CN113582475A - Sludge curing agent for municipal sewage treatment plant and curing treatment process thereof - Google Patents
Sludge curing agent for municipal sewage treatment plant and curing treatment process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113582475A CN113582475A CN202010360632.4A CN202010360632A CN113582475A CN 113582475 A CN113582475 A CN 113582475A CN 202010360632 A CN202010360632 A CN 202010360632A CN 113582475 A CN113582475 A CN 113582475A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/008—Sludge treatment by fixation or solidification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/148—Combined use of inorganic and organic substances, being added in the same treatment step
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sludge curing agent for a municipal sewage treatment plant and a curing treatment process. The sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant has complex components and a large amount of organic matters. And under the action of a storage environment, the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant to be treated is often subjected to natural effects of low-temperature crystallization, rainwater dilution and the like, so that the treatment difficulty is further increased. Aiming at the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant, the curing agent comprises 20-40% of ordinary portland cement, 20-40% of composite oxide (based on the total mass of the composite oxide, the curing agent comprises 40-50% of calcium oxide, 20-40% of calcined silica and 10-20% of calcined alumina), 10-20% of polyferric sulfate, 6-15% of diatomite, 2-5% of calcium formate and 2-5% of calcium lignosulfonate, and the curing agent is compounded according to a certain proportion and steps. The curing agent is dissolved by utilizing the sludge leachate, reacts with the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant at normal temperature or low temperature, and has the characteristics of deep dehydration, high curing speed and excellent mechanical property of the cured adobe. The curing agent has low preparation cost and stable effect, and is beneficial to popularization and application in engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sludge treatment, in particular to a sludge curing agent for a municipal sewage treatment plant and a curing treatment process thereof.
Background
According to statistics, in 2017, the total amount of wastewater discharged in China all the year round reaches 699 hundred million tons, and the number of sewage treatment plants operated in the same year reaches 4800. The construction of municipal sewage treatment plants effectively reduces the pollution of domestic and industrial sewage to the external environment, while the municipal sludge is used as a main byproduct of the municipal sewage treatment plants, and the disposal facilities and the disposal technology are relatively lagged.
The sludge is in a colloidal floc structure and has high hydrophilicity and water retention, poor dehydration capacity and high water content. Moreover, municipal sludge is usually complex in components, contains not only nutrient elements for plant growth and absorption, but also certain heavy metal elements such as mercury, zinc, nickel, lead and the like, and is toxic to various organic pollutants, a large number of pathogenic bacteria, insect stumps and the like. Both willful discharge and improper disposal are damaging to the ecological environment and pose potential threats to human health.
At present, sludge treatment modes of developed countries such as European Union, America and the like are mainly drying incineration, and reduction and recycling of sludge are realized through the incineration mode. In China, most of sludge is treated by sanitary landfill, the mode has high acceptance and feasibility, and dehydration pretreatment is required for ensuring safe landfill. The most common application in engineering is a solidification/stabilization deep dehydration mode combining factors such as cost and practical operability, and cement, lime and the like are often adopted as a curing agent to be mixed with sludge so as to achieve the purpose of solidification/stabilization. However, in engineering, the municipal sewage treatment plant sludge still faces practical problems of low-temperature crystallization, rainwater dilution and the like in the temporary storage process, and the characteristics of high water content and excessive organic matters further increase the difficulty of sludge treatment of the municipal sewage treatment plant, so that the traditional solidification/stabilization reagent and the traditional solidification/stabilization process method cannot achieve the expected effect.
Chinese patent document "a sludge curing agent and a preparation method thereof" (publication No. CN110104916A, published 2019, 8 and 9) discloses a sludge curing agent and a preparation method thereof, wherein the curing agent comprises the following components: the sludge curing agent comprises attapulgite, modified straws, a coagulant (cassava powder, acrylic acid and an initiator), a bactericide (calcium propionate and polyquaternium), phenolic resin and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and the components of the sludge curing agent are complex. The preparation method of the sludge curing agent comprises the steps of mixing the components of the curing agent, adding water, heating to 70-80 ℃, stirring for 2-3h, drying and grinding to reach the particle size of 220-280 meshes. The preparation of the modified corn straw is carried out by the processes of drying, crushing, adding citric acid aqueous solution, stirring, adding polyacrylamide, stirring, drying again and crushing; the coagulant is prepared by adding deionized water, constant temperature water bath, adding sodium hydroxide, stirring in water bath, vacuum drying, and pulverizing.
