CN113594523A - Power generation system of molten carbonate fuel cell - Google Patents

Power generation system of molten carbonate fuel cell Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN113594523A
CN113594523A CN202111017876.3A CN202111017876A CN113594523A CN 113594523 A CN113594523 A CN 113594523A CN 202111017876 A CN202111017876 A CN 202111017876A CN 113594523 A CN113594523 A CN 113594523A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
gas
power generation
outlet
fuel cell
molten carbonate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202111017876.3A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
卢成壮
张瑞云
杨冠军
黄华
王菊
程健
白发琪
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
Huaneng Power International Inc
Original Assignee
Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
Huaneng Power International Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute, Huaneng Power International Inc filed Critical Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
Priority to CN202111017876.3A priority Critical patent/CN113594523A/en
Publication of CN113594523A publication Critical patent/CN113594523A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/14—Fuel cells with fused electrolytes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
    • F02C3/22—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being gaseous at standard temperature and pressure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/14—Fuel cells with fused electrolytes
    • H01M2008/147—Fuel cells with molten carbonates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/40—Combination of fuel cells with other energy production systems
    • H01M2250/402—Combination of fuel cell with other electric generators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a power generation system of a molten carbonate fuel cell, which comprises: the cathode gas generating device is provided with a synthesis gas inlet, a combustion-supporting gas inlet, a first reaction gas outlet and a second reaction gas outlet, the first reaction gas outlet is connected to the first power generating device, and the second reaction gas outlet is connected to the cathode chamber; an anode gas generating device having a fuel gas inlet, a recycle gas inlet and a third reactant gas outlet, the third reactant gas outlet being connected to the anode chamber; wherein the outlet of the anode chamber is simultaneously communicated with the cathode gas generating device and the anode gas generating device. The invention provides a molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system with high power generation efficiency.

