CN113603079A - Method for preparing carbon quantum dots by using olive plant essential oil extraction residues - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides application of an olive plant essential oil extraction residue in preparation of a carbon quantum dot and a method for preparing the carbon quantum dot by using the olive plant essential oil extraction residue. The method provided by the invention not only solves the problem of resource waste of the olive family plant essential oil extraction residues, but also can realize high-value utilization of the olive family plant essential oil extraction residues, and has positive effects on economic benefits and environmental protection. The invention provides a method for preparing carbon quantum dots by taking olive plant essential oil extraction residues as a carbon source, adding a water-soluble organic solvent into a reaction system and adopting a hydrothermal method, which can effectively improve the quantum yield of the carbon quantum dots. According to the invention, acetic acid is further added into the myrrh essential oil extraction residues, the quantum yield of the carbon quantum dots prepared by a hydrothermal method is up to 21.68%, and compared with the quantum yield of the carbon quantum dots prepared without adding acetic acid under the same conditions, the quantum yield is improved by 12.91%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of resource recycling and quantum dots, and particularly relates to a method for preparing carbon quantum dots by using olive plant essential oil extraction residues.
Background
Carbon dots, also called carbon quantum dots, are a fluorescent carbon nanomaterial emerging in recent years, and are applied to numerous fields such as biological imaging, environmental monitoring, chemical analysis and the like due to good optical properties. The raw materials for preparing the carbon nano tube graphite rod have wide sources, such as carbon nano tube, carbon fiber, graphite rod, citric acid and the like. In consideration of the green sustainable development concept, plant biomass and the like can be used as carbon sources, and the carbon quantum dots are prepared by a one-step hydrothermal method or a solvothermal method. For example: after dawn swallow treats wood powder, the obtained xylose is used as a carbon source substance, and the prepared biomass carbon quantum dots can carry out photocatalytic degradation on organic dyes in water pollutants (dawn swallow, a biomass carbon quantum dot/wood composite photocatalytic material and a preparation method and application thereof [ P]Jiangsu province: CN112169810A, 2021-01-05.); dufang and the like take withered carnation petals as raw materials, nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots based on carnation flowers are successfully prepared and applied to vitamin B in cells2PH (Du Fang aromatic, a nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dot based on carnation flower and preparation method and application thereof [ P ]]Shanxi province: CN111849474A, 2020-10-30.). Besides the conventional plant biomass raw materials, some special plant biomass raw materials are proved to be suitable for preparing the carbon quantum dots, such as Korean rock which takes rosin resin acid with a tricyclic phenanthrene skeleton structure as a carbon source and synthesizes a rosin-based carbon quantum dot material by a hydrothermal method, and the material can be used for Fe3+Detection (Korean rock, a rosin-based carbon quantum dot material, preparation method and application thereof [ P]The province of Heilongjiang: CN110724528A, 2020-01-24). It should be noted that rosin usually contains heavy metals such as lead and toxic compounds, and in addition, the rosin is repeatedly used in the industry to reduce the cost, and peroxide generated by rosin oxidation has a great influence on human health, and the potential toxicity of carbon quantum dots prepared from rosin as a raw material needs to be considered. In addition to thisIn addition, a method for preparing carbon dots by using general plant essential oil distillation residues (such as rose distillation residues, Australia tea tree distillation residues, Germany chamomile distillation residues and lavender distillation residues) as a carbon source and dissolving lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose in the residues by using a deep eutectic solvent is also researched, so that an effective way is provided for recycling the wastes (Huangchao, a method for preparing carbon dots by using plant essential oil distillation residues [ P]Guangdong province: CN113086971A, 2021-07-09). However, some special distillation residues of essential oils, such as distillation residues of essential oils of olive plants, have main components which are greatly different from those of general plant essential oil residues, and the traditional deep eutectic solvent pretreatment is not suitable for the plant essential oil residues.