The sludge curing agent described in the Chinese patent document "a sludge curing agent and its application" (publication No. CN108341567A, published 2018, 7 and 31) is prepared by stirring and curing granulated blast furnace slag, activated magnesium oxide and high-activity lime as components according to 15-20% of the dry weight of sludge, and the curing agent has simple components and can cure lead, zinc and nickel in a short time. The application of the sludge curing agent requires that the sludge is drained, so that the water content of the sludge is not more than 40%.
In a solidified soil preparation method related to a sludge lightweight curing agent and sludge solidified soil (publication No. CN107759242A, 3 and 6 days in 2018), dry soil with the weight more than twice of the weight of the sludge is prepared and added into a sludge mixture; the temperature during curing is 25 ℃, and the curing time is 28 days.
Some existing sludge solidification technologies represented by the patent documents have certain advantages and applicability, the performance of the sludge solidification technologies in municipal sludge solidification application with high water content, outdoor storage and low solidification environment temperature also has certain space improvement, and various problems of too complicated curing agent composition and preparation conditions, high application cost, overlong maintenance period, poor stability, reduction in rainwater and the like easily exist. In addition, most of the existing sludge curing agents are directly mixed with sludge in a powdery solid form, fine powder dust is easily generated in actual construction operation, the quality loss of the curing agents is caused, the curing effect is influenced, and the serious pollution to the surrounding environment is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sludge curing agent for municipal sewage treatment plants and a curing treatment process using the curing agent, wherein the curing agent and sludge undergo hydration reaction to generate a gelled body, and a framework with a certain space structure is formed by interlacing and coalescing fiber crystals under microscopic observation, so that organic matters or heavy metal particles can be wrapped in the framework, and the sealing of toxic substances is realized. A large number of lumps formed by the inorganic or organic particles coated by the gel are mutually linked, so that the solidified sludge is stable and has solidification strength. Can effectively realize the solidification and stabilization of the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant, and is suitable for practical engineering application.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the sludge curing agent for the municipal sewage treatment plant comprises 20-40% of ordinary portland cement, 20-40% of composite oxide (based on the total mass of the composite oxide, 40-50% of calcium oxide, 20-40% of calcined silica and 10-20% of calcined alumina), 10-20% of polyferric sulfate, 6-15% of diatomite, 2-5% of calcium formate and 2-5% of calcium lignosulfonate, wherein the components are in mass ratio based on the total mass of the powdery curing agent, all the components are powdery solids, the maximum particle size is not more than 40 meshes, and the calcined silica and the calcined alumina are subjected to constant-temperature calcination for 40min at 800 ℃ in an industrial muffle furnace.
The invention provides a sludge solidification treatment process for a municipal sewage treatment plant, which comprises the following steps: (1) weighing 40-50% of calcium oxide, 20-40% of silicon dioxide and 10-20% of aluminum oxide by taking the total mass of the composite oxide as a reference; mixing silicon dioxide and alumina, uniformly stirring, and calcining for 40min at the constant temperature of 800 ℃ in an industrial muffle furnace to obtain mixed powder of the calcined silicon dioxide and the calcined alumina; then mixing the calcined mixed powder with the calcium oxide powder, and uniformly stirring to obtain a composite oxide; (2) weighing 20-40% of ordinary portland cement by taking the total mass of the powdery curing agent as a reference, putting the ordinary portland cement into a container, adding the composite oxide obtained in the step (1), and fully stirring; (3) adding 10-20% of polymeric ferric sulfate, and fully stirring; (4) adding 6-15% of diatomite, 2-5% of calcium formate and 2-5% of calcium lignosulfonate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the sludge curing agent for the municipal sewage treatment plant; (5) adding sludge percolate of the municipal sewage treatment plant into the sludge curing agent of the municipal sewage treatment plant in the step (4) according to the solid-liquid mass ratio of 5:3, and continuously stirring in the liquid adding process to uniformly mix the sludge percolate and the solid solution to form a serous curing agent; (6) adding the slurry curing agent in the step (5) into a sludge pool of a municipal sewage treatment plant, and stirring to uniformly mix the slurry curing agent with sludge; (7) and curing the mixture of the slurry curing agent and the sludge.