Description

Power generation system of molten carbonate fuel cell
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a power generation system of a molten carbonate fuel cell.
Background
Molten carbonate fuel cells are one type of high temperature fuel cells that allow the use of a variety of hydrocarbon fuels, operating at 650 c and at pressures that can be standard atmospheric or pressurized conditions where cell performance and efficiency are enhanced. The technology can be used for the fields of kilowatt-level to megawatt-level fixed power generation or cogeneration and the like because the working temperature and pressure conditions of the technology can be selected to replace the traditional gas turbine. The fuel cell tail gas may be combined with a gas turbine to generate additional electricity. The power generation system and the hybrid system using the molten carbonate fuel cell are all the most efficient and the least pollutant emissions, and the tail gas can be combined with carbon dioxide capture technology to produce clean energy. However, the conventional power generation system of the molten carbonate fuel cell generally uses coal powder as a raw material, utilizes tail gas after reaction, and has low power generation efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect of low power generation efficiency of the molten carbonate fuel cell in the prior art, and to provide a power generation system of the molten carbonate fuel cell with high power generation efficiency.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system comprising:
the cathode gas generating device is provided with a synthesis gas inlet, a combustion-supporting gas inlet, a first reaction gas outlet and a second reaction gas outlet, the first reaction gas outlet is connected to the first power generating device, and the second reaction gas outlet is connected to the cathode chamber;
an anode gas generating device having a fuel gas inlet, a recycle gas inlet and a third reactant gas outlet, the third reactant gas outlet being connected to the anode chamber;
wherein the outlet of the anode chamber is simultaneously communicated with the cathode gas generating device and the anode gas generating device.
Optionally, the system further comprises a synthesis gas generation device and an oxidant gas generation device, wherein an outlet of the synthesis gas generation device is communicated with a synthesis gas inlet of the cathode gas generation device, and the oxidant gas generation device is simultaneously communicated with the synthesis gas generation device and the oxidant gas inlet.
Optionally, the fuel of the syngas production plant is biomass waste.
Optionally, the oxidant gas generating device is also in communication with the cathode chamber.
Optionally, a first heat exchanger is further disposed at an inlet of the cathode chamber, an outlet of the cathode chamber is communicated with the first heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger is further connected with a second power generation device.
Optionally, the first power generation device is a gas turbine and the second power generation device is an organic rankine cycle system.
Optionally, the first heat exchanger is further provided with an air inlet.
Optionally, a separator is provided between the outlet of the anode chamber and the cathode gas generator.
Optionally, a second heat exchanger is further disposed between the outlet of the anode chamber and the separation device, and the second heat exchanger is further communicated with the combustion-supporting gas inlet.
Optionally, the heat exchanger further comprises a pressurizing device arranged at the inlet of the second heat exchanger.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system provided by the invention, the synthesis gas and the combustion-supporting gas in the cathode gas generation device are combusted and then are simultaneously introduced into the cathode chamber and the first power generation device, so that the normal reaction of the fuel cell is ensured, the power is generated, the first power generation device can be driven to generate the power, and the first power generation device utilizes the reactant before the electrochemical reaction of the cathode and the anode of the fuel cell, so that the power generation efficiency is higher.
2. According to the power generation system of the molten carbonate fuel cell, the biomass garbage is used as the raw material of the synthesis gas, so that low-carbon emission with the biomass garbage as the fuel cell is realized, and the utilization rate of energy is effectively improved.
3. According to the power generation system of the molten carbonate fuel cell, the outlet of the cathode chamber is connected with the second power generation device, so that the power generation efficiency is further improved.
4. According to the power generation system of the molten carbonate fuel cell, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are arranged, so that the utilization of tail gas heat is realized, and the energy utilization rate is further improved.
5. According to the molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system provided by the invention, the separation device is arranged between the outlet of the anode cavity and the cathode gas generation device, so that the separation of carbon dioxide and unreacted synthesis gas is realized, and the separated synthesis gas participates in the combustion reaction again, so that the cyclic utilization is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system provided by the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. biomass waste; 2. a syngas generation plant; 3. ash; 4. air; 5. nitrogen gas; 6. a combustion-supporting gas generating device; 7. oxygen gas; 8. a pressurizing device; 9. a second heat exchanger; 10. synthesis gas; 11. a cathode gas generating device; 12. carbon dioxide; 13. a first heat exchanger; 14. low temperature carbon dioxide; 15. a second power generation device; 16. a fuel gas; 17. an anode gas generating device; 18. a first mixing tank; 19. a cathode chamber; 20. an anode chamber; 21. a separation device; 22. liquid carbon dioxide; 23. unreacted synthesis gas; 24. enriched carbon dioxide; 25. a first power generation device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In one embodiment of the molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system shown in fig. 1, the municipal solid waste is used as fuel, and oxygen is used as combustion-supporting gas, and the system comprises a synthesis gas generation device 2, a combustion-supporting gas generation device 6, a cathode gas generation device 11, a cathode chamber 19, a first power generation device 25, a second power generation device 15, an anode gas generation device 17 and an anode chamber 20.
The synthetic gas generating device is a gasification furnace which is provided with a biomass garbage inlet, an oxygen inlet, a synthetic gas outlet and a reactant outlet.
The combustion-supporting gas generating device is an air separator and is provided with an air inlet, an oxygen outlet and a nitrogen outlet, and the oxygen outlet is communicated with the oxygen inlet of the gasification furnace.
