CN113602148B - Balanced duration management method for full-time balancing - Google Patents

Balanced duration management method for full-time balancing Download PDF

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CN113602148B
CN113602148B CN202111014829.3A CN202111014829A CN113602148B CN 113602148 B CN113602148 B CN 113602148B CN 202111014829 A CN202111014829 A CN 202111014829A CN 113602148 B CN113602148 B CN 113602148B
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equalization
time
time length
duration
balancing
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CN113602148A (en
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杨鸿林
潘安金
廖永健
张云龙
江吉兵
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Hubei Eve Power Co Ltd
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Hubei Eve Power Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method for managing balanced duration of full-time balancing. The method comprises a driving balancing method, a charging balancing method, a short-time storage balancing method and a long-time storage balancing method, and can comprehensively utilize an balancing duration determining method based on the battery cell pressure difference evaluation balancing duration, the OCV evaluation balancing duration, the lithium iron phosphate characteristic point evaluation balancing duration and the charging terminal battery cell pressure difference evaluation balancing duration. The invention adopts various schemes to determine the equalization time so as to ensure that the equalization time is more accurate, thereby achieving reasonable management of the equalization time, solving the problem that the equalization time cannot be confirmed because the vehicle is not in a continuous working state, solving the equalization management problem of long-time storage, determining the optimal equalization starting time, avoiding the problem that the long-time storage cannot be equalized, and avoiding the need of repeated awakening to determine equalization during storage.

Description

Balanced duration management method for full-time balancing
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of batteries, relates to a full-time balanced time length management method, and particularly relates to a full-time balanced time length management method for a vehicle.
Background
The lithium battery pack has the advantages of high energy, high power, long service life, quick charging, less pollution and the like, and becomes a preferred battery of the new energy automobile. As the driving mileage of the automobile increases, the capacity of the lithium battery pack increases, so in order to meet the current demand of the capacity of the lithium battery, a plurality of lithium battery cells are often connected in series or in parallel to form a battery pack. Although the manufacturing process of each lithium battery monomer is consistent with the materials, the complete percentage consistency of the performances of the lithium battery monomers cannot be ensured, so that two lithium battery monomers of the same type have different capacities, internal resistances and self-discharge rates. To address cell inconsistencies, equalization systems have been developed. Equalization, as the name implies, is to balance lithium battery cells so that they are uniform.
The current equalization method includes two types, one passive equalization and the other active equalization.
Passive equalization: the equalization mode adopts a resistance heat release mode to release the excessive electric quantity of the high-capacity battery, thereby achieving the purpose of equalization.
Active equalization: an equalization method for equalization in a manner of electric quantity transfer.
Because the equalization capability of the equalization circuit module needs a long equalization time to achieve the equalization effect when the number of the battery pack monomers is large and the capacity is large, two evolutions of the equalization time exist.
1. Charge equalization, also known as end equalization. Refers to equalization at the end of charge.
2. Full-time equalization, in order to prolong the equalization time, equalization is performed in both the charging process, discharging and the process, which is called full-time equalization.
The existing full-time equalization scheme has the following defects that firstly, the equalization time is unreasonable to manage. 2. The equalization time can be determined after data is acquired after the sleep is kept still for 2 hours, and the equalization time cannot be equalized once the data is in a high-load 24-hour working state. 3. Correspondingly, when the vehicle is in a sleep state for a long time, there is no equalization.
CN110001454a provides a battery management system and a control policy based on full-time equalization, where the battery management system includes a master control unit and a slave control unit, where the master control unit is a master control circuit board of the battery management system and used for overall policy control, and the slave control unit is a slave control circuit board of the battery management system and used for collecting data and communicating with the master control unit.
CN109428129a discloses a battery balancing method, a system, a vehicle, a storage medium and an electronic device, the method comprising: obtaining the time change rate of the single batteries to be balanced in the battery pack; acquiring a reference time change rate required by equalization; determining a target equalization duration of the single battery to be equalized according to the time change rate of the single battery to be equalized and the reference time change rate; and controlling the balance of the single batteries to be balanced according to the target balance duration.
However, the above schemes have the equalization time accuracy to be further enhanced and have the equalization management problem of long-time storage.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims at a balancing duration management method for full-time balancing. The equalization time length management method for full-time equalization provided by the invention adopts various schemes to determine the equalization time, so that the equalization time is more accurate, and the reasonable management of the equalization time is achieved. The full time equalization described in the present invention is for an electric vehicle.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides an equalization duration management method for full-time equalization, which comprises a driving equalization method, a charging equalization method, a short-time storage equalization method and a long-time storage equalization method.
In the full-time balanced time length management method provided by the invention, the driving balanced method further comprises a driving balanced time length determination method, the charging balanced method further comprises a charging balanced time length determination method, the short-time storage balanced method further comprises a short-time storage balanced time length determination method, and the long-time storage balanced method further comprises a long-time balanced time length determination method.
In the invention, the long-term storage means that the storage time of the vehicle is more than 1 month, and the short-term storage means that the storage time of the vehicle is less than 1 month.
The equalization time length management method for full-time equalization provided by the invention adopts various schemes to determine the equalization time, so that the equalization time is more accurate, and the reasonable management of the equalization time is achieved.
The following preferred technical solutions are used as the present invention, but not as limitations on the technical solutions provided by the present invention, and the technical objects and advantageous effects of the present invention can be better achieved and achieved by the following preferred technical solutions.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the balanced time length determining method based on the battery cell differential pressure evaluation balanced time length, the balanced time length determining method based on the OCV evaluation balanced time length, the balanced time length determining method based on the lithium iron phosphate characteristic point evaluation balanced time length and the balanced time length determining method based on the charging terminal battery cell differential pressure evaluation balanced time length are comprehensively utilized in the balanced time length management method.
