CN113584476A - Powder for preparing high-dispersion tungsten carbide coating by laser cladding and preparation method - Google Patents
Powder for preparing high-dispersion tungsten carbide coating by laser cladding and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007550 Rockwell hardness test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001856 aerosol method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010327 methods by industry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
Abstract
The invention discloses a powder for preparing a high-dispersion tungsten carbide coating by laser cladding and a preparation method thereof, wherein the powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.8-1.0 wt% of carbon, 15-20 wt% of chromium, 17-20 wt% of tungsten, 3-5 wt% of iron, 2-4 wt% of silicon, 3-5 wt% of molybdenum, 1-3 wt% of boron, 0.3-1 wt% of copper and the balance of nickel; the method comprises the following steps: mechanically grinding tungsten carbide until nano-scale tungsten carbide particles are obtained; preparing a spherical nickel-based binder phase by using a rotary electrode method; uniformly mixing the nano-scale tungsten carbide particles and the spherical nickel-based binder phase, and sintering to prepare a metal alloy bar raw material; preparing the metal alloy bar raw material into composite particle reinforced metal powder by a rotary electrode method. After the powder prepared by the invention is prepared into a coating, the laser cladding coating has uniform structure, and the hard particle tungsten carbide is dispersed and distributed in the whole coating.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of materials and laser processing, in particular to powder for preparing a high-dispersion tungsten carbide coating by laser cladding and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of laser technology, laser cladding technology is widely applied to industrial production as a novel surface modification technology. In order to obtain coatings with different characteristic requirements, the coatings are prepared by mixing or conforming to a powder system of carbide, nitride, boride, oxide, silicide and other high-melting-point hard particles and metals in the laser cladding process. In order to prepare the wear-resistant coating, carbide and oxide hard particles are often directly added into the metal-based alloy to reinforce the coating, but the phenomena of carbide burning loss, carbon loss and the like are easily caused by the direct action of laser and carbide.
Nickel-based tungsten carbide coatings are widely used in engineering practice, but in the laser cladding process, because the densities of nickel-based and tungsten carbide are significantly different, tungsten carbide particles are often gathered at the bottom of the coating, which seriously affects the properties of the coating. In order to obtain a coating with uniformly distributed hardness, many researchers propose to regulate and control the distribution of hard particles by physical means such as an electric field, a magnetic field, mechanical vibration, ultrasonic waves and the like. Although the distribution of hard particles can be effectively regulated and controlled by adopting a physical field, the engineering application cost is high, the process engineering is complex, the method is not suitable for actual production, and the development of the method is greatly and seriously limited. In addition, some researchers have employed some coated hard particles, such as nickel-coated tungsten carbide, nickel-coated boron carbide, and nickel-coated silicon carbide, to reduce the oxidative decomposition of hard particles such as tungsten carbide. The coated hard particles are usually coated with a layer of pure nickel by chemical and physical methods, so that the problem of wettability is solved to a certain extent, but the coated hard particles cannot be directly used in the actual cladding process. In order to prevent the generation of defects such as cracks, the binder should be mixed with binder phases such as nickel-based, cobalt-based and iron-based phases, and it is difficult to achieve uniform distribution of the strengthening phase. In addition, due to the size difference between the nano reinforcing phase and the binder phase, absolute uniformity is difficult to achieve, so that the obtained coating still has the phenomenon of non-uniform structure caused by non-uniform particle distribution. Therefore, it is very important to find a method for obtaining a laser cladding coating with uniformly distributed hard particles and stable hardness and structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve various problems of the existing nickel-based tungsten carbide coating, and provides powder for preparing a high-dispersion tungsten carbide coating by laser cladding and a preparation method thereof.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme: the powder for preparing the high-dispersion tungsten carbide coating by laser cladding comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.8-1.0 wt% of carbon, 15-20 wt% of chromium, 17-20 wt% of tungsten, 3-5 wt% of iron, 2-4 wt% of silicon, 3-5 wt% of molybdenum, 1-3 wt% of boron, 0.3-1 wt% of copper and the balance of nickel.
A preparation method of powder for preparing a high-dispersion tungsten carbide coating by laser cladding specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mechanically grinding the high-purity tungsten carbide until nano-scale tungsten carbide particles are obtained;
step two: smelting nickel, chromium, iron, molybdenum, silicon, boron and copper elements in a vacuum smelting furnace according to component proportions by using a rotary electrode method, and preparing spherical nickel-based binder phase by molten liquid drops after smelting;
step three: uniformly mixing the nano-scale tungsten carbide particles obtained in the step one and the spherical nickel-based binder phase obtained in the step two according to the weight ratio of 1:4, sintering, and preparing a metal alloy bar raw material in a dispersion distribution manner in a hot isostatic pressing manner;
step four: and (3) preparing the metal alloy bar raw material in the third step into the composite particle reinforced metal powder with high sphericity and high dispersion of tungsten carbide by a rotating electrode method.