And (3) digging a water collecting ditch in a sludge storage pool of the municipal sewage treatment plant, and discharging naturally layered upper-layer percolate after standing to obtain the sludge percolate in the step (5).
Wherein, the step (6): when the water content of the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant is 65-80%, the mass ratio of the slurry-like curing agent to the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant is 2: 8; when the water content of the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant is 81-95%, the mass ratio of the serous curing agent to the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant is 3: 7.
Wherein the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant in the step (6) is high-water-content sludge which is not subjected to mechanical deep dehydration treatment or is soaked in water and becomes soft again in the open storage process.
Wherein the curing time of the mixture of the mud curing agent and the sludge in the step (7) is not less than 5 days, and the stirring and curing temperature in the steps (1) to (7) is 4-25 ℃.
The effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows.
From the aspect of curing effect: 1) the sludge curing agent of the municipal sewage treatment plant is hydrated to form a framework which is formed by interlacing and coalescing fiber crystals and has a certain space structure, so that organic matters or heavy metal particles can be wrapped in the framework, and the sealing and the fixation of toxic and harmful substances are realized. The surface of the calcined composite oxide particles forms a loose porous structure, so that the adsorption of harmful substances is enhanced. 2) A large number of lumps formed by inorganic or organic particles coated by the gel are mutually linked, so that the solidified sludge is stable and has solidification strength, and the mechanical property of the solidified soil is excellent. 3) The calcium oxide, the polymeric ferric sulfate and the calcium formate can react with humic acid in the sludge, and have certain sterilization, corrosion prevention and deodorization effects. 4) The calcium formate can not only accelerate dehydration and coagulation, but also neutralize partial alkalinity in the mixture of the sludge and the curing agent, and has the function of adjusting the pH value of the mixture. 5) The calcium lignosulphonate is a component playing a regulating role in the sludge curing agent of the municipal sewage treatment plant, and has the functions of guiding, adsorbing, uniformly dispersing and stabilizing a cured substance for other components through various active groups and functional groups on the tissue structure of the calcium lignosulphonate.
In the aspect of popularization of the curing agent and the curing treatment process thereof: 1) the invention avoids using chemical components with good curing effect but high cost, and the used raw materials are all industrial grade common raw materials, so the invention has low comprehensive cost and has popularization in engineering. 2) The municipal sewage plant sludge curing agent preparation and the sludge curing post-curing process have low temperature requirements, can realize preparation and curing at a lower temperature, meet the outdoor sludge curing construction environmental conditions in autumn and winter, have short curing time, and are beneficial to large-scale popularization and use. 3) The curing agent which is mixed with the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant is in a slurry state, so that the problem of a large amount of fine powder dust generated in the mixing and stirring process of the traditional powdery curing agent and the sludge is avoided, and the treatment of sludge leachate is considered in the curing treatment process, so that the environment-friendly development concept is met.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated, but not limited, by the following examples.
