CN113585532A - Ultra-thin layer masonry mortar roller construction method - Google Patents
Ultra-thin layer masonry mortar roller construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113585532A CN113585532A CN202011540842.8A CN202011540842A CN113585532A CN 113585532 A CN113585532 A CN 113585532A CN 202011540842 A CN202011540842 A CN 202011540842A CN 113585532 A CN113585532 A CN 113585532A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
- E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
- E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
- E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
- E04G21/20—Tools or apparatus for applying mortar
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
- E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
- E04G21/20—Tools or apparatus for applying mortar
- E04G21/206—Devices to apply thin-bed mortar joints
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
- E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
- E04G21/22—Tools or apparatus for setting building elements with mortar, e.g. bricklaying machines
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Abstract
The invention relates to a drum-type construction method of ultrathin layer masonry mortar, which comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing building blocks; preparing ultrathin layer masonry mortar; clearing and leveling the base surface; placing the first building block on the base surface coated with mortar, and placing the second building block after aligning and leveling to ensure that the tenons and the grooves on the two sides of the two connected building blocks are aligned and clamped; placing the Nth building block in sequence to complete the building of the first layer of building blocks; using a drum-type distributor to uniformly lay the mortar on the upper surface of the first layer of building blocks; sixthly, adopting a single-side mortar coating or double-side mortar coating method when building the second layer of building blocks, and ensuring the staggered joint and the building of the building blocks; seventhly, building a third layer of building blocks; and eighthly, repeating the step 7, and sequentially building to the required height. The construction method has the characteristics of uniform thickness of the paste coating surface, smooth surface, high bonding strength, high masonry precision, good heat insulation effect, shock resistance and shock absorption, high safety, convenient and quick construction, material cost saving and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a construction method of an ultrathin layer masonry mortar roller, belonging to the technical field of wall masonry.
Background
Building energy conservation is the main content for executing national environmental protection and energy conservation policies, and is an important component for implementing national economic sustainable development strategy. The high-precision sintered self-heat-insulation building block is a novel wall material, has the advantages of light weight, high porosity, good heat insulation and the like, and has wide application prospect. Because the flatness of the product can reach within 1mm, the hole rate reaches more than 50%, and the wall thickness of the hole is only 2-4 mm, if the traditional masonry construction method is still adopted, the following major problems exist: 1. the mortar joint thickness of the traditional masonry construction method is large, so that the thermal bridge effect is easily caused, and the heat insulation effect of the wall is reduced; 2. the construction method for coating mortar by using the manual trowel is easy to cause uneven mortar joint thickness and masonry surface coating plumpness, so that mortar joint shrinkage is inconsistent, masonry surfaces crack and the quality of the whole masonry is reduced; 3. for hollow building block products, mortar is easy to waste due to a traditional building mode, and the cost of engineering materials is increased; 4. the traditional masonry mode has low construction efficiency and influences the construction period; 5. other construction methods of the viscous paste have high requirements on the viscous paste process, waste time and labor and are not beneficial to large-scale application in the market. In order to solve the problems, a necessary construction method for developing ultrathin layer masonry mortar suitable for high-precision sintered self-insulation building blocks is researched, and meanwhile, the construction method has important promotion significance for the development of wall masonry technology.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the ultrathin layer masonry mortar roller construction method which has the characteristics of uniform mortar coating surface thickness, smooth surface, high bonding strength, high masonry precision, good heat insulation effect, shock resistance and shock absorption, high safety, convenience and quickness in construction, material cost saving and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a drum-type construction method of ultrathin layer masonry mortar comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing building blocks: the building blocks are sintered heat-insulating hollow building blocks and are fully watered with water one day before the building; one side or the corresponding two sides of the sintered heat-preservation hollow building blocks are provided with continuous grooves or tenons, and the tenons and the grooves at the two sides of the two building blocks can be aligned and clamped during building;
(2) preparing ultrathin layer masonry mortar: adding 28-30 wt% of water into the ultrathin layer masonry mortar dry powder at normal temperature, uniformly stirring, and standing for 5-10 minutes for later use;
(3) base surface cleaning and leveling: cleaning a base surface to be built and removing the protruding part; leveling the base surface by using ultrathin layer masonry mortar, and checking the flatness by using a leveling rod; determining a masonry sideline, and uniformly erecting leather tree poles by using a level gauge;
(4) placing the wet first building block on a base surface coated with ultrathin layer masonry mortar, lightly tapping and righting by using a rubber hammer, and leveling for the second time by using a horizontal ruler; placing a second building block, aligning the side tenon of the second building block with the side groove of the first building block, and aligning and clamping the tenons and the grooves on two sides of the two connected building blocks; sequentially placing the Nth building block, and repeating the operations to complete the building of the first layer of building blocks;
(5) pouring the prepared ultrathin layer masonry mortar into a roller type distributor, placing the roller type distributor at a position with the inclination not more than 40 degrees and the distribution surface crossing the horizontal section of the building block, then slowly dragging the distributor to the distribution side of the masonry surface, keeping a roller at a constant speed to drive the ultrathin layer masonry mortar to roll, and uniformly laying the ultrathin layer masonry mortar on the upper surface of the first layer of building block;
(6) and (3) during the building of the second layer of building blocks, coating the slurry by adopting a single-side slurry coating method: aligning to a leather counting rod, sequentially finishing building of a second layer of building blocks on the first layer of building blocks, tapping and righting by using a rubber hammer to ensure that tenons and grooves on two sides of two connected building blocks are aligned and clamped, starting from a corner or a T-shaped joint of a wall body to one side during building, and ensuring staggered joint building of the building blocks;
(7) uniformly paving the ultrathin layer masonry mortar on the upper surface of the second layer of building blocks by using a roller type distributor by adopting the method in the step 5; building the third layer of building blocks by adopting the slurry coating method in the step (6);
(8) and (5) repeating the step (7), and sequentially building to the required height.
