CN113595505B - Anti-interference X-band voltage-controlled oscillator - Google Patents

Anti-interference X-band voltage-controlled oscillator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113595505B
CN113595505B CN202110712030.5A CN202110712030A CN113595505B CN 113595505 B CN113595505 B CN 113595505B CN 202110712030 A CN202110712030 A CN 202110712030A CN 113595505 B CN113595505 B CN 113595505B
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capacitor
resistor
frequency
controlled oscillator
interference
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CN113595505A (en
Inventor
何婷
华熙
张敏
史广芹
王必辉
董作典
王蓉
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Xian Institute of Space Radio Technology
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Xian Institute of Space Radio Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03BGENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
    • H03B5/00Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
    • H03B5/02Details
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03BGENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
    • H03B5/00Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
    • H03B5/08Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance
    • H03B5/12Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
    • H03B5/1203Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device the amplifier being a single transistor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03BGENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
    • H03B5/00Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
    • H03B5/08Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance
    • H03B5/12Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
    • H03B5/1237Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device comprising means for varying the frequency of the generator
    • H03B5/124Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device comprising means for varying the frequency of the generator the means comprising a voltage dependent capacitance
    • H03B5/1243Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device comprising means for varying the frequency of the generator the means comprising a voltage dependent capacitance the means comprising voltage variable capacitance diodes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)

Abstract

An anti-interference X-band voltage-controlled oscillator is characterized in that the built adding circuit is utilized, the anti-interference capability of the X-band voltage-controlled oscillator is improved from the circuit structure, the voltage-controlled oscillator circuit is modified, the low-frequency signal is restrained from being conducted to a varactor through the modified circuit, so that the low-frequency signal cannot be modulated to the working frequency of the oscillator, and the low-frequency signal cannot be amplified by a positive feedback amplifier; the impedance of the added circuit is low in oscillation frequency, so that extra circuit loss is not introduced, and the functional performance of the oscillator is not influenced; and the sensitive parameter phase noise of the oscillator is not influenced, so that the anti-interference capability of the voltage-controlled oscillator is fundamentally improved, and the stability of the whole frequency source system and the communication system is improved.

Description

Anti-interference X-band voltage-controlled oscillator
Technical Field
The invention relates to an anti-interference X-band voltage-controlled oscillator, and belongs to the field of oscillator circuit design.
Background
From the aspect of feedback, the voltage-controlled oscillator can be divided into two parts, one part is a resonant network with a frequency selecting function and consists of a varactor diode and an LC element, and the other part is a positive feedback amplifier, namely a negative resistance and consists of a triode and the LC element. After the voltage-controlled oscillator is powered on, the resonant network selects a signal with a specific frequency to send into the positive feedback amplifier; the signal is positively fed back and circularly amplified until the amplification amount of the amplifier is the same as the attenuation amount of the resonant network, and the signal is stable. The voltage-controlled oscillator generates a signal with a specific frequency from scratch, so the voltage-controlled oscillator can also be regarded as an amplifier with a large gain for the signal with the specific frequency, which is why the voltage-controlled oscillator has poor anti-interference capability.
In the anti-interference and anti-electromagnetic compatibility design of a frequency source system, the voltage-controlled oscillator is usually prevented from being interfered by adopting the modes that the whole voltage-controlled oscillator is physically far away from an interference source, namely, parts such as digital processing and a switching power supply, or the whole radio frequency part and the interference source part are in single-point common ground, and the like, and few people can reform the voltage-controlled oscillator circuit, so that the anti-interference capability of the voltage-controlled oscillator is improved, and related patents are not queried. With the increasing integration level of products, the voltage-controlled oscillator is disturbed despite the measures of relatively far away physically and single-point common ground, so that the stability of the frequency source system and the whole communication system is affected, and therefore, the work of modifying the voltage-controlled oscillator circuit itself to improve the anti-interference capability of the voltage-controlled oscillator circuit becomes urgent and necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems that: aiming at the problem that the traditional voltage-controlled oscillator is difficult to avoid interference by methods of being far away from an interference source, sharing the ground at a single point and the like in the prior art, the anti-interference X-band voltage-controlled oscillator is provided.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical proposal:
an anti-interference X-band voltage-controlled oscillator comprises an oscillation triode U1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a choke inductor L1, a choke inductor L2, a choke inductor L5, a filter capacitor C1, a filter capacitor C2, a capacitor C5, a feedback capacitor C6, a capacitor C7, an output coupling capacitor C3, a coupling capacitor C4, a varactor diode D1, an inductor L3, an inductor L4 and a capacitor C8, wherein:
one end of a resistor R1 is connected with a power end, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with one end of a resistor R3 and one end of a choke inductor L1, a filter capacitor C2 is arranged between the resistor R3 and the ground, the other end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R2 and one end of the choke inductor L2, the filter capacitor C1 is arranged between the choke inductor L2 and the ground, and the other end of the resistor R2 is grounded;
the other end of the choke inductance L2 is connected with the base electrode of the oscillation triode U1 and one end of the feedback capacitor C6, the collector electrode of the oscillation triode U1 is connected with the other end of the choke inductance L1, the output coupling capacitor C3 is arranged between the output end and the collector electrode of the oscillation triode U1, and the emitter electrode of the oscillation triode U1 is respectively connected with the other end of the feedback capacitor C6 and one end of the choke inductance L5;
the other end of the feedback capacitor C6 is connected with one end of the coupling capacitor C4, the other end of the coupling capacitor C4 is respectively connected with one end of the inductor L3 and one end of the inductor L4, the other end of the inductor L3 is connected with the positive electrode of the varactor diode D1, the negative electrode of the varactor diode D1 is respectively connected with an external electric regulating end and one end of the capacitor C5, and the other end of the capacitor C5 is grounded;
the other end of the choke inductance L5 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C7 and one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the capacitor C7 and the other end of the resistor R4 are grounded;
the other end of the inductor L4 is connected with one end of the capacitor C8 and one end of the resistor R5, and the other end of the capacitor C8 and the other end of the resistor R5 are grounded.
