CN112552905B - Rose red fluorescent carbon dot and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Rose red fluorescent carbon dot and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN112552905B
CN112552905B CN202011589007.3A CN202011589007A CN112552905B CN 112552905 B CN112552905 B CN 112552905B CN 202011589007 A CN202011589007 A CN 202011589007A CN 112552905 B CN112552905 B CN 112552905B
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CN112552905A (en
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梁彩珍
谢小保
施庆珊
张丹丹
王玲玲
孙廷丽
李素娟
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Guangdong Detection Center of Microbiology of Guangdong Institute of Microbiology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a rosy fluorescent carbon dot and a preparation method and application thereof. The method takes invasive weed wedelia chinensis as a carbon source and adopts a one-step hydrothermal or solvothermal method to prepare the rosy fluorescent carbon dot. The carbon dots prepared by the method have small and uniform particle size, good water dispersibility, excellent fluorescence property, high stability, good water solubility, low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility. The method has the characteristics of mild reaction conditions, simple and feasible preparation process, environmental friendliness and economy, changes waste into valuable, and conforms to the green chemical concept. The rosy fluorescent carbon dot prepared by the invention has the characteristic of long wave emission, rich surface functional groups and specific fluorescent response Cu 2+ . The rosy fluorescent carbon dot prepared by the invention is used as a fluorescent probe, has the advantages of simple preparation method, good water dispersibility, high fluorescence stability, low toxicity, good biocompatibility and capability of being applied to Cu 2+ The method has the advantages of simple operation, high sensitivity and selectivity and the like in detection.

Description

Rose red fluorescent carbon dot and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fluorescent nano materials, and particularly relates to a rosy fluorescent carbon dot and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Copper ion (Cu) 2+ ) As a representative heavy metal ion, it plays an important role in various fields such as chemistry, electronics, environment, and biology. Copper is not only an essential micronutrient, but also an important component of proteins in the human body, and plays a key role in many physiological and pathological events. The copper element can not be taken in during the growth of the human body and the operation of the body functions. Copper ion (Cu) in vivo 2+ ) The imbalance of (a) not only promotes the development of cancer, but also causes the occurrence of Parkinson's disease, Williams disease, oxidative damage to biological systems, and the like. Meanwhile, improper intake of copper may cause copper poisoning, which may cause numerous diseases such as gastrointestinal diseases and disorders of the nervous system, etc. Therefore, the development of a simple, economical and sensitive method for copper ion detection is of great importance in food safety, water quality analysis and medical diagnosis. The fluorescence detection method has become a powerful platform for detecting copper plasma due to the characteristics of simple operation, high sensitivity, fast response, real-time monitoring and the like. Currently, a large number of fluorescence-based sensing systems have been developed and successfully applied to the detection of ions, molecules, and the like. The fluorescent sensing systems they have constructed are based on a variety of fluorescent materials, such as fluorescent dyes, semiconductor quantum dots, metal organic frameworks, metal nanoclusters, and the like. However, these materials have certain defects of toxicity, complex synthetic route, high cost and the like, and the defects greatly limit the practical applicability of the materials.
