CN113594871A - Series-parallel arc extinguishing lightning protection device - Google Patents
Series-parallel arc extinguishing lightning protection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113594871A CN113594871A CN202110910658.6A CN202110910658A CN113594871A CN 113594871 A CN113594871 A CN 113594871A CN 202110910658 A CN202110910658 A CN 202110910658A CN 113594871 A CN113594871 A CN 113594871A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
- H01T1/14—Means structurally associated with spark gap for protecting it against overload or for disconnecting it in case of failure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
- H01T1/02—Means for extinguishing arc
- H01T1/08—Means for extinguishing arc using flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
- H01T1/16—Series resistor structurally associated with spark gap
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Abstract
The invention discloses a series-parallel arc extinguishing lightning protection device, which belongs to the field of arc extinguishing lightning protection devices and comprises a sealed arc extinguishing unit, an upper end arc extinguishing unit and a lower end arc extinguishing unit, wherein the upper end arc extinguishing unit is arranged between the top end of an insulator string and a top tower rod, the lower end arc extinguishing unit is arranged between the bottom end of the insulator string and a bottom tower rod, and the sealed arc extinguishing unit is arranged on the insulator string in parallel through a screw rod. Compared with the traditional circuit breaker, the novel lightning protection device can instantly, integrally and simultaneously cut off the electric arc, the impact electric arc is cut off when being formed, the arc extinguishing speed is extremely high, and the liquid medium insulation recovery speed is faster than that of a valve plate: because electric arc is broken by the pressure simultaneously in the device for the whole insulating of medium obtains recovering, and has anti heavy fire nature, through this device, electric arc transfer medium heat is low, leads to the medium temperature rise to reduce, and then the probability of thermal breakdown is very low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field, in particular to a series-parallel arc extinguishing lightning protection device.
Background
Lightning strikes can cause damage and destruction of electrical facilities in different forms, and thundercloud discharge can cause lightning strike overvoltage in an electrical power system. Lightning overvoltage can damage insulators and power transmission lines; the line insulator flashover is caused by impact flashover caused by lightning strike on the transmission line, and then large power frequency follow current is generated to damage the insulator string and hardware fittings, so that line accidents are caused; lightning strikes on a power transmission line or a lightning conductor can cause strand breakage and even breakage, so that power transmission work cannot be carried out.
The existing lightning protection arc extinguishing device can enable the volt-second characteristic of the active arc extinguishing parallel gap to be more flat, but the existing lightning protection arc extinguishing device only can reduce the wave head gradient of lightning current, cannot further attenuate the amplitude of the lightning current, and has limited capability of attenuating the lightning current.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a series-parallel arc extinguishing lightning protection device, which solves the technical problems that the existing lightning protection arc extinguishing device is low in arc extinguishing speed and easy to cause trip accidents. Aim at improves the reliability of novel lightning protection arc extinguishing device to insulator protection. The arc extinguishing pressure of the lightning protection arc extinguishing device in the arc extinguishing process is enhanced, the magnitude of the lightning current amplitude can be attenuated, the discharge time of the electric arc can be prolonged, and the damage to the power transmission line caused by the overlarge instantaneous lightning current amplitude is avoided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a serial parallel arc extinguishing lightning protection device, is including sealed arc extinguishing unit, upper end arc extinguishing unit and lower tip arc extinguishing unit, and upper end arc extinguishing unit sets up between the top of insulator chain and top tower pole, and lower tip arc extinguishing unit sets up between the bottom of insulator chain and bottom tower pole, and sealed arc extinguishing unit passes through the parallelly connected setting of screw rod on insulator chain.
Further, the upper end portion arc extinguishing unit and the lower end portion arc extinguishing unit comprise a sealed arc extinguishing unit, an upper end screw rod, a lower end screw rod and a silica gel sleeve, the upper end screw rod is fixedly arranged at the top of the sealed arc extinguishing unit and connected with the top end tower rod, the lower end screw rod is arranged at the bottom of the sealed arc extinguishing unit and fixed on the bottom end tower rod, and the silica gel sleeve is sleeved on the sealed arc extinguishing unit.
Furthermore, the sealed arc extinguishing unit is arranged to be a sealing tube, the two ends of the sealing tube are respectively provided with an upper electrode and a lower electrode which are sealed, insulating oil is arranged in the sealing tube, and the side edge of the sealing tube is provided with a skirt edge.
Further, the sealing tube further comprises a ceramic tube and a protective shell, the protective shell is arranged on the outer side of the ceramic tube, and the skirt edge is arranged on the outer side of the protective shell.