And (3) during the building of the second layer of building blocks in the step (6), coating slurry by adopting a double-faced slurry coating method: aligning a leather counting rod, before building, adopting the method in the step (5), coating ultrathin layer building mortar on the joint surface of the second layer of building blocks and the first layer of building blocks by using a drum-type distributor, sequentially finishing building the second layer of building blocks on the first layer of building blocks, tapping and righting by using a rubber hammer to align and clamp tenons and grooves on two sides of two connected building blocks, starting from the corner or T-shaped joint of a wall body to one side during building, and ensuring staggered joint building of the building blocks.
The stirred ultrathin layer masonry mortar is used up within 2-3 hours.
The ultrathin layer masonry mortar dry powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 250-430 parts of cement, 195-375 parts of recycled fine powder containing red bricks, 300-525 parts of fine sand, 6-10 parts of redispersible latex powder, 1.5-2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, 0.2-1.05 parts of a water reducing agent and 0.3-0.5 part of wood fibers;
the mass percentage of the fine sand with the particle size of 0.3mm < 0.6mm in the fine sand is 0-10%, the mass percentage of the fine sand with the particle size of 0.15mm < 0.3mm in the fine sand is 80-90%, and the mass percentage of the fine sand with the particle size of 0.15mm < 5-10%; the mass percentage of the regenerated fine powder with the particle size of 0.15mm and the particle size of less than or equal to 0.6mm in the regenerated fine powder containing the red bricks is 24-28%, the mass percentage of the regenerated fine powder with the particle size of 0.075mm and the particle size of less than or equal to 0.15mm is 16-20%, and the mass percentage of the regenerated fine powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.075mm is 50-56%.
The cement is ordinary Portland cement with the model number of P.O42.5; the water reducing agent is an ether polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent; the gray level of the redispersible latex powder is less than or equal to 10 percent; the viscosity of the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether is 100000 mPa.s; the wood fiber is a plant fiber with the particle size of 0.8-2 mm; in the regenerated fine powder containing the red bricks, the mass percent of silicon dioxide is 50-60%, the mass percent of potassium oxide and sodium oxide is 3-4%, and the mass percent of sulfide and sulfate is 0.3-0.6%; the mass percentage of the sulfide to the sulfate is calculated as SO 3; the fineness of the regenerated fine powder containing the red bricks is 18-22%, the density of the regenerated fine powder is 2.54-2.76 Ag/cm 3, and the loss on ignition is 9-12%.
The preparation method of the recycled fine powder containing the red bricks comprises the following steps: conveying the construction waste containing the red bricks which is classified and conveyed to a construction waste disposal site, processing the construction waste by using a movable impact crusher and a sieving machine, removing light impurities and steel impurities in the construction waste containing the red bricks by impurity sorting and magnetic sorting in the sieving process, and sieving to obtain construction waste particles containing the red bricks with the particle sizes of 0-5 mm, 5-10 mm and 10-40 mm, wherein the mass percentage of red brick aggregates in the construction waste particles containing the red bricks with the particle sizes of 0-5 mm is 53-58%; drying and air-separating the construction waste particles containing the red bricks with the particle size of 0-5 mm, and obtaining the construction waste particles containing the red bricks with the particle size of 0-0.6 mm as regeneration fine powder containing the red bricks, wherein the mass percentage of red brick fine powder in the regeneration fine powder containing the red bricks is 68-72%.
The drum-type distributing device comprises a pulp hopper, a pulp rolling drum and a handle; the handle comprises a horizontal traction handle and a push-pull handle which are respectively fixed above the pulp hopper and at the rear end of the pulp hopper; the pulp rolling cylinder is erected between the inner walls of the pulp hopper sides; the pulp hopper is a cuboid cavity body with the top surface and one side surface dug; the two side walls of the front end of the pulp hopper extend forwards to support the pulp rolling cylinder in the middle, and a gap A is left between the circumferential surface of the pulp rolling cylinder and the bottom surface of the pulp hopper; two protrusions are respectively arranged on two sides of the front end of the pulp hopper, and a clamping groove is formed between the two protrusions; the rear end of the pulp bucket extends backwards out of the push-pull handle; the upper part of the pulp bucket is provided with a horizontal traction handle connected with the left side wall and the right side wall of the pulp bucket; the axle center of the pulp rolling cylinder is penetrated by the fixed shaft and is connected with the forward extending part of the pulp hopper; a plurality of annular bulges are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the mortar rolling barrel, and an annular mortar containing thin groove is formed between each adjacent annular bulge and the surface of the mortar rolling barrel; the length of the pulp rolling cylinder is matched with the distance between the inner walls of the pulp hopper sides; two ends of the fixed shaft are arranged outside the side wall of the pulp hopper, one end of the fixed shaft is a square thin plate matched with the clamping groove, and the other end of the fixed shaft is an external thread; one end of the external thread of the fixed shaft is matched with the butterfly nut.
An angle iron with a right angle below is fixed at the lower part of the pulp hopper; the gap A is 5-7 mm.