Fluorescent Carbon Dots (CDs) are a new star of fluorescent carbon nanomaterials, have the advantages of excellent photoluminescence characteristics, good light stability, low toxicity, economy, easiness in preparation and the like, gradually become ideal substitute materials of fluorescent materials such as fluorescent dyes and semiconductor quantum dots and are successfully applied to the fields of photoelectric equipment, photocatalysis, biosensing and the like. At present, the carbon sources used for synthesizing carbon dots are various and include conventional chemical reagents, biomass materials and the like. Compared with the traditional chemical reagent, the biomass material is one of effective ways for green synthesis of carbon dots due to the characteristics of rich sources, low price, renewability and the like, and is expected to realize the large-scale synthesis of the carbon dots. For example, potatoes, grasses, grapefruits, milk, bamboo leaves, etc. have been successfully used for the synthesis of carbon dots, demonstrating the enormous potential for biomass materials. However, carbon dots that have been developed so far are mainly focused on the short-wavelength emission region (blue, green), and the preparation of carbon dots for long-wavelength emission remains extremely challenging. Therefore, the development of green and low-cost biomass materials for preparing rosy carbon dots with long-wave emission characteristics for copper ion detection has extremely important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the bottleneck of preparation of the existing long-wave emission carbon dot, the invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a rosy fluorescent carbon dot with long-wave emission characteristic and a preparation method and application thereof. The rosy fluorescent carbon dot prepared by the invention not only has unique long-wave emission characteristic and good light stability and water dispersibility, but also has the advantages of simple and easy preparation process, environmental protection and the like. Meanwhile, the adopted carbon source is a green biomass material, is rich in source, can be recycled and regenerated, and accords with the sustainable development concept. In addition, the rosy fluorescent carbon dot prepared by the method has high selectivity and sensitivity to copper ions, and can be further used for detecting the copper ions in biosensing.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a rose-red fluorescent carbon dot comprises the following steps: the wedelia chinensis is carbonized to obtain the rose red fluorescent carbon dots.
Preferably, the wedelia chinensis is subjected to hydrothermal or solvothermal reaction to obtain the rosy fluorescent carbon dot.
Preferably, the wedelia chinensis powder is added into an aqueous solution or an organic solvent, then the aqueous solution or the organic solvent is placed into a microwave synthesizer for hydrothermal or solvothermal reaction, the filtration and the dialysis are carried out, and dialysate is collected and dried to obtain the rose red fluorescent carbon dots.
The method comprises the following specific steps: the wedeloa powder is prepared by mixing 1g of wedeloa powder: adding 5-150mL of the mixed solution into an aqueous solution or an organic solvent, stirring to uniformly disperse the powder, transferring the mixed solution into a reaction tank, placing the reaction tank into a microwave synthesizer, raising the temperature to 100 ℃ and 200 ℃ at the speed of 4-20 ℃/min for reaction for 0.5-4h, filtering, dialyzing the obtained filtrate for 24-72h by using a dialysis bag, collecting the dialyzate, and drying to obtain the rose-red fluorescent carbon dot.
Preferably, the dialysis bag is a dialysis bag with the molecular weight cutoff of 1000-.
Preferably, the aqueous solution is a 0.5 wt% NaOH solution or ultrapure water.
Preferably, the organic solvent is ethanol water solution with volume fraction of 50% or absolute ethanol.
The second objective of the present invention is to provide a rosy fluorescent carbon dot prepared by the above method.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the rose-red fluorescent carbon dot in Cu 2+ Application in detection.
The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide the rose-red fluorescent carbon dot in the preparation of Cu 2+ The application of the fluorescent probe for specific detection.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
(1) the method takes invasive weed wedelia chinensis as a carbon source and adopts a one-step hydrothermal or solvothermal method to prepare the rosy fluorescent carbon dot. The prepared carbon dots have small and uniform particle size, good water dispersibility, excellent fluorescence performance, high stability, good water solubility, low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility, the excitation wavelength is 402nm, and the long-wave emission length is 654 nm. The method has the characteristics of mild reaction conditions, simple and feasible preparation process, environmental friendliness and economy, changes waste into valuable, and conforms to the green chemical concept.
(2) The rosy fluorescent carbon dot prepared by the invention has the characteristic of long wave emission, rich surface functional groups and specific fluorescent response Cu 2+ . Therefore, the prepared rose-red fluorescent carbon dots can be aligned to Cu 2+ Sensitive and selective detection.
(3) The rosy fluorescent carbon dot prepared by the invention is used as a fluorescent probe, has the advantages of simple preparation method, good water dispersibility, high fluorescence stability, low toxicity, good biocompatibility and capability of being applied to Cu 2+ In the detectionHas the advantages of simple operation, high sensitivity and selectivity, etc.
(4) The invention expands the variety of the long-wave emission carbon points and provides technical support for preparing the novel long-wave emission carbon points.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a transmission electron micrograph of a rose-red fluorescent carbon dot prepared in example 1.
