CN113584291B - Automatic flame quenching heat treatment process for camshaft - Google Patents
Automatic flame quenching heat treatment process for camshaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN113584291B CN113584291B CN202110718527.8A CN202110718527A CN113584291B CN 113584291 B CN113584291 B CN 113584291B CN 202110718527 A CN202110718527 A CN 202110718527A CN 113584291 B CN113584291 B CN 113584291B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/30—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for crankshafts; for camshafts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/52—Methods of heating with flames
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a flame quenching automatic heat treatment process of a camshaft, belonging to the technical field of flame quenching of camshafts, which comprises the following specific steps: the method comprises the following steps: transferring the processed camshaft to a quenching site, and loading the camshaft onto a clamp on an automatic quenching device; step two: starting an automatic quenching device, quenching the camshaft from bottom to top and simultaneously cooling, and meanwhile installing a new camshaft on a clamp which is not provided with the camshaft so as to achieve continuous quenching work of the equipment; step three: when the quenched camshaft is removed from the equipment by the automatic quenching device, a new camshaft is installed again, and the quenched camshaft is transferred; the problem of current equipment receive confined eddy current coil's effect, can only press from both sides the dress to camshaft one end usually, very easily cause the camshaft to rock, lead to camshaft and heating eddy current coil to bump the scratch even to the phenomenon that leads to camshaft poor quality to damage appears.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flame quenching of camshafts, in particular to a flame quenching automatic heat treatment process for a camshaft.
Background
The camshaft is one of the key moving parts of the heart of the internal combustion engine and bears the action of complex stress such as extrusion, friction, impact, bending and the like in the working process. In order to ensure the safety and reliability of the internal combustion engine in the use process, the cam part of the cam shaft can have high enough strength, plasticity and toughness through heat treatment, and the cam profile has high hardness, wear resistance and fatigue strength, so that the service life of the cam shaft can be ensured.
When existing equipment quenches the camshaft, adopt fixed eddy current coil to heat the camshaft in moving usually, the camshaft after saying the camshaft heating immerses in the coolant liquid and quenches, and receive confined eddy current coil's effect, can only press from both sides the dress to camshaft one end usually, because the camshaft needs to remove, and camshaft centre of gravity itself is in eccentric state, thereby it is very high to the anchor clamps requirement of camshaft, it has the decline to extremely to cause the camshaft to rock to appear the heat in the cooling process, thereby probably lead to camshaft and eddy current coil axis to take place the skew, thereby make camshaft surface heating inhomogeneous, lead to the camshaft and heat eddy current coil to take place the collision scratch even, thereby the phenomenon that leads to the poor damage of camshaft quality appears.
Based on the technical scheme, the invention designs an automatic flame quenching heat treatment process for the camshaft to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic flame quenching heat treatment process for a camshaft, which aims to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a flame quenching automatic heat treatment process for a camshaft comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: transferring the processed camshaft to a quenching site, and loading the camshaft onto a clamp on an automatic quenching device;
step two: starting an automatic quenching device, quenching the camshaft from bottom to top and simultaneously cooling, and meanwhile installing a new camshaft on a clamp which is not provided with the camshaft so as to achieve continuous quenching work of the equipment;
step three: when the automatic quenching device takes the quenched camshaft out of the equipment in a rotating manner, a new camshaft is installed, and the quenched camshaft is transferred.
As a further scheme of the invention, the automatic quenching device comprises an eddy current coil, a motor and two three-star frames, two vertical fixing rods are fixedly arranged between the two three-star frames, stepping chutes are vertically formed on the side portions of the two fixing rods, auxiliary rods are vertically and slidably connected to the inner walls of the two stepping chutes, the same mounting ring plate is fixedly arranged at the outer ends of the auxiliary rods at the same height, the same mounting ring plate is fixedly arranged at the outer ends of the fixing rods, three groups of auxiliary rods are fixedly arranged in the mounting ring plate at equal angles around the axis of the mounting ring plate, a vertical fixing plate is fixedly arranged at the other end of the auxiliary rods at the same height, the same vertical eddy current coil is fixedly arranged at the upper ends of the inner side walls of the three fixing plates, the same cooling ring pipe is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the inner side walls of the three fixing plates, nozzles are uniformly arranged at equal angles inwards in the radial direction, a horizontal mounting plate is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the fixing plate between the two fixing rods, the upper end of the mounting plate is fixedly provided with the motor, a transmission rod is rotatably arranged at the outer side wall of the upper end of the fixing plate, a limiting roller is coaxially rotatably provided with a limiting roller, the upper end of the same limiting roller is coaxially rotatably arranged with a limiting roller, the upper end of the gear plate, the lower clamping rack of the upper end of the fixing rod of the camshaft, and the lower clamping rack of the stepping chute are coaxially arranged at the fixing rod.