The cathode gas generating device is a combustion chamber and is provided with a synthetic gas inlet, a combustion-supporting gas inlet, a first reaction gas outlet and a second reaction gas outlet, the synthetic gas inlet is communicated with the synthetic gas outlet of the gasification furnace, the combustion-supporting gas inlet is communicated with the oxygen outlet of the air separator, and a compressor serving as a pressurizing device 8 and a second heat exchanger 9 are sequentially arranged between the oxygen outlet and the combustion-supporting gas inlet. The first reaction gas outlet is connected to a first power generation device, the first power generation device is a gas turbine, the second reaction gas outlet is connected to the cathode chamber, a first mixing tank 18 is further arranged between the second reaction gas outlet and the inlet of the cathode chamber, the inlet of the first mixing tank is connected with a first heat exchanger 13, and air enters the cathode chamber after being subjected to heat exchange through the first heat exchanger.
And an outlet of the cathode chamber is communicated with the first heat exchanger so as to exchange heat between the reacted tail gas and air and preheat the reacted tail gas, the gas after heat exchange enters a second power generation device connected with the first heat exchanger to generate extra power, and the second power generation device is an organic Rankine cycle system. And the air after heat exchange enters the first mixing tank, is mixed with carbon dioxide generated in the combustion chamber and then enters the cathode chamber for reaction.
The anode gas generating device has a fuel gas inlet, a recycle gas inlet and a third reactant gas outlet connected to the anode chamber. The anode gas generating device is a second mixing tank, after flowing out from a third reaction gas outlet, part of the carbon dioxide enriched in the anode chamber enters the second mixing tank through a circulating gas inlet to participate in the anode reaction, the other part of the carbon dioxide exchanges heat with the oxygen entering the combustion chamber after exchanging heat through a second heat exchanger, the other part of the carbon dioxide directly enters the separating device 21, the separating device is a low-temperature carbon dioxide separating device, a membrane separation or chemical adsorption separating device is adopted to separate the carbon dioxide into liquid carbon dioxide and unreacted synthesis gas, and the unreacted synthesis gas enters the combustion chamber again to participate in the reaction.
The method comprises the following steps that urban domestic biomass garbage 1 enters a gasification furnace, air 4 enters an air separator and is separated into oxygen 7, nitrogen 5 and the like, the nitrogen and other gases are directly discharged through a nitrogen outlet of the air separator, the oxygen sequentially enters the gasification furnace through the oxygen outlet and an oxygen inlet and reacts with the urban domestic biomass garbage to generate synthesis gas 10 (hydrogen and carbon monoxide) and ash 3, the temperature of the gasification furnace is 800 ℃, the ash is directly discharged through a reactant outlet, and the synthesis gas sequentially enters a combustion chamber through a synthesis gas outlet and a synthesis gas inlet. Meanwhile, oxygen separated from the air separator sequentially passes through the compressor and the second heat exchanger and then enters the combustion chamber to react with the synthesis gas, so that the gas turbine is driven to generate electric power; the carbon dioxide 12 produced by the reaction then enters the first mixing tank. Air is preheated by the first heat exchanger and then enters the first mixing tank, the air and carbon dioxide are mixed and then enter the cathode chamber, tail gas after reaction of the cathode chamber enters the first heat exchanger to preheat the air, and low-temperature carbon dioxide 14 after heat exchange enters the organic Rankine cycle system to generate extra electric power. The fuel gas 16 directly enters the second mixing tank, is mixed with the carbon dioxide after the reaction in the anode chamber, and then enters the anode chamber to generate electrochemical reaction with the gas in the cathode chamber to generate electric power; after flowing out from the third reaction gas outlet, one part of the carbon dioxide 24 enriched in the anode chamber enters the second mixing tank through the circulating gas inlet to participate in the anode reaction, the other part of the carbon dioxide exchanges heat with the oxygen entering the combustion chamber after exchanging heat through the second heat exchanger, the other part of the carbon dioxide directly enters the separation device to be separated into liquid carbon dioxide 22 and unreacted synthesis gas 23, and the unreacted synthesis gas enters the combustion chamber again to participate in the reaction.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system, comprising:
the cathode gas generating device is provided with a synthesis gas inlet, a combustion-supporting gas inlet, a first reaction gas outlet and a second reaction gas outlet, the first reaction gas outlet is connected to the first power generating device, and the second reaction gas outlet is connected to the cathode chamber;
an anode gas generating device having a fuel gas inlet, a recycle gas inlet and a third reactant gas outlet, the third reactant gas outlet being connected to the anode chamber;
wherein the outlet of the anode chamber is simultaneously communicated with the cathode gas generating device and the anode gas generating device.
2. The molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, further comprising a syngas generation device and an oxidant gas generation device, an outlet of the syngas generation device being in communication with a syngas inlet of the cathode gas generation device, the oxidant gas generation device being in communication with both the syngas generation device and the oxidant gas inlet.
3. The molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system of claim 2, wherein the fuel of the syngas generation plant is biomass waste.
4. The molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system of claim 2, wherein the oxidant gas generation device is further in communication with the cathode chamber.
5. The molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a first heat exchanger is further provided at the inlet of the cathode chamber, the outlet of the cathode chamber is in communication with the first heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger is further connected to a second power generation device.
6. The molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system according to claim 5, wherein the first power generation device is a gas turbine and the second power generation device is an organic Rankine cycle system.
7. The molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system of claim 5, wherein the first heat exchanger is further provided with an air inlet.
8. The molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system of any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a separation device disposed between the outlet of the anode chamber and a cathode gas generation device.
9. The molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system of claim 8, further comprising a second heat exchanger between the outlet of the anode chamber and the separation device, the second heat exchanger further communicating with the oxidant gas inlet.
10. The molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system of claim 9, further comprising a pressurizing device provided at an inlet of the second heat exchanger.
CN202111017876.3A 2021-08-31 2021-08-31 Power generation system of molten carbonate fuel cell Pending CN113594523A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111017876.3A CN113594523A (en) 2021-08-31 2021-08-31 Power generation system of molten carbonate fuel cell