FIG. 2 shows the UV absorption spectrum and fluorescence emission spectrum of the rose-red fluorescent carbon dot prepared in example 1.
FIG. 3 is a Fourier infrared spectrum of a rose-red fluorescent carbon dot prepared in example 1.
FIG. 4 shows the quenching efficiency (F) of fluorescence intensity in the presence of different metal ions at the emission wavelength of 654nm 0 -F)/F 0 And (6) comparing.
FIG. 5 shows Cu concentrations 2+ Fluorescence spectra of an aqueous solution of rosy fluorescent carbon dots in the presence.
FIG. 6 is Cu 2+ Standard curve of detection.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
A preparation method of rose-red fluorescent carbon dots comprises the following steps: grinding 1g of dried wedelia trilobata (stem leaf) into powder, adding the powder into 40mL of ethanol aqueous solution with the volume fraction of 50% (ultrapure water/ethanol v/v ═ 1: 1), stirring at room temperature for 10min to uniformly disperse the powder, transferring the obtained mixture into a 100mL polytetrafluoroethylene reaction tank, placing the reaction tank into a microwave synthesizer, heating to 160 ℃ at the heating speed of 10 ℃/min to react, automatically cooling the system temperature to room temperature after reacting for 1.5h, performing vacuum filtration on the obtained reaction product by using a 0.22 mu m microporous filter membrane, dialyzing the obtained filtrate for 72h by using a dialysis bag with the molecular weight cutoff of 1000Da, using deionized water as a solvent, collecting dialysate, and performing freeze drying to obtain the rose fluorescent carbon dot powder.
Example 2
A preparation method of rose-red fluorescent carbon dots comprises the following steps: grinding 4g of dried trilobate wedelia chinensis (stems and leaves) into powder, adding the powder into 20mL of alkaline aqueous solution (0.5 wt% NaOH solution), stirring at room temperature for 20min to uniformly disperse the powder, transferring the obtained mixture into a 100mL polytetrafluoroethylene reaction tank, placing the reaction tank into a microwave synthesizer, raising the temperature to 200 ℃ at the heating speed of 8 ℃/min to perform reaction, automatically cooling the system temperature to room temperature after reacting for 0.5h, performing vacuum filtration on the obtained reaction product by using a 0.22 mu m microporous filter membrane, dialyzing the obtained filtrate by using a dialysis bag with the molecular weight cutoff of 1000Da for 48h, using deionized water as a solvent, collecting dialysate, and performing freeze drying to obtain the rose fluorescent carbon dot powder.
Example 3
A preparation method of rose-red fluorescent carbon dots comprises the following steps: grinding 0.2g of dried wedelia trilobata (stem leaf) into powder, adding the powder into 30mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring at room temperature for 30min to uniformly disperse the powder, transferring the obtained mixture into a 100mL polytetrafluoroethylene reaction tank, placing the reaction tank into a microwave synthesizer, raising the temperature to 100 ℃ at the heating speed of 4 ℃/min to perform reaction, automatically reducing the system temperature to room temperature after 4 hours of reaction, performing vacuum filtration on the obtained reaction product by using a 0.22 mu m microporous filter membrane, dialyzing the obtained filtrate for 36 hours by using a dialysis bag with the molecular weight cutoff of 3500Da, using deionized water as a solvent, collecting dialysate, and performing freeze drying to obtain the rosy fluorescent carbon dot powder.
Example 4
A preparation method of rose-red fluorescent carbon dots comprises the following steps: grinding 2g of dried trilobate wedelia chinensis (stems and leaves) into powder, adding 30mL of ultrapure water, stirring at room temperature for 5min to uniformly disperse the powder, transferring the obtained mixture into a 100mL polytetrafluoroethylene reaction tank, placing the reaction tank into a microwave synthesizer, raising the temperature to 180 ℃ at the heating speed of 20 ℃/min to perform reaction, automatically reducing the system temperature to room temperature after 2h of reaction, performing vacuum filtration on the obtained reaction product by adopting a 0.22 mu m microporous filter membrane, dialyzing the obtained filtrate for 24h by adopting a dialysis bag with the molecular weight cutoff of 3500Da, using deionized water as a solvent, collecting dialysate, and performing freeze drying treatment to obtain red fluorescence rose carbon dot powder.