The major useful products of the olive family are resins, more commonly mastic and myrrh. The frankincense essential oil is known as the king of the essential oil, has the effects of treating traumatic injury, activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis, relieving pain, diminishing inflammation, promoting wound healing and the like, and the myrrh essential oil has the effects of sterilizing, disinfecting, moistening skin, resisting wrinkles, resisting aging, relaxing muscles, promoting blood circulation and the like, and both of the frankincense essential oil and the myrrh essential oil have wide application in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, and have extremely high market value. The essential oil of Burseraceae is obtained by distilling Burseraceae plant or Burseraceae plant resin, such as: the essential oil of Olibanum and Myrrha is mainly prepared by distilling Olibanum and Myrrha, however, the yield of the essential oil of Burseraceae plant is low, and each distillation leaves a large amount of solid residue. In the extraction of the olive plant essential oil, the main components of the distillation residues of the frankincense essential oil are free alpha and beta-frankincense acids, and the distillation residues of the myrrh essential oil mainly contain alpha and beta-hamartonic acid. Because the olive plants (such as frankincense and myrrh) are nontoxic and harmless biomass raw materials, the olive plants have high medicinal and health-care values and large market demand, and a large amount of distillation residues are generated in the process of preparing the olive essential oil. Therefore, how to realize high-value utilization of the residual resources of olive essential oil extraction is an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to expand the application of the olive family plant essential oil extraction residues and provide the application of the olive family plant essential oil extraction residues in the preparation of carbon quantum dots.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a method for preparing carbon quantum dots by using the extraction residues of olive plant essential oil.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the carbon quantum dots prepared by the method for preparing the carbon quantum dots by using the olive plant essential oil extraction residues for detecting Fe3+And/or Cu2+The use of (1).
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
the invention provides application of an olive plant essential oil extraction residue in preparation of carbon quantum dots.
A method for preparing carbon quantum dots by using olive plant essential oil extraction residues comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting the residues of the extraction of essential oil of olive plants, drying and crushing to obtain residue powder;
s2, adding the residue powder obtained in the step S1 into water, adding a water-soluble organic solvent, and stirring to obtain a mixed solution;
s3, placing the mixed solution obtained in the step S2 at 170-200 ℃ for hydrothermal reaction, cooling and filtering the product, collecting the filtrate, dialyzing and centrifuging the filtrate, and obtaining the supernatant which is the carbon quantum dot solution.
The remainder of the extraction of the essential oil of the olive family plants is an organic matter mixture which is left after the extraction of the essential oil of the olive family plants or resin of the olive family plants through distillation, comprises resin and/or gum and is not the residue of the root, stem and leaf tissues of the olive family plants.
The invention provides a method for preparing carbon quantum dots by using olive family plant essential oil extraction residues, which firstly proposes that the olive family plant essential oil extraction residues which are difficult to dissolve in water are used as a preparation raw material of the carbon dots, the carbon dots are dispersed in water, and a water-soluble organic solvent is added, wherein the water-soluble organic solvent can promote the olive family plant essential oil extraction residues to be carbonized under the hydrothermal condition, so that the formation of the carbon quantum dots is promoted, and the quantum yield of the carbon quantum dots is improved. The method disclosed by the invention can solve the waste problem of the olive plant essential oil extraction residual resource, reduce the pollution of the waste resource to the environment, change waste into valuable and realize high-value reutilization of the waste resource.
Preferably, the olive plant of the family olivaceae at step S1 includes mastic or myrrh.
Preferably, the amount ratio of the residue powder to water in step S2 is (0.5-1) g: (15-30) mL.
Preferably, the water-soluble organic solvent of step S2 includes any one of ethylenediamine, acetic acid, propionic acid, and lactic acid.
More preferably, the water-soluble organic solvent of step S2 is acetic acid, propionic acid, or ethylenediamine.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the water-soluble organic solvent to the water in the step S2 is (1-4): (15-30).
Preferably, the stirring time in the step S2 is 1-2 h.
