CN113599863B - Early warning type anti-blocking method for column type rake-free paste thickener - Google Patents

Early warning type anti-blocking method for column type rake-free paste thickener Download PDF

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CN113599863B
CN113599863B CN202110931868.3A CN202110931868A CN113599863B CN 113599863 B CN113599863 B CN 113599863B CN 202110931868 A CN202110931868 A CN 202110931868A CN 113599863 B CN113599863 B CN 113599863B
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concentration
ore pulp
pressure
thickener
pulp
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CN113599863A (en
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王俊祥
吕宪俊
李琳
曹晓强
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
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    • B01D21/02—Settling tanks with single outlets for the separated liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

The invention discloses an early warning type anti-blocking method for a column type rake-free paste thickener, which comprises the following steps: (1) determining an upper limit value of the conveying concentration of the ore pulp; (2) collecting pressure values of the lower end and the upper end of a thickener discharge well; (3) establishing a relation between the pressure gauge difference and the concentration of ore pulp in a discharge well of the thickener; (4) the underflow concentration of the thickener is monitored in real time and prevented from being blocked in an early warning mode; the lower part of the thickener body is provided with a plurality of high-pressure water pressure pipelines, and each high-pressure water pressure pipeline is provided with an electric control valve which is connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller) control device; converting the pressure values measured by the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge to obtain the real-time concentration C of ore pulp in the discharge well of the thickenerx(ii) a The PLC control device compares the concentration C of the ore pulpxWith a set upper concentration limit CUpper part ofAnd determining whether to send out early warning or output a signal for opening and closing the high-pressure water valve. The invention can realize the real-time monitoring of the concentration of discharged materials of the thickener, has strong operability and can effectively avoid blockage.

Description

Early warning type anti-blocking method for column type rake-free paste thickener
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of anti-blocking of thickeners, in particular to an early-warning type anti-blocking method of a column type rake-free paste thickener, which is suitable for concentration of low-concentration fine-grained tailings.
Background
The thickener is one of the most commonly used tailing concentrating and dewatering equipment in mines, and is an important guarantee for ensuring the utilization of selected factory return water and safe and efficient disposal of tailings. As is known to all, the height-diameter ratio and the bottom cone angle of the traditional rake thickener are smaller, and the rake frame plays a crucial role in smooth discharge of underflow, but when the underflow concentration of the thickener is higher, the rake pressing phenomenon often occurs, and serious influence is brought to enterprise production. In order to overcome the problems, the operation smoothness and safety of the traditional rake type thickener are improved by means of measures such as improving the driving force of a rake frame, designing an automatic rake lifting protection device and the like in the industry, but the manufacturing cost of the thickener is also increased continuously.
In recent years, various mine enterprises begin to adopt the technical scheme of cyclone classification and vibrating screen dehydration to treat tailings aiming at the difficult problems that the storage capacity of a tailing pond is gradually reduced and a large amount of tailings cannot be safely treated. Namely, after the tailings are classified by a hydrocyclone, the coarse-grained tailings (underflow of the hydrocyclone) are dehydrated by a vibrating screen and sold as construction sand or other products, and the rest fine-grained tailings (including overflow of the hydrocyclone and undersize products of the vibrating screen) are subjected to concentration and dehydration treatment by a thickener. However, because the settling distance is too short, the traditional rake thickener cannot concentrate the low-concentration fine tailings left after classification to an ideal state, and clear backwater cannot be obtained for utilization.
Aiming at the problems, the development and the utilization of the column type harrow-free paste thickener provide a solution for the efficient concentration and dehydration of low-concentration fine-grained tailings. By means of a flocculating agent multi-stage, multi-point and multi-level dosing process, the column type rake-free paste thickener can quickly concentrate low-concentration ore pulp into paste-like bodies or paste-like bodies, and provides feasibility for the thickener to be used as a filling raw material for underground dead areas or used for other purposes. However, because a rake frame structure is cancelled, when the column type harrow-free paste thickener is discharged from the underflow, the pulp pressure head is completely used as a driving force, and when the concentration of the underflow of the thickener is higher, blockage is easily caused. When the bottom flow discharge of the column type harrow-free paste thickener is not smooth or is blocked, the conventional solution is to adopt high-pressure water to perform back flushing, and the thickener recovers a smooth discharge state after diluting high-concentration ore pulp. However, the method is time-consuming, labor-consuming and free of foresight, problems can be found after the thickener is blocked, the stability and the continuity of field production are seriously affected, and the main reason is that the concentration of the underflow of the thickener cannot be monitored in real time and high-concentration early warning is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems, the invention provides an early warning type anti-blocking method for a column type rake-free paste thickener, which is characterized in that on the basis of pressure monitoring of the upper end and the lower end of a discharge well of the column type rake-free paste thickener, a concentration value is converted, and a high-pressure water pressure pipeline is arranged in a matched manner, so that the integrated functions of real-time monitoring of the underflow concentration of the column type rake-free paste thickener, high concentration early warning and anti-blocking are realized.