Further, in the second step, the component proportions of nickel, chromium, iron, molybdenum, silicon, boron and copper are respectively as follows: 53.7-68.2 wt%: 20-24.3 wt%: 3.8-6.1 wt%: 3.8-6.1 wt%: 2.5-4.9 wt%: 1.3-3.7 wt%: 0.4-1.2 wt%.
Further, in the third step, the carbon and the tungsten in the nano-scale tungsten carbide particles account for 0.8-1.0 wt% and 17-20 wt% of the whole.
Furthermore, the composite particle reinforced metal powder prepared in the fourth step has high sphericity, hard particles in each powder are distributed in a dispersed manner, and the cladding layer also reflects the characteristic of high dispersion distribution of the hard particles.
The coating can be formed by using the composite particle reinforced metal powder in the fourth step by adopting a powder feeding type laser cladding or a preset powder type laser cladding process. The substrate of the coating is generally selected from 304 stainless steel materials, and other materials can be selected.
The power of the semiconductor laser adopted when the two processes are utilized is 1.5-1.8 kW, the laser scanning speed is 360-420 mm/min, the powder delivery amount is 10-15 g/min or the preset thickness is 0.5-2mm, and the lap joint rate is 40-60%.
The prepared coating has good wear-resisting and scratch-resisting characteristics in a high-temperature environment, and the surface of the coating is bright and has no obvious oxidized slag. The thickness of the coating can be adjusted by changing the powder feeding amount and the preset thickness, and the characteristics of dispersion distribution after the thickness of the coating is adjusted are not changed.
The hard particle reinforced powder of the present invention has the following effects:
nickel: as the main metal binding phase, the method can improve the shaping and the toughness of the cladding layer, reduce the thermal expansion coefficient of the cladding layer and reduce the residual stress.
Tungsten carbide particles: the tungsten carbide is used as a reinforcing phase and is uniformly dispersed in the single-particle powder, and the hardness and the strength of the cladding layer are greatly enhanced by adding the tungsten carbide.
Carbon: generally, the higher the carbon content, the higher the hardness and the better the wear resistance, but the toughness and the shape etc. decrease with increasing carbon content and the tendency to crack increases, so the carbon content of the cermet alloy powder should be selected in consideration of the toughness as much as possible.
Chromium: the solid solution strengthening capability is strong, chromium-rich carbide is easily formed by adding Cr element, and meanwhile, the Cr-rich in the coating is beneficial to improving the corrosion resistance and the oxidation resistance of the coating.
Molybdenum: the coating has the advantages of small thermal expansion coefficient, good thermal conductivity, improved strength and toughness, refined grains and improved uniformity of structure.
Silicon: the slagging capacity is strong, and the slag can be easily combined with oxygen in a molten pool to cover the surface in the laser cladding process.
Boron: besides good slagging capacity, the slag-smelting steel also has good fine-grain strengthening effect.
Iron: improving the toughness of the coating and adjusting the thermal expansion coefficient of the coating.
The alloy powder is prepared according to a conventional aerosol method, and the laser cladding process parameters of the powder are as follows when the coating is prepared: the laser power is 1.5-1.8 kW, the laser scanning speed is 360-420 mm/min, the powder feeding amount is 10-15 g/min, and the lap joint rate is 30-50%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: after the powder prepared by the invention is prepared into a coating, the laser cladding coating is metallurgically bonded with the matrix, the cladding coating has uniform tissue, and the hard particle tungsten carbide is dispersedly distributed in the whole coating.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of a single powder of highly dispersed tungsten carbide particles of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope photomicrograph of a low magnification coating made using a highly dispersed tungsten carbide powder according to example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a high-power scanning electron microscope image of a cladding layer made of the powder of the highly dispersed tungsten carbide coating in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
as shown in fig. 1, the powder for preparing the high dispersion tungsten carbide coating by laser cladding comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.8-1.0 wt% of carbon, 15-20 wt% of chromium, 17-20 wt% of tungsten, 3-5 wt% of iron, 2-4 wt% of silicon, 3-5 wt% of molybdenum, 1-3 wt% of boron, 0.3-1 wt% of copper and the balance of nickel.
A preparation method of powder for preparing a high-dispersion tungsten carbide coating by laser cladding specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mechanically grinding the high-purity tungsten carbide until nano-scale tungsten carbide particles are obtained;
step two: smelting nickel, chromium, iron, molybdenum, silicon, boron and copper elements in a vacuum smelting furnace according to component proportions by using a rotary electrode method, and preparing spherical nickel-based binder phase by molten liquid drops after smelting;
step three: uniformly mixing the nano-scale tungsten carbide particles obtained in the step one and the spherical nickel-based binder phase obtained in the step two, sintering, and preparing a metal alloy bar raw material in a dispersion distribution manner in a hot isostatic pressing manner;
step four: and (3) preparing the metal alloy bar raw material in the third step into the composite particle reinforced metal powder with high sphericity and high dispersion of tungsten carbide by a rotating electrode method.