Preferably, the hydrothermal reaction time of step S3 is 8-10 h.
Preferably, the dialysis time in step S3 is 18-36 h.
Preferably, the centrifugal rotation speed in the step S3 is 8000-10000 rpm, and the centrifugal time is 10-15 min.
As a preferred possible embodiment, a method for preparing carbon quantum dots using an extraction residue of essential oil of olivaceae plants, comprises the steps of:
s1, collecting myrrh essential oil extraction residues, airing and crushing to obtain myrrh residue powder;
s2, weighing 0.5g of the myrrh residue powder obtained in the step S1, adding the myrrh residue powder into 16mL of water, adding 4mL of acetic acid, and stirring at normal temperature for 1h to obtain a mixed solution;
s3, placing the mixed solution obtained in the step S2 in a hydrothermal device at 200 ℃ for hydrothermal reaction for 10 hours, cooling and filtering the obtained product, collecting filtrate, dialyzing the filtrate in distilled water for 36 hours by using a dialysis bag with the molecular weight cutoff of 1000Da, and centrifuging the dialyzed solution for 15 minutes at 10000rpm to obtain supernatant, namely the carbon quantum dot solution.
The invention also provides the carbon quantum dot prepared by the method for preparing the carbon quantum dot by using the olive family plant essential oil extraction residues.
Based on the quenching effect of metal ions on the fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dots, the carbon quantum dots are used for detecting Fe3+And/or Cu2+Are also within the scope of the invention.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention expands the application of the olive family plant essential oil extraction residues and provides the application of the olive family plant essential oil extraction residues in the preparation of carbon quantum dots. The organic residues prepared from the olive family plant essential oil are converted into carbon quantum dot resources which can be utilized by people, so that a series of complex post-treatment processes in the extraction process of the olive family plant essential oil can be avoided, the resources and cost consumed by wastewater treatment are saved, the waste problem of the olive family plant essential oil extraction residue resources is solved, the high-valued utilization of the olive family plant essential oil extraction residues is realized, and the positive effects on economic benefits and environmental protection are achieved.
(2) The invention also provides a method for preparing the carbon quantum dots by using the olive plant essential oil extraction residues. The method takes residue obtained by extracting essential oil of an olive plant as a carbon source, adds a water-soluble organic solvent into a reaction system, and prepares the carbon quantum dots by a hydrothermal method. The method can effectively improve the quantum yield of the carbon quantum dots prepared from the olive plant essential oil extraction residues. According to the invention, acetic acid is further added into the myrrh essential oil extraction residues, the quantum yield of the carbon quantum dots prepared by a hydrothermal method is up to 21.68%, and compared with the quantum yield of the carbon quantum dots prepared without adding acetic acid under the same conditions, the quantum yield is improved by 12.91%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a fluorescence spectrum of a carbon quantum dot under excitation light of 360 nm.
FIG. 2 is a fluorescence spectrum of the carbon quantum dots prepared in example 1 under excitation light of 330nm to 410 nm.
FIG. 3 shows the effect of different ions on the fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dots prepared in example 1.
FIG. 4 shows different concentrations of Fe3+Results of influence on fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dots prepared in example 3.
FIG. 5 is Fe3+Concentration and fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dots prepared in example 3.
FIG. 6 shows Cu concentrations2+Influence on the fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dots prepared in example 1.
FIG. 7 is Cu2+A fitted curve of the concentration and the fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dots prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the following detailed description, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Reagents, methods and apparatus used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated.
Unless otherwise indicated, reagents and materials used in the following examples are commercially available.
The remainder of the extraction of the frankincense essential oil in the embodiment of the invention is an organic matter mixture remained in a distillation device after the distillation of the frankincense and is not the residue of root, stem and leaf tissue raw materials of olive plants.
The residue obtained by extracting the myrrh essential oil in the embodiment of the invention is an organic matter mixture left in a distillation device after the myrrh is distilled, and the organic matter mixture is not the residue of root, stem and leaf tissue raw materials of olive plants.