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
an early warning type anti-blocking method for a column type rake-free paste thickener comprises the following steps:
(1) determining an upper limit value of a pulp transport concentration
1) Based on the pulp concentration CxAnd its yield stress tau0The ore pulp yield stress tau with different concentrations is measured in a one-to-one corresponding relation with the viscosity mu0And viscosity mu, respectively0And viscosity μ and concentration CxEquation of the relation (c):
τ0＝f1(Cx) (1)
μ＝f2(Cx) (2)
2) the fine particle paste ore pulp conforms to the characteristics of Bingham plastic body under high shearing rate, and the on-way resistance of the ore pulp during conveying in a pipeline with unit length is calculated by means of the Bojinhan equation:
Figure GDA0003670766510000021
wherein i is a fluid resistance loss per unit length, Pa/m;
τ0is the pulp yield stress, Pa;
v is the flow velocity of ore pulp in m/s;
mu is the pulp viscosity, Pa.s;
d is the pipe diameter m;
substituting equations (1) and (2) into equation (3) yields:
Figure GDA0003670766510000022
3) calculating the on-way resistance of the ore pulp when conveyed in the pipeline according to the length of the pipeline:
PZ＝iL (5)
in the formula, PZThe on-way resistance is Pa when ore pulp is conveyed in a pipeline;
l is the equivalent pipe length, m;
substituting equation (4) into equation (5) yields:
Figure GDA0003670766510000023
4) calculating the power of the ore pulp during self-flowing conveying in the pipeline according to the vertical height difference of the pipeline:
PD＝ρxgh (7)
in the formula, PDThe power Pa is the power of the ore pulp during self-flowing conveying in the pipeline;
ρxis the density of ore pulp in kg/m3；
g is the gravity acceleration, N/kg;
h is the vertical height difference m between the inlet and the outlet of the filling pipeline;
in addition, based on pulp density ρxWith pulp concentration CxThe one-to-one correspondence relationship is obtained:
Figure GDA0003670766510000024
in the formula, ρ0Is the true density of the dry-base tailings in the pulp, kg/m3；
5) According to the residual pressure head P of the pipelineYDetermining the upper concentration limit C during ore pulp conveyingOn the upper part：
PY＝PD-PZ (9)
In order to ensure the smooth conveying of the ore pulp in the pipeline, the ore pulp needs to have a certain residual pressure head after being conveyed by the pipeline, and the larger the ore pulp concentration is, the smaller the residual pressure head is;
substituting equations (6) to (8) into equation (9) yields:
Figure GDA0003670766510000031
in the formula, when ore pulps with different concentrations are conveyed in the same pipeline, the residual pressure head PYWith pulp concentration CxIn one-to-one correspondence relationship, and the true density rho of the dry-base tailings in the ore pulp0The gravity acceleration g, the vertical height difference h of the pipeline, the pipe diameter D, the equivalent length L and the pulp flow velocity v are known; thus, in determining the oreResidual pressure head P for slurry pipeline transportationYUnder the condition of (3), the upper concentration limit C of the ore pulp in the pipeline during conveying can be determined according to the assignment of the residual pressure headOn the upper part；
(2) Collecting pressure values of the lower end and the upper end of a thickener discharge well
The thickener discharging well is connected with the lower part of the body, the lower end of the thickener discharging well is provided with a first pressure gauge, the upper end of the discharging well is provided with a second pressure gauge, and the pressure values of the lower end and the upper end of the thickener discharging well are collected in real time through the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge;
(3) establishing the relation between the pressure gauge difference and the concentration of ore pulp in the discharge well of the thickener
1) The difference value of first pressure gauge and second pressure gauge and ore pulp density one-to-one in the row's of expecting well get:
ΔP＝P1-P2＝ρxghx (11)
in the formula, P1The pressure at the section of the first pressure gauge is Pa;
P2the pressure at the section of the second pressure gauge is Pa;
delta P is the pressure difference between the cross sections of the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge, Pa;
ρxthe density of ore pulp in a thickener discharging well is kg/m3；
g is the gravity acceleration, N/kg;
hxis the vertical height difference between the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge, m;
based on pulp density rhoxWith pulp concentration CxA one-to-one correspondence, see equation (8), combining equation (8) with equation (11), yields:
Figure GDA0003670766510000032
the formula (12) is obtained through deformation, and the concentration of ore pulp in the discharging well of the thickener is as follows:
Figure GDA0003670766510000033