Further, the upper electrode comprises an upper graphite electrode, a middle metal electrode and a lower graphite electrode, the middle metal electrode is fixed at one end of the ceramic tube and one end of the protective shell, the upper graphite electrode is arranged on the upper layer of the middle metal electrode, the lower graphite electrode is arranged at the bottom of the middle metal electrode and is arranged in the ceramic tube, the lower electrode comprises an upper graphite electrode and a bottom metal electrode, the bottom metal electrode is fixed at the other end of the ceramic tube and the other end of the protective shell, and the upper graphite electrode is arranged in the ceramic tube and is connected with the bottom metal electrode.
Furthermore, the sealed arc extinguishing unit is arranged to be a sealing tube, the two ends of the sealing tube are respectively provided with an upper electrode and a lower electrode which are sealed, insulating oil is arranged in the sealing tube, the side edge of the sealing tube is provided with a skirt edge, arc extinguishing grids are arranged on the inner side edge of the sealing tube at intervals, and the transverse length of each arc extinguishing grid is larger than the half inner diameter of the sealing tube.
Furthermore, the bottom of the upper electrode is provided with an upper tip electrode, the upper end of the lower electrode is provided with a lower tip electrode, the upper tip electrode and the lower tip electrode are arranged vertically relatively, and the upper tip electrode and the lower tip electrode are graphite electrodes.
Further, the arc extinguishing bars are made of insulating materials, the arc extinguishing bars are arranged into semicircular structures, the arc extinguishing bars arranged on the inner side walls of the two semicircles in the sealing tube are arranged alternately, convex piers are arranged between the arc extinguishing bars on the same semicircle, and the convex piers on the inner side wall of one semicircle are arranged opposite to the arc extinguishing bars on the inner side wall of the other semicircle.
Furthermore, the specific working process of the lightning protection device is,
step 1: when a tower or a transmission line is struck by lightning, the fully-sealed liquid arrester discharges before the insulator string, and a lightning arc is poured into an insulating tube in the arrester;
step 2: when arc discharge is initiated in the sealed tube filled with insulating oil, shock waves towards the side edges are generated by the liquid electricity effect;
and step 3: the Pascal effect enhances the liquid electric effect, when electric arcs act on the insulating oil, when a certain part of static insulating oil generates pressure intensity change, the electric arcs constantly transmit the pressure intensity to all directions of the inner side of the sealing pipe;
and 4, step 4: because the arc extinguishing bars are arranged in the sealed tube, the length of the electric arc in the sealed tube is prolonged, the convex piers are arranged to increase the surface area of the sealed tube, the impact waves of the liquid-electric effect and the Pascal effect return to the side edge and impact the side edge, the impact arc extinguishing is intensively carried out on the electric arc channel, three points on one electric arc carry out the arc extinguishing, an intermittent discharge mode is generated, the breakdown volt-second characteristic becomes gentle, the breakdown starting voltage is reduced, and the residual voltage value is also reduced.
Further, the specific process of step 2 is that arc discharge is initiated in the ceramic tube filled with insulating oil, part of the insulating oil in the discharge channel is instantly vaporized, decomposed and ionized into high-temperature plasma and suddenly expanded to form a mechanical pressure wave which rapidly spreads outwards, but the liquid can be regarded as a shock wave transmission medium which can not be compressed, so that the mechanical effect of power is shown to the outside when the discharge channel carries out liquid-phase discharge, an acting force which impacts the wall of the ceramic tube is formed in the ceramic tube, and the wall of the ceramic tube generates the shock wave in the insulating oil medium due to the interaction of the force;
the specific process of the step 3 is as follows: when an impact electric arc acts on the metal electrode to apply pressure to the insulating oil in the ceramic tube, according to the Pascal principle, a certain part of static fluid in the closed container generates pressure change, the pressure is constantly transmitted to all directions, and then the insulating oil medium around is impacted by a larger acting force from a discharge channel in the ceramic tube, and the acting force rebounds after contacting the wall of the ceramic tube.
Further, the specific process of step 4 is that the pressure and temperature in the ceramic tube are increased by the liquid-electric effect and the pascal effect, so as to generate an acting force pointing to the center from the ceramic tube wall, under the acting force, the arc moves towards the tip of the arc-extinguishing grid, the tip lengthens the length of the arc, and under the blowing of the insulating oil to the arc, the temperature of the arc is reduced, so that the arc is extinguished more rapidly, the longer the arc formed in the ceramic tube is, the greater the acting force is on the ceramic tube wall, and conversely, the greater the impact force for cutting off the arc is, the rebounding occurs after the acting force acts on the shell, so as to form an acting force pointing to the center of the insulating tube, the polarization current is generated by the medium in the impact pre-breakdown stage, so that the breakdown voltage value corresponding to a short period of time is reduced, so that the breakdown volt-second characteristic corresponding to the medium becomes gentle, and the arc extinguishing and frequent reignition mechanism, the suppression of the arc intensity lengthens the arc duration, so that the discharge intensity and steepness are simultaneously attenuated to a large extent, and the destruction energy release intensity is reduced.