As a further aspect of the invention, the flame quenching automatic heat treatment process of the camshaft according to the claim is characterized in that: the upper clamping group comprises an upper clamping column, the upper clamping column is vertically sleeved in a through hole formed in the center of the upper three-star frame, an unlocking disc with the diameter larger than that of a cam shaft is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the lower end of the upper clamping column, a reset spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the upper clamping column between the unlocking disc and the three-star frame, and an unlocking trigger plate used for extruding the unlocking disc is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the fixing plate.
As a further scheme of the invention, the lower clamping group comprises a lower clamping column, the lower clamping column is rotatably arranged in a through hole formed in the center of a lower three-star frame, a driving bevel gear is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the transmission rod penetrating through the limiting idler wheel, the outer end of the driving bevel gear is meshed with a sliding bevel gear, the center of the sliding bevel gear is vertically and slidably provided with a rotating rod, two ends of the rotating rod are rotatably arranged between the three-star frames, and two ends penetrating through the three-star frames are connected to the outer ends of the upper clamping column and the lower clamping column through synchronous belt transmission.
As a further scheme of the invention, a Z bracket is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the upper end of the upper clamping column, a transposition rod is sleeved at the other end of the Z bracket, the transposition rod is vertically sleeved in a through hole formed in the side wall of the three-star frame, the transposition rod penetrates through the upper end of the three-star frame and is coaxially and fixedly provided with a compensation plate, two clamp ring plates which are arranged above and below are coaxially and fixedly arranged on the outer walls of the transposition rods of the two three-star frames, a plurality of groups of clamp claws are arranged on the side wall of each clamp claw around the axis at equal angles, each group of clamp claws comprises two clamping brackets, one end of each clamping bracket is hinged on the side wall of the clamp ring plate, the other end of each clamping bracket is in contact connection with the side wall of the camshaft, a trigger shield plate which is used for clamping and opening the brackets and is provided with upper and lower end points is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the mounting ring plate close to the transposition rod, and a grabbing spring is arranged on the outer side of the clamping bracket in each adjacent group of clamp claws.
As a further scheme of the invention, the transposition rod penetrates through the lower end of the planet carrier and is coaxially and fixedly provided with a transposition bevel gear, the upper end of the transposition bevel gear is engaged with a rotating driving bevel gear, the rotating driving bevel gear is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the planet carrier, and a rotating shaft of the rotating driving bevel gear is connected with the outer wall of the lower clamping column through a synchronous belt in a transmission way.
As a further scheme of the invention, the motor adopts a speed reducing motor.
As a further scheme of the invention, the upper clamping column and the lower clamping column are made of non-metal materials.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the annular toothed plate is driven to rotate by the motor, and then the limiting idler wheel is driven to rotate and ascend on the stepping rack fixed at the edge of the stepping sliding groove on the side wall of the fixed rod, so that the transmission rod of the limiting idler wheel drives the fixed plate to ascend, all moving parts on the mounting plate synchronously ascend, the eddy current coil in the middle of the fixed plate and the spray head on the side wall of the cooling annular pipe are driven to ascend around the camshaft along the axis of the camshaft, and the camshaft is subjected to quenching cooling heat treatment, thereby effectively solving the problem that the moving camshaft is heated by the fixed eddy current coil in the existing equipment, and the camshaft and the eddy current coil are collided and scratched due to shaking in the moving process of the camshaft.
2. According to the invention, the fixed plate is indirectly driven to move upwards by the motor to drive the unlocking trigger plate to ascend, so that the unlocking disc is triggered to drive the upper clamping column to move upwards to overcome the elasticity of the reset spring, the clamping extrusion force of the lower end of the upper clamping column on the upper end of the camshaft is removed, and the camshaft subjected to quenching heat treatment is automatically released, so that manual unloading is facilitated, and the problem that the camshaft containing waste heat is unloaded by manually and directly operating the upper clamping group and the lower clamping group in a narrow space of equipment, so that the scalding risk of workers is caused is effectively solved.