The above method for determining the equalization duration has advantages and disadvantages:
the equalization duration is evaluated based on the cell voltage difference: the method is easy to acquire data, but has the characteristic of larger error in evaluating the equalization time length due to the adoption of dynamic data.
The equalization period is evaluated based on OCV (open circuit voltage): the method requires data after the vehicle stands for 2 hours to evaluate, and the evaluation equalization time is accurate.
And (3) evaluating the equalization time based on the characteristic points of the lithium iron phosphate: the method is only suitable for lithium iron phosphate, and the equalization time length is estimated relatively accurately.
The equalization duration is evaluated based on the charging end cell differential pressure: the method is suitable for the charging terminal, and the equalization time length is estimated relatively accurately.
The 4 equalization time length evaluation modes are characterized in that the equalization time length is evaluated based on OCV from accuracy ranking > based on lithium iron phosphate characteristic points > based on charging terminal cell voltage difference > based on cell voltage difference.
The invention comprehensively uses the 4 equalizing time length assessment modes, thereby further improving the accuracy of the equalizing time length.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the driving equalization method comprises the following steps: and determining the driving balance duration and balancing based on the driving balance duration.
Preferably, the driving equalization method further includes: before the driving balance time is determined, the vehicle is started.
Preferably, the driving equalization method further includes: if the equalization time length reaches the equalization time length required by the driving, ending equalization; if the time length for balancing does not reach the balancing time length required by driving, the vehicle is powered down, and the balancing residual time length is stored. Balance remaining time = required balance time-already balanced time.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the method for determining the driving equilibrium time length comprises the following steps: if the vehicle startsBefore, if the vehicle standing time is more than the first time, the equalization period T is estimated based on the OCV ocv The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If the vehicle standing time is shorter than the first time before the vehicle is started, acquiring the last balanced remaining time length T Residual of And estimate the equalization time period T based on the cell voltage difference estimation Differential pressure The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If judge T Differential pressure Less than T Residual of Then T is taken as Differential pressure As the equalization time length T, if the differential pressure T is not less than T Residual of Then T is taken as Residual of And T Correction The sum of (2) is taken as an equalization duration T; wherein T is Correction Is based on T Differential pressure Is used for the time correction parameters of the system.
The driving equalization duration may be determined by a battery management system. And T is Residual of ＜T＜T Differential pressure ，T＝T Residual of +T Correction 。
The method can solve the problem that the equilibrium time cannot be confirmed because the vehicle is not kept still in a continuous working state.
Preferably, the first time is 1.9-2.1h, e.g. 1.9h, 2h or 2.1h etc., preferably 2h.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the charge equalization method includes: and (3) determining the charge balance duration, balancing based on the charge balance duration, and correcting the charge balance duration.
Preferably, the charge equalization method further includes: before determining the charge equalization period, the vehicle is charged.
Preferably, the charge equalization method further includes: if the equalizing time length reaches the equalizing time length required by charging, ending the equalization; and if the time length for balancing does not reach the balancing time length required by driving, the vehicle is charged, and the balance residual time length is stored. Balance remaining time = required balance time-already balanced time.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the method for determining the driving equilibrium time length comprises the following steps: if the vehicle standing time is above the second time before the vehicle starts, the equalization period T is estimated based on the OCV ocv The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If the vehicle is started, the vehicle is kept still for a period of timeIf the second time is shorter than the second time, the remaining time length T of the last equalization is obtained Residual of And estimate the equalization time period T based on the cell voltage difference estimation Differential pressure The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If judge T Differential pressure Less than T Residual of Then T is taken as Differential pressure As the equalization time length T, if the differential pressure T is not less than T Residual of Then T is taken as Residual of And T Correction The sum of (2) is taken as an equalization duration T; wherein T is Correction Is based on T Differential pressure Is used for the time correction parameters of the system.
The determination of the driving equilibrium time length can be realized by a battery management system. And T is Residual of ＜T＜T Differential pressure ，T＝T Residual of +T Correction 。
Preferably, the second time is 1.9-2.1h, e.g. 1.9h, 2h or 2.1h etc., preferably 2h.
Preferably, the method for correcting the charge equalization duration includes:
judging whether the battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery, if so, evaluating the balanced duration T lithium iron phosphate based on the characteristic points of the lithium iron phosphate; judging whether the equalization time length T is greater than T Lithium iron phosphate If yes, let t=t Lithium iron phosphate The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If not, based on T Lithium iron phosphate Correcting the equalization time length T to obtain a new equalization time length T; t (T) Old one ＜T New type ＜T Lithium iron phosphate ，T New type ＝T Old one +T Repair tool ；
If the battery is not a lithium iron phosphate battery, evaluating the equalization duration T end based on the voltage difference of the battery cells at the charging end, and judging whether the equalization duration T is greater than T or not Terminal end If yes, let t=t Terminal end The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If not, based on T Terminal end Correcting the equalization time length T to obtain a new equalization time length T; t (T) Old one ＜T New type ＜T Terminal end ，T New type ＝T Old one +T Repair tool 。
In the invention, the characteristic point of the lithium iron phosphate means that the characteristic point can be used for estimating the actual capacity of the lithium iron phosphate and the equalization time T because the lithium iron phosphate dQ/dV curve has a special inflection point and the battery capacity of the inflection point is consistent Phosphoric acidLithium iron 。
The above-described correction of the charge equalization period may be implemented by the power management system.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the short-time storage equalization method comprises the following steps: and determining the short-time storage equalization time length and performing equalization based on the short-time storage equalization time length.
Preferably, the short-time storage equalization method further comprises: before determining the short-time storage equalization time length, vehicle storage is performed.
Preferably, the short-time storage equalization method further comprises: if the equalization time length reaches the equalization time length required by short-time storage, ending equalization; and if the time length for balancing does not reach the balancing time length required by short-time storage, starting or charging the vehicle, and storing the balancing residual time length. The time for ending the recording equalization is Y. Balance remaining time = required balance time-already balanced time.