Example 1: the municipal sewage treatment plant sludge curing agent of the embodiment comprises: 30% of cement, 40% of composite oxide (based on the total mass of the composite oxide, the composite oxide comprises 50% of calcium oxide, 40% of calcined silica and 10% of calcined alumina), 15% of polyferric sulfate, 10% of diatomite, 2% of calcium formate and 3% of calcium lignosulfonate, and the maximum particle size of each component is not more than 40 meshes, wherein the calcined silica and the calcined alumina are calcined at the constant temperature of 800 ℃ for 40min in an industrial muffle furnace. The sludge solidification treatment process for the municipal sewage treatment plant comprises the following steps: (1) weighing calcium oxide, silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide according to the composition of the curing agent; mixing silicon dioxide and alumina, uniformly stirring, and calcining for 40min at the constant temperature of 800 ℃ in an industrial muffle furnace to obtain mixed powder of the calcined silicon dioxide and the calcined alumina; then mixing the calcined mixed powder with the calcium oxide powder, and uniformly stirring to obtain a composite oxide; (2) weighing ordinary portland cement according to the composition of the curing agent, putting the ordinary portland cement into a container, adding the composite oxide obtained in the step (1), and fully stirring; (3) adding polymeric ferric sulfate according to the composition of the curing agent, and fully stirring; (4) according to the composition of the curing agent, adding diatomite, calcium formate and calcium lignosulphonate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the sludge curing agent for the municipal sewage treatment plant; (5) adding sludge percolate of the municipal sewage treatment plant into the sludge curing agent of the municipal sewage treatment plant in the step (4) according to the solid-liquid mass ratio of 5:3, and continuously stirring in the liquid adding process to uniformly mix the sludge percolate and the solid solution to form a serous curing agent; (6) adding the slurry curing agent in the step (5) into a sludge pool of a municipal sewage treatment plant, stirring, and uniformly mixing the slurry curing agent with sludge, wherein the mass ratio of the slurry curing agent to the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant is 3: 7; (7) and curing the mixture of the slurry curing agent and the sludge. And (5) outdoor open-air maintenance, wherein the outdoor environment temperature is about 11-22 ℃ during the maintenance period. The curing agent is applied as follows: the water content of the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant is 83.0 percent, and the unconfined compressive strength is 1084 kPa after 7-day maintenance; the volume reduction was 44.30%.
Example 2: the municipal sewage treatment plant sludge curing agent of the embodiment comprises: the composite material comprises 40% of cement, 25% of composite oxide (based on the total mass of the composite oxide, the composite oxide comprises 50% of calcium oxide, 30% of calcined silica and 20% of calcined alumina), 15% of polymeric ferric sulfate, 15% of diatomite, 2% of calcium formate and 3% of calcium lignosulfonate, and the maximum particle size of each component is not more than 40 meshes, wherein the calcined silica and the calcined alumina are calcined at the constant temperature of 800 ℃ for 40min in an industrial muffle furnace. The process for sludge solidification treatment in municipal sewage treatment plants of this example was the same as in example 1. The curing agent is applied as follows: the water content of the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant is 83.0 percent, and the unconfined compressive strength of the sludge is 986kPa after the sludge is maintained for 7 days; the volume reduction rate was 32.43%.
Example 3: the municipal sewage treatment plant sludge curing agent of the embodiment comprises: the composite material comprises 35% of cement, 35% of composite oxide (based on the total mass of the composite oxide, the composite oxide comprises 50% of calcium oxide, 30% of calcined silica and 20% of calcined alumina), 12% of polymeric ferric sulfate, 8% of diatomite, 5% of calcium formate and 5% of calcium lignosulfonate, and the maximum particle size of each component is not more than 40 meshes, wherein the calcined silica and the calcined alumina are calcined at the constant temperature of 800 ℃ for 40min in an industrial muffle furnace. The process for sludge solidification treatment in municipal sewage treatment plants of this example was the same as in example 1. The curing agent is applied as follows: the water content of the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant is 86.6 percent, and the unconfined compressive strength is 1207 kPa after 7 days of maintenance; the volume reduction was 41.06%.
Example 4: the composition of the sludge curing agent for the municipal sewage treatment plant of the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 1. The process for solidifying the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant in the embodiment is the same as that in the embodiment 1, except that in the step (6), the mass ratio of the slurry-shaped solidifying agent to the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant is 2: 8. The curing agent is applied as follows: the water content of the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant is 77.4 percent, and the unconfined compressive strength is 364.81kPa after 7-day maintenance; the volume reduction rate was 28.94%.