3. The transmission rod rotates to indirectly drive the rotating rod to rotate, so that the lower clamping column and the upper clamping column are driven to synchronously rotate, the cam shaft between the lower clamping column and the upper clamping column is driven to slowly rotate, the vortex coil and the nozzle on the side wall of the cooling ring pipe perform dead-angle-free heating quenching heat treatment on the rotating cam shaft, and the problems that the structure of the cam shaft is asymmetric, the quenching heat treatment is performed vertically and vertically, the heating and cooling of the cam shaft are not uniform, and the strength of the cam shaft is poor are effectively solved.
4. According to the invention, the upper clamping column moves upwards to indirectly drive the transposition rod to move upwards, the camshaft subjected to quenching heat treatment is lifted to be separated from the clamping of the upper clamping group and the lower clamping group, and the transposition bevel gear at the lower end of the transposition rod is meshed with the rotating driving bevel gear, so that the power of the lower clamping column is transmitted to the transposition rod to transfer the camshaft, thereby solving the problems of automatic transfer and transfer of the camshaft and avoiding the problem of low equipment efficiency caused by manual operation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the process flow structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a left front plan partial axial cross-sectional configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure at A in FIG. 3 according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a right rear top partial cross-sectional structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG. 5 according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic right side view in partial cross-section of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 7 at C according to the present invention.
In the drawings, the reference numbers indicate the following list of parts:
the device comprises an eddy current coil 9, a motor 10, a spider 11, a fixed rod 12, a stepping sliding groove 13, an auxiliary rod 14, a mounting ring plate 15, a fixed plate 16, a cooling ring pipe 17, a spray head 18, a mounting plate 19, a transmission rod 20, a limiting roller 21, a ring gear plate 22, a stepping rack 23, an upper clamping group 24, a lower clamping group 25, an upper clamping column 30, an unlocking disc 31, a return spring 32, an unlocking trigger plate 33, a lower clamping column 35, a driving bevel gear 36, a sliding bevel gear 37, a rotating rod 38, a Z support 40, a transposition rod 41, a compensating plate 42, a clamp ring plate 43, a clamp claw 44, a clamping support 45, a trigger shield plate 46, a grabbing spring 47, a transposition bevel gear 50 and a rotating driving bevel gear 51.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-8, the present invention provides a technical solution: a flame quenching automatic heat treatment process for a camshaft comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: transferring the processed camshaft to a quenching site, and loading the camshaft onto a clamp on an automatic quenching device;
step two: starting an automatic quenching device, quenching the camshaft from bottom to top and simultaneously cooling, and meanwhile installing a new camshaft on a clamp which is not provided with the camshaft so as to achieve continuous quenching work of the equipment;
step three: when the quenched camshaft is rotated out of the device by the automatic quenching device and then taken down, a new camshaft is installed again, and the quenched camshaft is transferred.
As a further scheme of the invention, the automatic quenching device comprises an eddy current coil 9, a motor 10 and two tripods 11, two vertical fixed rods 12 are fixedly arranged between the two tripods 11, the side parts of the two fixed rods 12 are vertically provided with stepping slide grooves 13, the inner walls of the two stepping slide grooves 13 are vertically and slidably connected with auxiliary rods 14, the outer ends of the auxiliary rods 14 at the same height, which penetrate through the fixed rods 12, are fixedly provided with a same mounting annular plate 15, three groups of auxiliary rods 14 are fixedly arranged in the mounting annular plate 15 at equal angles around the axis thereof, the other end of the auxiliary rod 14 at the same height is fixedly provided with a vertical fixed plate 16, the upper ends of the inner side walls of the three vertical fixed plates 16 are fixedly provided with the same vertical eddy current coil 9, the lower ends of the inner side walls of the three vertical fixed plates 16 are fixedly provided with a same cooling annular pipe 17, the spray heads 18 are uniformly arranged at equal angles in the radial inward direction of the cooling ring pipe 17, a horizontal mounting plate 19 is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of a fixing plate 16 between two fixing rods 12, a motor 10 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the mounting plate 19, a transmission rod 20 is rotatably arranged on the outer side wall of the upper end of the fixing plate 16, the transmission rod 20 at the uppermost layer penetrates through a stepping sliding groove 13, a limiting roller 21 is coaxially rotatably arranged on the outer wall of one end of the stepping sliding groove 13, the upper ends of the three limiting roller 21 are all meshed with a same ring gear plate 22, the upper end of the ring gear plate 22 is connected to an output shaft gear of the motor 10 through a gear set in a transmission manner, a vertical stepping rack 23 meshed with the limiting roller 21 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the fixing rod 12 at the edge of the stepping sliding groove 13, and an upper clamping group 24 and a lower clamping group 25 for clamping a camshaft are arranged at the middle relative positions of the two three-star frames 11.