The induced charge generates coulomb force in the sealed insulating tube: due to electrostatic induction, charges with polarity opposite to that of thundercloud are induced in the insulating tube and accumulated in the sealed insulating tube; as the liquid is an incompressible fluid, the charges cannot move freely, and finally an arc chain is formed in the insulating tube; mutually repulsive coulomb force is generated among the charges with the same polarity, and the coulomb force acts on the pipe wall to form reaction force due to the sealing of the insulating pipe, so that the induced charge chain is cut off.
The arc perfusion phase causes the pascal effect: the pascal principle means: after any point in the incompressible static fluid is subjected to pressure increment generated by external force, the pressure increment is instantaneously transmitted to each point of the static fluid.
When the striking arc acts on the metal plate, a certain pressure is applied to the insulating oil in the ceramic tube. According to the pascal principle, a pressure change occurring in a certain portion of the stationary fluid in the closed vessel will be transmitted in all directions with a constant magnitude. Then, the insulating oil medium around is impacted by a larger acting force from the discharge channel in the ceramic tube, the acting force rebounds after impacting the wall of the ceramic tube, and the acting force with the direction pointing to the center of the ceramic tube is formed, so that the purpose of cutting off the electric arc is achieved.
The liquid-electric effect after the electric arc pre-breakdown further enhances the Pascal effect: the insulating oil medium is filled in the insulating tube, when arc discharge occurs, part of liquid in the discharge channel is instantly vaporized, decomposed and ionized into high-temperature plasma and suddenly expanded to generate a directional shock pressure wave, and the peak pressure can reach 104-. However, since the liquid can be regarded as a shock wave transmission medium which can not be compressed, when the liquid-phase discharge is carried out in the discharge channel, the mechanical effect of ultrahigh power is shown to the outside. Acting force for impacting the wall of the ceramic tube is formed in the ceramic tube, the wall of the ceramic tube generates strong impact wave in the insulating oil medium, the strong impact wave acts on the discharge channel in an impulse or impact pressure mode, and the electric arc is impacted and cut off.
The pressure peak time is equal to the pre-breakdown time; whether the arc is an impact arc or a power frequency arc, the time with the largest change rate of current and energy along with the time is the pre-breakdown time, the largest change rate necessarily generates the largest change rate of the occupied volume of the arc, and meanwhile, the liquid has incompressibility and generates the characteristic of not allowing the arc to occupy the space, thereby generating the arc extinguishing pressure peak value. At the moment, the arc current is extremely weak, the arc breaking pressure resistance is extremely low, and the arc extinguishing pressure asymmetry is formed.
The medium generates polarization current in the stage of impact pre-breakdown; the breakdown voltage is reduced, namely the breakdown voltage value corresponding to a short time period is reduced, the dielectric corresponding breakdown volt-second characteristic is gentle, the breakdown starting voltage is reduced, and the residual voltage value is also reduced.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
compared with the traditional circuit breaker, the novel lightning protection device can instantly, integrally and simultaneously cut off the electric arc, the impact electric arc is cut off when being formed, the arc extinguishing speed is extremely high, and the liquid medium insulation recovery speed is faster than that of a valve plate: because electric arc is broken by the pressure simultaneously in the device for medium whole insulation obtains recovering, and have anti heavy fire nature, through this device, electric arc transmission medium heat is low, lead to the medium temperature rise to reduce, and then the probability of thermal breakdown is very low, under the environment is struck by lightning to the many pulses, can not make arc extinguishing structure suffer destruction because of the heat accumulation effect, through adjusting electrode distance, accomplish the control to the breakdown distance, thereby reduce the initial value of electric arc breakdown voltage, make the residual voltage of device extremely low, quick arc extinguishing ability has produced the intermittent discharge mode. The frequent arc extinction and frequent reignition mechanism inhibits the electric arc intensity from prolonging the electric arc duration time, greatly attenuates the discharge intensity and the gradient simultaneously, and avoids the safety, the durability and the reliability of the lightning protection device by reducing the damage energy release intensity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an end arc extinguishing unit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first sealed arc extinguishing unit according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second sealed arc extinguishing unit of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the high pressure seal structure of the gland of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the external reinforcement structure of the sealing tube of the present invention.