(4) real-time monitoring and early warning type anti-blocking of underflow concentration of thickener
1) The lower part of the thickener body is provided with a plurality of high-pressure water pressure pipelines, and each high-pressure water pressure pipeline is provided with an electric control valve which is connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller) control device;
2) inputting the true density rho of the dry-base tailings in the ore pulp into a PLC control device0Height difference h between the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gaugexAnd g basic parameters of gravity acceleration, and the concentration upper limit C calculated based on ore pulp conveying in the pipeline is setOn the upper part；
3) By a first pressure count value P1And a second pressure count value P2As an input signal of the PLC control device;
4) after pressure value signals measured by the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge are input into the PLC control device, the real-time concentration C of ore pulp in the discharge well of the thickener is obtained through calculationx；
5) Pulp concentration C obtained by PLC control device through comparisonxWith a set upper concentration limit COn the upper partAnd determining whether to send out early warning or output a signal for opening and closing the high-pressure water valve.
Preferably, the residual pressure head of the paste ore pulp can be set to be 0.02-0.2 MPa.
Preferably, the high-pressure water pressure pipelines are arranged at 2-8 channels and are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction at the position, 0.5-5 m away from the vertical height of the upper end of the discharge well, of the lower part of the thickener body, the high-pressure water pressure pipelines are arranged in a downward inclined mode and form an included angle of 45-60 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the water flow directions of the high-pressure water pressure pipelines are intersected with the central line of the discharge well.
Preferably, when the pulp concentration C in the discharge wellxBelow the upper concentration limit COn the upper partWhen 95%, the high-pressure water valve is in a closed state; when the pulp concentration C in the discharge well is monitoredxReach the upper limit of the set concentration COn the upper partWhen the concentration is 95%, the PLC control device sends out an early warning signal to prompt that the thickener has a blockage risk; if ore pulp in the discharge wellConcentration CxContinuously rises and exceeds the set concentration upper limit COn the upper partWhen the system is used, the PLC control device sends out an instruction, and high-pressure water is started to dilute ore pulp in the discharge well; concentration C of ore pulp after dilutionxDown to the upper concentration limit CUpper part ofAnd after 95%, the PLC control device sends out an instruction to close the high-pressure water valve, so that excessive dilution of the ore pulp is avoided.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention provides an early warning type anti-blocking method of a thickener with an automatic control function, which is based on the pipeline conveying characteristic parameters of tailing slurry of fine paste, monitors the change of the underflow concentration of the thickener in real time through 2 pressure gauges arranged at the position of a discharge well of the thickener, and can automatically judge whether the thickener has a blocking risk under static and dynamic conditions through comparison with the set upper limit value of the underflow concentration, thereby determining whether high-pressure water needs to be started for diluting the underflow.
The invention has lower cost and strong operability, and reduces the requirement on manpower. Even if the blockage is caused by the sudden increase of the ore pulp concentration of the thickener, the dredging of the thickener can be smoothly finished under the condition of no stopping by means of the dilution effect of high-pressure water, and the stable operation of field production is ensured. In addition, the lower limit value of underflow concentration monitoring is set, so that excessive dilution of ore pulp caused by continuous opening of high-pressure water can be avoided.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description and drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the early warning type anti-blocking in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a device related to the early warning type anti-blocking method of the invention, and the diagram shows the arrangement of a first pressure gauge, a second pressure gauge and a high-pressure water pipeline at different positions of a thickener;
figure 3 shows fitted curves and equations of relationship of fine particle tailing slurry concentration to yield stress and viscosity.
In the figure: 1-a first pressure gauge, 2-a second pressure gauge, 3-a high-pressure water pipeline, 4-a thickener body, 5-a discharge well and 6-a high-pressure water control valve.