The length of the mortar rolling cylinder is equivalent to the width of a building block to be built; the base body of the slurry rolling barrel is of a tubular structure, plugs are arranged at two ends of the slurry rolling barrel, and holes matched with the diameter of the fixed shaft are formed in the plugs.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the traditional manual trowel coating method, the construction method of the invention adopts the roller type mortar distributor, can better control the coating thickness, improve the uniformity of the coating surface and avoid the problems of cracking of the masonry surface and the like caused by inconsistent shrinkage of mortar joints due to uneven coating surface. The mortar joint thickness of the masonry wall body can be controlled to be 1-2 mm, the thermal bridge effect caused by the large mortar joint thickness is avoided, the heat insulation effect of the wall body is improved, the operation is simple, the construction speed is high, and the construction efficiency is improved.
The main raw material of the ultrathin layer masonry mortar used in the construction method is the recycled fine powder, and the recycled thin layer masonry mortar is filled with fine pores due to the source and the production processing technology, so that the recycled thin layer masonry mortar has smaller bulk density, namely, compared with the mortar made of natural sandstone materials, the recycled thin layer masonry mortar with the same quality has larger paving area during construction, and has smaller heat conductivity coefficient, and the cold and hot bridge phenomenon of a wall body is greatly reduced. The ultrathin layer masonry mortar used in the invention has long working open time, is easy to pave and construct, has the characteristic of cracking resistance, can ensure the tightness of the whole wall body, and obviously improves the durability and quality of the whole building outer wall.
According to the construction method, one side or two corresponding sides of the sintered heat-insulation building block are provided with continuous grooves or tenons, only the upper surface and the lower surface are bonded by ultrathin masonry mortar during masonry, staggered joints are built, and the side surfaces are spliced by the tenons and the grooves to form a wall body structure stacked layer by layer. The construction method has the characteristics of uniform thickness of the paste coating surface, smooth surface, high bonding strength, high masonry precision, good heat insulation effect, shock resistance and shock absorption, high safety, convenient and quick construction, material cost saving and the like. The compressive strength and the shear strength of the masonry constructed by the method meet the relevant regulations of GB5003-2011 masonry structure design specification, and are obviously superior to the compressive strength and the shear strength specified by national standards.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a drum-type distributor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view I of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a fixed shaft of the roller distributor of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a drum-type distributor according to the present invention in use;
in FIGS. 1-6: 1. the mortar bucket comprises a mortar bucket body, 11 gaps, 12 clamping grooves, 13 angle steel, 2 mortar rolling cylinders, 21 fixing shafts, 211 square thin plates, 212 threaded sections, 22 annular protrusions, 23 butterfly nuts, 24 plugs, 3 handles, 31 horizontal traction handles, 32 push-pull handles, 4 green bricks and 5 mortar;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a sintered heat-insulating hollow block in an application example of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a sintered heat-insulating hollow block in an application example of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the tenon and groove aligning and clamping of the building block during building in an application example of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a diagram of a block with tenon and mortise grooves aligned and clamped during building;
FIG. 11 is a diagram of a drum-type distributor after slurry is distributed on the surface of a block in an application example of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the arrangement of loading units and measuring points in application example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 13 shows a test phenomenon of a wide-face full through seam (along a top skin vertical seam) of a sintered insulation hollow block masonry compression-resistant test piece;
FIG. 14 shows a test phenomenon of the wide face peeling and damage of a compression test piece of the sintered heat-preservation hollow block masonry;
fig. 15 is a diagram of a self-balancing shear loading device in application example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a loading schematic diagram of a sintered insulation hollow block masonry shear test piece in application example 2 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention in detail.
EXAMPLE 1A Drum-type Material distributor
The drum-type distributing device comprises a pulp hopper, a pulp rolling drum and a handle; the handle comprises a horizontal traction handle and a push-pull handle which are respectively fixed on the pulp bucket; the pulp rolling cylinder is erected between the inner walls of the pulp hopper sides; as shown in fig. 1-6.
The mortar hopper is a cuboid cavity with a top surface and a side surface dug and is used for containing mortar; the two side walls of the front end of the pulp hopper extend forwards to support the pulp rolling cylinder in the middle, and a gap A is left between the circumferential surface of the pulp rolling cylinder and the bottom surface of the pulp hopper; the mortar flows out of the gap A; two protrusions are respectively arranged on two sides of the front end of the pulp hopper, and a clamping groove is formed between the two protrusions; the rear end of the pulp bucket extends backwards out of the push-pull handle; the push-pull handle can provide a horizontal moving speed, and the inclination angle is adjusted by raising the height of the push-pull handle; the upper part of the pulp bucket is provided with a horizontal traction handle connected with the left side wall and the right side wall of the pulp bucket; the horizontal traction handle is used for transmitting traction force and braking force, and the auxiliary push-pull handle controls the material distribution speed of the mortar, so that the mortar can be stably output from the gap A in the whole construction process.
The axle center of the pulp rolling cylinder is penetrated by the fixed shaft and is connected with the extending part of the side wall of the pulp hopper; a plurality of annular bulges are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the mortar rolling barrel, and an annular mortar containing thin groove is formed between each adjacent annular bulge and the surface of the mortar rolling barrel; the length of the pulp rolling cylinder is matched with the distance between the inner walls of the pulp hopper sides; the annular bulge on the circumferential surface can improve the adsorption capacity of the circumferential surface of the mortar rolling cylinder to mortar; the distance between the mortar rolling cylinder and the inner wall of the side of the mortar hopper is matched, so that the mortar is prevented from leaking from the place except the gap A;
two ends of the fixed shaft are arranged outside the side wall of the pulp hopper, one end of the fixed shaft is a square thin plate matched with the clamping groove, and the other end of the fixed shaft is an external thread; one end of the external thread of the fixed shaft is matched with the butterfly nut. The square thin plate is clamped in the clamping groove on the outer side of the front extending part of the side wall of the pulp hopper, so that the square thin plate cannot rotate along with the rotation of the pulp rolling cylinder, and the fixing shaft is further limited; the external thread is matched with the butterfly nut, and the butterfly nut is screwed down to fix the fixed shaft, so that the fixed shaft and the pulp rolling barrel can be prevented from rotating simultaneously.