In the drawing, A-a sealed arc extinguishing unit, B-an upper end arc extinguishing unit, C-a lower end arc extinguishing unit, 1-an upper electrode, 2-insulating oil, 3-a ceramic tube, 4-a skirt, 5-a protective shell, 6-a lower electrode, 7-an electric arc, 8-an upper tip electrode, 9-an arc chute, 10-a convex pier, 11-a lower tip electrode, 12-an upper screw, 13-a lower screw and 14-a silica gel sleeve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of examples of preferred embodiments. It should be noted, however, that the numerous details set forth in the description are merely for the purpose of providing the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, which may be practiced without these specific details.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-3, a series-parallel arc extinguishing lightning protection device includes a sealed arc extinguishing unit a, an upper end arc extinguishing unit B and a lower end arc extinguishing unit C, the upper end arc extinguishing unit B is disposed between the top end of an insulator string and a top tower bar, the lower end arc extinguishing unit C is disposed between the bottom end of the insulator string and a bottom tower bar, and the sealed arc extinguishing units a are disposed on the insulator string in parallel through screws. The upper end arc extinguishing unit B and the lower end arc extinguishing unit C comprise a sealed arc extinguishing unit A, an upper end screw 12, a lower end screw 13 and a silica gel sleeve 14, the upper end screw 12 is fixedly arranged at the top of the sealed arc extinguishing unit A and is connected with a top end tower rod, the lower end screw 13 is arranged at the bottom of the sealed arc extinguishing unit A and is fixed on a bottom end tower rod, and the silica gel sleeve 14 is sleeved on the sealed arc extinguishing unit A.
Through setting up the arc-extinguishing point of three points, can realize frequent arc extinguishing and frequent reignition mechanism, restrain electric arc intensity and elongated electric arc duration, make intensity of discharge and steepness decay by a wide margin simultaneously, avoid lightning protection device's security, durability and reliability through reducing destruction energy release intensity.
The pressure peak time is equal to the pre-breakdown time, no matter the impact arc or the power frequency arc, the time with the largest change rate of the current and the energy along with the time is the pre-breakdown time, the largest change rate of the occupied volume of the arc is inevitably generated, meanwhile, the liquid has incompressibility, and the generated characteristic of not allowing the occupied volume of the arc is generated, so that the arc extinguishing pressure peak value is generated. At the moment, the arc current is extremely weak, the arc breaking pressure resistance is extremely low, and the arc extinguishing pressure asymmetry is formed.
In this embodiment, the sealed arc extinguishing unit a is configured as a sealed tube, the two ends of the sealed tube are respectively provided with an upper electrode 1 and a lower electrode 6 which are sealed, the sealed tube is provided with insulating oil 2, and the side edge of the sealed tube is provided with a skirt 4. The sealing tube further comprises a ceramic tube 3 and a protective shell 5, wherein the protective shell 5 is arranged on the outer side of the ceramic tube 3, and the skirt edge 4 is arranged on the outer side of the protective shell 5.
The upper electrode 1 includes upper graphite electrode, middle metal electrode and lower floor's graphite electrode, middle metal electrode fixes the one end at ceramic pipe 3 and protecting sheathing 5, upper graphite electrode sets up the upper strata at middle metal electrode, lower floor's graphite electrode sets up the bottom at middle metal electrode, and set up in ceramic pipe 3, lower electrode 6 includes upper end graphite electrode and bottom metal electrode, the other end at ceramic pipe 3 and protecting sheathing 5 is fixed to bottom metal electrode, upper end graphite electrode sets up in ceramic pipe 3, and be connected with bottom metal electrode.
The insulating tube filled with insulating oil is made of high-hardness high-temperature-resistant high-pressure-resistant inorganic non-metallic materials and is cylindrical; the insulating tube is tightly connected with the composite insulator, and plays a role in fixing the insulating tube and the umbrella skirt; the closed space in the insulating tube is filled with insulating oil and is the area where the electric arc collides elastically.
When a tower or a transmission line is struck by lightning, the fully-sealed liquid arrester discharges before an insulator string, a lightning arc is poured into an insulating tube in the arrester to generate a liquid-electric effect, a strong shock wave is formed, and the strong shock wave acts on a discharge channel in an impulse or shock pressure mode to cut off the arc. Meanwhile, when the electric arc enters the insulating tube, a certain pressure is applied to the liquid in the insulating tube, and according to the Pascal principle, the pressure change of a certain part of the static fluid in the closed container is constantly transmitted to all directions, so that a larger acting force is inevitably generated on the inner wall of the insulating tube. The acting force rebounds after acting on the shell to form an acting force with the direction pointing to the center of the insulating tube, so that the aim of cutting off the electric arc is fulfilled.