Preferably, the method for determining the short-time storage equalization time length comprises the following steps: after the vehicle storage time reaches the third time, the battery management system wakes up, and evaluates the duration T based on the OCV ocv Let equalization duration t=t ocv . The wake-up of the battery management system wake-up may be a low power wake-up.
Preferably, the third time is 1.9-2.1h, e.g. 1.9h, 2h or 2.1h etc., preferably 2h.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the long-term storage equalization method includes: wake-up time calculation, long-term equalization duration determination, and equalization based on long-term storage equalization duration.
Preferably, the method for long-term storage equalization further comprises: the equalization time length reaches the long-term storage equalization time length, equalization is temporarily ended, whether the long-term storage equalization ending condition is reached is judged, and if yes, long-term storage equalization is completely ended; if not, repeating the long-term storage balancing method.
The complete end of long-term storage equalization means that equalization is not repeated in the present long-term storage process.
Preferably, the long-term storage equalization end condition includes reaching a set SOC and/or number of equalization. The end condition is adopted to prevent the equalization from causing the SOC power to be too low, and the number of times of equalization is controlled to be stored for a long time.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the method for calculating the wake-up time comprises the following steps: obtaining a wake-up time interval y according to y= (Q multiplied by T)/(C multiplied by delta K), wherein Q is the equalization capacity, C is the battery capacity, delta K is the self-discharge rate difference, T is the equalization duration, and the initial value is set; the last equalization is completed at time point Y, and the wake-up time is y+y.
The completion time point Y can be obtained by a short-time storage equalization duration determination method.
Preferably, the method for determining the long-term equalization duration includes: after reaching the wake-up time, the battery management system wakes up, and evaluates the duration T based on the OCV ocv Let equalization duration t=t ocv . The wake-up of the battery management system wake-up may be a low power wake-up.
By the method, the problem of balanced management in long-time storage can be solved, the optimal balanced starting time is determined, the problem that long-time storage cannot be balanced is avoided, and repeated awakening is avoided to determine balance during storage.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the method, the method comprises a driving equalization method, a charge equalization method, a short-time storage equalization method and a long-time storage equalization method;
the driving equalization method comprises the following steps: determining a driving balance time length and balancing based on the driving balance time length; if the equalization time length reaches the equalization time length required by the driving, ending equalization; if the time length for balancing does not reach the balancing time length required by driving, powering down the vehicle, and storing balancing residual time length;
The method for determining the driving equalization duration comprises the following steps: if the vehicle standing time is more than 2 hours before the vehicle starts, the battery management system evaluates the equalization duration T based on the OCV ocv The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If the vehicle standing time is less than 2 hours before the vehicle is started, the battery management system acquires the last balanced remaining time T Residual of And based on the cell voltageDifferential evaluation and equalization time period T Differential pressure The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If judge T Differential pressure Less than T Residual of Then T is taken as Differential pressure As the equalization time length T, if the differential pressure T is not less than T Residual of Then T is taken as Residual of And T Correction The sum of (2) is taken as an equalization duration T; wherein T is Correction Is based on T Differential pressure A correction parameter of the time of (a);
the charge equalization method comprises the following steps: determining a charge balance time length, balancing based on the charge balance time length, and correcting the charge balance time length; if the equalizing time length reaches the equalizing time length required by charging, ending the equalization; if the time length for balancing does not reach the balancing time length required by driving, the vehicle is charged, and the balancing residual time length is stored;
the method for determining the driving equalization duration comprises the following steps: if the vehicle standing time is more than 2 hours before the vehicle starts, the battery management system evaluates the equalization duration T based on the OCV ocv The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If the vehicle standing time is less than 2 hours before the vehicle is started, the battery management system acquires the last balanced remaining time T Residual of And estimate the equalization time period T based on the cell voltage difference estimation Differential pressure The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If judge T Differential pressure Less than T Residual of Then T is taken as Differential pressure As the equalization time length T, if the differential pressure T is not less than T Residual of Then T is taken as Residual of And T Correction The sum of (2) is taken as an equalization duration T; wherein T is Correction Is based on T Differential pressure A correction parameter of the time of (a);
the method for correcting the charge balance duration comprises the following steps:
judging whether the battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery, if so, evaluating the balanced duration T lithium iron phosphate based on the characteristic points of the lithium iron phosphate by a battery management system; judging whether the equalization time length T is greater than T Lithium iron phosphate If yes, let t=t Lithium iron phosphate The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If not, the battery management system is based on T Lithium iron phosphate Correcting the equalization time length T to obtain a new equalization time length T;
if the battery is not the lithium iron phosphate battery, the battery management system evaluates the equalization duration T end based on the battery cell voltage difference of the charging end, and judges bothWhether the balance time period T is greater than T Terminal end If yes, let t=t Terminal end The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If not, the battery management system is based on T Terminal end Correcting the equalization time length T to obtain a new equalization time length T;
the short-time storage equalization method comprises the following steps: determining short-time storage equalization time length and performing equalization based on the short-time storage equalization time length; if the equalization time length reaches the equalization time length required by short-time storage, ending equalization; if the time length for balancing does not reach the time length for balancing needed by short-time storage, starting or charging the vehicle, and storing the balance residual time length;
the method for determining the short-time storage equalization time length comprises the following steps: after the vehicle storage time reaches 2 hours, the battery management system wakes up, and the time length T is estimated based on OCV ocv Let equalization duration t=t ocv ；
The long-term storage equalization method comprises the following steps: calculating wake-up time, determining long-term equalization time length and performing equalization based on long-term storage equalization time length; the equalization time length reaches the long-term storage equalization time length, equalization is temporarily ended, whether the long-term storage equalization ending condition is reached is judged, and if yes, long-term storage equalization is completely ended; if not, repeating the long-term storage balancing method;
the wake-up time calculation method comprises the following steps: the battery management system obtains a wake-up time interval y according to y= (Q multiplied by T)/(C multiplied by delta K), wherein Q is the equalization capacity, C is the battery capacity, delta K is the self-discharge rate difference, T is the equalization duration, and the initial value is set; the finishing time point of the last equalization is Y, and the wake-up time is Y+y;
The method for determining the long-time equalization duration comprises the following steps: after reaching the wake-up time, the battery management system wakes up, and evaluates the duration T based on the OCV ocv Let equalization duration t=t ocv 。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention adopts various schemes to determine the equalization time so that the equalization time is more accurate, thereby achieving reasonable management of the equalization time.