The preparation of the coating by using a powder for preparing the high-dispersion tungsten carbide coating by laser cladding has the following examples:
example 1:
1) 304 stainless steel is selected as a substrate, the surface is polished by sand paper, and then oil stains are removed by using alcohol solution.
2) And (3) putting the prepared special powder into an oven for half an hour to remove moisture, drying, putting into a boiling type powder feeder, and adopting a coaxial powder feeding mode.
3) Cladding was performed using a 2000W semiconductor laser, with a spot diameter of 4 mm. The selected process comprises the following steps: the laser power P was 1500W, the scanning speed was 360mm/s, and the powder feed amount was 12 g/min.
4) Observed by a scanning electron microscope, the cladding layer has uniform structure, the hard particles are highly dispersed, and eutectic structures exist around the hard particles, as shown in fig. 2.
5) The rockwell hardness test (random 10 points) was performed on the clad surface, and the results are shown in table 1. The result shows that the average Rockwell hardness of the coating can reach 61.0HRC after the powder is used for laser strengthening.
Table 1 rockwell hardness of cladding layer in embodiment 1
Example 2:
1) 304 stainless steel is selected as a substrate, the surface is polished by sand paper, and then oil stains are removed by using alcohol solution.
2) And (3) putting the prepared special powder into an oven for half an hour to remove moisture, drying, putting into a scraper type powder feeder, and adopting a coaxial powder feeding mode.
3) Cladding was performed using a 2000W semiconductor laser, with a spot diameter of 4 mm. The selected process comprises the following steps: the laser power P was 1600W, the scanning speed was 420mm/s, and the powder feed amount was 10 g/min.
4) Observed by an electron microscope, the cladding layer has uniform structure, the hard particles are highly dispersed, and eutectic structures exist around the hard particles, as shown in fig. 3.
Example 3:
1) 304 stainless steel is selected as a substrate, the surface is polished by sand paper, and then oil stains are removed by using alcohol solution.
2) And (3) putting the prepared special powder into a dryer for half an hour to remove moisture, drying, putting the powder into a scraper type powder feeder, and adopting a coaxial powder feeding mode.
3) Cladding was performed using a 2000W semiconductor laser, with a spot diameter of 4 mm. The selected process comprises the following steps: the laser power P was 1800W, the scanning speed was 420mm/s, and the powder feed amount was 15 g/min.
4) Observed by a scanning electron microscope, the cladding layer has uniform structure, the hard particles are highly dispersed, and eutectic structures exist around the hard particles.
Example 4:
1) 304 stainless steel is selected as a substrate, the surface is polished by sand paper, and then oil stains are removed by using alcohol solution.
2) And (3) putting the prepared special powder into a dryer for half an hour to remove moisture, drying, putting the powder into a scraper type powder feeder, and adopting a coaxial powder feeding mode.
3) Cladding was performed using a 2000W semiconductor laser, with a spot diameter of 4 mm. The selected process comprises the following steps: the laser power P is 1600W, the scanning speed is 420mm/s, and the preset powder thickness is 1.5 mm.
4) Observed by a scanning electron microscope, the cladding layer has uniform structure, the hard particles are highly dispersed, and eutectic structures exist around the hard particles.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention, so long as the technical solutions can be realized on the basis of the above embodiments without creative efforts, which should be considered to fall within the protection scope of the patent of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The powder for preparing the high-dispersion tungsten carbide coating by laser cladding is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.8-1.0 wt% of carbon, 15-20 wt% of chromium, 17-20 wt% of tungsten, 3-5 wt% of iron, 2-4 wt% of silicon, 3-5 wt% of molybdenum, 1-3 wt% of boron, 0.3-1 wt% of copper and the balance of nickel.
2. The powder for preparing the high-dispersion tungsten carbide coating by laser cladding according to claim 1, wherein the powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: a preparation method of powder for preparing a high-dispersion tungsten carbide coating by laser cladding specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mechanically grinding the high-purity tungsten carbide until nano-scale tungsten carbide particles are obtained;
step two: smelting nickel, chromium, iron, molybdenum, silicon, boron and copper elements in a vacuum smelting furnace according to component proportions by using a rotary electrode method, and preparing spherical nickel-based binder phase by molten liquid drops after smelting;
step three: uniformly mixing the nano-scale tungsten carbide particles obtained in the step one and the spherical nickel-based binder phase obtained in the step two, sintering, and preparing a metal alloy bar raw material in a dispersion distribution manner in a hot isostatic pressing manner;
step four: and (3) preparing the metal alloy bar raw material in the third step into the composite particle reinforced metal powder with high sphericity and high dispersion of tungsten carbide by a rotating electrode method.
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| CN110653376A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-01-07 | 安徽中体新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of nickel-based alloy powder for 3D printing |
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