The graphite electrode is arranged at the lightning receiving place, so that the service life can be effectively prolonged. The graphite electrode has good conductivity, and is easy to introduce electric arc into the recoil pipe: graphite is a non-metallic material, and the conductivity of graphite is 100 times higher than that of general non-metallic ore. Graphite is an electrical conductor in that the periphery of each carbon atom in graphite is linked to three other carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb pattern of many hexagons, and since each carbon atom gives off an electron, those electrons are free to move. Generally, the electrical discharge machining speed of the graphite electrode is 1.5 to 2 times faster than that of the copper electrode as a whole. When the power transmission line is struck by lightning, the graphite electrode can play a role in striking arcs, so that the arcs can smoothly enter the arc extinguishing pipe.
The graphite electrode has extremely high melting point, can bear larger current and is not easy to deform: graphite electrodes have the property of being able to withstand high current conditions. The softening point of copper is about 1000 ℃, and the copper is easy to deform due to heating; and the sublimation temperature of the graphite is about 3650 ℃. Lightning strike currents of between 5000 amperes and 5 kiloamperes, producing lightning strike temperatures of up to 3000 degrees. Therefore, the metal electrode is easy to deform under the action of lightning strike heavy current, generates metal powder, splashes, damages the structure of the arc extinguish chamber and influences the effect of recoil arc extinction, and the graphite electrode can effectively solve the problems.
The loss of the graphite electrode is small: the graphite electrode has the characteristic of bearing a large current condition, a polarity effect is generated under the action of lightning arcs, partial corrosion removal objects and carbon particles can be adhered to the surface of the electrode to form a protective layer, and the graphite electrode is ensured to have extremely low loss or even zero loss in the process of recoil arc extinguishing.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 4, the embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the sealed arc extinguishing unit a is configured as a sealed tube, the two ends of the sealed tube are respectively provided with an upper electrode 1 and a lower electrode 6 which are sealed, the sealed tube is provided with insulating oil 2, the side edge of the sealed tube is provided with a skirt 4, the inner side edge of the sealed tube is provided with arc extinguishing grids 9 at intervals, and the transverse length of the arc extinguishing grids 9 is greater than one-half of the inner diameter of the sealed tube. The bottom of the upper electrode 1 is provided with an upper tip electrode 8, the upper end of the lower electrode 6 is provided with a lower tip electrode 11, the upper tip electrode 8 and the lower tip electrode 11 are arranged vertically relatively, and the upper tip electrode 8 and the lower tip electrode 11 are both graphite electrodes.
In this embodiment, the arc-extinguishing bars 9 are made of insulating materials, the arc-extinguishing bars 9 are arranged in a semicircular structure, the arc-extinguishing bars 9 arranged on the inner side walls of the two semicircles in the sealed tube are arranged alternately, the convex piers 9 are arranged between the arc-extinguishing bars 9 on the same semicircle, and the convex piers 9 on the inner side wall of one semicircle are arranged opposite to the arc-extinguishing bars 9 on the inner side wall of the other semicircle.
The hydro-electric effect and the Pascal effect enable the pressure in the ceramic tube to be increased, the temperature to be increased, acting force pointing to the center from the wall of the ceramic tube is generated, under the acting force, the electric arc moves towards the tip of the arc-extinguishing grid, the tip lengthens the length of the electric arc, and under the condition that insulating oil blows the electric arc, the temperature of the electric arc is reduced, so that the electric arc is extinguished more quickly, the longer the electric arc formed in the ceramic tube is, the greater the acting force on the wall of the ceramic tube is, and the greater the impact force for cutting off the electric arc is, and arc extinction is completed.
The specific working process of the lightning protection device is as follows,
step 1: when the tower or the transmission line is struck by lightning, the fully-sealed liquid arrester discharges before the insulator string, and the lightning arc is poured into the insulating tube in the arrester. When the three-point sealed arc extinguishing unit A is broken down, an electric arc is formed, and the degree of insulation is lower than that of the insulator string.