And angle irons with right angles below are fixed at the lower parts of the pulp hoppers. When the right angle of the angle iron and the slurry rolling cylinder are contacted with the green brick surface, the slurry hopper is inclined to the minimum inclination of the working state; therefore, the inclination of the pulp bucket relative to the brick blank surface during working can be ensured to be more than or equal to the minimum inclination provided by the angle iron. The gap A is 5-7 mm. The length of the mortar rolling cylinder is equivalent to the width of a brick blank to be built, so that rapid and accurate construction is realized to the greatest extent. The base body of the slurry rolling barrel is of a tubular structure, plugs are arranged at two ends of the slurry rolling barrel, and holes matched with the diameter of the fixed shaft are formed in the plugs. The self weight is reduced under the condition that the torsional strength of the pulp rolling cylinder is not influenced as much as possible; the hole is matched with the fixed shaft to ensure that a structure of a rotating pair is formed between the pulp rolling cylinder and the fixed shaft.
When the mortar rolling barrel is used, the mortar rolling barrel is attached to the surface of a brick blank, the horizontal traction handle is tightly held by one hand, the push-pull handle is lifted by the other hand, the rear part of the mortar hopper is tilted, and the mortar rolling barrel is attached to the surface of the brick blank; at the moment, the mortar in the mortar hopper flows to the gap A under the action of gravity; then, the push-pull handle is pulled backwards, the backward linear speed of the slurry bucket is converted into the angular speed rotating around the rotating shaft by the slurry rolling barrel connected with the green brick surface, and the slurry rolling barrel starts to rotate;
when the rotating mortar rolling cylinder is close to the gap A, the annular bulges on the mortar rolling cylinder are filled with mortar, and the outer circumferential surface of the mortar rolling cylinder has adsorption capacity for the mortar, so that a large amount of mortar adsorbed on the outer circumferential surface of the mortar rolling cylinder can be wound to rotate to the gap A; when the mortar rolling barrel adsorbing a large amount of mortar passes through the gap A, the excessive mortar is scraped off by the bottom surface of the mortar hopper, and the mortar with the same thickness is adsorbed on the outer circumferential surface of the mortar rolling barrel passing through the gap A and continues to rotate; the mortar rolling cylinder adsorbed with the equal-thickness mortar rotates to the position where the mortar rolling cylinder is close to the surface of the brick blank, the rough surface of the brick blank is higher in adsorption capacity to the mortar relative to the outer circumferential surface of the smooth mortar rolling cylinder, and the equal-thickness mortar is adsorbed by the surface of the brick blank and is left on the surface of the brick blank; continuing the process, continuously coating mortar with the same thickness on the surface of the green brick;
in the working process, when the angle iron is rubbed or contacted with the surface of the lower building block in the process of pulling the push-pull handle backwards, the resistance is obviously improved, and an operator can feel the resistance, which indicates that the height for lifting the horizontal traction handle is not enough, the inclination angle of the mortar bucket relative to the surface of a brick blank is not enough, and the mortar cannot be stably output from the gap A; the height of the push-pull handle is raised, and the angle iron has the functions of limiting the inclination angle and reminding.
Example 2 ultra-thin layer masonry mortar
The ultrathin layer masonry mortar dry powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 250-430 parts of cement, 195-375 parts of recycled fine powder containing red bricks, 300-525 parts of fine sand, 6-10 parts of redispersible latex powder, 1.5-2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, 0.2-1.05 parts of a water reducing agent and 0.3-0.5 part of wood fibers.
The mass percentage of the fine sand with the particle size of 0.3mm < 0.6mm in the fine sand is 0-10%, the mass percentage of the fine sand with the particle size of 0.15mm < 0.3mm in the fine sand is 80-90%, and the mass percentage of the fine sand with the particle size of 0.15mm < 5-10%; the mass percentage of the regenerated fine powder with the particle size of 0.15mm and the particle size of less than or equal to 0.6mm in the regenerated fine powder containing the red bricks is 24-28%, the mass percentage of the regenerated fine powder with the particle size of 0.075mm and the particle size of less than or equal to 0.15mm is 16-20%, and the mass percentage of the regenerated fine powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.075mm is 50-56%.
The cement is ordinary Portland cement with the model number of P.O42.5; the water reducing agent is an ether polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent; the gray level of the redispersible latex powder is less than or equal to 10 percent; the viscosity of the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether is 100000 mPa.s; the wood fiber is a plant fiber with the particle size of 0.8-2 mm; in the regenerated fine powder containing the red bricks, the mass percent of silicon dioxide is 50-60%, the mass percent of potassium oxide and sodium oxide is 3-4%, and the mass percent of sulfide and sulfate is 0.3-0.6%; the mass percentage of the sulfide to the sulfate is SO3Counting; the fineness of the regenerated fine powder containing the red bricks is 18-22%, and the density of the regenerated fine powder is 2.54-2.76 Ag/cm3The loss on ignition is 9-12%.