The resistor R1, the resistor R2, the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 provide direct current bias for the oscillating triode U1, the capacitor C7 provides an alternating current path for the oscillating triode U1 and influences the output frequency, the coupling capacitor C4 influences the output frequency of the oscillating triode U1, and the inductor L4 provides direct current bias for the varactor diode D1.
The feedback capacitor C6 is a capacitor between the emitter and the base, and can be replaced by parasitic capacitance of the oscillation triode under certain conditions.
The resistor R5 provides DC bias for the varactor diode D1, the capacitor C8 is used for providing an AC path, and the resistor R5 is used for resisting low-frequency interference signals so as to improve the anti-interference capability.
The low-frequency interference signal is conducted by an increasing circuit consisting of a ground end edge resistor R5 and a capacitor C8.
The network impedance Zn calculation method of the circuit consisting of the resistor R5 and the capacitor C8 comprises the following steps:
where ω=2 pi f is the operating frequency.
The network impedance Zn calculation method of the circuit consisting of the resistor R5 and the capacitor C8 comprises the following steps:
in the formula, ω=2 pi f, f is the working frequency, zn is in a high-resistance state at the low-frequency spurious frequency, zn is in a low-resistance state at the oscillation frequency, and no extra circuit loss is generated.
The value C of the capacitor C8 needs to meet the following requirements
Wherein f 1 Spurious frequencies, f, of low frequency 2 Is the oscillator frequency of the high frequency.
The value of the resistor R5 is not less than 1kΩ
Where f is the operating frequency and C is the capacitance of the capacitor C8.
The Q value of the capacitor C8 is determined according to the Q values of the C4 and C6.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the anti-interference X-band voltage-controlled oscillator provided by the invention has the advantages that the low-frequency signal is prevented from being conducted to the varactor diode through the transformation circuit, so that the low-frequency signal cannot be modulated to the working frequency of the oscillator and cannot be amplified by the positive feedback amplifier, the anti-interference capability of the voltage-controlled oscillator is fundamentally improved, the sensitivity parameter phase noise of the oscillator is ensured not to be influenced, the stability of the whole frequency source system and the communication system is improved, and meanwhile, the whole circuit design is convenient for the integration of the whole frequency source system, and the miniaturization design is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical X-band voltage controlled oscillator circuit provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a modified anti-interference X-band voltage controlled oscillator circuit provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the comparison of the response results of the anti-interference device to the interference signal before and after the anti-interference modification;
Detailed Description
An anti-interference X-band voltage-controlled oscillator utilizes a built adding circuit, improves the anti-interference capability of the X-band voltage-controlled oscillator from the circuit structure, carries out voltage-controlled oscillator circuit transformation, and has the following specific structure:
the oscillator comprises an oscillation triode U1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a choke inductance L1, a choke inductance L2, a choke inductance L5, a filter capacitance C1, a filter capacitance C2, a capacitance C5, a feedback capacitance C6, a capacitance C7, an output coupling capacitance C3, a coupling capacitance C4, a varactor D1, an inductance L3, an inductance L4 and a capacitance C8, wherein:
one end of a resistor R1 is connected with a power end, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with one end of a resistor R3 and one end of a choke inductor L1, a filter capacitor C2 is arranged between the resistor R3 and the ground, the other end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R2 and one end of the choke inductor L2, the filter capacitor C1 is arranged between the choke inductor L2 and the ground, and the other end of the resistor R2 is grounded;
the other end of the choke inductance L2 is connected with the base electrode of the oscillation triode U1 and one end of the feedback capacitor C6, the collector electrode of the oscillation triode U1 is connected with the other end of the choke inductance L1, the output coupling capacitor C3 is arranged between the output end and the collector electrode of the oscillation triode U1, and the emitter electrode of the oscillation triode U1 is respectively connected with the other end of the feedback capacitor C6 and one end of the choke inductance L5;
the other end of the feedback capacitor C6 is connected with one end of the coupling capacitor C4, the other end of the coupling capacitor C4 is respectively connected with one end of the inductor L3 and one end of the inductor L4, the other end of the inductor L3 is connected with the positive electrode of the varactor diode D1, the negative electrode of the varactor diode D1 is respectively connected with an external electric regulating end and one end of the capacitor C5, and the other end of the capacitor C5 is grounded;
the other end of the choke inductance L5 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C7 and one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the capacitor C7 and the other end of the resistor R4 are grounded;
the other end of the inductor L4 is connected with one end of the capacitor C8 and one end of the resistor R5, and the other end of the capacitor C8 and the other end of the resistor R5 are grounded.