Example 5: the composition of the sludge curing agent for the municipal sewage treatment plant of the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 1. The municipal sewage treatment plant sludge solidification process of this example is the same as example 1 except that in step (7), the outdoor ambient temperature during the curing is about 4-18 ℃. The curing agent is applied as follows: the water content of the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant is 83%, and the unconfined compressive strength is 964 kPa after 7-day maintenance; the volume reduction rate was 42.47%.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that other embodiments within the principles and essential features of the invention are within the scope and spirit of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The sludge curing agent for the municipal sewage treatment plant is characterized by comprising 20-40% of ordinary portland cement, 20-40% of composite oxide (based on the total mass of the composite oxide, the composite oxide comprises 40-50% of calcium oxide, 20-40% of calcined silica and 10-20% of calcined alumina), 10-20% of polyferric sulfate, 6-15% of diatomite, 2-5% of calcium formate and 2-5% of calcium lignosulfonate, wherein the mass ratios of the components are based on the total mass of the powdery curing agent.
2. The municipal sewage treatment plant sludge curing agent according to claim 1, wherein all components are powdery solids having a maximum particle size of not greater than 40 mesh.
3. The municipal sewage treatment plant sludge curing agent according to claim 1, wherein the calcined silica and the calcined alumina are calcined in an industrial muffle furnace at 800 ℃ for 40 min.
4. The solidification treatment process for the sludge solidifying agent of the municipal sewage treatment plant according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) weighing 40-50% of calcium oxide, 20-40% of silicon dioxide and 10-20% of aluminum oxide by taking the total mass of the composite oxide as a reference; mixing silicon dioxide and alumina, uniformly stirring, and calcining for 40min at the constant temperature of 800 ℃ in an industrial muffle furnace to obtain mixed powder of the calcined silicon dioxide and the calcined alumina; then mixing the calcined mixed powder with the calcium oxide powder, and uniformly stirring to obtain a composite oxide;
(2) weighing 20-40% of ordinary portland cement by taking the total mass of the powdery curing agent as a reference, putting the ordinary portland cement into a container, adding the composite oxide obtained in the step (1), and fully stirring;
(3) adding 10-20% of polymeric ferric sulfate, and fully stirring;
(4) adding 6-15% of diatomite, 2-5% of calcium formate and 2-5% of calcium lignosulfonate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the sludge curing agent for the municipal sewage treatment plant;
(5) adding sludge percolate of the municipal sewage treatment plant into the sludge curing agent of the municipal sewage treatment plant in the step (4) according to the solid-liquid mass ratio of 5:3, and continuously stirring in the liquid adding process to uniformly mix the sludge percolate and the solid solution to form a serous curing agent;
(6) adding the slurry curing agent in the step (5) into a sludge pool of a municipal sewage treatment plant, and stirring to uniformly mix the slurry curing agent with sludge;
(7) and curing the mixture of the slurry curing agent and the sludge.
5. The process of claim 4, wherein the sludge leachate obtained in step (5) is obtained by digging a ditch in the sludge storage tank of the municipal sewage treatment plant and draining the naturally layered upper leachate after standing.
6. The solidification treatment process for sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant according to claim 4, wherein the step (6): when the water content of the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant is 65-80%, the mass ratio of the slurry-like curing agent to the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant is 2: 8; when the water content of the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant is 81-95%, the mass ratio of the serous curing agent to the sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant is 3: 7.
7. The process of claim 4, wherein the sludge from the municipal sewage treatment plant in the step (6) is high-water-content sludge which is not subjected to mechanical deep dehydration or subjected to rainwater leaching during open-air storage.
8. The solidification treatment process for sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant according to claim 4, wherein the curing time of the slurry solidifying agent and sludge mixture in the step (7) is not less than 5 days, and the stirring and curing temperature in the steps (1) to (7) is 4-25 ℃.
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