Detailed Description
With the attached drawings, the early warning type anti-blocking method of the column type rake-free paste thickener comprises the following steps:
(1) determining an upper limit value of a pulp transport concentration
1) Based on the pulp concentration CxAnd its yield stress tau0The ore pulp yield stress tau with different concentrations is measured in a one-to-one corresponding relation with the viscosity mu0And viscosity mu, respectively0And viscosity μ and concentration CxThe relational equation of (1):
τ0＝f1(Cx) (1)
μ＝f2(Cx) (2)
2) the paste ore pulp conforms to the characteristics of Bingham plastic bodies under high shear rate, and the on-way resistance of the ore pulp during conveying in a pipeline with unit length is calculated by means of the Bongham equation:
Figure GDA0003670766510000051
wherein i is a fluid resistance loss per unit length, Pa/m;
τ0is the pulp yield stress, Pa;
v is the flow rate of the ore pulp, m/s;
mu is the pulp viscosity, Pa · s;
d is the pipe diameter m.
Substituting equations (1) and (2) into equation (3) yields:
Figure GDA0003670766510000052
3) calculating the on-way resistance of the ore pulp when conveyed in the pipeline according to the length of the pipeline:
PZ＝iL (5)
in the formula, PZThe on-way resistance, Pa, of the ore pulp during conveying in the pipeline;
l is the equivalent pipe length, m.
Substituting equation (4) into equation (5) yields:
Figure GDA0003670766510000053
4) calculating the power of the ore pulp during self-flowing conveying in the pipeline according to the vertical height difference of the pipeline:
PD＝ρxgh (7)
in the formula, PDThe power Pa is the power of the ore pulp during self-flowing conveying in the pipeline;
ρxis the density of ore pulp in kg/m3；
g is the gravity acceleration, N/kg;
h is the vertical height difference m between the inlet and the outlet of the filling pipeline.
In addition, based on pulp density ρxWith pulp concentration CxThe one-to-one correspondence relationship is obtained:
Figure GDA0003670766510000061
in the formula, ρ0Is the true density of the dry-base tailings in the pulp, kg/m3。
5) According to the residual pressure head P of the pipelineYDetermining the upper concentration limit C of ore pulp during conveyingOn the upper part：
PY＝PD-PZ (9)
In order to ensure the smooth transportation of the ore pulp in the pipeline, the ore pulp needs to have a certain residual pressure head after being transported by the pipeline, and the larger the ore pulp concentration is, the smaller the residual pressure head is. In general, the residual pressure head of the paste ore pulp can be set to be 0.02-0.2 MPa.
Substituting equations (6) to (8) into equation (9) yields:
Figure GDA0003670766510000062
in which the slurries of different concentrations are conveyed in the same pipelineResidual head PYWith pulp concentration CxIn one-to-one correspondence relationship, and the true density rho of the dry-base tailings in the ore pulp0The gravity acceleration g, the vertical height difference h of the pipeline, the pipe diameter D, the equivalent length L and the pulp flow velocity v are known. Therefore, the residual head P of the ore pulp pipeline transportation is determinedYUnder the condition of (3), the upper concentration limit C of the ore pulp in the pipeline during conveying can be determined according to the assignment of the residual pressure headUpper part of。
(2) Collecting pressure values of the lower end and the upper end of a thickener discharge well
The thickener discharging well is connected with the lower part of the thickener discharging well, a first pressure gauge is arranged at the lower end of the thickener discharging well, a second pressure gauge is arranged at the upper end of the thickener discharging well, and pressure values of the lower end and the upper end of the thickener discharging well are collected in real time through the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge.
(3) Establishing the relation between the pressure gauge difference and the concentration of ore pulp in the discharge well of the thickener
1) The difference value of first pressure gauge and second pressure gauge and ore pulp density one-to-one in the row's of expecting well get:
ΔP＝P1-P2＝ρxghx (11)
in the formula, P1The pressure at the section of the first pressure gauge is Pa;
P2the pressure at the section of the second pressure gauge is Pa;
delta P is the pressure difference between the cross sections of the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge, Pa;
ρxthe density of ore pulp in a thickener discharging well is kg/m3；
g is the gravity acceleration, N/kg;
hxis the vertical height difference, m, between the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge.