When the cooling device is used, the device is assembled, and the cooling liquid recovery device is placed at the lower end of the equipment (as shown in fig. 2, the upper part of the equipment is directly above the ground when viewed from the upper part downwards, and the rear side of the equipment is viewed from the right to the left, and the following description is given by adopting the orientation of the equipment and is not repeated; secondly, the device adopts an open type working mode, does not have a cooling liquid recovery device per se, and needs to work at the upper end of a cooling liquid collection device in order to achieve the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction, secondly, the device works in an open type so as to avoid the phenomenon that the conventional immersion type cooling is carried out, the machine cannot be stopped in time after the camshaft is flawed, defective products are continuously processed, and energy materials are wasted, the cooling liquid is pressurized and then is connected to the side wall of a cooling ring pipe 17, the camshaft needing quenching is clamped between an upper clamping group 24 and a lower clamping group 25 (as shown in figures 2 and 3, two groups of clamp supports clamp the two ends of the camshaft so that the camshaft is kept fixed, the camshaft is not moved any more, the stability of the camshaft is ensured, the problem that the camshaft is rocked during the quenching process, the phenomenon that the camshaft is damaged due to the collision of the camshaft and the heating coil is avoided, the motor 10 is started, the eddy current is supplied to the eddy current coil 9, the motor 10 drives the driving ring 22 to rotate at the lower end of the mounting plate 19 at the same time (as shown in figures 7 and 8, the direction of the driving ring gear plate is limited by the rotating direction of the motor 10, the rotating gear set 22, the rotating gear plate 16, the rotating gear plate is only mentioned above, and the rotating direction of the rotating gear plate 16, the limiting idler wheel 21 rotates and rotates on the side wall of the fixed stepping rack 23, so that the transmission rod 20 in the middle of the limiting idler wheel 21 moves upwards along the stepping sliding groove 13 on the side wall of the fixed rod 12 to drive the fixed plate 16 to ascend, the fixed plate 16 ascends and simultaneously drives the eddy current coil 9 and the spray head 18 on the side wall of the cooling ring pipe 17 to ascend around the axis of the camshaft to heat and cool the camshaft (as shown in figures 3 and 4, the equipment adopts heating and cooling from bottom to top, so that cooling liquid can continuously flow from top to bottom along the camshaft, and the cooling effect is enhanced; secondly, the camshaft is vertically clamped, the lower end of the camshaft is heated firstly, the lower end of the camshaft is quenched firstly, so that the lower end of the camshaft is preferentially strengthened, the phenomenon that the camshaft is fractured due to the fact that the lower end of the camshaft is extruded by the gravity of the camshaft is avoided, the cooling liquid flows downwards all the time in a mode of quenching from top to bottom, so that more energy is needed for quenching and heating, and secondly, the cooling liquid is gasified and boiled in large quantity, so that the cooling liquid is consumed abnormally, and the problem that materials and energy are wasted occurs is solved), the auxiliary rods 14 are driven to move upwards along the side walls of the fixed rods 12 by the rising of the fixed plates 16, the mounting ring plates 15 at the outer ends of the auxiliary rods 14 are driven to move upwards by the moving of the auxiliary rods 14 (as shown in figures 3 and 4, a plurality of auxiliary rods 14 and the mounting ring plates 15 are lifted synchronously, so that the fixed plates 16 can be synchronously formed into a complete equipment carrying platform, the integrity and the rigidity of the carrying platform are maintained, so that the normal operation of the equipment can be stably maintained, and simultaneously as shown in figures 4 and 8, wherein the motor 10 is arranged at the upper end of the mounting plate 19, the mounting plate 19 is fixedly arranged on the fixed plates 16, and can drive the motor 10, the mounting plate 19 and other moving components rise synchronously, so that the phenomenon that short circuit fault of the electrical equipment is caused by sputtering of cooling liquid on the electrical equipment at the lower end of the electrical equipment is avoided, the eddy current coil 9 and the cooling ring pipe 17 move to the upper clamping group 24 from the lower clamping group 25 at the lower end of the camshaft, the camshaft is completely quenched and thermally treated, and after machining is completed, the upper clamping group 24 and the lower clamping group 25 are released to take down the camshaft after thermal treatment is completed.