Step 2: when arc discharge is initiated in the sealed tube filled with insulating oil, the electrohydraulic effect generates shock waves which impact to the side edges. Arc discharge is initiated in the ceramic tube filled with insulating oil, part of the insulating oil in the discharge channel is instantly vaporized, decomposed and ionized into high-temperature plasma and suddenly expanded to form a mechanical pressure wave which is rapidly propagated outwards, but the liquid can be regarded as a shock wave transmission medium which can not be compressed, so that when the discharge channel is subjected to liquid-phase discharge, the mechanical effect of power is shown to the outside, an acting force which impacts the wall of the ceramic tube is formed in the ceramic tube, and the wall of the ceramic tube generates shock waves in the insulating oil medium due to the force interaction;
and step 3: the Pascal effect enhances the liquid electric effect, when the electric arc acts on the insulating oil 2, and when a certain part of the static insulating oil 2 generates pressure intensity change, the electric arc is constantly transmitted to all directions of the inner side of the sealing pipe. When an impact electric arc acts on the metal electrode to apply pressure to the insulating oil in the ceramic tube, according to the Pascal principle, a certain part of static fluid in the closed container generates pressure change, the pressure is constantly transmitted to all directions, and then the insulating oil medium around is impacted by a larger acting force from a discharge channel in the ceramic tube, and the acting force rebounds after contacting the wall of the ceramic tube.
And 4, step 4: because the arc extinguishing bars 9 are arranged in the sealed tube, the length of the electric arc in the sealed tube is prolonged, the convex piers 9 are arranged to increase the surface area of the sealed tube, the impact waves of the liquid-electric effect and the Pascal effect return to the side edge after impacting, the impact arc extinguishing is intensively carried out on the electric arc channel, three points on one electric arc carry out the arc extinguishing, an intermittent discharge mode is generated, the breakdown volt-second characteristic becomes gentle, the breakdown starting voltage is reduced, and the residual voltage value is also reduced.
The hydro-electric effect and the Pascal effect enable the pressure in the ceramic tube to be increased, the temperature to be increased, acting force pointing to the center from the ceramic tube wall is generated, under the acting force, the electric arc moves towards the tip end of the arc-extinguishing grid, the tip end lengthens the length of the electric arc, under the condition that insulating oil blows the electric arc, the temperature of the electric arc is reduced, the electric arc is extinguished more quickly, the longer the electric arc formed in the ceramic tube is, the acting force on the ceramic tube wall is larger, the larger the impact force for cutting off the electric arc is, the action force rebounds after acting on the shell, the acting force pointing to the center of the insulating tube is formed, the medium generates polarized current in an impact pre-breakdown stage, the breakdown voltage is reduced, the breakdown voltage value corresponding to a short time period is reduced, the breakdown volt-second characteristic corresponding to the medium is enabled to be gentle, frequent arc extinguishing and frequent reignition mechanisms are adopted, the electric arc intensity is inhibited from being lengthened for the duration time, the discharge intensity and the steepness are simultaneously greatly attenuated, and the destruction energy release intensity is reduced.
The sealed arc extinguishing unit is internally provided with a high-pressure sealing structure and an external reinforcing structure, as shown in fig. 5-6.
The high-pressure sealing structure comprises a plastic sleeve 21, a stainless steel gasket 22, an O-shaped ring 23, a steel sleeve 24, sealing silica gel 25 and an extrusion fixing block 26, electrodes are nested in the sealing silica gel 25, the sealing silica gel 25 is arranged at two ends of the ceramic tube in a sealing mode, the steel sleeve 24 is fastened on the outer side of the joint of the sealing silica gel 25 and the ceramic tube, and the plastic sleeve 21 is sleeved on the outer sides of the steel sleeve 24 and the ceramic tube. A stainless steel gasket 22 is padded at the front end of the electrode and an O-ring 23 is placed between the sealing silica gel 25 and the ceramic tube contact. The extrusion fixed block 26 is arranged on the outer side of the sealing silica gel 25, a bolt hole 27 is arranged on the extrusion fixed block 26, and the bolt hole 27 is arranged in contact with the stainless steel gasket 22. The sealing silica gel 25 is set to be a T-shaped structure silica gel, and the bottom of the T-shaped structure silica gel is set to be a spherical concave structure.
The shell is made of plastic insulating materials and is used for fixing the ceramic tube; the steel sleeves are arranged at two ends of the ceramic tube to fix the end part of the ceramic tube and prevent the ceramic tube from being mechanically deformed by the generated high-strength pressure; the upper and lower electrodes are wrapped up in the silica gel that is half arc, and narrow and small space when upper and lower electrode arc extinguishing, the area is little, produces the pressure dispersion phenomenon, wraps up the electrode with the silica gel of half arc and can focus the pressure wave, and the pressure of arc extinguishing passageway improves several times, effectively blocks the electric arc. The screw generates thrust to the stainless steel gasket and the silica gel assembly, so that the stainless steel gasket and the silica gel assembly are tightly matched with the O-shaped ring and the ceramic tube, the purpose of high-pressure sealing is achieved, high-strength pressure is well prevented from leaking, and the generated high-strength pressure can be guaranteed to act on the electric arc to the maximum.