Based on pulp density rhoxWith pulp concentration CxA one-to-one correspondence relationship (see equation (8)), combining equation (8) with equation (11) yields:
Figure GDA0003670766510000071
the formula (12) is obtained through deformation, and the concentration of ore pulp in the discharging well of the thickener is as follows:
Figure GDA0003670766510000072
(4) real-time monitoring and early warning type anti-blocking of underflow concentration of thickener
1) 2-8 high-pressure water channels are arranged at the lower part of the thickener body at intervals in the horizontal direction at a position which is 0.5-5 m away from the vertical height of the upper end of the discharge well, the high-pressure water pressure channels are arranged in a downward inclined mode and form an included angle of 45-60 degrees with the horizontal plane, the high-pressure water flow directions intersect at the central line of the discharge well, in addition, each high-pressure water channel is provided with an electric control valve, and the electric control valves are connected with a PLC and a control computer.
2) Inputting the true density rho of the dry tailings in the ore pulp in a PLC0Height difference h between the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gaugexAnd the gravity acceleration g and other basic parameters, and the concentration upper limit C calculated based on the ore pulp in the pipeline is setOn the upper part。
3) By a first pressure count value P1And a second pressure count value P2And as an input signal of the PLC, a calculation formula of the ore pulp concentration is programmed based on the PLC.
4) After pressure value signals measured by the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge are input into the PLC, the real-time concentration C of ore pulp in the discharge well of the thickener is obtained through logical operationx。
5) Pulp concentration C obtained by PLC through comparisonxWith a set upper concentration limit CUpper part ofAnd determining whether to send out early warning or output a signal for opening and closing the high-pressure water valve.
6) When the concentration of ore pulp in the discharge well is CxBelow the upper concentration limit COn the upper partWhen 95%, the high-pressure water valve is in a closed state; when the pulp concentration C in the discharge well is monitoredxReach the upper limit of the set concentration COn the upper partWhen the concentration is 95%, the PLC sends out an early warning signal to prompt that the thickener has a blockage risk; if the pulp concentration C in the discharge wellxContinuous risingHigh and exceeding the set upper concentration limit COn the upper partWhen the system is used, the PLC sends out an instruction, and high-pressure water is started to dilute ore pulp in the discharge well; concentration C of ore pulp after dilutionxDown to the upper concentration limit COn the upper partAfter 95%, the PLC sends out an instruction to close the high-pressure water valve, so that excessive dilution of ore pulp is avoided.
As a further design of the invention, the first pressure gauge 1, the second pressure gauge 2 and the high-pressure water control valve 6 are all connected with a PLC control device, and the automatic control of early warning and anti-blocking is realized through PLC. Specifically, the true density rho of the dry tailings is measured0The gravity acceleration g, the vertical height difference h of the pipeline, the pipe diameter D, the equivalent length L, the ore pulp flow velocity v, the positions of the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge and the like are input into a PLC (programmable logic controller) as parameters, the pressure values of the upper end and the lower end of a thickener discharge well are monitored in real time through the PLC, and the ore pulp concentration C in the discharge well is calculated simultaneouslyxPassing through and setting the upper limit value C of ore pulp conveying concentrationOn the upper partAnd comparing to determine whether high-pressure water is needed to be started to dilute the ore pulp, thereby realizing the automatic control of real-time concentration monitoring, high-concentration early warning and anti-blocking.
Furthermore, the high-pressure water pipelines 3 are arranged in a downward inclined mode, are arranged at the position, at the lower portion of the thickener body, and are 0.5-5 m away from the vertical height of the upper end of the discharge well, and form an included angle of 45-60 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the directions of the high-pressure water flows are intersected with the central line of the discharge well. High pressure water pipe 3 sets up 2 ~ 8, and interval distribution in the horizontal direction. The high-pressure water pipeline adopts the arrangement mode, can realize the dilution of the bottom flow, can provide impact force in a proper direction, and is beneficial to dredging of the discharge well.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific application examples:
and (3) concentrating the classified fine tailings in a certain concentrating plant, and taking the concentrated tailings as a filling underground consolidation body. The specific implementation mode is as follows:
(1) establishing a relation equation between the concentration of the fine-grain tailing slurry and the yield stress and the viscosity
Based on the measurement of the viscosity and the yield stress of the tailing slurry of the fine particles with different concentrations, a concentration-viscosity relation equation and a concentration-yield stress relation equation are respectively fitted. Table 1 shows the fine tailings slurry concentration versus viscosity and yield stress.