(2) The invention can solve the problem that the equilibrium time cannot be confirmed because the vehicle is not in a standing state because the vehicle is in a continuous working state.
(3) The invention can solve the problem of equalization management in long-time storage, determine the optimal equalization starting time, avoid the problem that the long-time storage cannot be equalized, and avoid the need of repeated awakening to determine equalization in the storage process. Drawings
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a driving equalization method provided in embodiment 1;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for determining a driving equilibrium duration provided in embodiment 1;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a charge equalization method provided in embodiment 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of an equalization duration evaluation based on lithium iron phosphate feature points in the charge equalization duration correction method provided in embodiment 1;
fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of the charge equalization duration correction method according to embodiment 1, wherein the equalization duration is estimated based on the differential pressure of the battery cells at the charge end;
Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a short-time storage equalization method provided in embodiment 1;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of a long-term storage equalization method provided in embodiment 1.
Detailed Description
For better illustrating the present invention, the technical scheme of the present invention is convenient to understand, and the present invention is further described in detail below. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to represent or limit the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
OCV is Open circuit voltage =open circuit voltage.
T Residual of The remaining equalization duration of the last equalization can be directly obtained from the BMS storage.
The T differential pressure is the maximum cell voltage acquired by the battery management system.
The following are exemplary but non-limiting examples of the invention:
example 1
The embodiment provides an equalization duration management method for full-time equalization of a vehicle, which comprises the following specific steps:
the driving equalization method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the vehicle starts.
Step 2: equalization duration evaluation: if the vehicle is not allowed to stand for more than 2 hours before starting, the equalization time length T based on OCV evaluation cannot be obtained ocv At this time, the battery management system may obtain the last balancing remaining time period T Residual of The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Battery management system evaluates equalization duration T based on cell voltage difference Differential pressure The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Battery management system judgment T Differential pressure Whether or not it is smaller than T Residual of If yes, then at T Differential pressure As the time period T for which equalization is required. If not, then at T Residual of +T Correction As the equalization duration. Wherein T is Correction Is based on T Differential pressure Is used for the time correction parameters of the system. So it gives T Residual of ＜T＝T Residual of +T Correction ＜T Differential pressure . If the vehicle is stationary for 2 hours before starting, the battery management system evaluates the duration T based on the OCV ocv By T ocv As the equalization period T.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the SOC corresponding to the highest monomer and the lowest monomer respectively may be obtained by OCV table lookup, and the difference Δsoc between the two SOCs may be obtained by calculating the two SOC values, so as to calculate the capacity difference Δc between the highest monomer and the lowest monomer, Δc= Δsoc×c, where C is the monomer capacity.
After obtaining ΔC, the equalization efficiency P of the battery management system is a known constant value, T ocv = Δc/P. Step 3: equalization: and (5) balancing based on the balancing duration T obtained in the step (2).
Step 4: and ending the equalization when the equalization time length reaches T. And if the balanced duration does not reach T, powering down the vehicle, and storing the balanced residual duration. Balance remaining time = required balance time-already balanced time.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the driving equalization method provided in the present embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for determining the driving equilibrium duration according to the present embodiment.
The charge equalization method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the vehicle is charged.
Step 2: equalization duration evaluation: if the vehicle is not allowed to stand for more than 2 hours before starting, the equalization time length T based on OCV evaluation cannot be obtained ocv At this time, the battery management system acquires the last balancing remaining time period T Residual of The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Battery management system evaluates equalization duration T based on cell voltage difference Differential pressure The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Battery management system judgment T Differential pressure Whether or not it is smaller than T Residual of If yes, then at T Differential pressure As the time period T for which equalization is required. If not, then at T Residual of +T Correction As the equalization duration. Wherein T is Correction Is based on T Differential pressure Is used for the time correction parameters of the system. So it gives T Residual of ＜T＝T Residual of +T Correction ＜T Differential pressure . If the vehicle is stationary for 2 hours before starting, the battery management system evaluates the duration T based on the OCV ocv By T ocv As the equalization period T.
In one embodiment of the invention, T Differential pressure The method comprises the following steps of: obtaining the maximum monomer voltage Vmax and the minimum monomer voltage Vmin, calculating the voltage difference between the maximum monomer voltage Vmax and the minimum monomer voltage Vmin and recording the voltage difference as V Differential pressure ，V Differential pressure The corresponding capacity difference can be obtained by looking up a table or by a battery model, simply f (V Differential pressure )＝f(△C Differential pressure ) Is a function of (2). From this, the equalization time T can be known Differential pressure ＝△C Differential pressure Equalization efficiency P.
Step 3: equalization: and (5) balancing based on the balancing duration T obtained in the step (2).