In terms of functions, the resistor R1, the resistor R2, the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 provide direct current bias for the oscillating triode U1, the capacitor C7 provides an alternating current path for the oscillating triode U1 and influences output frequency, the coupling capacitor C4 influences the output frequency of the oscillating triode U1, and the inductor L4 provides direct current bias for the varactor diode D1;
the feedback capacitor C6 is a capacitor between the emitter and the base, and can be replaced by parasitic capacitance of the oscillation triode under certain conditions;
the resistor R5 provides direct current bias for the varactor diode D1, the capacitor C8 is used for providing an alternating current path, and the resistor R5 is used for carrying out impedance on a low-frequency interference signal so as to improve the anti-interference capability;
the low-frequency interference signal is conducted by an added circuit consisting of a ground end edge resistor R5 and a capacitor C8.
The network impedance Zn of the circuit consisting of the resistor R5 and the capacitor C8 isWhere ω=2 pi f is the operating frequency. Zn is in a high-resistance state at low-frequency spurious frequencies, so that the high attenuation of the low-frequency spurious frequencies is realized, and the anti-interference effect is achieved; meanwhile, zn has low resistance at the oscillation frequency, no extra circuit loss is introduced, and the functional performance of the oscillator is not affected.
The value C of the capacitor C8 needs to meet(wherein f 1 Spurious frequencies, f, of low frequency 2 Is the oscillator frequency of the high frequency. )
The value of the resistor R5 should be more than or equal to 1kΩ and(where f is the operating frequency and C is the capacitance of capacitor C8.)
The capacitor C8 participates in the oscillation of the voltage-controlled oscillator, and the quality factor Q value of the capacitor C8 is close to the quality factor Q values of the capacitor C4 and the capacitor C6, so that the capacitor C8 cannot deteriorate the phase noise of the whole oscillator.
Further description of specific embodiments follows:
in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a typical X-band voltage-controlled oscillator is shown, where U1 is an oscillating triode, R1, R2, R3, R4 provide dc bias for the oscillating triode, inductors L1, L2, L5 are choke inductors, capacitors C1, C2 are filter capacitors, capacitor C6 is a feedback capacitor between an emitter and a base, and can be replaced by a parasitic capacitor of the oscillating triode under high frequency conditions, capacitor C7 provides an ac path and affects the final output frequency, capacitor C3 is an output coupling capacitor, and capacitor C4 is a coupling capacitor between a resonant circuit and the base of the oscillating triode, and affects the final output frequency; the varactor diode D1, the capacitor C1, and the inductors L3 and L4 are resonant circuits, where the inductor L4 is grounded and provides dc bias for the varactor diode D1.
The impedance of the inductor and the capacitor is a function of frequency, the inductor is communicated with direct current, high-frequency alternating current is restrained, and low impedance is presented for low-frequency signals; the capacitor is connected with high-frequency alternating current to cut off direct current, and high impedance is presented for low-frequency signals.
In the invention, as shown in fig. 2, the structure of the modified voltage-controlled oscillator circuit is that a resistor R5 and a capacitor C8 which are connected in parallel are added at the grounding end of an inductor L4. Thus, resistor R5 provides a DC bias for varactor diode D1 and capacitor C8 provides an AC path for the oscillation frequency. Meanwhile, C8 presents high resistance to the low-frequency interference signal, R5 also has certain impedance to the low-frequency signal, and the low-frequency interference signal conducted from the ground terminal is restrained from being conducted into the resonant loop, so that the anti-interference capability is improved.