Example 1
Before this example, the solubility of acetic acid in the reaction system for the myrrh essential oil extraction residue was examined, and as a result, the solubility of acetic acid in the myrrh essential oil extraction residue was found to be 16.38%.
S1, collecting myrrh essential oil extraction residues, airing and crushing to obtain myrrh residue powder;
s2, weighing 1g of the myrrh residue powder obtained in the step S1, adding into 30mL of water, adding 4mL of acetic acid, and stirring at normal temperature for 1h to obtain a mixed solution;
s3, placing the mixed solution obtained in the step S2 in a hydrothermal device at 170 ℃ for hydrothermal reaction for 8 hours, cooling and filtering the obtained product, collecting filtrate, dialyzing the filtrate in distilled water for 18 hours by using a dialysis bag with the molecular weight cutoff of 1000Da, and centrifuging the dialyzed solution for 15 minutes at 8000rpm to obtain supernatant, namely the carbon quantum dot solution.
The quantum yield of the carbon quantum dots prepared in this example was 20.69%.
Example 2
Before this example, the solubility of propionic acid in the reaction system for the extraction residue of boswellia essential oil was examined, and as a result, the solubility of propionic acid in the extraction residue of boswellia essential oil was found to be 0.64%.
S1, collecting frankincense essential oil extraction residues, airing and crushing to obtain frankincense residue powder;
s2, weighing 0.5g of the frankincense residue powder obtained in the step S1, adding into 15mL of water, adding 2mL of propionic acid, and stirring at normal temperature for 1h to obtain a mixed solution;
s3, placing the mixed solution obtained in the step S2 in a hydrothermal device at 200 ℃ for hydrothermal reaction for 8 hours, cooling and filtering the obtained product, collecting filtrate, dialyzing the filtrate in distilled water for 18 hours by using a dialysis bag with the molecular weight cutoff of 1000Da, and centrifuging the dialyzed solution at 10000rpm for 10 minutes to obtain supernatant, namely the carbon quantum dot solution.
The quantum yield of the carbon quantum dots prepared in this example was 7.66%.
Example 3
Before this example, the solubility of ethylenediamine in the myrrh essential oil extraction residue in the reaction system was examined, and it was found that the solubility of ethylenediamine in the myrrh essential oil extraction residue was 24.48%.
S1, collecting myrrh essential oil extraction residues, airing and crushing to obtain myrrh residue powder;
s2, weighing 0.5g of the myrrh residue powder obtained in the step S1, adding into 20mL of water, adding 1mL of ethylenediamine, and stirring at normal temperature for 2h to obtain a mixed solution;
s3, placing the mixed solution obtained in the step S2 in a hydrothermal device at 200 ℃ for hydrothermal reaction for 9 hours, cooling and filtering the obtained product, collecting filtrate, dialyzing the filtrate in distilled water for 36 hours by using a dialysis bag with the molecular weight cutoff of 1000Da, and centrifuging the dialyzed solution at 10000rpm for 10 minutes to obtain supernatant, namely the carbon quantum dot solution.
The quantum yield of the carbon quantum dots prepared in this example was 11.53%.
Example 4
Before this example, the solubility of acetic acid in the reaction system for the myrrh essential oil extraction residue was examined, and as a result, the solubility of acetic acid in the myrrh essential oil extraction residue was found to be 16.38%.
S1, collecting myrrh essential oil extraction residues, airing and crushing to obtain powder;
s2, weighing 0.5g of the myrrh residue powder obtained in the step S1, adding the myrrh residue powder into 16mL of water, adding 4mL of acetic acid, and stirring at normal temperature for 1h to obtain a mixed solution;
s3, placing the mixed solution obtained in the step S2 in a hydrothermal device at 200 ℃ for hydrothermal reaction for 10 hours, cooling and filtering the obtained product, collecting filtrate, dialyzing the filtrate in distilled water for 36 hours by using a dialysis bag with the molecular weight cutoff of 1000Da, and centrifuging the dialyzed solution for 15 minutes at 10000rpm to obtain supernatant, namely the carbon quantum dot solution.