Step 4: judging whether the battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery: if the battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery, the battery management system estimates the equalization duration T based on the characteristic points of the lithium iron phosphate Lithium iron phosphate . Judging whether the equalization time T is greater than T Lithium iron phosphate If yes, let t=t Lithium iron phosphate . If not, based on T Lithium iron phosphate Correcting the equalization time T to obtain new equalization time T, and then T Old one ＜T New type ＝T Old one +T Repair tool ＜T Lithium iron phosphate 。
Step 5: charging end correction: balanced duration T based on charging terminal cell voltage difference evaluation Terminal end Judging whether the equalization time T is greater than T Terminal end If yes, let t=t Terminal end . If not, based on T Terminal end Correcting the equalization time T to obtain new equalization time T, and then T Old one ＜T New type ＝T Old one +T Repair tool ＜T Terminal end 。
Step 6: and when the equalization time length reaches T, ending equalization, and if the equalization time length does not reach T charge, storing the equalization residual time length, wherein the equalization residual time length=the needed equalization time length-the equalized time length.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the charge equalization method provided in the present embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of an equalization time period estimation based on lithium iron phosphate feature points in the charge equalization time period correction method provided in this embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of the charge equalization duration correction method according to the present embodiment, where the equalization duration is estimated based on the voltage difference of the battery cells at the charge end.
The short-time storage equalization method comprises the following steps:
step 1: and storing the vehicle.
Step 2: equalization duration evaluation: the vehicle storage time is two hours, the battery management system wakes up with low power, and the time length T is estimated based on OCV ocv Let equalization duration t=t ocv 。
Step 3: equalization: and (5) balancing based on the balancing duration T obtained in the step (2).
Step 4: and finishing equalization when the equalization duration reaches T, and recording the time at the moment as Y. And if the balanced duration does not reach T, starting or charging the vehicle, and storing the balanced residual duration. Balance remaining time = required balance time-already balanced time.
Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of the short-time storage equalization method provided in this embodiment.
The long-term storage equalization method comprises the following steps:
step 1: calculating wake-up time: the battery management system obtains a wake-up time interval y according to y= (Q multiplied by T)/(C multiplied by delta K), wherein Q is the equalization capacity, C is the battery capacity, delta K is the self-discharge rate difference, T is the equalization duration, and the initial value is set; the finishing time point of the last equalization is Y (the finishing time point Y can be obtained by a short-time storage equalization time length determining method), and the wake-up time is Y+y.
Step 2: equalization duration evaluation: when the time reaches Y+y, the battery management system wakes up with low power, and the time length T is estimated based on OCV ocv Let equalization duration t=t ocv 。
Step 3: equalization: and (3) balancing based on the balancing duration T obtained in the step (2), ending balancing when the balancing duration reaches T, and recording the time at the moment as Y.
Step 4: and (3) equalization judgment: and (3) whether the equalization ending condition is reached, if so, ending the long-term equalization. Otherwise, repeating the step 1. (the equalization end condition may be a set SOC or the number of equalization for the purpose of preventing equalization from causing the SOC to be too low, controlling the number of equalization stored for a long time)
Fig. 7 is a flowchart of the long-term storage balancing method provided in this embodiment.
Example 2
This example manages the equalization duration for full time equalization for a vehicle employing a lithium iron phosphate battery in accordance with the method of example 1.
The driving equalization method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the vehicle starts.
Step 2: equalization duration evaluation: the vehicle is left standing for 2 hours before starting, and the battery management system evaluates the duration T based on the OCV ocv The calculation process is as follows: obtaining voltage U of a monomer needing balancing after standing, obtaining real capacity C by checking an OCV table, and estimating balancing target capacity C by BMS, wherein T is OCV = (C target-C true)/Q (Q is equalization capability). By T ocv As the equalization period T.
Step 3: equalization: and (5) balancing based on the balancing duration T obtained in the step (2).
Step 4: in this embodiment, equalization is ended when the equalization duration reaches T.
The charge equalization method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the vehicle is charged.
Step 2: equalization duration evaluation: before starting, the vehicle stands still for 2 hours, and the battery management system evaluates the duration T based on the OCV ocv The calculation process comprises the following steps: obtaining voltage U of a monomer needing balancing after standing, obtaining real capacity C by checking an OCV table, and estimating balancing target capacity C by BMS, wherein T is OCV = (ctarget—ctrue)/Q (Q is equalization capability), T ocv As the equalization period T.
Step 3: equalization: and (5) balancing based on the balancing duration T obtained in the step (2).
Step 4: judging whether the battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery: the embodiment uses a lithium iron phosphate battery, and the battery management system evaluates the equalization duration T based on the characteristic points of the lithium iron phosphate Lithium iron phosphate (the characteristic point of the lithium iron phosphate battery core needing to be balanced is obtained through the inflection point of DQ/DU, the actual capacity of the inflection point of the lithium iron phosphate is known to be C, and the capacity C needing to be balanced is known to be the time T of the inflection point of the highest single voltage battery 1 Time T to inflection point of lowest cell voltage battery 2 The battery capacity C charged during this time. Equalization time tphosphite = capacity C to be equalized divided by equalization capacity Q). Judging whether the equalization time T is greater than T Lithium iron phosphate If yes, let t=t Lithium iron phosphate . If not, based on T Lithium iron phosphate Correcting the equalization time T to obtain new equalization time T, and then T Old one ＜T New type ＝T Old one +T Repair tool ＜T Lithium iron phosphate 。
The lithium iron phosphate battery has characteristic points, the battery core capacities of the characteristic points are consistent, and the characteristic points of the lithium iron phosphate can be found through D (Q)/D (v). In one embodiment of the present invention, the battery cell 1 and the battery cell 2 are charged, and when the battery cell 1 reaches the characteristic point for the first time, we obtain the capacity C1 corresponding to the characteristic point of the battery cell 1, and the battery cell 1 is continuously charged, and ΔC is charged Lithium iron phosphate When the battery cell 2 reaches the characteristic point corresponding capacity C2, the same lithium iron phosphate has the same characteristic point capacity, so c1=c2, but the battery cell 1 is continuously charged with Δc Lithium iron phosphate So cell 1 and cell2 is DeltaC Lithium iron phosphate 。T Lithium iron phosphate Lithium iron phosphate = - Δc/equilibrium power P.