TABLE 1
Concentration/%) viscosity/Pa.S Yield stress/Pa
52 30.63 0.04
54 42.27 0.06
56 53.61 0.14
58 66.2 0.26
60 81.11 0.48
62 94.39 0.94
(2) The vertical height difference between the ground filling drill hole and the working face of a certain underground stope is 114m, the equivalent pipeline length is 521m, the pipe diameter is DN100, and the flow control is 100m when the fine grain tailing slurry is conveyed3Per hour, the true density of the dry tailings is rho0＝2720kg/m3And the residual pressure head is 0.5 MPa. Then, according to equation (10), the upper concentration limit C of the fine tailings slurry as it is transported in the pipeline is calculatedOn the upper part54.06%, and 51.36% for 95% of the upper limit concentration.
(3) The first pressure gauge is installed in thickener row material well lower extreme, and the second pressure gauge is installed in row material well upper end, and the discrepancy in height between first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge is 5 m. The high-pressure water pipeline is arranged 2m above the second pressure gauge, 4 high-pressure water pipelines are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees, and the high-pressure water flow points downwards to the underflow discharge port and forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal direction.
(4) Inputting the formula (13) and corresponding parameters into a PLC (programmable logic controller), and calculating to obtain the concentration C of ore pulp in the discharge well of the thickener after the PLC receives the pressure values of the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gaugexAnd comparing the concentration with a set concentration upper limit value of 56.22% to judge whether to send out an early warning or open the high-pressure water valve. The specific operation example is as follows:
1) the pressure values collected by the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge are respectively P1556150Pa and P248620Pa and Δ P70130 Pa, calculated according to formula (13), where the pulp concentration in the discharge well is:
Figure GDA0003670766510000081
in this state, the concentration value is lower than the upper limit COn the upper part95% of the total weight, the PLC issues no command.
2) The pressure values collected by the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge are respectively P1564020Pa and P2491310Pa and 72710Pa, and the concentration of the ore pulp in the discharge well is calculated according to the formula (13):
Figure GDA0003670766510000091
in this state, the concentration value reaches the upper limit COn the upper part95% of (C), not exceeding the upper concentration limit CUpper part ofAnd the PLC sends out an early warning instruction to prompt that the thickener has a blocking risk.
3) The pressure values collected by the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge are respectively P1584930Pa and P2509180Pa and 75750Pa, calculated according to the formula (13), where the pulp concentration in the discharge well is:
Figure GDA0003670766510000092
in this state, the concentration value exceeds the set upper limit COn the upper partAnd the PLC sends out a high-pressure water valve opening instruction, and the ore pulp in the discharge well is diluted. After the high-pressure water acts for a period of time, the pressure values collected by the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge are respectively P1576380Pa and P2504340Pa and 72040Pa, and the concentration of the ore pulp in the discharge well is calculated according to the formula (13):
Figure GDA0003670766510000093
in this state, the PLC monitors that the concentration of the slurry in the discharge well is reduced to the upper concentration limit COn the upper partAnd when the concentration of the ore pulp is less than 95%, the PLC sends out a high-pressure water valve closing instruction to prevent excessive dilution of the ore pulp.
P1/Pa P2/Pa Cx/％ PLC instruction
State one 556150 486020 47.65(＜COn the upper part95% of No instruction
State two 564020 491310 51.57(＞COn the upper part95%, < COn the upper part) Early warning instruction
State three 584930 509180 55.84(＞CUpper part of) Opening high-pressure water valve
State four 576380 504340 50.58(＜COn the upper part95% of Closing high-pressure water valve
Under the state that the concentration value of the slurry in the discharge well is lower than the upper limit C of the concentrationOn the upper part95%, the PLC does not send out instructions; in the second state, the concentration value of the slurry in the discharge well reaches the upper limit CUpper part of95% of (C), not exceeding the upper concentration limit COn the upper partThe PLC sends out an early warning instruction to prompt that the thickener has a blockage risk; in the third state, the concentration value of the slurry in the discharge well exceeds the set upper concentration limit COn the upper partThe PLC sends out a high-pressure water valve opening instruction, and the ore pulp in the discharge well is diluted; after the state III is acted for a period of time and the state IV is entered, the PLC monitors that the concentration of the slurry in the discharge well is reduced to the upper concentration limit COn the upper partAnd when the concentration of the ore pulp is less than 95%, the PLC sends out a high-pressure water valve closing instruction to prevent excessive dilution of the ore pulp.