The quantum yield of the carbon quantum dot prepared in this example was 21.68%.
Comparative example 1
Only "2 mL of propionic acid" in example 2 was replaced with "2 mL of distilled water" and the remaining reaction conditions were not changed, and the yield of the carbon quantum dots of the obtained sample was reduced to 4.18%.
The experimental results of the comparative example 2 and the comparative example 1 show that the dissolving effect of the frankincense essential oil extraction residues is not greatly improved by adding a certain amount of propionic acid into the reaction system, but the quantum yield of the carbon quantum dots can be obviously improved.
Comparative example 2
The quantum yield of the obtained carbon quantum dots is reduced to 8.77% by replacing all the '4 mL acetic acid' in the example 4 with '4 mL distilled water', and the rest reaction conditions are not changed.
The experimental results of comparative example 4 and comparative example 2 show that the dissolution effect of myrrh essential oil extraction residues is not greatly improved by adding a certain amount of acetic acid in the reaction system, but the quantum yield of the carbon quantum dots can be obviously improved.
From the experimental results of the above examples and comparative examples, it can be seen that the difference in quantum yield of the carbon quantum dots obtained by using the residue of the extraction of essential oils of frankincense and myrrh is large, due to the difference in the components of the two; by adding a certain amount of water-soluble organic solvent into the reaction system, the water-soluble organic solvent can promote the frankincense essential oil extraction residues and the myrrh essential oil extraction residues to be carbonized under the hydrothermal condition, promote the formation of carbon quantum dots and further remarkably improve the quantum yield of the carbon quantum dots.
Test example 1
1.1 fluorescence intensity measurement of carbon quantum dots under 360nm excitation light
The fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dots prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 and 2 was measured by a fluorescence spectrophotometer under excitation light of 360 nm.
And (4) analyzing results: the fluorescence spectrum of the carbon quantum dot under 360nm excitation light is shown in FIG. 1. As can be seen from fig. 1, the fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dot prepared in example 4 is the best; the carbon quantum dots prepared in comparative example 1 had the worst fluorescence intensity.
1.2 fluorescence intensity test of carbon quantum dots under different excitation lights
The fluorescence intensities of the carbon quantum dots prepared in example 1 at different excitation wavelengths (330 nm-410 nm) were tested by a fluorescence spectrophotometer.
The results show that: the fluorescence spectrum of the carbon quantum dot prepared in example 1 under excitation light of 330nm to 410nm is shown in FIG. 2. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dot has a dependence on the excitation wavelength, and when the excitation wavelength is increased from 330nm to 410nm, the peak position of the strongest fluorescence emission of the carbon quantum dot is red-shifted and the fluorescence intensity gradually decreases.
1.3 test of the influence of different ions on the fluorescence intensity of carbon quantum dots
The experimental steps are as follows: preparing different ionic solutions with the concentration of 0.1mol/L, putting 1mL of the ionic solution and 1mL of the carbon dot solution into a 5mL volumetric flask, and fixing the volume to the scale with distilled water. Measuring the fluorescence intensity of each group at 360nm by using a fluorescence spectrophotometer with a blank group without adding an ionic solution and F as the fluorescence intensity0The fluorescence intensity of the added ion solution was F.
And (4) analyzing results: the results of the effect of different ions on the fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dots prepared in example 1 are shown in fig. 3. As can be seen from the figure, Fe3+And Cu2+Has quenching effect on the fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dots. Wherein, Fe3+Has the strongest quenching effect, and shows that the carbon quantum dots have Fe3+Shows higher sensitivity and selectivity.