According to the invention, the motor 10 drives the annular toothed plate 22 to rotate, and then the limiting idler wheel 21 is driven to rotate and ascend on the stepping rack 23 fixed at the edge of the stepping sliding groove 13 on the side wall of the fixed rod 12, so that the transmission rod 20 of the limiting idler wheel 21 drives the fixed plate 16 to ascend, all moving parts on the mounting plate 19 synchronously ascend, the eddy current coil 9 in the middle of the fixed plate 16 and the spray head 18 on the side wall of the cooling annular pipe 17 are driven to ascend around the camshaft along the axis of the camshaft, and the quenching cooling heat treatment is carried out on the camshaft, and therefore, the problems that the moving camshaft is heated by the fixed eddy current coil and the camshaft and the eddy current coil are collided and scratched due to shaking in the moving process of the camshaft in the existing equipment are effectively solved.
In the use process of the invention, because the camshaft has residual heat after heat treatment, the camshaft is unloaded by directly operating the upper clamping group 24 and the lower clamping group 25 in a narrow space of equipment by manpower, so that the risk of scalding is easily caused, and an automatic unloading device is required to be arranged to solve the problems.
As a further scheme of the invention: the upper clamping group 24 comprises an upper clamping column 30, the upper clamping column 30 is vertically sleeved in a through hole formed in the center of the upper three-star frame 11, an unlocking disc 31 with the diameter larger than that of a cam shaft is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the lower end of the upper clamping column 30, a reset spring 32 is sleeved on the outer wall of the upper clamping column 30 between the unlocking disc 31 and the three-star frame 11, and an unlocking trigger plate 33 used for extruding the unlocking disc 31 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of each fixing plate 16.
When the device works, the fixed plate 16 continuously rises along with the continuous rotation of the motor 10, so that the unlocking trigger plate 33 at the lower end of the cooling ring pipe 17 is driven to rise, when the unlocking trigger plate 33 rises to the upper end of the cam shaft, the cam shaft and quenching heat treatment are finished (as shown in figures 5 and 6), the limiting idler wheel 21 continuously rotates along the side wall of the stepping rack 23 along with the continuous rotation of the motor, so that the fixed plate 16 rises, the unlocking trigger plate 33 is extruded to the unlocking disc 31, the unlocking disc 31 drives the upper clamping column 30 to overcome the elasticity of the reset spring 32 to move upwards, so that the upper end of the cam shaft is released, and the cam shaft is manually taken down.
According to the invention, the motor 10 indirectly drives the fixing plate 16 to move upwards to drive the unlocking trigger plate 33 to ascend, so that the unlocking disc 31 is triggered to drive the upper clamping column 30 to move upwards against the elastic force of the reset spring 32, the clamping extrusion force of the lower end of the upper clamping column 30 to the upper end of the camshaft is removed, the camshaft after quenching heat treatment is automatically released, manual unloading is facilitated, and the problem that the risk of scalding workers is caused by manually and directly operating the upper clamping group 24 and the lower clamping group 25 to unload the camshaft containing waste heat in a narrow space of equipment is effectively solved.
Because the camshaft is not a regular cylinder, and the upper end is also provided with a plurality of protrusions of the valve actuating mechanism, the phenomenon that the camshaft is heated and cooled unevenly can occur in the heating and cooling process of the fixed camshaft, so that the short plate effect and the strength reduction of the camshaft are caused, and the camshaft in the quenching process is expected to be driven to rotate by a set of self-rotating mechanism to solve the problems.
As a further scheme of the invention: the lower clamping group 25 comprises a lower clamping column 35, the lower clamping column 35 is rotatably arranged in a through hole formed in the center of the lower-end three-star frame 11, a driving bevel gear 36 is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the transmission rod 20 penetrating through the limiting idler wheel 21, the outer end of the driving bevel gear 36 is meshed with a sliding bevel gear 37, a rotating rod 38 is vertically arranged in the center of the sliding bevel gear 37 in a sliding mode, two ends of the rotating rod 38 are rotatably arranged between the three-star frames 11, and two ends penetrating through the three-star frame 11 are connected to the upper clamping column 30 and the outer end of the lower clamping column 35 through synchronous belt transmission.