Claims (4)

1. An early warning type anti-blocking method for a column type harrow-free paste thickener is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) determining upper limit value of ore pulp conveying concentration
1) Based on the pulp concentration CxAnd its yield stress tau0The ore pulp yield stress tau with different concentrations is measured in a one-to-one corresponding relation with the viscosity mu0And viscosity mu, respectively0And viscosity μ and concentration CxEquation of the relation (c):
τ0＝f1(Cx) (1)
μ＝f2(Cx) (2)
2) the fine particle paste ore pulp conforms to the characteristics of Bingham plastic body under high shearing rate, and the on-way resistance of the ore pulp during conveying in a pipeline with unit length is calculated by means of the Bojinhan equation:
Figure FDA0003662352400000011
wherein i is a fluid resistance loss per unit length, Pa/m;
τ0is the pulp yield stress, Pa;
v is the flow rate of the ore pulp, m/s;
mu is the pulp viscosity, Pa.s;
d is the pipe diameter m;
substituting equations (1) and (2) into equation (3) yields:
Figure FDA0003662352400000012
3) calculating the on-way resistance of the ore pulp when conveyed in the pipeline according to the length of the pipeline:
PZ＝iL (5)
in the formula, PZThe on-way resistance, Pa, of the ore pulp during conveying in the pipeline;
l is the equivalent pipe length, m;
substituting equation (4) into equation (5) yields:
Figure FDA0003662352400000013
4) calculating the power of the ore pulp during self-flowing conveying in the pipeline according to the vertical height difference of the pipeline:
PD＝ρxgh (7)
in the formula, PDThe power Pa is the power of the ore pulp during self-flowing conveying in the pipeline;
ρxis the density of ore pulp in kg/m3；
g is the gravity acceleration, N/kg;
h is the vertical height difference m between the inlet and the outlet of the filling pipeline;
in addition, based on pulp density ρxWith pulp concentration CxThe one-to-one correspondence relationship is obtained:
Figure FDA0003662352400000021
in the formula, ρ0Is the true density of the dry-base tailings in the pulp, kg/m3；
5) According to the residual pressure head P of the pipelineYDetermining the upper concentration limit C during ore pulp conveyingOn the upper part：
PY＝PD-PZ (9)
In order to ensure the smooth conveying of the ore pulp in the pipeline, the ore pulp needs to have a certain residual pressure head after being conveyed by the pipeline, and the larger the ore pulp concentration is, the smaller the residual pressure head is;
substituting equations (6) to (8) into equation (9) yields:
Figure FDA0003662352400000022
in the formula, when ore pulps with different concentrations are conveyed in the same pipeline, the residual pressure head PYWith pulp concentration CxIn one-to-one correspondence relationship, and the true density rho of the dry-base tailings in the ore pulp0The gravity acceleration g, the vertical height difference h of the pipeline, the pipe diameter D, the equivalent pipeline length L and the pulp flow velocity v are known; therefore, the residual pressure head P of the ore pulp pipeline transportation is determinedYUnder the condition of (3), the upper concentration limit C of the ore pulp in the pipeline during conveying can be determined according to the assignment of the residual pressure headOn the upper part；
(2) Collecting pressure values of the lower end and the upper end of a thickener discharge well
The thickener discharging well is connected with the lower part of the body, a first pressure gauge is arranged at the lower end of the thickener discharging well, a second pressure gauge is arranged at the upper end of the thickener discharging well, and pressure values of the lower end and the upper end of the thickener discharging well are collected in real time through the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge;
(3) establishing the relation between the pressure gauge difference and the concentration of ore pulp in the discharge well of the thickener
1) The difference value of first pressure gauge and second pressure gauge and ore pulp density one-to-one in the row's of expecting well get:
ΔP＝P1-P2＝ρxghx (11)
in the formula, P1Is the pressure at the section of the first pressure gauge, Pa;
P2the pressure at the section of the second pressure gauge is Pa;
delta P is the pressure difference between the cross sections of the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge, Pa;
ρxthe density of ore pulp in a thickener discharging well is kg/m3；
g is gravitational acceleration, N/kg;
hxis the vertical height difference between the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge, m;
based on pulp density rhoxWith pulp concentration CxA one-to-one correspondence, see equation (8), combining equation (8) with equation (11), yields:
Figure FDA0003662352400000023
the formula (12) is obtained through deformation, and the concentration of ore pulp in a discharge well of the thickener is as follows:
Figure FDA0003662352400000024
(4) real-time monitoring and early warning type anti-blocking of underflow concentration of thickener
1) A plurality of high-pressure water pressure pipelines are arranged at the lower part of the thickener body, and each high-pressure water pressure pipeline is provided with an electric control valve which is connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller);
2) inputting the true density rho of the dry-base tailings in the ore pulp into a PLC control device0Height difference h between the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gaugexAnd g basic parameters of gravity acceleration, and the concentration upper limit C calculated based on ore pulp conveying in the pipeline is setOn the upper part；
3) By a first pressure count value P1And a second pressure count value P2As an input signal of the PLC control device;
4) after pressure value signals measured by the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge are input into the PLC control device, the real-time concentration C of ore pulp in the discharge well of the thickener is obtained through calculationx；
5) Pulp concentration C obtained by PLC control device through comparisonxAnd a set upper concentration limit COn the upper partAnd determining whether to send out early warning or output a signal for opening and closing the high-pressure water valve.