The preparation method of the recycled fine powder containing the red bricks comprises the following steps: conveying the construction waste containing the red bricks which is classified and conveyed to a construction waste disposal site, processing the construction waste by using a movable impact crusher and a sieving machine, removing light impurities and steel impurities in the construction waste containing the red bricks by impurity sorting and magnetic sorting in the sieving process, and sieving to obtain construction waste particles containing the red bricks with the particle sizes of 0-5 mm, 5-10 mm and 10-40 mm, wherein the mass percentage of red brick aggregates in the construction waste particles containing the red bricks with the particle sizes of 0-5 mm is 53-58%; drying and air-separating the construction waste particles containing the red bricks with the particle size of 0-5 mm, and obtaining the construction waste particles containing the red bricks with the particle size of 0-0.6 mm as regeneration fine powder containing the red bricks, wherein the mass percentage of red brick fine powder in the regeneration fine powder containing the red bricks is 68-72%.
The preparation method of the ultrathin layer masonry mortar comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials in parts by weight for later use;
(2) mixing and stirring the redispersible latex powder, the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, the water reducing agent and the wood fiber for 3-5 min, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed additive for later use;
(3) drying the fine sand and the regenerated fine powder containing red bricks at 105-120 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.6%, and cooling to normal temperature for later use;
(4) mixing and stirring cement, fine sand, the regenerated fine powder containing red bricks and the mixed additive for 3-5 min, fully and uniformly mixing, bagging and sealing immediately to obtain ultrathin layer masonry mortar;
(5) when the ultrathin masonry mortar is used, the water adding amount is 28% -30% of the mass of the ultrathin masonry mortar, and the ultrathin masonry mortar can be used after being stirred for 8-10 min.
Embodiment 3 roller type construction method of ultrathin layer masonry mortar
A drum-type construction method of ultrathin layer masonry mortar comprises the following steps:
1. preparing building blocks: the building blocks are sintered heat-insulating hollow building blocks and are fully watered with water one day before the building; one side or the corresponding two sides of the sintered heat-preservation hollow building blocks are provided with continuous grooves or tenons, and the tenons and the grooves at the two sides of the two building blocks can be aligned and clamped during building;
2. preparing ultrathin layer masonry mortar: adding 28-30 wt% of water into the ultrathin layer masonry mortar dry powder at normal temperature, uniformly stirring, and standing for 5-10 minutes for later use; the stirred ultrathin layer masonry mortar is used up within 2-3 hours;
3. base surface cleaning and leveling: cleaning a base surface to be built and removing the protruding part; leveling the base surface by using ultrathin layer masonry mortar, and checking the flatness by using a leveling rod; determining a masonry sideline, and uniformly erecting leather tree poles by using a level gauge;
4. placing the wet first building block on a base surface coated with ultrathin layer masonry mortar, lightly tapping and righting by using a rubber hammer, and leveling for the second time by using a horizontal ruler; placing a second building block, aligning the side tenon of the second building block with the side groove of the first building block, and aligning and clamping the tenons and the grooves on two sides of the two connected building blocks; sequentially placing the Nth building block, and repeating the operations to complete the building of the first layer of building blocks;
5. pouring the prepared ultrathin layer masonry mortar into a roller type distributor, placing the roller type distributor at a position with the inclination not more than 40 degrees and the distribution surface crossing the horizontal section of the building block, then slowly dragging the distributor to the distribution side of the masonry surface, keeping a roller at a constant speed to drive the ultrathin layer masonry mortar to roll, and uniformly laying the ultrathin layer masonry mortar on the upper surface of the first layer of building block;
6. when the second layer of building blocks are built, the following two slurry coating methods can be adopted:
firstly, single-side coating: aligning to a leather counting rod, sequentially finishing building of a second layer of building blocks on the first layer of building blocks, tapping and righting by using a rubber hammer to ensure that tenons and grooves on two sides of two connected building blocks are aligned and clamped, starting from a corner or a T-shaped joint of a wall body to one side during building, and ensuring staggered joint building of the building blocks;
secondly, double-sided coating: aligning a leather counting rod, before building, adopting the method in step 5, coating ultrathin layer building mortar on the joint surface of a second layer of building blocks and a first layer of building blocks by using a drum-type distributor, sequentially finishing building the second layer of building blocks on the first layer of building blocks, and lightly tapping and righting by using a rubber hammer to align and clamp tenons and grooves at two sides of two connected building blocks, wherein the building is carried out from a corner or T-shaped joint of a wall body to one side during building, and the staggered joint building of the building blocks is ensured;
7. uniformly paving the ultrathin layer masonry mortar on the upper surface of the second layer of building blocks by using a roller type distributor by adopting the method in the step 5; building a third layer of building blocks by adopting the slurry coating method in the step 6;
8. and 7, repeating the step 7, and sequentially building to the required height.
Compression test of test piece in application example 1
(1) The compression-resistant test piece (the special-shaped size block is cut from the same material) of the sintered heat-preservation hollow block masonry with the size of b multiplied by t multiplied by h which is 450mm multiplied by 300mm multiplied by 1060mm is obtained by masonry by adopting the roller type distributing device of the embodiment 1, the ultrathin layer masonry mortar of the embodiment 2 and the roller type construction method of the ultrathin layer masonry mortar of the embodiment 3. The strength grade of ultrathin layer masonry mortar and the horizontal mortar joint thickness during building of the building blocks are changed to carry out different grouping tests, as shown in the following table 1, the building blocks with the strength grade of 10MPa, the mortar with the strength grades of Mb7.5 and Mb10 and the horizontal mortar joint thickness of 1mm and 2mm (wherein the thickness is 1mm when single-side mortar coating and 2mm when double-side mortar coating are adopted) are selected to carry out the tests, 4 groups are arranged in total, and each group is repeated for 3 times.