When the invention works, when the motor 10 indirectly drives the limiting roller 21 to rotate, the transmission rod 20 is driven to rotate, the transmission rod 20 simultaneously drives the driving bevel gear 36 to rotate, the driving bevel gear 36 rotates to drive the sliding bevel gear 37 to rotate (as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the sliding bevel gear 37 vertically slides on the rotating rod 38, so that the upward displacement of the transmission rod 20 is compensated, then the sliding bevel gear 37 is subjected to self gravity and always keeps meshed with the driving bevel gear 36, so that the phenomenon of power interruption is avoided), the sliding bevel gear 37 rotates to drive the rotating rod 38 to rotate and also vertically slides on the rotating rod 38, the rotating rod 38 rotates to drive the synchronous belt penetrating through two ends of the three-star frame 11 to rotate, so that the upper clamping column 30 and the lower clamping column 35 are driven to synchronously and slowly rotate, so that the camshaft between the lower clamping column 35 and the upper clamping column 30 slowly rotates (as shown in fig. 2, the lower clamping column 35 and the upper clamping column 30 synchronously rotate, so that the camshaft torsion is prevented from rotating in the lower ring pipe of the coil 9 and the cooling nozzle 17, and the nozzle 18 on the side wall of the cooling coil 17 rotates from the lower ring pipe, so that the camshaft can be better in the quenching process of the cooling process of the camshaft (the cooling process of the high efficiency of the cooling process of the camshaft is better).
The transmission rod 20 rotates to indirectly drive the rotating rod 38 to rotate, so that the lower clamping column 35 and the upper clamping column 30 are driven to synchronously rotate, the camshaft between the lower clamping column 35 and the upper clamping column 30 is driven to slowly rotate, the eddy current coil 9 and the spray head 18 on the side wall of the cooling ring pipe 17 perform heating quenching heat treatment without dead angles on the rotating camshaft, and therefore the problems that the structure of the camshaft is asymmetric, the quenching heat treatment is vertical to the upper part and the lower part, the camshaft is heated and cooled unevenly, and the strength of the camshaft is poor are effectively solved.
When the automatic clamping device is used, the manual loading and unloading in narrow equipment are needed, so that a large amount of time is wasted, and the problem of reduction of the working efficiency of the equipment is caused.
As a further scheme of the invention: the outer wall of the upper end of the upper clamping column 30 is rotatably provided with a Z support 40, the other end of the Z support 40 is sleeved with a transposition rod 41, the transposition rod 41 is vertically sleeved in a through hole formed in the side wall of the three-star frame 11, the transposition rod 41 penetrates through the upper end of the three-star frame 11 and is coaxially and fixedly provided with a compensation plate 42, two clamp ring plates 43 which are arranged one above the other are coaxially and fixedly arranged on the outer walls of the two three-star frame transposition rods 41, the side wall of each clamp ring plate 43 is provided with a plurality of groups of clamp claws 44 at equal angles around the axis of the clamp ring plate, each group of clamp claws 44 comprises two half clamping supports 45, one end of each clamping support 45 is hinged on the side wall of the clamp ring plate 43, the other end of each clamping support is in contact connection with the side wall of a camshaft, the side wall of a mounting ring plate 15 close to the transposition rod 41 is fixedly provided with trigger shield plates 46 which are provided with upper and lower end tips and are used for expanding the clamping supports 45, and the outer side of each group of the clamping supports 44 is provided with a clamping spring 47; the transposition rod 41 penetrates through the lower end of the planet carrier 11 and is coaxially and fixedly provided with a transposition bevel gear 50, the upper end of the transposition bevel gear 50 is meshed with a rotating driving bevel gear 51, the rotating driving bevel gear 51 is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the planet carrier 11, and a rotating shaft of the rotating driving bevel gear 51 is connected to the outer wall of the lower clamping column 35 through a synchronous belt in a transmission mode.