Step 5: and when the equalization time length reaches T, ending equalization, and if the equalization time length does not reach T charge, storing the equalization residual time length, wherein the equalization residual time length=the needed equalization time length-the equalized time length.
The short-time storage equalization method comprises the following steps:
step 1: and storing the vehicle.
Step 2: equalization duration evaluation: the vehicle storage time is two hours, the battery management system wakes up with low power, and the time length T is estimated based on OCV ocv Let equalization duration t=t ocv 。
Step 3: equalization: and (5) balancing based on the balancing duration T obtained in the step (2).
Step 4: and finishing equalization when the equalization duration reaches T, and recording the time at the moment as Y.
The long-term storage equalization method comprises the following steps:
step 1: calculating wake-up time: the battery management system obtains a wake-up time interval y according to y= (Q multiplied by T)/(C multiplied by delta K), wherein Q is the equalization capacity, C is the battery capacity, delta K is the self-discharge rate difference, T is the equalization duration, and the initial value is set; the last equalization is completed at time point Y, and the wake-up time is y+y.
Step 2: equalization duration evaluation: when the time reaches Y+y, the battery management system wakes up with low power, and the time length T is estimated based on OCV ocv Let equalization duration t=t ocv 。
Step 3: equalization: and (3) balancing based on the balancing duration T obtained in the step (2), ending balancing when the balancing duration reaches T, and recording the time at the moment as Y.
Step 4: and (3) equalization judgment: and (3) whether the equalization ending condition is reached, if so, ending the long-term equalization. And (3) whether the step 1 is repeated. (equalization end condition is set to SOC of 50% or more)
Example 3
This example manages the equalization duration for full time equalization for vehicles using … … nickel cobalt aluminum batteries in accordance with the method of example 1.
The driving equalization method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the vehicle starts.
Step 2: equalization duration evaluation: before starting, the vehicle stands still for less than 2 hours, and the equalization time length T based on OCV evaluation cannot be obtained ocv The battery management system obtains the last balanced remaining time T Residual of The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Battery management system evaluates equalization duration T based on cell voltage difference Differential pressure The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Battery management system judgment T Differential pressure Whether or not it is smaller than T Residual of If yes, then at T Differential pressure As the time period T for which equalization is required. If not, then at T Residual of +T Correction As the equalization duration. Wherein T is Correction Is based on T Differential pressure Is used for the time correction parameters of the system.
In one embodiment of the invention, when T Differential pressure ＞T Residual of When the correction amount is decreased by increasing a correction coefficient K (0 < K < 1). T (T) Correction ＝K(T Differential pressure -T Residual of )。
Step 3: equalization: and (5) balancing based on the balancing duration T obtained in the step (2).
Step 4: and when the equalization time length does not reach T, powering down the vehicle, and storing the remaining equalization time length. Balance remaining time = required balance time-already balanced time.
The charge equalization method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the vehicle is charged.
Step 2: equalization duration evaluation: before starting, the vehicle is kept still for less than 2 hours, and the equalization time length T based on OCV evaluation cannot be obtained ocv At this time, the battery management system acquires the last balancing remaining time period T Residual of The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Battery management system evaluates equalization duration T based on cell voltage difference Differential pressure The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Battery management system judgment T Differential pressure Whether or not it is smaller than T Residual of The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Battery management system evaluates equalization duration T based on cell voltage difference Differential pressure The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Battery management system judgment T Differential pressure Whether or not it is smaller than T Residual of If yes, then at T Differential pressure As the time period T for which equalization is required. If not, then at T Residual of +T Correction As the equalization duration. Wherein T is Correction Is based on T Differential pressure Is used for the time correction parameters of the system.
Step 3: equalization: and (5) balancing based on the balancing duration T obtained in the step (2).
Step 4: judging whether the battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery: in this example, the charging end correction was performed instead of the lithium iron phosphate battery: balanced duration T based on charging terminal cell voltage difference evaluation Terminal end Judging whether the equalization time T is greater than T Terminal end If yes, let t=t Terminal end . If not, based on T Terminal end And correcting the equalization time T to obtain a new equalization time T.
Step 6: and (3) ending the equalization time when the equalization time does not reach the T charge, and storing the equalization residual time, wherein the equalization residual time=the needed equalization time-the equalized time.
The short-time storage equalization method comprises the following steps:
step 1: and storing the vehicle.
Step 2: equalization duration evaluation: the vehicle storage time is two hours, the battery management system wakes up with low power, and the time length T is estimated based on OCV ocv Let equalization duration t=t ocv 。
Step 3: equalization: and (5) balancing based on the balancing duration T obtained in the step (2).
Step 4: and when the equalization time length does not reach T, starting or charging the vehicle, and storing the remaining equalization time length. Balance remaining time = required balance time-already balanced time.
The long-term storage equalization method comprises the following steps:
step 1: calculating wake-up time: the battery management system obtains a wake-up time interval y according to y= (Q multiplied by T)/(C multiplied by delta K), wherein Q is the equalization capacity, C is the battery capacity, delta K is the self-discharge rate difference, T is the equalization duration, and the initial value is set; the last equalization is completed at time point Y, and the wake-up time is y+y.
Step 2: equalization duration evaluation: when the time reaches Y+y, the battery management system wakes up with low power, and the time length T is estimated based on OCV ocv Let equalization duration t=t ocv 。
Step 3: equalization: and (3) balancing based on the balancing duration T obtained in the step (2), ending balancing when the balancing duration reaches T, and recording the time at the moment as Y.