Example 5
The characterization of the rosy fluorescent carbon dot prepared in example 1 of the present invention is shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3. FIG. 1 shows a transmission electron microscope image that the prepared carbon dots have a quasi-spherical structure and uniform particle size. The ultraviolet absorption spectrum of FIG. 2 shows that the fluorescent carbon dots have absorption peaks at 281 nm, 402nm and 652nm, and the fluorescence emission spectrogram proves that the carbon dots have long-wave emission characteristics, the long-wave emission peaks do not shift along with the change of the excitation wavelength, the maximum excitation wavelength and the emission wavelength are 402nm and 654nm respectively, and rosy fluorescence is emitted. The infrared spectrum of fig. 3 demonstrates that the prepared carbon dots have the structure-OH/NH, C-O, C ═ O, C-N, further illustrating that the surface has carboxyl, amino, and hydroxyl functional groups.
Example 6
In this example, the rosy fluorescent carbon dot prepared in example 1 was used as a fluorescent probe to realize Cu-fluorescence detection 2+ Specific fluorescent response of (2).
(1) NH was prepared at a concentration of 10mM in 1 XPBS buffer (pH 7.2-7.4) 4+ 、Na + 、Mg 2+ 、Al 3+ 、K + 、Ca 2 + 、Cr 3+ 、Mn 2+ 、Fe 2+ 、Fe 3+ 、Co 2+ 、Ni 2+ 、Cu 2+ 、Zn 2+ 、Cd 2+ 、Pb 2+ 、Ag + Plasma aqueous solution of different ions (Na ion) + Or K + When Na in 1 XPBS buffer is not included + Or K + ) (ii) a An aqueous solution of rose-red fluorescent carbon dots with a concentration of 100. mu.g/mL was prepared using 1 XPBS buffer (pH 7.2-7.4).
(2) To 1mL of a rose-red fluorescent carbon dot aqueous solution having a concentration of 100 μ g/mL, the aqueous solutions of the above different ions were added, and the mixture was made up with 1 × PBS buffer (pH 7.2 to 7.4), and mixed uniformly so that the final volume was 2mL and the ion concentration was 100 μ M. To 1mL of a rose-red fluorescent carbon dot aqueous solution having a concentration of 100 μ g/mL, aqueous solutions of the above different ions were added at the same time, and the mixture was made up with 1 × PBS buffer (pH 7.2 to 7.4), and mixed uniformly so that the final volume was 2mL and the ion concentration was 100 μ M, respectively. Standing at room temperature for 5min for fluorescence measurement.
(3) Measuring fluorescence intensity of the rosy fluorescent carbon dot aqueous solution in the presence of different ions and in the presence of the ions by using a fluorescence spectrophotometer, recording fluorescence intensity change at the maximum emission wavelength (654nm) by taking 402nm as an excitation wavelength, and calculating fluorescence quenching efficiency (F) 0 -F)/F 0 In which F is 0 The fluorescence intensity of a pure rose-red fluorescent carbon dot aqueous solution (a rose-red fluorescent carbon dot aqueous solution prepared with 1 × PBS buffer (pH 7.2 to 7.4) and having a concentration of 50 μ g/mL) was obtained, and F was the fluorescence intensity of the rose-red fluorescent carbon dot aqueous solution after ion addition.
(4) As can be seen in FIG. 4, rosy fluorescent carbon dots vs. Cu 2+ Has excellent selectivity. When Cu 2+ When present, the fluorescence of the carbon spot is significantly quenched, while other ions have little effect on the fluorescence intensity of the carbon spot. At the same time, when Cu 2+ Cu existing in the rose-red fluorescent carbon dot aqueous solution simultaneously with all the ions in (1) 2+ The fluorescence of the carbon dots still has good quenching efficiency, which shows that the ions specifically respond to the carbon dots by Cu 2+ Less interference.