The specification and the size of the sintered heat-preservation hollow building block used in the test are as follows: the length is 300mm, the width is 300mm, and the height is 212 mm; the sintered heat-insulation hollow building block is provided with a plurality of rectangular strip holes, the number of the rectangular strip holes is 25, the holes are arranged in order, and the hole rate is 50%. Fig. 7 shows a physical diagram of a sintered heat-insulating hollow block, fig. 8 shows a structural schematic diagram of the sintered heat-insulating hollow block, fig. 9 shows a structural schematic diagram of the block with tenon and groove aligned and clamped during masonry, fig. 10 shows a physical diagram of the block with tenon and groove aligned and clamped during masonry, and fig. 11 shows a physical diagram of the drum-type distributor after slurry is distributed on the surface of the block.
The mortar with the strength grade of Mb7.5 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300 parts of cement, 350 parts of regenerated fine powder containing red bricks, 350 parts of fine sand, 8 parts of redispersible latex powder, 1.5 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, 0.2 part of water reducing agent and 0.4 part of wood fiber.
The mortar with the strength grade of Mb10 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 350 parts of cement, 325 parts of red brick-containing regenerated fine powder, 325 parts of fine sand, 10 parts of redispersible latex powder, 1.8 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, 0.35 part of water reducing agent and 0.4 part of wood fiber.
TABLE 1 test piece parameters of masonry compression test
(2) The experiment was according to the standard: JGJ/T70 Standard test method for basic performance of building mortar, GB/T2542 + 2012 test method for wall building bricks, GB/T4111 + 2013 Standard test method for Small hollow concrete blocks, GB/T50129-2011 Standard test method for basic mechanical performance of masonry, and GB/T13545-2014 sintered hollow bricks and hollow blocks.
(3) Test apparatus and equipment: 5000KN compression testing machine.
(4) The compression loading test method comprises the following steps:
1) and (4) performing appearance inspection on the test piece, recording when the test piece is damaged or has other damage traces, and discarding the test piece when the test piece is seriously damaged.
2) On the four sides of the test piece, vertical and horizontal center lines are drawn.
The thickness and the width of the test piece are respectively measured at 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4 of the height of the test piece, the measurement precision is l mm, and the measurement result adopts an average value. And measuring the height of the test piece to the top leveling surface by taking the top surface of the high-strength gypsum leveling layer as a reference.
3) And 5% of estimated breaking load is applied to the test piece, and the sensitivity and the installation firmness of the instrument are checked. Repeatedly pre-pressing for 3-5 times within the range of 5% -20% of the estimated breaking load value, wherein the relative error of the axial deformation of the two wide side surfaces does not exceed 10%, and when the relative error exceeds 10%, the position of the test piece is readjusted or the test piece is leveled.
4) Opening the testing machine to enable the testing machine to keep constant load, adopting graded loading, wherein each grade of load is 10% of the estimated damage load, and the load keeps constant load for 1-2 minutes per liter. And continuously loading after the number is read.
5) After loading to 50% of the estimated failure load value, each stage of load is reduced to 5% of the estimated failure load value. And when the first stress crack appears on the test piece, restoring each level of load to 10% of the estimated damage load value.
6) After the loading is carried out to 80% of the estimated failure load value, the loading can be continued at the original loading speed until the test piece is broken. (when the dynamometer pointer of the tester is obviously retracted, the test piece is positioned to lose the bearing capacity and reach a failure state).
7) And when the test piece exceeds the maximum bearing capacity and enters a descending section, the strain speed is gradually increased. The strain rate is reduced appropriately, when a quick reading should be made.
8) In the test process, a first stressed crack is observed and captured, the position and the length of the crack are drawn on a test piece, and an initial crack load value is marked. When the load increases step by step, the crack development change condition should be observed and described. And after the test piece is damaged, immediately drawing a crack diagram, marking main cracks and corresponding load values, and recording the damage characteristics.
9) And then, displacement loading control is used instead, and the control rate of the descending section is 0.2mm/min, so that the masonry is prevented from being suddenly damaged. The stress-strain full curve is recorded.
(5) The test is carried out on a SANS YAW6506 microcomputer control electro-hydraulic servo rigid pressure tester. The requirements of the sintered insulation block building body on a high-performance compression test are met. And (4) building a finished test piece, maintaining for 2d under natural conditions, installing a displacement meter, wherein the distance between the transverse support connecting point and the two ends is 50mm, and the distance between the vertical support connecting point and the bottom end and the top leveling layer is 318 mm. The arrangement of the loading device and the measuring points is shown in figure 12, the mortar leveling layer faces upwards to form a pressed surface, and the position of the test piece is adjusted until the test piece is positioned at the symmetrical center of the lower pressing plate.
Because this experimental building block perps all adopts the interlocking form, the main crack of pressurized test piece will form along the whole through seam of brickwork perps. The wall of the building block is thin, meanwhile, the material is high in brittleness and sensitive to cracks, and the wide face part is peeled off when the building block is damaged. The test phenomenon of the wide-face full through seam (along the top skin vertical seam) of the sintered heat-preservation hollow block masonry compression-resistant test piece is shown in figure 13; the test phenomenon of the wide face spalling damage of the sintered heat-preservation hollow block masonry compression-resistant test piece is shown in figure 14. The results of the compression test are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 test piece compression test results
As can be seen from Table 2: when the building blocks with the same strength grade are built by using mortar with different strength grades, the test result accords with the specification of GB5003-2011 'masonry structure design specification' table 3.2.1-1 no matter whether the single-side mortar coating or the double-side mortar coating is carried out on the building blocks, but the building blocks and the mortar use the masonry with the same strength grade, and the test result is better by adopting the double-side mortar coating. Fully shows that the compression resistance of the masonry wall body adopting the construction mode of the invention is superior.