When the invention works, after quenching is finished, the upper clamping column 30 moves upwards to drive the Z bracket 40 to move upwards, the Z bracket 40 moves upwards and vertically slides on the shifting rod 41, when the compensation plate 42 at the top end of the shifting rod 41 is triggered, the Z bracket 40 continuously rises to drive the shifting rod 41 to rise on the side wall of the three-star frame 11, the shifting rod 41 rises to drive the clamp ring plate 43 to rise, the clamp ring plate 43 rises to drive the two clamping brackets 45 in the clamp jaws 44 to rise so as to lift the camshaft after quenching heat treatment, so that the lower end of the camshaft is separated from contact with the lower clamping column 35, meanwhile, the limiting roller 21 moves to the upper end of the stepping rack 23 and is separated from the meshing of the stepping rack 23, at the moment, the limiting roller 21 does not rise any more (as shown in figure 2), the shifting rod 41 of the same thing drives the lower-end shifting bevel gear 50 to mesh with the rotating driving bevel gear 51 at the lower end of the three-star frame 11, the lower clamping column 35 at the lower end continuously rotates along with the continuous rotation of the motor, the rotating drive bevel gear 51 is driven to rotate through the synchronous belt, the transposition rod 41 is driven to rotate, the quenched camshaft is conveyed out of the equipment, a new camshaft is conveyed into the equipment at the same time, the motor 10 rotates reversely, the transposition rod 41 is released and descends, the clamping support 45 in the clamp jaws 44 places the new camshaft on the lower clamping column 35, the unlocking trigger plate 33 descends along with the continuous reverse rotation of the motor 10, the upper clamping column 30 clamps the upper end of the camshaft, the motor 10 continuously moves up and down to drive the mounting ring plate 15 to move up and down, the mounting ring plate 15 moves to drive the trigger shield plate 46 to move, when the moving part of the equipment is about to impact on the clamp 44, the trigger shield plate 46 is inserted between the two clamping jaw supports 45 in the clamp jaws 44, the gripping brackets 45 are spread apart against the force of the gripping springs 47 (as shown in fig. 2, the camshaft is now gripped by the upper and lower gripping posts 30, 35 so that it does not fall off, and the gripping springs 47 maintain the clamping force of the two gripping brackets 45 against the camshaft).
According to the invention, the upper clamping column 30 moves upwards to indirectly drive the shifting rod 41 to move upwards, so that the camshaft subjected to quenching heat treatment is lifted to be separated from the clamping of the upper clamping group 24 and the lower clamping group 25, and simultaneously, the shifting bevel gear 50 at the lower end of the shifting rod 41 is meshed with the rotating driving bevel gear 51, so that the power of the lower clamping column 35 is transmitted to the shifting rod 41 to transfer the camshaft, thereby solving the problems of automatic transfer and transfer of the camshaft and avoiding the problem of low equipment efficiency caused by manual operation.
As a further scheme of the invention: the motor 10 adopts a speed reducing motor, so that the equipment obtains larger torque.
As a further scheme of the invention: the upper clamping column 30 and the lower clamping column 35 are made of non-metal materials; the problem that clamping fails due to the fact that the clamp is heated by the eddy current coil is solved.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A flame quenching automatic heat treatment process for a camshaft is characterized by comprising the following steps: the process comprises the following specific method steps:
the method comprises the following steps: transferring the machined camshaft to a quenching site, and loading the camshaft onto a clamp on an automatic quenching device;
step two: starting an automatic quenching device, quenching the camshaft from bottom to top and simultaneously cooling, and meanwhile installing a new camshaft on a clamp which is not provided with the camshaft so as to achieve continuous quenching work of the equipment;
step three: when the quenched camshaft is removed from the equipment after the quenched camshaft is rotated by the automatic quenching device, a new camshaft is installed again, and the quenched camshaft is transferred;
wherein the automatic quenching device comprises an eddy current coil (9), a motor (10) and two three-star frames (11), two vertical fixing rods (12) are fixedly arranged between the two three-star frames (11), stepping sliding grooves (13) are vertically formed in the side parts of the two fixing rods (12), the inner walls of the two stepping sliding grooves (13) are vertically and slidably connected with auxiliary rods (14), the outer ends, penetrating through the fixing rods (12), of the auxiliary rods (14) at the same height are fixedly provided with a same mounting ring plate (15), three groups of auxiliary rods (14) are fixedly arranged in the mounting ring plate (15) at equal angles around the axis of the mounting ring plate, the other ends of the auxiliary rods (14) at the same height are fixedly provided with vertical fixing plates (16), the upper ends of the inner side walls of the three fixing plates (16) are fixedly provided with the same vertical eddy current coil (9), the lower ends of the inner side walls of the three fixing plates (16) are fixedly provided with a same cooling ring pipe (17), spray heads (18) are uniformly arranged at equal angles and radially inwards opened, a horizontal mounting plate (19) is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the fixing plate (16) between the two fixing rods (12), the upper end face of the fixing plate (19) is provided with a rotating shaft (20), the superiors the coaxial rotation of one end outer wall that transmission rod (20) passed step-by-step spout (13) is provided with spacing gyro wheel (21), and is three same ring gear board (22) all meshes in spacing gyro wheel (21) upper end, ring gear board (22) upper end is connected to on motor (10) output shaft gear through the gear train transmission, dead lever (12) lateral wall at step-by-step spout (13) edge is fixed and is provided with vertical step-by-step rack (23) with spacing gyro wheel (21) meshing, two be provided with on relative position in the middle of tripod (11) and be used for pressing from both sides on the clamp camshaft dress group (24) and press from both sides dress group (25) down.