When the device is struck by lightning, a liquid-electricity effect is generated, a strong impact pressure wave is formed, and the strong impact pressure wave acts on a discharge channel in an impulse or impact pressure mode to cut off electric arcs. Meanwhile, a certain pressure is applied to the arc extinguishing liquid in the ceramic tube, and according to the Pascal principle, the pressure change of a certain part of the static fluid in the closed container is transmitted to all directions invariably, so that a larger acting force is generated on the inner wall of the ceramic tube. The action rebounds after acting on the shell to form an action force with the direction pointing to the center of the ceramic tube, so that the purposes of cutting off the electric arc, reducing the amplitude of the current, reducing the gradient of the lightning wave and prolonging the discharge time of the electric arc are achieved, the arc is effectively extinguished, the structure is simple, and the sealing performance is good.
The external reinforcing structure comprises a top cover plate 31, an insulating screw 33, a bottom cover plate 34 and an insulating cover layer 35, wherein the top cover plate 33 is arranged at the top and the bottom of the high-pressure sealing device
The sleeve cover plate 34 is arranged at the bottom of the high-pressure sealing device, the insulating screw 33 penetrates through the top sleeve cover plate 31 and the bottom sleeve cover plate 34 and is fixedly arranged, the insulating covering layer 35 is arranged on the outer side of the high-pressure sealing device, the top sleeve cover plate 31 and the bottom sleeve cover plate 34 respectively support against the extrusion fixing block 26, and meanwhile the top sleeve cover plate 31 and the bottom sleeve cover plate 34 are provided with screw holes. The fixed effect is better, and the whole arc extinguishing device can bear larger pressure.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a series-parallel arc extinguishing lightning protection device which characterized in that: including sealed arc extinguishing unit (A), upper end arc extinguishing unit (B) and lower tip arc extinguishing unit (C), upper end arc extinguishing unit (B) sets up between insulator chain's top and top tower pole, and lower tip arc extinguishing unit (C) sets up between insulator chain's bottom and bottom tower pole, and sealed arc extinguishing unit (A) passes through the parallelly connected setting of screw rod on insulator chain.
2. The series-parallel arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper end portion arc extinguishing unit (B) and the lower end portion arc extinguishing unit (C) comprise a sealed arc extinguishing unit (A), an upper end screw rod (12), a lower end screw rod (13) and a silica gel sleeve (14), the upper end screw rod (12) is fixedly arranged at the top of the sealed arc extinguishing unit (A) and is connected with a top end tower rod, the lower end screw rod (13) is arranged at the bottom of the sealed arc extinguishing unit (A) and is fixed on a bottom end tower rod, and the silica gel sleeve (14) is sleeved on the sealed arc extinguishing unit (A).
3. The series-parallel arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: sealed arc extinguishing unit (A) sets up to a sealed tube, and the sealed tube both ends set up electrode (1) and lower electrode (6) sealed setting respectively, are provided with insulating oil (2) in the sealed tube, and the side of sealed tube is provided with shirt rim (4), and the sealed tube still includes ceramic pipe (3) and protecting sheathing (5), and protecting sheathing (5) set up in the outside of ceramic pipe (3), and shirt rim (4) set up in the outside of protecting sheathing (5).
4. The series-parallel arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: upper electrode (1) includes upper graphite electrode, middle metal electrode and lower floor's graphite electrode, middle metal electrode fixes the one end at ceramic pipe (3) and protecting sheathing (5), upper graphite electrode sets up the upper strata at middle metal electrode, lower floor's graphite electrode sets up the bottom at middle metal electrode, and set up in ceramic pipe (3), lower electrode (6) are including upper end graphite electrode and bottom metal electrode, the other end at ceramic pipe (3) and protecting sheathing (5) is fixed to bottom metal electrode, upper end graphite electrode sets up in ceramic pipe (3), and be connected with bottom metal electrode.
5. The series-parallel arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sealed arc extinguishing unit (A) is arranged to be a sealed tube, the two ends of the sealed tube are respectively provided with an upper electrode (1) and a lower electrode (6) which are sealed, insulating oil (2) is arranged in the sealed tube, the side edge of the sealed tube is provided with a skirt edge (4), arc extinguishing grids (9) are arranged on the inner side edge of the sealed tube at intervals, and the transverse length of each arc extinguishing grid (9) is greater than the half inner diameter of the sealed tube.
6. The series-parallel arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the bottom of the upper electrode (1) is provided with an upper tip electrode (8), the upper end of the lower electrode (6) is provided with a lower tip electrode (11), the upper tip electrode (8) and the lower tip electrode (11) are vertically arranged relatively, and the upper tip electrode (8) and the lower tip electrode (11) are graphite electrodes.