Step 4: and (3) equalization judgment: and (3) whether the equalization ending condition is reached, if so, ending the long-term equalization. And (3) whether the step 1 is repeated. (equalization end condition is the number of equalization times 5 times)
The equalization time length management method for full-time equalization provided by the invention adopts various schemes to determine the equalization time, so that the equalization time is more accurate, and the reasonable management of the equalization time is achieved; the problem that the equilibrium time cannot be confirmed because the vehicle is not kept still is solved; the method can solve the problem of equalization management in long-time storage, determine the optimal equalization starting time, avoid the problem that the long-time storage cannot be equalized, and avoid the need of repeated awakening to determine equalization in the storage process.
The applicant states that the detailed method of the present invention is illustrated by the above examples, but the present invention is not limited to the detailed method described above, i.e. it does not mean that the present invention must be practiced in dependence upon the detailed method described above. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitution of raw materials for the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., falls within the scope of the present invention and the scope of disclosure.

Claims (19)

1. The method is characterized by comprising a driving equalization method, a charge equalization method, a short-time storage equalization method and a long-time storage equalization method;
the method for managing the balanced time length of the full-time balanced battery is characterized in that the method for determining the balanced time length based on the battery cell differential pressure estimation, the method for determining the balanced time length based on the OCV estimation, the method for determining the balanced time length based on the lithium iron phosphate characteristic point estimation and the method for determining the balanced time length based on the battery cell differential pressure estimation at the charging terminal are comprehensively utilized;
the driving equalization method comprises the following steps: determining a driving balance time length and balancing based on the driving balance time length; before the driving balance time is determined, starting the vehicle; if the equalization time length reaches the equalization time length required by the driving, ending equalization; if the time length for balancing does not reach the balancing time length required by driving, powering down the vehicle, and storing balancing residual time length;
the method for determining the driving equalization duration comprises the following steps: if the vehicle standing time is more than the first time before the vehicle starts, the equalization period T is estimated based on the OCV ocv The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If the vehicle standing time is shorter than the first time before the vehicle is started, acquiring the last balanced remaining time length T Residual of And evaluate the equalization time period T based on the cell voltage difference Differential pressure The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If judge T Differential pressure Less than T Residual of Then T is taken as Differential pressure As the equalization time length T, if judgment T Differential pressure Not less than T Residual of Then T is taken as Residual of And T Correction The sum of (2) is taken as an equalization duration T; wherein T is Correction Is based on T Differential pressure And T Correction ＝K(T Differential pressure -T Residual of ) K is a correction coefficient and 0 < K < 1.
2. The method for managing an equalization duration of full-time equalization as set forth in claim 1, wherein said first time is 1.9-2.1h.
3. The equalization duration management method of full-time equalization according to claim 1, characterized in that the charge equalization method comprises: and (3) determining the charge balance duration, balancing based on the charge balance duration, and correcting the charge balance duration.
4. The equalization duration management method of full-time equalization as set forth in claim 3, wherein said charge equalization method further comprises: before determining the charge equalization period, the vehicle is charged.
5. The equalization duration management method of full-time equalization as set forth in claim 3, wherein said charge equalization method further comprises: if the equalizing time length reaches the equalizing time length required by charging, ending the equalization; and if the time length for balancing does not reach the balancing time length required by driving, the vehicle is charged, and the balance residual time length is stored.
6. The method for managing an equalization period of full-time equalization according to claim 3, wherein said method for determining a charge equalization period comprises: if the vehicle standing time is above the second time before the vehicle starts, the equalization period T is estimated based on the OCV ocv The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If the vehicle standing time is less than the second time before the vehicle is started, acquiring the last balancing residual time length T Residual of And evaluate the equalization time period T based on the cell voltage difference Differential pressure The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If judge T Differential pressure Less than T Residual of Then T is taken as Differential pressure As the equalization time length T, if the differential pressure T is not less than T Residual of Then T is taken as Residual of And T Correction The sum of (2) is taken as an equalization duration T; wherein T is Correction Is based on T Differential pressure Is used for the time correction parameters of the system.
7. The method for managing a time length of full-time equalization according to claim 6, wherein said second time is 1.9-2.1h.
8. The method for managing an equalization period of full-time equalization as set forth in claim 3, wherein said method for correcting a charge equalization period comprises:
judging whether the battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery, if so, evaluating the balanced duration T lithium iron phosphate based on the characteristic points of the lithium iron phosphate; judging whether the equalization time length T is greater than T Lithium iron phosphate If yes, let t=t Lithium iron phosphate The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If not, based on T Lithium iron phosphate Correcting the equalization time length T to obtain a new equalization time length T;
if the battery is not a lithium iron phosphate battery, evaluating the equalization duration T end based on the voltage difference of the battery cells at the charging end, and judging whether the equalization duration T is greater than T or not Terminal end If yes, let t=t Terminal end The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If not, based on T Terminal end When the equalization time length T is corrected to obtain new equalizationLong T.
9. The equalization duration management method of full-time equalization according to claim 1, wherein the short-time storage equalization method comprises: and determining the short-time storage equalization time length and performing equalization based on the short-time storage equalization time length.
10. The equalization duration management method of full-time equalization of claim 1, wherein said short-time storage equalization method further comprises: before determining the short-time storage equalization time length, vehicle storage is performed.
11. The equalization duration management method of full-time equalization of claim 1, wherein said short-time storage equalization method further comprises: if the equalization time length reaches the equalization time length required by short-time storage, ending equalization; and if the time length for balancing does not reach the balancing time length required by short-time storage, starting or charging the vehicle, and storing the balancing residual time length.
12. The method for managing the equalization duration of full-time equalization according to claim 9, wherein the method for determining the short-time storage equalization duration comprises: after the vehicle storage time reaches the third time, the battery management system wakes up, and evaluates the duration T based on the OCV ocv Let equalization duration t=t ocv 。
13. The method for managing a time length of full-time equalization according to claim 12, wherein the third time is 1.9-2.1h.