Based on the modified circuit of the invention, the response effect of the modified circuit to the low-frequency interference signal before and after modification is shown in figure 3. The resistor R5 and the capacitor C8 which are connected in parallel are added to the grounding end of the circuit, so that low-frequency interference signals conducted from the grounding end are restrained from being conducted into the resonant loop, and the anti-interference capability of the X-frequency band voltage-controlled oscillator is fundamentally improved.
Although the present invention has been described in terms of the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited to the embodiments, and any person skilled in the art can make any possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical matters disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, so any simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications to the embodiments described above according to the technical matters of the present invention are within the scope of the technical matters of the present invention.
What is not described in detail in the present specification belongs to the known technology of those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. An anti-interference X-band voltage-controlled oscillator is characterized in that: the oscillator comprises an oscillation triode U1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a choke inductance L1, a choke inductance L2, a choke inductance L5, a filter capacitance C1, a filter capacitance C2, a capacitance C5, a feedback capacitance C6, a capacitance C7, an output coupling capacitance C3, a coupling capacitance C4, a varactor D1, an inductance L3, an inductance L4 and a capacitance C8, wherein:
one end of a resistor R1 is connected with a power end, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with one end of a resistor R3 and one end of a choke inductor L1, a filter capacitor C2 is arranged between the resistor R3 and the ground, the other end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R2 and one end of the choke inductor L2, the filter capacitor C1 is arranged between the choke inductor L2 and the ground, and the other end of the resistor R2 is grounded;
the other end of the choke inductance L2 is connected with the base electrode of the oscillation triode U1 and one end of the feedback capacitor C6, the collector electrode of the oscillation triode U1 is connected with the other end of the choke inductance L1, the output coupling capacitor C3 is arranged between the output end and the collector electrode of the oscillation triode U1, and the emitter electrode of the oscillation triode U1 is respectively connected with the other end of the feedback capacitor C6 and one end of the choke inductance L5;
the other end of the feedback capacitor C6 is connected with one end of the coupling capacitor C4, the other end of the coupling capacitor C4 is respectively connected with one end of the inductor L3 and one end of the inductor L4, the other end of the inductor L3 is connected with the positive electrode of the varactor diode D1, the negative electrode of the varactor diode D1 is respectively connected with an external electric regulating end and one end of the capacitor C5, and the other end of the capacitor C5 is grounded;
the other end of the choke inductance L5 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C7 and one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the capacitor C7 and the other end of the resistor R4 are grounded;
the other end of the inductor L4 is connected with one end of the capacitor C8 and one end of the resistor R5, and the other end of the capacitor C8 and the other end of the resistor R5 are grounded.
2. An anti-interference X-band voltage controlled oscillator according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the resistor R1, the resistor R2, the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 provide direct current bias for the oscillating triode U1, the capacitor C7 provides an alternating current path for the oscillating triode U1 and influences the output frequency, the coupling capacitor C4 influences the output frequency of the oscillating triode U1, and the inductor L4 provides direct current bias for the varactor diode D1.
3. An anti-interference X-band voltage controlled oscillator according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the feedback capacitor C6 is a capacitor between the emitter and the base, and can be replaced by parasitic capacitance of the oscillation triode under certain conditions.
4. An anti-interference X-band voltage controlled oscillator according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the resistor R5 provides DC bias for the varactor diode D1, the capacitor C8 is used for providing an AC path, and the resistor R5 is used for resisting low-frequency interference signals so as to improve the anti-interference capability.
5. The antijamming X-band voltage controlled oscillator of claim 4, wherein:
the low-frequency interference signal is conducted by an increasing circuit consisting of a ground end edge resistor R5 and a capacitor C8.
6. The antijamming X-band voltage controlled oscillator of claim 4, wherein:
the network impedance Zn calculation method of the circuit consisting of the resistor R5 and the capacitor C8 comprises the following steps:
where ω=2 pi f is the operating frequency.
7. The antijamming X-band voltage controlled oscillator of claim 6, wherein:
the network impedance Zn calculation method of the circuit consisting of the resistor R5 and the capacitor C8 comprises the following steps:
in the formula, ω=2 pi f, f is the working frequency, zn is in a high-resistance state at the low-frequency spurious frequency, zn is in a low-resistance state at the oscillation frequency, and no extra circuit loss is generated.
8. The antijamming X-band voltage controlled oscillator of claim 6, wherein:
the value C of the capacitor C8 needs to meet the following requirements
Wherein f 1 Spurious frequencies, f, of low frequency 2 Is the oscillator frequency of the high frequency.
9. The antijamming X-band voltage controlled oscillator of claim 6, wherein:
the value of the resistor R5 is not less than 1kΩ
Where f is the operating frequency and C is the capacitance of the capacitor C8.
10. The antijamming X-band voltage controlled oscillator of claim 6, wherein:
the Q value of the capacitor C8 is determined according to the Q values of the C4 and C6.
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