7. The series-parallel arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: arc extinguishing bars (9) are made by insulating material, and arc extinguishing bars (9) set up to semicircular structure, and arc extinguishing bars (9) that two semicircle inside walls set up in the sealed tube set up alternately, are provided with protruding mound (9) between arc extinguishing bars (9) on the same semicircle, and protruding mound (9) of a semicircle inside wall set up with arc extinguishing bars (9) of another semicircle inside wall relatively.
8. The series-parallel arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the specific working process of the lightning protection device is as follows,
step 1: when a tower or a transmission line is struck by lightning, the fully-sealed liquid arrester discharges before the insulator string, and a lightning arc is poured into an insulating tube in the arrester;
step 2: when arc discharge is initiated in the sealed tube filled with insulating oil, shock waves towards the side edges are generated by the liquid electricity effect;
and step 3: the Pascal effect enhances the liquid electric effect, when electric arcs act on the insulating oil (2), and when a certain part of the static insulating oil (2) generates pressure intensity change, the electric arcs constantly transmit the pressure intensity to all directions of the inner side of the sealing pipe;
and 4, step 4: because be provided with arc extinguishing bars (9) in the sealed tube, electric arc is prolonged at the length of sealed tube, sets up protruding mound (9) simultaneously and increases the surface area of sealed tube, and the impact wave of liquid electric effect and pascal effect returns after the side impact, concentrates to strike the arc channel and extinguish the arc, and three points carry out the arc extinguishing on an electric arc, produce intermittent discharge mode, and breakdown volt second characteristic becomes mild, has also reduced the residual voltage value when having reduced breakdown initial voltage.
9. The series-parallel arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that:
initiating arc discharge in the ceramic tube filled with insulating oil, wherein part of the insulating oil in the discharge channel is instantly vaporized, decomposed and ionized into high-temperature plasma and suddenly expanded to form a mechanical pressure wave which is rapidly propagated outwards, but the liquid can be regarded as a shock wave transmission medium which can not be compressed, so that the mechanical effect of power is shown to the outside when the discharge channel is subjected to liquid-phase discharge, an acting force impacting the wall of the ceramic tube is formed in the ceramic tube, and the wall of the ceramic tube generates a shock wave in the insulating oil medium due to the force interaction;
the specific process of the step 3 is as follows: when an impact electric arc acts on the metal electrode to apply pressure to the insulating oil in the ceramic tube, according to the Pascal principle, a certain part of static fluid in the closed container generates pressure change, the pressure is constantly transmitted to all directions, and then the insulating oil medium around is impacted by a larger acting force from a discharge channel in the ceramic tube, and the acting force rebounds after contacting the wall of the ceramic tube.
10. The series-parallel arc extinguishing lightning protection device according to claim 9, characterized in that:
the concrete process of step 4 is that the pressure in the ceramic tube is increased and the temperature is increased by the liquid electricity effect and the pascal effect, an acting force pointing to the center from the ceramic tube wall is generated, under the acting force, the electric arc moves towards the tip of the arc-extinguishing grid, the length of the electric arc is lengthened by the tip, the temperature of the electric arc is reduced under the condition that the insulating oil blows the electric arc, the electric arc is extinguished more quickly, the longer the electric arc formed in the ceramic tube is, the acting force on the ceramic tube wall is larger, the larger the impact force for cutting off the electric arc is, the impact force is larger, the rebound occurs after the action acts on the shell, the acting force pointing to the center of the insulating tube is formed, the medium generates polarized current in the impact pre-breakdown stage, the breakdown voltage is reduced, the breakdown voltage value corresponding to a short time period is reduced, the breakdown voltage second characteristic corresponding to the medium is changed to be gentle, the arc-extinguishing and frequent reignition mechanism is inhibited, the electric arc intensity is prolonged, the discharge intensity and the steepness are simultaneously greatly attenuated, and the destruction energy release intensity is reduced.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110910658.6A CN113594871A (en) | 2021-08-09 | 2021-08-09 | Series-parallel arc extinguishing lightning protection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110910658.6A CN113594871A (en) | 2021-08-09 | 2021-08-09 | Series-parallel arc extinguishing lightning protection device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113594871A true CN113594871A (en) | 2021-11-02 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110910658.6A Pending CN113594871A (en) | 2021-08-09 | 2021-08-09 | Series-parallel arc extinguishing lightning protection device |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN113594871A (en) |
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- 2021-08-09 CN CN202110910658.6A patent/CN113594871A/en active Pending
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