CN113589361B - Quick dividing method for offset vector slices of seismic data - Google Patents

Quick dividing method for offset vector slices of seismic data Download PDF

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CN113589361B
CN113589361B CN202010361237.8A CN202010361237A CN113589361B CN 113589361 B CN113589361 B CN 113589361B CN 202010361237 A CN202010361237 A CN 202010361237A CN 113589361 B CN113589361 B CN 113589361B
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offset
transverse
longitudinal
calculating
offset vector
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CN113589361A (en
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汪浩
唐祥功
尚新民
王修敏
李美梅
王荣伟
龚剑
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Geophysical Research Institute of Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Co
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Geophysical Research Institute of Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Co
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/28Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection

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Abstract

The invention provides a quick dividing method of a seismic data offset vector slice, which comprises the following steps: establishing a rectangular coordinate system, wherein a wave detection line and a gun line are respectively parallel to the two coordinate axes; calculating transverse distance vectors from all shot points in the acquisition template of the observation system to each detection line and transverse packet numbers of all shot distance vectors; calculating longitudinal components of offset vectors from shot points to each detection point in the template acquired by the observation system and longitudinal packet numbers of all offset vectors; calculating the transverse component of offset vector of each data in the actual data and the transverse grouping number; a longitudinal component of the offset vector for each track of data in the actual data is calculated, and a longitudinal group number is calculated. According to the method, cross arrangement is not required to be extracted, offset vector pieces can be divided rapidly, the method can adapt to the changing conditions of gun channel missing and gun line supplementing, the receiving line and gun line deviating from preset positions and the like, and the offset vector pieces can be divided on spliced data of different observation systems.