Shear test of application example 2 test piece
(1) The shear test piece (the special-shaped size blocks are cut from the same material) of the sintered heat-preservation hollow block masonry with the size of b multiplied by t multiplied by h being 300mm multiplied by 636mm is obtained by building by adopting the roller type distributing device of the embodiment 1, the ultrathin layer masonry mortar of the embodiment 2 and the roller type construction method of the ultrathin layer masonry mortar of the embodiment 3. And after the masonry of the test piece masonry is finished, maintaining for 28 days under natural conditions, and keeping flat after the strength of the mortar reaches 100%. The middle of the test piece is loaded with a bearing surface and leveled by mortar, and the bearing surfaces at two ends are padded with steel plates with the thickness of 20mm and leveled by fine sand. And (3) calibrating the 3 compression surfaces by using a horizontal ruler, enabling the compression surfaces to be parallel to each other as much as possible, and then carrying out a test piece shear strength test.
The strength grade of ultrathin layer masonry mortar and the horizontal mortar joint thickness during building of the building blocks are changed to carry out different grouping tests, as shown in the following table 3, the building blocks with the strength grade of 10MPa, the mortar with the strength grades of Mb7.5 and Mb10 and the horizontal mortar joint thickness of 1mm and 2mm (wherein the thickness is 1mm when single-side mortar coating is adopted and the thickness is 2mm when double-side mortar coating is adopted) are selected for testing, 4 groups are arranged, and each group is repeated for 6 times.
The raw material compositions of the sintered heat-insulating hollow blocks and the mortar with the strength grades of Mb7.5 and Mb10 used in the test were the same as those of application example 1.
TABLE 3 test piece parameters for shear test
(2) The experiment was according to the standard: GB/T50129-2011 Standard of testing methods for basic mechanical properties of brickwork.
(3) Test apparatus and equipment: a self-balancing shear loading device, as shown in fig. 15. The loading schematic diagram of the sintered insulation hollow block masonry shear test piece is shown in fig. 16.
(4) The shear loading test method comprises the following steps:
the shear masonry is subjected to compression surface treatment by using a pressure surface pressure measuring device 1: and 3, leveling by cement mortar, horizontally placing the masonry shear test piece on the bottom beam of the reaction frame during the test, further leveling the pressure-bearing surface and the pressure-bearing surface by dry spun yarns, and then padding a smooth steel plate with the thickness of 20 mm. The center line of the test piece is superposed with the axis of the reaction frame bottom beam top beam and the jack. The jack is provided with a spherical hinge support, so that the jack is ensured to be in close contact with a test piece as far as possible. A constant-speed continuous loading method is adopted, impact is avoided, and the test piece is damaged within 1-3 min. And when one sheared surface is sheared to be damaged, the test piece is considered to be damaged, and the damage load value and the damage characteristic of the test piece are recorded. The shear test results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 masonry shear test results
As can be seen from Table 4: the building blocks with the same strength grade are built by using mortar with different strength grades, and the test result is greater than the specification of GB5003-2011 'masonry structure design specification' table 3.2.2 no matter whether the single-side mortar coating or the double-side mortar coating is carried out on the building blocks. The building blocks are coated with slurry on two sides, the shear strength of the building blocks is far higher than that of the building blocks coated with slurry on one side, and the building blocks are fully shown to be built by the construction method and have excellent shear resistance of the wall body.
Claims (10)
1. A drum-type construction method of ultrathin layer masonry mortar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing building blocks: the building blocks are sintered heat-insulating hollow building blocks and are fully watered with water one day before the building; one side or the corresponding two sides of the sintered heat-preservation hollow building blocks are provided with continuous grooves or tenons, and the tenons and the grooves at the two sides of the two building blocks can be aligned and clamped during building;
(2) preparing ultrathin layer masonry mortar: adding 28-30 wt% of water into the ultrathin layer masonry mortar dry powder at normal temperature, uniformly stirring, and standing for 5-10 minutes for later use;
(3) base surface cleaning and leveling: cleaning a base surface to be built and removing the protruding part; leveling the base surface by using ultrathin layer masonry mortar, and checking the flatness by using a leveling rod; determining a masonry sideline, and uniformly erecting leather tree poles by using a level gauge;
(4) placing the wet first building block on a base surface coated with ultrathin layer masonry mortar, lightly tapping and righting by using a rubber hammer, and leveling for the second time by using a horizontal ruler; placing a second building block, aligning the side tenon of the second building block with the side groove of the first building block, and aligning and clamping the tenons and the grooves on two sides of the two connected building blocks; sequentially placing the Nth building block, and repeating the operations to complete the building of the first layer of building blocks;
(5) pouring the prepared ultrathin layer masonry mortar into a roller type distributor, placing the roller type distributor at a position with the inclination not more than 40 degrees and the distribution surface crossing the horizontal section of the building block, then slowly dragging the distributor to the distribution side of the masonry surface, keeping a roller at a constant speed to drive the ultrathin layer masonry mortar to roll, and uniformly laying the ultrathin layer masonry mortar on the upper surface of the first layer of building block;
(6) and (3) during the building of the second layer of building blocks, coating the slurry by adopting a single-side slurry coating method: aligning to a leather counting rod, sequentially finishing building of a second layer of building blocks on the first layer of building blocks, tapping and righting by using a rubber hammer to ensure that tenons and grooves on two sides of two connected building blocks are aligned and clamped, starting from a corner or a T-shaped joint of a wall body to one side during building, and ensuring staggered joint building of the building blocks;
(7) uniformly paving the ultrathin layer masonry mortar on the upper surface of the second layer of building blocks by using a roller type distributor by adopting the method in the step 5; building the third layer of building blocks by adopting the slurry coating method in the step (6);
(8) and (5) repeating the step (7), and sequentially building to the required height.
