CN113585506A

CN113585506A - Building noise reduction method and sound insulation noise reduction structure

Info

Publication number: CN113585506A
Application number: CN202111023928.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朴成国; 朴香宣
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-09-02
Filing date: 2021-09-02
Publication date: 2021-11-02

Abstract

The invention discloses a building noise reduction method and a sound insulation noise reduction structure. The building noise reduction method comprises the following steps: carrying out surface sealing treatment on the sound insulation object; further arranging a vacuum cavity on the surface of the sound insulation object and vacuumizing the vacuum cavity; the vacuum cavity is fixedly connected with the sound insulation object in a seamless manner; the vacuum degree in the vacuum cavity is not more than-0.01 MPa. The corresponding sound-insulating and noise-reducing structure comprises a vacuum cavity which is fixedly connected with a sound-insulating object in a seamless manner. The invention is based on the acoustic propagation principle, has scientific and reasonable structural design, simple and practical process and outstanding sound insulation and noise reduction effects, effectively solves the trouble that people are troubled by various production and living noises in working and living, provides more green and healthy working and living environments for people, and can be widely applied to sound insulation and noise reduction structures of various civil commercial buildings.

Description

Building noise reduction method and sound insulation noise reduction structure

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a general method or apparatus for preventing or reducing noise or other sound waves, or building construction for insulating, absorbing or reflecting sound or noise, and more particularly, to a noise reduction method and a noise insulation and reduction structure for buildings.

Background

According to the regulations of the emission Standard of noise in social Life GB22337-2008, the standard value of the urban class 5 environmental noise is as follows: class 0 is sanatorium, high-grade villa, high-grade hotel, etc., 50 dB in daytime, 40 dB at night; the 1 type is standard and is suitable for areas mainly including living and cultural and educational institutions, and the daytime is 55 decibels, and the nighttime is 45 decibels; class 2 is applicable to mixed areas of living, business and industry, 60 decibels in daytime and 50 decibels at night; class 3 is applicable to industrial areas, 65 db in daytime and 55 db at night; the category 4 is applicable to the areas on two sides of the road of the urban road traffic trunk, and the like, and 70 decibels are in daytime and 55 decibels are in nighttime.

40-60 dB is the standard of common indoor talk, and when 60-70 dB is exceeded, nerves are damaged, nerve cells are damaged, and even hearing is damaged. Noise that everyday homes may experience includes: external environmental noises such as construction, traffic, thunderstorm and the like, and internal noises such as dragging objects, speaking loudly, practicing musical instruments and the like. Can affect day and night daily life.

In fact, noise has become a major environmental pollution, and the sound environmental problem of buildings is receiving more and more attention and attention. In general, architectural noise reduction is an example of architectural noise reduction, which takes measures from the aspects of the layout, construction, and interior design of a building to reduce noise transmitted into the building, such as increasing the thickness of the outer wall of a house to improve sound insulation thereof, laying a sound absorbing material in a lecture hall to reduce reverberant sound therein, and constructing a sound insulating barrier along a road to block the transmission of traffic noise to reduce interference thereof. It is known that noise control in buildings at present often starts with two different noise reduction methods, namely, sound insulation and sound absorption. The term "sound insulation" generally means that sound or noise is isolated, cut off, separated, etc. by a certain substance, i.e., a sound insulating material, i.e., sound is blocked from the outside by the sound insulating material; therefore, for the sound insulation material, the material is required to be heavy and dense (experiments prove that the surface density of the material is in direct proportion to the sound insulation amount thereof) aiming at weakening the transmitted sound energy and blocking the transmission of the sound, and the common sound insulation material is the material such as steel plates, lead plates, concrete walls, brick walls and the like. Unlike the sound-deadening treatment, which aims to reduce repeated reflections of sound in the room, that is, to reduce reverberant sound (echo) in the room and to shorten the duration of the reverberant sound, that is, the reverberation time, in the case of continuous noise, the reduction is manifested as a reduction in the level of noise in the room, that is, the sound-deadening treatment is for a building space where a sound source is located together with a sound-absorbing material. The sound-absorbing material also has the function of absorbing sound transmitted from adjacent rooms, thereby equivalently improving the sound insulation quantity of the building envelope. The sound-absorbing material has a small reflection of incident sound energy, which means that sound energy easily enters and passes through the material, and therefore, the sound-absorbing material should be generally porous, loose and air-permeable, i.e. a typical porous sound-absorbing material is usually made of fibrous, granular or foaming materials in the process to form a porous structure, and the structure is characterized in that the material has a large number of interconnected micro pores from the surface to the inside, i.e. certain air permeability. When sound waves are incident on the surface of the porous material, air vibration in the micropores is caused, and due to friction resistance, viscous resistance of air and heat conduction, a considerable part of sound energy is converted into heat energy, so that the sound absorption effect is achieved.

It follows that noise insulation by sound insulation materials or structures is generally higher than sound absorption by sound absorbing materials for noise reduction. Sound insulation should be used first when the noise source in a room can be isolated, and sound absorption should be used when the noise source cannot be isolated and the noise in the room needs to be reduced.

As mentioned above, sound-insulating materials are characterized by a heavy weight due to their requirements for use properties; the sound-absorbing material is often high in price, poor in noise reduction effect or incapable of meeting the environmental protection standard, and the combustion grade of the sound-absorbing material cannot meet the A-grade non-combustible requirement of a building, so that potential safety hazards are caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the limitation of the prior art and the urgent requirement of people for building noise prevention, the invention aims to disclose a scientific, effective, simple and practical building noise reduction method based on the acoustic principle.

The technical solution of the invention is realized as follows:

a building noise reduction method sequentially comprises the following steps:

the first step is as follows: carrying out surface sealing treatment on the sound insulation object;

the second step is that: arranging a vacuum cavity on the surface of the sound insulation object and vacuumizing the vacuum cavity; the vacuum cavity is fixedly connected with the sound insulation object in a seamless manner;

the vacuum degree in the vacuum cavity is not more than-0.01 MPa; preferably, the vacuum degree in the vacuum cavity is not more than-0.02 MPa.

The vacuum degree is referred to as "relative vacuum degree", that is, a difference between the pressure of the object to be measured and the atmospheric pressure of the measurement site. Measuring with a common vacuum gauge; in the absence of vacuum (i.e., at atmospheric pressure), the table has an initial value of 0. When vacuum is measured, it has a value between 0 and-101.325 KPa (generally expressed as a negative number) (taken from Baidu encyclopedia tps:// baike. baidu. com/item/vacuum/1202991).

Specifically, the vacuum cavity is formed by sealing the surface of a support structure with mutually communicated pores or cavities;

the porosity of the support structure is not lower than 70% so as to guarantee the effects of vacuum sound insulation and noise reduction.

According to the acoustic principle, the sound is generated due to the vibration of an object, and the sound is the fluctuation generated by the vibration of a substance and can be heard only by the transmission of media such as air and the like; meanwhile, the adverse effect of holes, gaps and the like on the sound insulation object on sound insulation needs to be considered, so that the sound insulation object itself needs to be subjected to surface sealing treatment, for example, plastering sealing treatment and the like on the sound insulation object such as a wall surface and the like.

Specifically, coating the colloidal mixture on the surface of the support structure, and curing to form a surface sealing layer of the vacuum cavity;

the colloidal mixture is formed by mixing and stirring materials including glue and talcum powder. The glue may be an organic glue or an inorganic glue.

Further, a one-way sealing valve is arranged on the surface of the vacuum cavity, and the periphery of the one-way sealing valve is sealed;

and vacuumizing the vacuum cavity to reach a specified vacuum degree through the one-way sealing valve by using a vacuum pump.

Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a sound insulation and noise reduction structure, which comprises a vacuum cavity, wherein the vacuum degree in the vacuum cavity is not more than-0.01 MPa; in general, a remarkable sound insulation effect can be obtained when the degree of vacuum in the vacuum chamber is-0.02 MPa or less.

The vacuum cavity is fixedly connected with the sound insulation object in a seamless mode.

In particular, the vacuum chamber is adhesively connected to the sound-insulating object, or adhesively connected together with a fastening element, for example a tack.

Specifically, the vacuum chamber may include:

a sealing layer forming a sealing surface layer of the vacuum chamber;

a scaffold structure encapsulated by the sealing layer; the support structure is made of porous materials, pores or cavities in the support structure are communicated with each other, and the porosity is not lower than 70%.

Because the porous material has the mutually communicated pores, the porous material has sound absorption effect while supporting the vacuum cavity and insulating sound, thereby achieving the effect of dual noise reduction.

Specifically, the support structure is made of a nano-pore silicon fiber plate, a rock wool plate, a glass fiber plate or a non-woven felt made of glass fibers.

Further, a one-way sealing valve is arranged on the surface of the vacuum cavity; and sealing the periphery of the one-way sealing valve.

Compared with the prior art, the invention aims at the increasingly urgent needs of modern people for sound insulation and noise reduction of office or living space, and has the outstanding characteristics of simple process and convenient construction; meanwhile, the noise reduction structure is light in weight, raw materials are taken from conventional building materials, the noise reduction structure is popular and easy to meet the environmental protection requirement, more important, and outstanding in sound insulation and noise reduction effects, can be widely applied to the sound insulation and noise reduction structures of various civil commercial buildings, namely transverse rooms and floors, is convenient and long-acting, meets the green building standard, and creates a more quiet and comfortable office place or living environment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 10, a vacuum cavity 11, a sealing layer 12, a bracket structure 13, a one-way sealing valve 21, a glue layer 22, a stud 30, a wall 40 and a lamp holder are shown.

Detailed Description

A sound-insulating and noise-reducing structure, as shown in FIG. 1, applied to a wall 30 of a building, comprising:

the first step is as follows: the sound insulation object, i.e., the building wall 30, is subjected to a surface sealing treatment: specifically, the surface of the wall 30 can be plastered and sealed, generally, the wall of a modern house is well sealed, and the problem of holes and gaps cannot occur; if the situation exists, corresponding repairing and sealing treatment is needed;

the second step is that: arranging a vacuum cavity 10 and a vacuum cavity 10 on the surface of the wall 30 for vacuumizing:

the vacuum cavity 10 is fixedly connected with the wall 30 in a seamless manner; specifically, an adhesive layer 21 is laid between the vacuum cavity 10 and the wall 30 for adhesive connection, and is reinforced by studs 22;

the glue used by the glue layer 21 is inorganic glue or organic glue meeting the environmental protection requirement, and the studs 22 are nails for fixing the heat-preservation plate used in the current building construction.

A one-way sealing valve 13 is arranged on the surface of the vacuum chamber 10, as shown in fig. 2, and the periphery of the one-way sealing valve 13 is sealed;

the vacuum chamber 10 is evacuated to a predetermined degree of vacuum by a vacuum pump through the one-way sealing valve 13.

The vacuum degree of the vacuum cavity is below-0.01 MPa; generally, when the vacuum degree in the vacuum cavity reaches below-0.02 MPa, the noise reduction effect is remarkable.

The vacuum chamber 10 comprises a sealing layer 11 and a support structure 12; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the sealing layer 11 forms a sealing surface layer of the vacuum chamber 10; specifically, a colloidal mixture formed by mixing and stirring similar materials including glue (organic glue or inorganic glue) and talcum powder is smeared on the surface of the support structure 12 for 1-5 times, and a sealing layer 11 on the surface of the vacuum cavity is formed after the colloidal mixture is solidified;

the support structure 12 is made of a porous material and is wrapped by the sealing layer 11; the pores or cavities in the scaffold structure 12 are interconnected, and the porosity is not less than 70%. Specifically, the support structure can be made of a nano-pore silicon fiber board, a rock wool board, a glass fiber board or a non-woven felt made of glass fibers.

The porous material has mutually communicated pores, and has sound absorption effect while supporting the vacuum cavity and insulating sound, thereby achieving the effect of dual noise reduction.

Generally, the thickness of the support structure 12 is 5.0 to 30.0mm and the thickness of the sealing layer 11 is 2.0 to 50.0mm, depending on the requirement of the sound insulation effect and the state of the object to be sound-insulated.

The one-way sealing valve 13 is dimensioned according to the type and thickness of the support structure 12, and is buried under the sealing layer 11 and completely sealed at its periphery when installed.

When a lamp needs to be installed on the wall 30, a corresponding position of the lamp socket 40 needs to be reserved corresponding to the sound-insulating and noise-reducing structure, as shown in fig. 2, in order to facilitate construction and facilitate sealing of the whole surface of the vacuum chamber 10, the thickness of the lamp socket 40 is equal to or close to the thickness of the bracket structure 12, the lamp socket 40 is connected with the sound-insulating object, i.e., the wall 30, by adhesive connection and tack reinforcement, and the periphery is sealed.

The following will be further described with reference to a test example of the noise reduction effect when the sound-insulating and noise-reducing structure is applied between floors and the corresponding test results (see table 1 for details).

TABLE 1

Vacuum degree (MPa)	Structure of making an uproar falls in not installing vacuum sound insulation	-0.005	-0.010	-0.015	-0.020	-0.030	-0.040
								Noise level (dB)	74～85	60～70	45～61	35～40	30～34	Not detected	30

The noise reduction test is described in detail as follows:

(1) tested soundproofing object

Selecting a room of a third layer door in a twelve-layer building, wherein the area of the room is 12.5 square meters; the specific sound insulation object is the roof of the room (namely the ground of the upper house), which is in a state of being adhered with floor tiles on the original ground, and the thickness of the roof (namely the ground of the upper house) is about 160mm (the thickness of the original roof or the ground of the upper house is about 140mm, and the adhered floor tiles are increased by about 20 mm);

the testing time starts at about 23 nights, and the standard impactor (noise source for testing) for testing comes from the upper floor of the house;

and testing the closing state of the window and the door of the room during testing.

(2) Equipment for testing

(ii) standard impactor: the method accords with the laboratory measurement for measuring the sound insulation of the 6 th floor impact sound of the sound insulation of GB-T19889.6-2005 acoustic buildings and building components, and the model is as follows: TM3 standard impactor made by NTi-Audio.

Acoustic noise tester (dB tester), model: the Hangzhou Edward sonotrode product AWA5688-1dB tester has a detection range of 30-130 dB.

(3) The sound insulation and noise reduction structure of the invention

Wherein, the bracket structure 12 of the vacuum cavity 10 adopts a commercially available glass fiber board, the porosity is about 85 percent, and the thickness is 30 mm; the sealing layer 11 is prepared by mixing talcum powder and glue according to the weight ratio of about 3: 1, and then smearing the mixture on the surface of the support structure 12 after mixing and stirring, and curing to obtain the product with the thickness of about 10 mm.

The vacuum cavity is tightly adhered to the roof of the test room;

the glue for bonding and the glue in the sealing layer both adopt the epoxy resin crystal glue drops of the marketed law;

the one-way sealing valve adopts a commercially available TDTAS one-way sealing valve with the product number of T003.

(4) Analysis of test results

The test was carried out and recorded according to GB-T19889.6-2005 Acoustic building and construction members acoustical insulation measurement, the results of which are shown in Table 1 above. The test of interlayer noise shows that:

the noise pollution of the house caused by the upper floor is serious (74-85 dB) without floor separation sound treatment, and does not meet the GB22337-2008 social life noise emission standard.

Secondly, by adopting the building noise reduction method and the sound insulation noise reduction structure according to the technical scheme of the invention, the test noise is obviously reduced along with the improvement of the relative vacuum degree. Under the condition that the vacuum cavity is fixed (as described in the above (3)), the noise sound level can meet the national standard when the vacuum degree is-0.010 MPa, the noise is very low when the vacuum degree is-0.020 MPa, and the sound penetrating from the interlayer floor slab is almost not detected when the vacuum degree is-0.030 MPa (the detection range of the used dB detector is 30-130 dB).

Thirdly, when the vacuum degree is-0.030 MPa, the sound penetrating from the interlayer floor slab is hardly detected, and the vacuum degree is-0.040 MPa, and the sound is detected to be 30 dB.

According to the analysis of the test experts, the reason for the test result is that the sound measured at the vacuum degree of-0.040 MPa is not the test noise transmitted from the interlayer floor but the sound transmitted from the peripheral wall.

(5) Conclusion of the test

Firstly, noise pollution between floors is serious when no sound insulation facility is additionally arranged between the tested floors.

Secondly, the noise between floors can be reduced by adopting the noise reduction method of the embodiment to install the sound insulation and noise reduction structure, and the larger the absolute value of the vacuum degree (relative vacuum degree), the more remarkable the sound insulation effect is; when the vacuum degree is-0.010 MPa, the noise level can basically meet the noise emission standard of a class 1 region mainly including living and cultural and educational institutions; when the vacuum degree is-0.020 MPa, the noise level completely meets the noise emission standard of 0-class sanatorium, high-class villa, high-class hotel and other areas; when the vacuum degree is-0.030 MPa, the noise is considered to be absent from the angle measured by the corresponding instrument.

Therefore, the technical scheme described in the embodiment has a remarkable effect when being applied to sound insulation and noise reduction of buildings.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A building noise reduction method sequentially comprises the following steps:

s1: carrying out surface sealing treatment on the sound insulation object;

s2: arranging a vacuum cavity on the surface of the sound insulation object and vacuumizing the vacuum cavity; the vacuum cavity is fixedly connected with the sound insulation object in a seamless manner;

the vacuum degree in the vacuum cavity is not more than-0.01 MPa.

2. The method of building noise reduction according to claim 1, wherein:

at S2, the vacuum chamber is formed by surface sealing the stent structure;

the scaffold structure has interconnected pores or cavities with a porosity of not less than 70%.

3. The method of building noise reduction according to claim 2, wherein:

s2, coating the colloidal mixture on the surface of the support structure, and curing to form a surface sealing layer of the vacuum cavity;

the colloidal mixture is formed by mixing and stirring materials including glue and talcum powder.

4. The method of building noise reduction according to claim 2, wherein:

in S2, a one-way sealing valve is disposed on a surface of the vacuum chamber, and a periphery of the one-way sealing valve is sealed;

5. The method of building noise reduction according to claim 4, wherein:

the vacuum degree in the vacuum cavity is not more than-0.02 MPa.

6. A sound insulation and noise reduction structure is characterized in that:

the vacuum degree in the vacuum cavity is not more than-0.01 MPa;

7. A sound insulating and noise reducing structure according to claim 6, wherein:

the vacuum chamber is adhesively connected to the sound-insulating object or adhesively connected and fastened with fasteners.

8. A sound insulating and noise reducing structure according to claim 6, wherein:

the vacuum chamber includes:

a sealing layer forming a sealing surface layer of the vacuum chamber;

the support structure is made of porous materials, pores or cavities in the support structure are communicated with each other, and the porosity is not lower than 70%;

the support structure is wrapped and sealed by the sealing layer.

9. A sound insulating and noise reducing structure according to claim 8, wherein:

the support structure is a non-woven felt made of a nano-pore silicon fiber plate, a rock wool plate, a glass fiber plate or glass fibers.

10. A sound insulating and noise reducing structure according to claim 6, wherein:

the surface of the vacuum cavity is provided with a one-way sealing valve; and sealing the periphery of the one-way sealing valve.