a supercritical water oxidation reaction core area (28), is close to the inner wall of the evaporation wall shell (13), is a lowest temperature area, and forms a subcritical water area; a transcritical transition water area is formed in a transition area between the subcritical water area and the supercritical water oxidation reaction core area (28);
continuously injecting waste liquid, oxidant and scouring water flow into the reactor outer shell (12) to form a relatively stable supercritical water oxidation reaction core area (28), a subcritical water area and a transcritical transition water area; and, the precipitated ions (24) precipitated in the supercritical water oxidation reaction core region (28) flow to the transcritical transition water region and the subcritical water region, and are dissolved again in the subcritical water region;
an ascending spiral flow (23) formed by the flushing water flow has the function of isolating the evaporation wall shell (13);
step 4, for the evaporated water flow:
an evaporation water flow enters the interior of the outer shell (12) of the reactor from an evaporation water inlet (A1), the evaporation water having two flow directions: one flow direction is: the evaporated water flows transversely inwards through the evaporation wall shell (13) through the evaporation wall small holes (27); the other flow direction is: the evaporated water forms an upward flow (25) of the evaporated water from bottom to top, the evaporated water is transported from the bottom to the upper part, and the evaporated water is distributed between the outer shell (12) of the reactor and the shell (13) of the evaporation wall and flows out from an evaporated water outlet (A2);
therefore, supercritical water reaction conditions are maintained only around the central region of the inner axis of the reactor outer shell (12), away from the inner wall of the reactor outer shell (12), and evaporated water is continuously injected from the evaporation wall pores (27), thereby effectively preventing scaling and precipitation of salted-out crystals on the inner wall of the evaporation wall shell (13) and the inner wall of the reactor outer shell (12);
step 5, purified water after supercritical water oxidation reaction is generated moves through a conical flow divider (16), enters a purified water outlet pipe (17) through a purified water small hole (21), and is extracted from a purified water outlet;
wherein: by installing the conical shunt (16), the position of the conical shunt (16) generates abrupt change due to the geometric shape, and ion substances are prevented from being precipitated around the conical shunt (16);
the waste water which has not undergone the supercritical water oxidation reaction and the material which has not been extracted through the purified water outlet pipe (17) are extracted from the waste liquid outlet (C1).
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| CN116444022A (en) * | 2023-05-10 | 2023-07-18 | 广东红海湾发电有限公司 | Supercritical water oxidation treatment system for high-salt-content and high-chlorine-content organic wastewater |
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