Example 7
In this example, the rosy fluorescent carbon dots prepared in example 1 were used as fluorescent carbon dots to realize Cu-doped fluorescent dots 2+ High sensitivity response.
(1) Preparing Cu with different concentrations by adopting 1 XPBS buffer solution (pH is 7.2-7.4) 2+ And (3) solution.
(2) To 1mL of a rose-red fluorescent carbon dot aqueous solution (100. mu.g/mL) was added Cu at different concentrations 2+ The solution is evenly mixed to ensure that the volume of the final solution is 2mL, Cu 2+ Standing at room temperature for 5min at a concentration of 0-1000. mu.M. The change in the fluorescence curve is measured at an excitation wavelength of 402nm, according to the (F) at the emission wavelength of 654nm 0 -F)/F 0 Fitting (F) 0 -F)/F 0 And Cu 2+ Standard curve between concentrations, calculating Cu 2+ The detection limit of (2).
(3) As shown in fig. 5, with Cu 2+ The fluorescence intensity of the carbon dots at 654nm is gradually reduced when the concentration is increased; as can be seen from FIG. 6, with Cu 2+ Increase in concentration, fluorescence quenching efficiencyGradually increasing. When Cu 2+ At a concentration of 0.1-50. mu.M, (F) 0 -F)/F 0 And Cu 2+ The concentration is in good linear relation, and the detection limit is 0.22 mu M.
The above embodiments are possible implementations of the present invention, but the implementations of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. Rosy fluorescent carbon dot in Cu 2+ The application in detection is characterized in that the preparation method of the rose-red fluorescent carbon dot comprises the following steps: the wedeloa powder is prepared by mixing 1g of wedeloa powder: adding 5-150mL of the mixture into an aqueous solution or an organic solvent, stirring to uniformly disperse the powder, transferring the mixture into a reaction tank, placing the reaction tank into a microwave synthesizer, raising the temperature to 100-3500 ℃ at the heating speed of 4-20 ℃/min, reacting for 0.5-4h, filtering, dialyzing the obtained filtrate for 24-72h by using a dialysis bag with the molecular weight cutoff of 1000-3500Da, collecting dialysate, and drying to obtain the rose-red fluorescent carbon dot; the aqueous solution is 0.5 wt% NaOH solution or ultrapure water; the organic solvent is ethanol water solution with volume fraction of 50% or absolute ethanol.
2. Preparation of Cu from rosy fluorescent carbon dots 2+ The application of the fluorescent probe for specific detection is characterized in that the preparation method of the rosy fluorescent carbon dot comprises the following steps: the wedeloa powder is prepared by mixing 1g of wedeloa powder: adding 5-150mL of the mixture into an aqueous solution or an organic solvent, stirring to uniformly disperse the powder, transferring the mixture into a reaction tank, placing the reaction tank into a microwave synthesizer, raising the temperature to 100-3500 ℃ at the heating speed of 4-20 ℃/min, reacting for 0.5-4h, filtering, dialyzing the obtained filtrate for 24-72h by using a dialysis bag with the molecular weight cutoff of 1000-3500Da, collecting dialysate, and drying to obtain the rose-red fluorescent carbon dot; the aqueous solution is 0.5 wt% NaOH solution or ultrapure water; the organic solvent is ethanol water solution with volume fraction of 50% or absolute ethanol.
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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110346336A (en) * 2019-06-19 2019-10-18 黄山学院 The fluorescent carbon point of one step microwave attenuation materials is used for Cu2+Method of selectively determining

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110346336A (en) * 2019-06-19 2019-10-18 黄山学院 The fluorescent carbon point of one step microwave attenuation materials is used for Cu2+Method of selectively determining

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
碳点的绿色合成以及对染料的吸附研究;童莘杰等;《广东化工》;20200630(第12期);第4-6页 *
童莘杰等.碳点的绿色合成以及对染料的吸附研究.《广东化工》.2020,(第12期),第12期. *

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