Description

Quick dividing method for offset vector slices of seismic data
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seismic data processing, in particular to a quick dividing method for a seismic data offset vector slice
Background
In processing wide-azimuth seismic data, some critical processing flows (such as data regularization and prestack time migration) typically need to be done in either the OVT (Offset Vector Tile, offset vector slice) domain or the COV (Common OffsetVector, co-offset vector) domain. Currently, although some commercial seismic data processing software (such as Omega from Schlumberger and Geoeast from BGP) provides OVT partitioning modules, implementation details of the method are kept strictly secret. The monograph and the paper of the clear OVT dividing method are both dividing methods based on cross arrangement, are all aimed at the data of a non-subdivision face element observation system, and cannot solve the OVT dividing problem caused by the data splicing of different observation systems.
In application number: 201910445521.0 relates to a method for rapidly sorting COV gathers of marine wide-azimuth seismic data. The method calculates cross arrangement intersection point coordinates of the full working area through a shot line file S, a receiving line file R and a shot-detection relation file X of the full working area, and then divides COV groups (namely OVT groups) by using 2 times of shot line spacing and 2 times of detection line spacing. The method has the following problems: (1) the method is only suitable for OVT division of an observation system of non-subdivision surface elements, and errors can be generated when the OVT division is directly divided by using 2 times of cannon line spacing and 2 times of wave detection line spacing, and the division number is far more than the coverage number of the observation system; (2) the method can not divide the OVT groups of splicing materials of different observation systems, because cross arrangement intersection point coordinates of different observation systems are different, gun line spacing and detection line spacing are different, and in addition, when grid directions of different observation systems are different, the method obviously can not establish uniform cross arrangement to divide the OVT groups in different directions.
Therefore, the invention discloses a novel quick dividing method for offset vector slices, and solves the technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a quick dividing method of a offset vector slice of seismic data, which does not need to extract cross arrangement and divides the offset vector slice by decomposing the offset vector into a horizontal component and a vertical component in a rectangular coordinate system. And determining the horizontal and vertical intervals of the offset vector piece groups by analyzing and calculating the relation among the shot point, the wave detection point, the shot line and the wave detection line of the observation system. When the data of a plurality of observation systems are spliced, the OVT division is uniformly carried out according to the main block observation system. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for dividing offset vector slices comprises the following steps: 1) Establishing a rectangular coordinate system, fixing a horizontal direction abscissa X to be parallel to a gun line, and fixing a vertical direction ordinate Y to be parallel to a detection line;
2) Calculating transverse components dx of offset vectors from all shot points in a theoretical observation system acquisition template to each detection line;
3) Calculating a transverse grouping number sx of the offset vector, wherein if 2 times of the least common multiple of the offset and the detection line distance is gx, the transverse grouping number of the offset vector is as follows: sx= [ dx/gx ] +1 (when dx >0, the bracket in the formula represents rounding), sx= [ dx/gx ] -1 (when dx <0, the bracket in the formula represents rounding), note that when the distance between the two furthest shots in the acquisition template is greater than the detection line distance, the maximum transverse offset dxmax is forced to be divided into the previous group, that is, sxmax= [ dxmax/gx ] (note that dxmax has signs with sxmax, the bracket in the formula represents rounding);
4) Calculating longitudinal components dy of offset vectors from shot points to each detection point in the template acquired by the observation system;
5) Calculating the longitudinal group number sy of the offset vector, wherein if the 2 times of the least common multiple of the offset and the detection point distance is gy, the longitudinal group number of the offset vector is: sy= [ dy/gy ] +1 (dy >0, wherein brackets represent integers), sy= [ dy/gy ] -1 (dy <0, wherein brackets represent integers), and the packet number corresponding to the maximum longitudinal offset dymax is symax (note that dymax has signs with symax);
6) Calculating a transverse component dx of offset vectors of each data in the actual data;
7) Calculating a transverse grouping number according to the step 3, wherein when the transverse offset dx=0, the transverse grouping number sx=1 can be forced, and when the transverse offset dx is larger than the maximum transverse offset dxmax of the theoretical observation system, the transverse grouping number sx can be forced to be equal to the maximum theoretical grouping number sxmax (note that dx, dxmax and sxmax have signs, the signs are the same, and the magnitude refers to an absolute value);
8) Calculating a longitudinal component dy of offset vectors of each channel of data in the actual data;
9) The longitudinal group number is calculated in step 5, and when the longitudinal offset dy=0, the longitudinal group number sy=1 is forced, and when the longitudinal offset dy is greater than the maximum longitudinal offset dymax of the theoretical observation system, the longitudinal group number sy is forced to be equal to the maximum theoretical group number symax (note dy, dymax have signs and the sign are the same, and the magnitude refers to the absolute value).
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages: 1. only the longitudinal and transverse components of the offset are calculated, the OVT is grouped according to the offset, the detection line distance, the shot point distance and the detection line distance, cross arrangement is not required to be extracted, and the calculation speed is higher; 2. the device can adapt to the change conditions of gun channel deletion, gun line compensation and the like, such as the deviation of a receiving line and a gun line from a preset position; 3. after the parameters of the main block observation system are fixed, the spliced data of different observation systems are directly subjected to OVT grouping according to the parameters of the main block; 4. the system can be simultaneously suitable for subdivided face elements and non-subdivided face element observation systems, and when the non-subdivided face element observation systems are divided, 2 times of the minimum common multiple of the horizontal grouping interval cannon point distances and the detection line distances are equal to 2 times of the detection line distances, and 2 times of the minimum common multiple of the longitudinal grouping interval cannon point distances and the detection line distances are equal to 2 times of the cannon line distances.
Description of the drawings and the accompanying tables
FIG. 1 is an acquisition template of an observation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of an observation system collecting all offset vectors and their groupings in a template in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of one embodiment of a method for rapid dividing of a seismic data offset vector slice according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, so that the objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather are merely illustrative of the true spirit of the invention.
Taking seismic data OVT collected by a certain oil field as an example, the data is a collecting and observing system of transverse subdivision surface elements (a collecting and observing system of which the receiving line distance cannot be divided by the shot distance), main parameters of the observing system are shown in table 1, and a collecting template of the observing system is shown in fig. 1. FIG. 2 is a diagram of an exemplary embodiment of an observation system that collects all offset vectors and their groupings in a template.