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111017876.3A CN113594523A (en) 2021-08-31 2021-08-31 Power generation system of molten carbonate fuel cell

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN113594523A true CN113594523A (en) 2021-11-02

Family

ID=78240734

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202111017876.3A Pending CN113594523A (en) 2021-08-31 2021-08-31 Power generation system of molten carbonate fuel cell

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN113594523A (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
RU2601873C2 (en) Solid-oxide fuel cell high-efficiency reform-and-recirculate system
CN101427408B (en) Integrated high efficiency fossil fuel power plant/fuel cell system with co2 emissions abatement
US20200014046A1 (en) Solid-oxide fuel cell systems
CN207542331U (en) A kind of tandem melting carbonate fuel cell generation system
CN107221695B (en) Fuel cell system for producing hydrogen by biomass gasification and power generation method thereof
CN111525166B (en) Hybrid high temperature fuel cell power generation system and method
CN109301283A (en) A kind of band CO2The integral coal gasification fuel cell system of trapping
CN210068320U (en) Combined power generation system for biomass gasification driven by solar energy
CN108417876A (en) A kind of high-temperature fuel cell coupled electricity-generation system and method
CN209374564U (en) A kind of integral coal gasification fuel cell system of band CO2 trapping
KR101441491B1 (en) Intergrated gasification combined cycle coupled fuel cells system and gas supplying method thereto
CN112864432B (en) System and method for generating power by using synthesis gas high-temperature fuel cell
KR101978374B1 (en) Fuel cell-engine hybrid power generation system with multi-stage reformer structure
CN116317175B (en) Solar-driven RSOC distributed poly-generation system and co-generation method thereof
CN215418261U (en) Power generation system of molten carbonate fuel cell
CN114526158B (en) Energy and substance conversion system and method based on carbon dioxide hydrogenation
CN107863542B (en) Combustion reformer applied to fuel cell power generation system or hydrogen generator
AU2022204009B2 (en) Hybrid power plant with CO2 capture
CN114665120B (en) SOFC-GT hybrid power generation system based on multi-type fuel
KR101438110B1 (en) Combined power generation system
CN113594523A (en) Power generation system of molten carbonate fuel cell
CN115354345A (en) Photovoltaic photo-thermal coupling co-electrolysis combined garbage power generation comprehensive energy system and process method thereof
CN211789285U (en) Purge gas utilization system based on fuel cell combined power generation
CN109944700B (en) Gas turbine and fuel cell combined power generation method
KR101739583B1 (en) Fuel cell-engine hybrid power generation system with parallel reformer structure

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination