CN113585333B - Underground space construction karst cave top wall reinforcing structure and processing method - Google Patents
Underground space construction karst cave top wall reinforcing structure and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113585333B CN113585333B CN202110778342.6A CN202110778342A CN113585333B CN 113585333 B CN113585333 B CN 113585333B CN 202110778342 A CN202110778342 A CN 202110778342A CN 113585333 B CN113585333 B CN 113585333B
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- karst cave
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/04—Making large underground spaces, e.g. for underground plants, e.g. stations of underground railways; Construction or layout thereof
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D13/00—Large underground chambers; Methods or apparatus for making them
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of underground space construction, and particularly discloses a top wall reinforcing structure of a karst cave for underground space construction, which comprises a supporting pile, a supporting piece arranged at the top end of the supporting pile, an air bag and a concrete layer arranged on the supporting piece, wherein the supporting pile penetrates through the soil layer and the karst cave and is fixed on a rock stratum, a pile hole for the supporting pile to penetrate through is arranged on the soil layer, and the supporting piece comprises a body, a cone arranged at the bottom end of the body and a supporting plate rotationally arranged on the cone. Greatly reducing construction cost and period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground space construction, in particular to a reinforced structure of a karst cave top wall in underground space construction and a processing method.
Background
With the rapid development of economy in China, infrastructure construction is also developed in a fierce manner, and in the construction process of a new high-speed railway station, underground construction is needed, and karst caves are often encountered due to the particularity of landforms. The karst cave is an underground space formed by karst action in soluble rocks, the karst cave is formed as a result of long-term corrosion of underground water in limestone areas, and insoluble calcium carbonate in the limestone can be converted into soluble calcium bicarbonate under the action of water and carbon dioxide. As there are significant buildings around, in the event of an inability to move site, the caverns can affect the stability of the infrastructure above it. The traditional construction method is to fill the karst cave with filling materials, the construction mode has high cost and long period, and the deep trend of the karst cave cannot be completely clear due to the large karst cave, so the filling materials are easy to lose.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of high cost and long period of a construction method for filling a large cavern with a filling material in the prior art, and provides a top wall reinforcing structure for an underground space construction cavern and a processing method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a reinforcing structure of top wall of karst cave for underground space construction and its processing method are disclosed, which comprises supporting piles, supporting pieces arranged at top ends of the supporting piles, air bags arranged on the supporting pieces and concrete layers, the supporting pile passes through the soil layer and the karst cave and then is fixed on the rock stratum, the soil layer is provided with a pile hole for the supporting pile to pass through, the supporting piece comprises a body, a cone arranged at the bottom end of the body and a supporting plate rotationally arranged on the cone, one end of the supporting plate is provided with a limiting block, the limiting block enables the rotating range of the supporting plate to be 0-90 degrees, the middle part of the air bag is provided with a connecting hole matched with the body, the air bag is provided with a folding part, the edge of the air bag is provided with a bulge, a groove is arranged between the bulge and the connecting hole, and the air bag is provided with an inflation hole.
Preferably, the side wall of the body is provided with a reinforcing rib, and the cross-sectional shapes of the body and the reinforcing rib are the same as the cross-sectional shape of the connecting hole.
Preferably, be provided with the bearing in the backup pad, it is connected with the dwang to rotate on the bearing, the dwang with the one end of backup pad is fixed.
Preferably, one end of the cone is provided with a connecting part, a clamping block is arranged on the connecting part, and a clamping groove matched with the clamping block is arranged at the top end of the supporting pile.
Preferably, the air pump is further included, an output end of the air pump is connected with an air pipe, a one-way valve is arranged in the air inflation hole, and the air pipe is connected with the one-way valve.
Preferably, the number of the pile holes is multiple, the number of the air bags is multiple, and the top end of the karst cave is sealed by the multiple groups of the air bags.
Preferably, the air bag is formed by jointly vulcanizing rubber and fiber fabric.
Preferably, the edge of the concrete layer is provided with a barrier wall.
The invention also provides a processing method for the reinforced structure of the top wall of the karst cave constructed in the underground space, which comprises the following steps:
detecting the position of the karst cave and measuring the depth and the size of the karst cave;
drilling a pile hole at the top end of a soil layer where the karst cave is located;
arranging a supporting pile in the karst cave through the pile hole, so that the bottom end of the supporting pile is fixed in the rock stratum;
moving the support piece into the karst cave through the pile hole, and opening a support plate at the bottom end of the support piece after penetrating through the pile hole;
moving an air bag into the karst cave through a pile hole, laying the air bag on the supporting plate, inflating the air bag to expand the air bag, and sealing the top end of the karst cave by the air bag;
and injecting concrete into the karst cave through the pile hole, wherein the top end of the karst cave is sealed by the concrete at the top end of the air bag to form a concrete layer.
Preferably, the edge of the concrete layer is provided with a barrier wall, and after the soil layer in the barrier wall is dug out, the concrete layer is continuously paved in the barrier wall.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the supporting piles are arranged in the karst cave, the supporting pieces are arranged at the top ends of the supporting piles, the supporting plates are unfolded after the supporting pieces enter the karst cave, the air bags are moved into the karst cave and inflated and then laid on the supporting plates, concrete is injected into the karst cave, and the top ends of the karst cave are sealed by the concrete at the top ends of the air bags to form a concrete layer, so that the whole karst cave can be prevented from being filled, and the construction cost and the construction period are greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a reinforcing structure for a top wall of a karst cave constructed in an underground space according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a support member in the reinforcing structure of the top wall of the cavern for underground space construction shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the support member shown in FIG. 2 at A;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the support member shown in FIG. 2 after the support plate has been rotated and deployed;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the reinforced structure of the top wall of the cavern for underground construction shown in FIG. 1 after the air bag is inflated and unfolded;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of pile holes drilled in the method for treating the reinforcing structure of the top wall of the karst cave constructed in the underground space according to the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view illustrating a supporting pile disposed inside a cavern in a processing method for constructing a top wall reinforcing structure of the cavern in an underground space according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view illustrating a supporting member being moved into a cavern in a processing method for constructing a reinforced structure of a top wall of the cavern in an underground space according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view illustrating a supporting plate at the bottom end of a supporting member being opened after passing through the pile hole in the method for treating a reinforced structure of a top wall of a karst cave for underground space construction according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view illustrating the movement of the air bag into the cavern in the treatment method for constructing the reinforced structure of the top wall of the cavern in the underground space according to the invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view illustrating the inflation of the air bag into the interior of the air bag in a treatment method for constructing a reinforced structure of the top wall of the karst cave in the underground space according to the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a barrier wall arranged at the edge of the concrete layer in the processing method for constructing the reinforced structure of the top wall of the karst cave in the underground space.
In the figure: the concrete block wall comprises 1 soil layer, 2 karst caves, 3 rock layers, 4 pile holes, 5 supporting piles, 6 supporting pieces, 61 supporting plates, 611 limiting blocks, 62 bodies, 621 reinforcing ribs, 63 cones, 64 connecting parts, 65 bearings, 7 air bags, 71 bulges, 72 connecting holes, 73 grooves, 74 folding parts, 75 inflation holes, 8 air pumps, 9 concrete layers and 10 block walls.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1-5, a reinforcing structure for an underground space construction karst cave top wall includes a supporting pile 5, a supporting member 6 disposed at the top end of the supporting pile 5, an air bag 7 disposed on the supporting member 6, and a concrete layer 9. in this embodiment, the reinforcing structure for an underground space construction karst cave top wall provided by the present invention is used for reinforcing the top of a large karst cave, a karst cave 2 is located in a soil layer 1, the bottom end of the soil layer 1 has a harder rock layer 3, the supporting pile 5 passes through the soil layer 1 and the karst cave 2 and then is fixed on the rock layer 3, the supporting pile 5 is vertically and fixedly disposed, a pile hole 4 for the supporting pile 5 to pass through is disposed on the soil layer 1, the supporting member 6 includes a body 62, a cone 63 disposed at the bottom end of the body 62, and a supporting plate 61 rotatably disposed on the cone 63, specifically, a bearing 65 is disposed on the supporting plate 61, the bearing 65 is rotatably connected with a rotating rod, the rotating rod is fixed to one end of the supporting plate 61, one end of the supporting plate 61 is provided with a limiting block 611, the limiting block 611 enables the rotating range of the supporting plate 61 to be 0-90 degrees, the supporting piece 6 penetrates through the pile hole 4 and then enables the supporting plate 61 to rotate under the action of gravity or through a steel bar and the like, the supporting plate 61 is horizontally arranged after rotating, then the air bag 7 is moved into the karst cave 2 through the pile hole 4, the middle part of the air bag 7 is provided with a connecting hole 72 matched with the body 62, the air bag 7 is provided with a folding part 74, the folding part 74 can be folded under the state that the air bag 7 is not inflated through the folding part 74, the size of the air bag 7 is further reduced, the air bag 7 can be conveniently moved into the karst cave 2 through the pile hole 4, the edge of the air bag 7 is provided with a bulge 71, and the arrangement of the bulge 71 can prevent the concrete from flowing out after grouting on the one hand, on the other hand can laminate better with the inner wall of solution cavity, be provided with recess 73 between arch 71 and the connecting hole 72, the setting of arch 71 and recess 73 can be convenient for pour the concrete conveniently on the top of gasbag 7 for concrete layer 9 stabilizes the setting on gasbag 7, be provided with inflation hole 75 on the gasbag 7 for aerify the inside of gasbag 7.
The airbag 7 is formed by vulcanizing a combination of rubber and fabric. The thickness of the air bag 7 before being inflated is 0.5-1cm, the thickness of the air bag 7 after the air bag 7 is inflated is 1-2cm, and the expansion of the air bag 7 is used for increasing the tiled area of the top end of the supporting plate 61 and facilitating concrete pouring. After the concrete layer 9 is poured, the air bag 7 is compressed under stress, and the thickness change range after compression is 0.5-1cm, so that the formation and the stability of the concrete layer 9 cannot be influenced. Further, in order to guarantee that the air bags 7 can smoothly support the concrete layer 9, the number of the pile holes 4 is multiple, the number of the air bags 7 can be multiple groups, the multiple groups of air bags 7 are tiled and stacked, the concrete is gradually piled up and poured, the air bags 7 are mutually extruded and become dense, and then the multiple groups of air bags 7 seal the top end of the karst cave 2.
Further, the lateral wall of body 62 is provided with strengthening rib 621, the body 62 with the cross sectional shape of strengthening rib 621 with the cross sectional shape of connecting hole 72 is the same, strengthening rib 621 can increase the intensity of body 62, can also avoid simultaneously that gasbag 7 from removing the in-process to the cavern 2, gasbag 7 takes place to rotate, is convenient for to the location of gasbag 7.
Further, one end of the cone 63 is provided with a connecting portion 64, the connecting portion 64 is provided with a clamping block, the top end of the supporting pile 5 is provided with a clamping groove matched with the clamping block, and the supporting piece 6 can be smoothly fixed to the top end of the supporting pile 5 through the matching of the clamping block and the clamping groove.
It can be understood that, in order to inflate the airbag 7, the air pump 8 is further included, an output end of the air pump 8 is connected with an air pipe, a one-way valve is arranged in the inflation hole 75, and the air pipe is connected with the one-way valve.
Preferably, in one embodiment, the edge of the concrete layer 9 is provided with a barrier wall 10, and the barrier wall 10 is provided to further reinforce the concrete layer 9.
Referring to fig. 6 to 11, the present invention further provides a method for processing a reinforced structure of a top wall of a karst cave for underground space construction, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, survey the cave 2 position, measure the degree of depth and the size of cave 2, it needs to explain, because the cave constitutional features is complicated, it is difficult to grasp completely, also so the trend of the cave depths can not be completely clear, adopt the in-process filler material of the prior art cave of filling to run off very easily, and in this embodiment, can be according to ground penetrating radar, only need survey information such as the characteristic of cave top and the cave depth, need not carry out the complete detection to the detailed characteristic of cave bottom, after having laid gasbag 7 subsequently, form concrete layer at the top of gasbag 7 in the grout, and utilize bearing pile 5 to support, just can seal and support the top of cave 2. Then, drilling a pile hole 4 at the top end of the soil layer where the karst cave 2 is located; after the information such as the position, the shape and the like of the karst cave 2 is determined, the position and the number of the pile holes 4 are convenient to determine. Then, arranging a support pile 5 in the karst cave 2 through the pile hole 4, so that the bottom end of the support pile 5 is fixed in the rock stratum 3; the top ends of the support piles 5 are arranged in the cavern 2, and the top ends of the support piles 5 are located at the same horizontal line. Then, the support piece 6 is moved into the karst cave 2 through the pile hole 4, and the support plate 61 at the bottom end of the support piece 6 penetrates through the pile hole 4 and then is opened; in this embodiment, the cone 63 is in the shape of a truncated pyramid, and correspondingly, the number of the support plates 61 on one support 6 is four, and in other embodiments, not shown, the cone 63 may also be in the shape of a truncated pyramid with a plurality of corresponding support plates 61. Then, moving the airbag 7 into the cavern 2 through the pile hole 4, laying the airbag 7 on the support plate 61, inflating the airbag 7 to expand the airbag 7, and gradually deploying the expanded airbag 7 to seal the top end of the cavern 2 by the airbag 7; and finally, concrete is injected into the karst cave 2 through the pile hole 4, and the top end of the karst cave 2 is sealed by the concrete at the top end of the air bag 7 to form a concrete layer 9. It can be understood that in the present embodiment, the height of the top end of the support pile 5, i.e. the position of the bottom end of the support member 6, and the position of the corresponding air bag 7 determine the thickness of the concrete layer 9, and after calculating the weight of the construction set, the specifications of the pile holes 4, the support piles 5 and the support piles 5 are selected according to the construction, so as to ensure that the support piles 5 can support the weight of the concrete layer 9 and the construction facilities.
Referring to fig. 12, preferably, in one embodiment, a barrier wall 10 is disposed at an edge of the concrete layer 9, and after the soil layer in the barrier wall 10 is excavated, the concrete layer 9 is continuously laid in the barrier wall 10.
According to the invention, the supporting pile 5 is arranged in the karst cave 2, the supporting piece 6 is arranged at the top end of the supporting pile 5, the supporting plate 61 is unfolded after the supporting piece 6 enters the karst cave 2, the air bag 7 is moved into the karst cave 2 and is laid on the supporting plate 61 after being inflated, concrete is injected into the karst cave 2, the top end of the karst cave 2 is sealed by the concrete at the top end of the air bag 7 to form the concrete layer 9, the whole karst cave can be prevented from being filled, and the construction cost and the construction period are greatly reduced.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered as the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The underground space construction karst cave top wall reinforcing structure is characterized by comprising a supporting pile (5), a supporting piece (6) arranged at the top end of the supporting pile (5), an air bag (7) and a concrete layer (9) which are arranged on the supporting piece (6), wherein the supporting pile (5) penetrates through the soil layer (1) and a karst cave (2) and then is fixed on a rock stratum (3), a pile hole (4) for the supporting pile (5) to penetrate through is formed in the soil layer (1), the supporting piece (6) comprises a body (62), a cone (63) arranged at the bottom end of the body (62) and a supporting plate (61) rotatably arranged on the cone (63), a limiting block (611) is arranged at one end of the supporting plate (61), the limiting block (611) enables the rotating range of the supporting plate (61) to be 0-90 degrees, a connecting hole (72) matched with the body (62) is formed in the middle of the air bag (7), be provided with folded portion (74) on gasbag (7), the edge of gasbag (7) is provided with arch (71), be provided with recess (73) between arch (71) and connecting hole (72), be provided with gas charging hole (75) on gasbag (7).