2. The flame quenching automatic heat treatment process for the camshaft as claimed in claim 1, wherein: go up and press from both sides dress group (24) including last clamping post (30), go up the vertical cover of clamping post (30) and establish in the through-hole that last tripod (11) central authorities seted up, the coaxial fixed unblock dish (31) that the diameter is greater than the camshaft diameter that are provided with of last clamping post (30) lower extreme outer wall, between unblock dish (31) and tripod (11) last clamping post (30) outer wall cover is equipped with reset spring (32), and is three fixed unblock trigger plate (33) that are used for extrudeing unblock dish (31) that are provided with of fixed plate (16) lower extreme inner wall.
3. The flame quenching automatic heat treatment process for the camshaft, as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: lower clamp dress group (25) press from both sides dress post (35) including lower, press from both sides dress post (35) down and rotate the through-hole that sets up in tripod (11) the central authorities of lower extreme in, pass spacing gyro wheel (21) the coaxial fixed drive bevel gear (36) that is provided with of transfer lever (20) outer wall, the meshing of drive bevel gear (36) outer end has slip bevel gear (37), the vertical slip in slip bevel gear (37) central authorities is provided with dwang (38), dwang (38) both ends are rotated and are set up between tripod (11), and pass both ends of tripod (11) and all connect through synchronous belt drive and press from both sides dress post (35) outer end under and at last dress post (30).
4. The flame quenching automatic heat treatment process for the camshaft, as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: go up the clamping column (30) upper end outer wall and rotate and be provided with Z support (40), another pot head of Z support (40) is equipped with transposition pole (41), transposition pole (41) vertical cover is established in the through-hole that tripod (11) lateral wall was seted up, the coaxial fixed compensating plate (42) that is provided with in upper end that transposition pole (41) passed tripod (11), is located two tripods the coaxial fixed anchor clamps crown plate (43) that are provided with two one on the other of transposition pole (41) outer wall, anchor clamps crown plate (43) lateral wall encircles its axis isogonism and is provided with multiunit anchor clamps jack catch (44), every group anchor clamps jack catch (44) and press from both sides support (45) including two halves, press from both sides support (45) one end and articulate at anchor clamps crown plate (43) lateral wall, other end contact is connected at the camshaft lateral wall, is close to transposition pole (41) installation crown plate (15) lateral wall fixed mounting has upper and lower both ends point and is used for strutting the trigger shield plate (46) that press from both sides and get support (45), every adjacent group anchor clamps in anchor clamps (44) the jack catch the support (45) outside and be provided with spring clamp (47).
5. The flame quenching automatic heat treatment process for the camshaft, as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: the transposition rod (41) penetrates through the lower end of the planet carrier (11) and is coaxially and fixedly provided with a transposition bevel gear (50), the upper end of the transposition bevel gear (50) is meshed with a rotating driving bevel gear (51), the rotating driving bevel gear (51) is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the planet carrier (11), and a rotating shaft of the rotating driving bevel gear (51) is connected with the outer wall of the lower clamping column (35) through a synchronous belt.
6. The flame quenching automatic heat treatment process for the camshaft, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the motor (10) adopts a speed reducing motor.
7. The flame quenching automatic heat treatment process for the camshaft, as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: the upper clamping column (30) and the lower clamping column (35) are made of non-metal materials.
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| CN202110718527.8A CN113584291B (en) | 2021-06-28 | 2021-06-28 | Automatic flame quenching heat treatment process for camshaft |
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| GB544165A (en) * | 1940-10-12 | 1942-03-31 | Linde Air Prod Co | Improvements in or relating to apparatus for the heat treatment of elongated metal bodies having longitudinally spaced surface portions to be heat treated |
| JPH0331415A (en) * | 1989-06-29 | 1991-02-12 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | High-frequency hardening device |
| CN2712939Y (en) * | 2004-06-10 | 2005-07-27 | 白金福 | Transmission mechanism for automated numerically-controlled quenching machine tool |
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