1.4 different concentrations of Fe3+Effect test on fluorescence intensity of carbon Quantum dots
Different concentrations of Fe were investigated3+(0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1mol/L) on the fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dot prepared in example 3, the specific experimental procedure was: taking prepared Fe with various concentrations3+0.5mL of the solution and 1mL of the carbon dot solution are put in a 5mL volumetric flask, the volume is fixed to the scale with distilled water, and the fluorescence spectra of each group at 360nm are collected by using a fluorescence spectrophotometer.
And (4) analyzing results: different concentrations of Fe3+The results of influencing the fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dots prepared in example 3 are shown in fig. 4. As can be seen from the graph, the fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dots is dependent on Fe3+Decrease in concentration as Fe increases3+At a concentration of 0.06mol/L, the fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dot was substantially completely quenched. According to FIG. 4 for Fe3+The concentration and the relative fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dots were fitted, and the results are shown in fig. 5. As can be seen from FIG. 5, Fe3+The concentration and the relative fluorescence intensity (F0/F) of the carbon quantum dots have a logarithmic correlation, and the correlation coefficient R of the concentration and the relative fluorescence intensity (F0/F) of the carbon quantum dots2＝0.9915。
1.5 Cu of different concentrations2+Effect test on fluorescence intensity of carbon Quantum dots
Only "F" in 1.4 part of the experimental proceduree3+Replacement of solution by Cu2+Solutions (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0mol/L) ", for different concentrations of Cu2+Influence on the fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dots prepared in example 1.
And (4) analyzing results: cu of different concentrations2+The effect on the fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dots prepared in example 1 is shown in fig. 6. As can be seen from the figure, the fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dots also follows Cu2+The concentration increases and decreases. According to FIG. 6 for Cu2+The concentration and the relative fluorescence intensity of the carbon quantum dots were fitted, and the results are shown in FIG. 7, in which Cu is present2+The concentration and the relative fluorescence intensity have logarithmic correlation, and the correlation coefficient R of the concentration and the relative fluorescence intensity2＝0.9938。
Claims (10)
1. Application of olive plant essential oil extraction residues in preparation of carbon quantum dots.
2. A method for preparing carbon quantum dots by using olive plant essential oil extraction residues is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, collecting the residues of the extraction of essential oil of olive plants, drying and crushing to obtain residue powder;
s2, adding the residue powder obtained in the step S1 into water, adding a water-soluble organic solvent, and stirring to obtain a mixed solution;
s3, placing the mixed solution obtained in the step S2 at 170-200 ℃ for hydrothermal reaction, cooling and filtering the product, collecting the filtrate, dialyzing and centrifuging the filtrate, and obtaining the supernatant which is the carbon quantum dot solution.
3. The method for preparing carbon quantum dots using the extraction residue of olive family plant essential oil as claimed in claim 2, wherein the olive family plant essential oil comprises boswellia essential oil or myrrh essential oil at step S1.
4. The method for preparing carbon quantum dots by using the olive family plant essential oil extraction residues as claimed in claim 2, wherein the amount ratio of the residue powder to water in step S2 is (0.5-1) g: (15-30) mL.
5. The method for preparing carbon quantum dots using the olive plant essential oil extraction residue according to claim 2, wherein the water-soluble organic solvent of step S2 includes any one of ethylenediamine, acetic acid, or propionic acid.
6. The method for preparing carbon quantum dots by using the olive plant essential oil extraction residues as claimed in claim 2, wherein the volume ratio of the water-soluble organic solvent to the water in step S2 is (1-4): (15-30).
7. The method for preparing carbon quantum dots by using the olive plant essential oil extraction residues as claimed in claim 2, wherein the hydrothermal reaction time of the step S3 is 8-10 h.
8. The method for preparing carbon quantum dots by using the olive plant essential oil extraction residues as claimed in claim 2, wherein the centrifugation rotation speed of step S3 is 8000-10000 rpm, and the centrifugation time is 10-15 min.
9. The carbon quantum dot prepared by the method for preparing the carbon quantum dot by using the olive plant essential oil extraction residues as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The carbon quantum dot of claim 9 for detecting Fe3+And/or Cu2+The use of (1).
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