2. A reinforcing structure of an upper wall of a cavern for underground space construction as recited in claim 1, wherein the side wall of the body (62) is provided with a reinforcing rib (621), and the cross-sectional shapes of the body (62) and the reinforcing rib (621) are the same as the cross-sectional shape of the connection hole (72).
3. The underground space construction karst cave top wall reinforcing structure of claim 1, characterized in that a bearing (65) is arranged on the supporting plate (61), a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the bearing (65), and the rotating rod is fixed with one end of the supporting plate (61).
4. A reinforcing structure for the top wall of a karst cave for underground space construction according to claim 1, wherein one end of the cone (63) is provided with a connecting part (64), the connecting part (64) is provided with a clamping block, and the top end of the supporting pile (5) is provided with a clamping groove matched with the clamping block.
5. The structure as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an air pump (8), wherein an output end of the air pump (8) is connected with an air pipe, a one-way valve is arranged in the inflation hole (75), and the air pipe is connected with the one-way valve.
6. A reinforcement structure for a top wall of a cavern for underground space construction according to claim 1, wherein the number of the pile holes (4) is plural, the number of the air bags (7) is plural, and the plural sets of the air bags (7) close the top end of the cavern (2).
7. A reinforcement structure for a top wall of a cavern for underground construction according to claim 1, wherein the air bag (7) is formed by co-vulcanization of rubber and fiber fabric.
8. A reinforcement structure for an underground space construction karst cave top wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the edges of the concrete layer (9) are provided with barrier walls (10).
9. The method for processing the reinforcement structure of the top wall of the karst cave for the underground space construction according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
detecting the position of the karst cave (2), and measuring the depth and the size of the karst cave (2);
drilling a pile hole (4) at the top end of the soil layer where the karst cave (2) is located;
arranging a supporting pile (5) in the karst cave (2) through the pile hole (4) so that the bottom end of the supporting pile (5) is fixed in the rock stratum (3);
moving the support member (6) into the karst cave (2) through the pile hole (4), and opening a support plate (61) at the bottom end of the support member (6) after penetrating through the pile hole (4);
moving an air bag (7) into the karst cave (2) through a pile hole (4), laying the air bag (7) on the supporting plate (61), inflating the air bag (7) to expand the air bag (7), and sealing the top end of the karst cave (2) by the air bag (7);
concrete is injected into the karst cave (2) through the pile hole (4), and the top end of the karst cave (2) is sealed by the concrete at the top end of the air bag (7) to form a concrete layer (9).
10. A method for processing a reinforced structure of a top wall of a karst cave for underground space construction according to claim 9, characterized in that a barrier wall (10) is arranged at the edge of the concrete layer (9), and after the soil layer in the barrier wall (10) is excavated, the concrete layer (9) is continuously laid in the barrier wall (10).
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103982203A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-08-13 | 太原理工大学 | Method for stopping inrushing of goaf water of mine |
| CN212064807U (en) * | 2020-01-18 | 2020-12-04 | 贵州理工学院 | Rocky desertification area soil and water loss treatment system |
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| NZ567657A (en) * | 2005-10-24 | 2012-04-27 | Shell Int Research | Methods of hydrotreating a liquid stream to remove clogging compounds |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103982203A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-08-13 | 太原理工大学 | Method for stopping inrushing of goaf water of mine |
| CN212064807U (en) * | 2020-01-18 | 2020-12-04 | 贵州理工学院 | Rocky desertification area soil and water loss treatment system |
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