2. The construction method according to claim 1, wherein the second course of building blocks in the step (6) can be coated with slurry by adopting a double-faced slurry coating method: aligning a leather counting rod, before building, adopting the method in the step (5), coating ultrathin layer building mortar on the joint surface of the second layer of building blocks and the first layer of building blocks by using a drum-type distributor, sequentially finishing building the second layer of building blocks on the first layer of building blocks, tapping and righting by using a rubber hammer to align and clamp tenons and grooves on two sides of two connected building blocks, starting from the corner or T-shaped joint of a wall body to one side during building, and ensuring staggered joint building of the building blocks.
3. The construction method according to claim 1, wherein the stirred ultrathin layer masonry mortar should be used up within 2 to 3 hours.
4. The construction method according to claim 1, wherein the ultra-thin layer masonry mortar dry powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 250-430 parts of cement, 195-375 parts of recycled fine powder containing red bricks, 300-525 parts of fine sand, 6-10 parts of redispersible latex powder, 1.5-2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, 0.2-1.05 parts of a water reducing agent and 0.3-0.5 part of wood fibers.
5. The construction method according to claim 4, wherein the fine sand having a grain size of 0.3mm < 0.6mm is 0 to 10% by mass, the fine sand having a grain size of 0.15mm < 0.3mm is 80 to 90% by mass, and the fine sand having a grain size of 0.15mm < 5 to 10% by mass; the mass percentage of the regenerated fine powder with the particle size of 0.15mm and the particle size of less than or equal to 0.6mm in the regenerated fine powder containing the red bricks is 24-28%, the mass percentage of the regenerated fine powder with the particle size of 0.075mm and the particle size of less than or equal to 0.15mm is 16-20%, and the mass percentage of the regenerated fine powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.075mm is 50-56%.
6. The construction method according to claim 5, wherein the cement is ordinary portland cement of type p.o42.5; the water reducing agent is an ether polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent; the gray level of the redispersible latex powder is less than or equal to 10 percent; the viscosity of the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether is 100000 mPa.s; the wood fiber has a particle diameter of0.8-2 mm of plant fiber; in the regenerated fine powder containing the red bricks, the mass percent of silicon dioxide is 50-60%, the mass percent of potassium oxide and sodium oxide is 3-4%, and the mass percent of sulfide and sulfate is 0.3-0.6%; the mass percentage of the sulfide to the sulfate is SO3Counting; the fineness of the regenerated fine powder containing the red bricks is 18-22%, and the density of the regenerated fine powder is 2.54-2.76 Ag/cm3The loss on ignition is 9-12%.
7. The construction method according to claim 6, wherein the recycled fine powder containing red bricks is prepared by: conveying the construction waste containing the red bricks which is classified and conveyed to a construction waste disposal site, processing the construction waste by using a movable impact crusher and a sieving machine, removing light impurities and steel impurities in the construction waste containing the red bricks by impurity sorting and magnetic sorting in the sieving process, and sieving to obtain construction waste particles containing the red bricks with the particle sizes of 0-5 mm, 5-10 mm and 10-40 mm, wherein the mass percentage of red brick aggregates in the construction waste particles containing the red bricks with the particle sizes of 0-5 mm is 53-58%; drying and air-separating the construction waste particles containing the red bricks with the particle size of 0-5 mm, and obtaining the construction waste particles containing the red bricks with the particle size of 0-0.6 mm as regeneration fine powder containing the red bricks, wherein the mass percentage of red brick fine powder in the regeneration fine powder containing the red bricks is 68-72%.
8. The construction method according to claim 1, wherein the drum-type distributor comprises a pulp bucket, a pulp drum and a handle; the handle comprises a horizontal traction handle and a push-pull handle which are respectively fixed above the pulp hopper and at the rear end of the pulp hopper; the pulp rolling cylinder is erected between the inner walls of the pulp hopper sides; the pulp hopper is a cuboid cavity body with the top surface and one side surface dug; the two side walls of the front end of the pulp hopper extend forwards to support the pulp rolling cylinder in the middle, and a gap A is left between the circumferential surface of the pulp rolling cylinder and the bottom surface of the pulp hopper; two protrusions are respectively arranged on two sides of the front end of the pulp hopper, and a clamping groove is formed between the two protrusions; the rear end of the pulp bucket extends backwards out of the push-pull handle; the upper part of the pulp bucket is provided with a horizontal traction handle connected with the left side wall and the right side wall of the pulp bucket; the axle center of the pulp rolling cylinder is penetrated by the fixed shaft and is connected with the forward extending part of the pulp hopper; a plurality of annular bulges are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the mortar rolling barrel, and an annular mortar containing thin groove is formed between each adjacent annular bulge and the surface of the mortar rolling barrel; the length of the pulp rolling cylinder is matched with the distance between the inner walls of the pulp hopper sides; two ends of the fixed shaft are arranged outside the side wall of the pulp hopper, one end of the fixed shaft is a square thin plate matched with the clamping groove, and the other end of the fixed shaft is an external thread; one end of the external thread of the fixed shaft is matched with the butterfly nut.
9. The construction method according to claim 8, wherein an angle iron with a lower right angle is fixed at the lower part of the pulp bucket; the gap A is 5-7 mm.
10. The construction method according to claim 9, wherein the length of the mortar roller is equivalent to the width of a building block to be built; the base body of the slurry rolling barrel is of a tubular structure, plugs are arranged at two ends of the slurry rolling barrel, and holes matched with the diameter of the fixed shaft are formed in the plugs.
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