Table 1 observation system parameter table
As shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for rapid dividing of a seismic data offset vector slice according to the present invention.
And 101, establishing a rectangular coordinate system, wherein a horizontal coordinate X in a fixed horizontal direction is parallel to a gun line, a vertical coordinate Y in a fixed vertical direction is parallel to a wave detection line direction, and a fixed coordinate origin is positioned at a first wave detection point on a 1 st wave detection line in an acquisition template of an observation system. After the coordinate system is fixed, the coordinates of the offset point are as follows: the jth spot on the ith line has an abscissa of 125 x (i-1) (where i=1, 2,3, … …, 40), an ordinate of 25 x (j-1) (where j=1, 2,3, … …, 240), and the kth shot coordinates of (2287.5+50 x k, 2987.5) (where k=1, 2,3,4, 5).
Step 102, calculating the transverse component of all offset in the acquisition template of the observation system, namely the transverse distance dx from all shot points to each detection line.
Offset vector transverse component dx from kth shot to jth shot on ith detection line i,j,k =125×(i-1)-(2287.5+50 Xk). Wherein the two largest components are dx 1,j,5 =-2537.5,dx 40,j,1 =2537.5。
Step 103, calculating all offset vector transverse packet numbers sx in the acquisition template of the observation system.
The shot distance is 50m, the detection line distance is 125m, the least common multiple of the shot distance and the detection line distance is 250m, and gx=500 m. Offset vector transverse packet number sx from kth shot to jth shot on ith detection line i,j,k =[dxi,j,k/500]+1(dx>0, wherein brackets represent integers), sx= [ dx i,j,k /500]-1(dx<0, brackets in the formula indicate rounding). Since the 1 st shot to 5 th shot distance is 200m, which is greater than the detection line distance 125m, the maximum two dx are forced to be grouped, dx 1,j,5 Group number sx 1,j,5 =-5,dx 40,j,1 Group number sx 40,j,1 The range of sx =5, sx [ -5,5]And does not include an integer of 0.
Step 104, calculating longitudinal components of all offset in the acquisition template of the observation system, namely longitudinal components dy of offset vectors from shot point to each wave point.
Offset vector longitudinal component dy from kth shot to jth shot on kth detection line i,j,k =25×(j-1)-2987.5。
Step 105, calculating longitudinal group numbers sy of all offset vectors in the acquisition template of the observation system.
150m cannon line distance, 25m detector point distance, and their least common multiple is 150m, gy=300 m. Offset vector longitudinal packet number sy from kth shot to jth shot on ith detection line i,j,k =[dy i,j,k /300]+1(dy>0, where brackets represent integers), sy= [ dy ] i,j,k /300]-1(dy<0, brackets in the formula indicate rounding). The value range of sy is [ -10,10]And does not include an integer of 0.
The observation system collects all longitudinal and transverse packet numbers and offset components in the template as shown in table 2. Note that in group 5 laterally, the offset absolute value ranges from 2012.5m to 2537.5m, with a range greater than in group 4.
Table 2 the observation system collects all offset vectors in the template and its grouping table
The dividing result of all offset vectors in the template collected by the observation system is shown in fig. 2, wherein color codes in the figure are offset absolute values, grid lines are longitudinal and transverse OVT grouping boundary lines, wherein 10 groups in the transverse direction and 20 groups in the longitudinal direction are the same as the coverage times of the observation system.
Step 106, calculate the lateral component dx of offset vector for each data track in the actual data.
Step 107, calculating the transverse grouping number of each data in the actual data according to step 103, forcing when the transverse offset dx=0
sx=1, when dx >2537.5m sx=5 is forced, when dx < -2537.5m sx= -5 is forced.
Step 108, calculating the longitudinal component dy of offset vector of each track of data in the actual data.
Step 109, calculating the longitudinal group number of each data in the actual data according to step 105, forcing when the longitudinal offset dy=0
sy=1, sy=10 is forced when dy >2987.5, and sy= -10 is forced when dy < -2987.5 m.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, wherein the positioning mode of the rectangular coordinate system, the calculation mode of each step, etc. may be changed, and all equivalent transformation and improvement performed on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention should not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A quick dividing method of a seismic data offset vector slice is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Establishing a rectangular coordinate system, wherein a wave detection line and a gun line are respectively parallel to the two coordinate axes;
2) Calculating transverse components of all offset distances in the acquisition template of the observation system, namely transverse distance dx from each shot point to each detection line;
3) Calculating transverse packet numbers sx of all offset vectors in the acquisition template of the observation system;
4) Calculating longitudinal components of all offset distances in the acquisition template of the observation system, namely longitudinal distance dy from a shot point to each wave detection point;
5) Calculating longitudinal packet numbers sy of all offset vectors in the acquisition template of the observation system;
6) Calculating the transverse component of offset vector of each data in the actual data;
7) Calculating the offset vector transverse packet number of each data in the actual data according to the step 3);
8) Calculating longitudinal components of offset vectors of each data in the actual data;
9) Calculating the longitudinal block number of offset vector of each data in the actual data according to the step 5).
2. The rapid offset vector sheet division method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1), a fixed horizontal direction abscissa X is parallel to a shot line, and a fixed vertical direction ordinate Y is parallel to a detection line direction.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the group distance of the transverse grouping is 2 times of the least common multiple of the shot distance and the detector line distance, and the value is gx, and when dx >0, the group number sx= [ dx/gx ] +1 of the transverse grouping of the offset vector is represented by a bracket in the formula; dx <0, offset vector transverse grouping number sx= [ dx/gx ] -1, where brackets represent rounding.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in said step 3), when the distance between the two most distant shots in the acquisition template is greater than the detection line distance, the maximum lateral offset dxmax is forced into the previous group, sxmax= [ dxmax/gx ], where dxmax and sxmax have signs, and where brackets represent rounding.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step 5), the group distance of the vertical grouping is 2 times of the least common multiple of the offset and the detector point distance, and the value is gy, and when dy >0, the group number sy= [ dy/gy ] +1 of the vertical grouping of the offset vector is represented by a bracket in the formula; dy <0, offset vector vertical grouping number sy= [ dy/gy ] -1, where brackets represent rounding.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step 7), the transverse packet number sx=1 is forced when the transverse offset dx=0, and the transverse packet number sx is forced to be equal to the maximum theoretical packet number sxmax when the transverse offset dx is greater than the maximum transverse offset dxmax of the theoretical observation system, dx, dxmax and sxmax have signs, the signs of which are the same, and the magnitudes refer to absolute values.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step 9), when the longitudinal offset dy=0, the longitudinal packet number sy=1 is forced, when the longitudinal offset dy is greater than the maximum longitudinal offset dymax of the theoretical observation system, the longitudinal packet number sy is forced to be equal to the maximum theoretical packet number symax, dy, dymax and symax have signs, the signs are the same, and the magnitude refers to the absolute value.
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