2. The early-warning type anti-blocking method for the column-type rake-free paste thickener according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the residual pressure head of the paste ore pulp is set to be 0.02-0.2 MPa.
3. The early-warning type anti-blocking method for the column-type rake-free paste thickener according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the high-pressure water pressure pipelines are arranged at 2-8 channels and are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction at the position, 0.5-5 m away from the vertical height of the upper end of the discharge well, of the lower part of the thickener body, are arranged in a downward inclined mode and form an included angle of 45-60 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the water flow directions of the high-pressure water pressure pipelines are intersected at the central line of the discharge well.
4. The early-warning type anti-blocking method for the column-type rake-free paste thickener according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: when the concentration of ore pulp in the discharge well is CxBelow the upper concentration limit COn the upper partWhen 95%, the high-pressure water valve is in a closed state; when the pulp concentration C in the discharge well is monitoredxReach the upper limit of the set concentration COn the upper partWhen the concentration is 95 percent, the PLC control device sends out an early warning signal to prompt that the thickener has a blockage risk; if the pulp concentration C in the discharge wellxContinuously rises and exceeds the set concentration upper limit CUpper part ofWhen the system is used, the PLC control device sends out an instruction, and high-pressure water is started to dilute ore pulp in the discharge well; concentration C of ore pulp after dilutionxDown to the upper concentration limit CUpper part ofAfter 95%, the PLC control device sends out an instruction to close the high-pressure water valve, so that excessive dilution of ore pulp is avoided.
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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103868823A (en) * 2014-03-13 2014-06-18 昆明理工大学 Device and method for detecting underflow concentration pressure difference of inclined plate thickener
CN108298320A (en) * 2017-11-30 2018-07-20 重庆工程职业技术学院 A kind of carrying method of flyash lotion
CN109061101A (en) * 2018-06-29 2018-12-21 东北大学 Thickener underflow concentration, mud layer height, internal mine amount hard measurement device and method
CN109490515A (en) * 2018-11-20 2019-03-19 山东科技大学 Pulp density measuring method and application inside larger ratio of height to diameter Paste thickener
CN112856236A (en) * 2021-01-06 2021-05-28 代县久力新型球团厂(普通合伙) Automatic conveying device and method for long-distance ore pulp pipeline
CN112945344A (en) * 2021-03-03 2021-06-11 北矿机电科技有限责任公司 Paste thickener material layer position online detection method and device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103868823A (en) * 2014-03-13 2014-06-18 昆明理工大学 Device and method for detecting underflow concentration pressure difference of inclined plate thickener
CN108298320A (en) * 2017-11-30 2018-07-20 重庆工程职业技术学院 A kind of carrying method of flyash lotion
CN109061101A (en) * 2018-06-29 2018-12-21 东北大学 Thickener underflow concentration, mud layer height, internal mine amount hard measurement device and method
CN109490515A (en) * 2018-11-20 2019-03-19 山东科技大学 Pulp density measuring method and application inside larger ratio of height to diameter Paste thickener
CN112856236A (en) * 2021-01-06 2021-05-28 代县久力新型球团厂(普通合伙) Automatic conveying device and method for long-distance ore pulp pipeline
CN112945344A (en) * 2021-03-03 2021-06-11 北矿机电科技有限责任公司 Paste thickener material layer position online detection method and device

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