14. The full-time balanced duration management method according to claim 1, wherein the long-time storage balanced method includes: wake-up time calculation, long-term equalization duration determination, and equalization based on long-term storage equalization duration.
15. The method for managing a balanced duration for full-time balancing according to claim 1, wherein the method for storing the balancing for a long time further comprises: the equalization time length reaches the long-term storage equalization time length, equalization is temporarily ended, whether the long-term storage equalization ending condition is reached is judged, and if yes, long-term storage equalization is completely ended; if not, repeating the long-term storage balancing method.
16. The method for managing an equalization duration of full-time equalization according to claim 15, wherein said storing the equalization end condition for a long time includes reaching a set SOC and/or number of equalization times.
17. The method for managing an equalization duration of full-time equalization of claim 14, wherein said method for calculating a wake-up time comprises: obtaining a wake-up time interval y according to y= (Q multiplied by T)/(C multiplied by delta K), wherein Q is the equalization capacity, C is the battery capacity, delta K is the self-discharge rate difference, T is the equalization duration, and the initial value is set; the last equalization is completed at time point Y, and the wake-up time is y+y.
18. The method for managing an equalization duration of full-time equalization according to claim 14, wherein said method for determining an equalization duration of long-time equalization comprises: after reaching the wake-up time, the battery management system wakes up, and evaluates the duration T based on the OCV ocv Let equalization duration t=t ocv 。
19. The balanced duration management method of full-time balancing according to claim 1, wherein the method includes a driving balancing method, a charge balancing method, a short-time storage balancing method, and a long-time storage balancing method;
the driving equalization method comprises the following steps: determining a driving balance time length and balancing based on the driving balance time length; if the equalization time length reaches the equalization time length required by the driving, ending equalization; if the time length for balancing does not reach the balancing time length required by driving, powering down the vehicle, and storing balancing residual time length;
The method for determining the driving equalization duration comprises the following steps: if the vehicle standing time is more than 2 hours before the vehicle starts, the battery management system evaluates the equalization duration T based on the OCV ocv The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If the vehicle standing time is less than 2 hours before the vehicle is started, the battery management system acquires the last balanced remaining time T Residual of And evaluate the equalization time period T based on the cell voltage difference Differential pressure The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If judge T Differential pressure Less than T Residual of Then T is taken as Differential pressure As the equalization time length T, if the differential pressure T is not less than T Residual of Then T is taken as Residual of And T Correction The sum of (2) is taken as an equalization duration T; wherein T is Correction Is based on T Differential pressure And T Correction ＝K(T Differential pressure -T Residual of ) K is a correction coefficient and K is more than 0 and less than 1;
the charge equalization method comprises the following steps: determining a charge balance time length, balancing based on the charge balance time length, and correcting the charge balance time length; if the equalizing time length reaches the equalizing time length required by charging, ending the equalization; if the time length for balancing does not reach the balancing time length required by driving, the vehicle is charged, and the balancing residual time length is stored;
the method for determining the charge balance duration comprises the following steps: if the vehicle standing time is more than 2 hours before the vehicle starts, the battery management system evaluates the equalization duration T based on the OCV ocv The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If the vehicle standing time is less than 2 hours before the vehicle is started, the battery management system acquires the last balanced remaining time T Residual of And evaluate the equalization time period T based on the cell voltage difference Differential pressure The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If judge T Differential pressure Less than T Residual of Then T is taken as Differential pressure As the equalization time length T, if the differential pressure T is not less than T Residual of Then T is taken as Residual of And T Correction The sum of (2) is taken as an equalization duration T; wherein T is Correction Is based on T Differential pressure A correction parameter of the time of (a);
the method for correcting the charge balance duration comprises the following steps:
judging whether the battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery, if so, evaluating balance of the battery management system based on lithium iron phosphate characteristic pointsLong T lithium iron phosphate; judging whether the equalization time length T is greater than T Lithium iron phosphate If yes, let t=t Lithium iron phosphate The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If not, the battery management system is based on T Lithium iron phosphate Correcting the equalization time length T to obtain a new equalization time length T;
if the battery is not a lithium iron phosphate battery, the battery management system evaluates the equalization duration T end based on the battery cell voltage difference of the charging end, and judges whether the equalization duration T is greater than T Terminal end If yes, let t=t Terminal end The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If not, the battery management system is based on T Terminal end Correcting the equalization time length T to obtain a new equalization time length T;
The short-time storage equalization method comprises the following steps: determining short-time storage equalization time length and performing equalization based on the short-time storage equalization time length; if the equalization time length reaches the equalization time length required by short-time storage, ending equalization; if the time length for balancing does not reach the time length for balancing needed by short-time storage, starting or charging the vehicle, and storing the balance residual time length;
the method for determining the short-time storage equalization time length comprises the following steps: after the vehicle storage time reaches 2 hours, the battery management system wakes up, and the time length T is estimated based on OCV ocv Let equalization duration t=t ocv ；
The long-term storage equalization method comprises the following steps: calculating wake-up time, determining long-term equalization time length and performing equalization based on long-term storage equalization time length; the equalization time length reaches the long-term storage equalization time length, equalization is temporarily ended, whether the long-term storage equalization ending condition is reached is judged, and if yes, long-term storage equalization is completely ended; if not, repeating the long-term storage balancing method;
the wake-up time calculation method comprises the following steps: the battery management system obtains a wake-up time interval y according to y= (Q multiplied by T)/(C multiplied by delta K), wherein Q is the equalization capacity, C is the battery capacity, delta K is the self-discharge rate difference, T is the equalization duration, and the initial value is set; the finishing time point of the last equalization is Y, and the wake-up time is Y+y;
The method for determining the long-time equalization duration comprises the following steps: after reaching the wake-up time, the battery management system wakes up based onOCV evaluation duration T ocv Let equalization duration t=t ocv 。
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