CN113579815B

CN113579815B - Milling machine clamping mechanism suitable for processing workpiece with middle hole

Info

Publication number: CN113579815B
Application number: CN202111140826.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王奇; 应徐永; 王勋金; 尚伟涛; 吴柯良; 王培峰
Original assignee: Ikd Co ltd
Current assignee: Ikd Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-28
Filing date: 2021-09-28
Publication date: 2021-12-21
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-28
Also published as: CN113579815A

Abstract

The invention discloses a milling machine clamping mechanism suitable for processing a workpiece with a central hole, which comprises a positioning piece driven by a motor to rotate and a jacking piece driven by an air cylinder; the positioning piece acts on one end of the workpiece and positions the workpiece on the milling machine, and the ejecting and contacting piece is used for ejecting the other end of the workpiece; the top contact piece comprises a first-level tip cone used for poking off a middle hole separation skin of the workpiece and a second-level tip cone clamped in a middle hole of the workpiece; the first-stage tip cone comprises a cone on the front side and a cylinder on the rear side; the second-stage tip cone comprises a frustum connected to the rear side of the cylinder; the outer diameter of the cylinder is matched with the inner diameter of the middle hole of the workpiece, so that the cylinder can penetrate into the middle hole of the workpiece, and the length of the cylinder is larger than the distance from the outer edge of the middle hole to the middle hole partition skin; the cone and the first cylinder of the first-level tip cone sequentially penetrate through the middle hole to remove the middle hole separation skin, and the peripheral surface of the frustum of the second-level tip cone is abutted against the hole edge of the middle hole to press an aluminum die casting to be processed on the positioning piece.

Description

Milling machine clamping mechanism suitable for processing workpiece with middle hole

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a milling machine clamping mechanism suitable for machining a workpiece with a middle hole.

Background

In automobile manufacturing, aluminum die castings are widely used, such as automobile transmission housings, steering wheel housings, and the like. This includes a type of aluminum die cast part having a cylindrical body structure with a central through hole. When the aluminum die casting is formed, a corresponding die is needed, liquid aluminum is injected into the die by using a die casting machine, and the aluminum die casting is taken out after being cooled. After the die casting is taken out, the outer peripheral surface of the aluminum die casting is roughly processed to remove a material handle and a slag ladle, and then the die casting is placed on a milling machine to carry out finish machining on the outer peripheral surface of the die casting. Meanwhile, a separation skin is arranged at the central through hole of the aluminum die casting, and the separation skin needs to be removed subsequently and processed to remove residual burrs.

The numerical control milling machine with the authorization bulletin number of CN206677218U comprises a frame, a placing table arranged on the frame, a three-jaw chuck arranged on the placing table and used for clamping an object, a milling device arranged on the frame and used for milling the object, wherein the three-jaw chuck comprises a chuck body arranged on the placing table, a clamping jaw connected on the chuck body in a sliding manner, and the numerical control milling machine further comprises a butt joint block, a connecting mechanism is arranged on the butt joint block, the butt joint block is connected with the end face of the clamping jaw departing from the placing table through the connecting mechanism, and a plurality of convex blocks used for being abutted to the object are arranged on the butt joint block.

If the grant publication number is CN208945249U, the milling machine comprises a frame, a milling device arranged on the frame, a three-jaw chuck, and a rotating center connected to the frame in a sliding manner, wherein the frame is connected with a gear box in a sliding manner, and the three-jaw chuck is connected to the gear box in a rotating manner.

The milling machine adopts the three-jaw clamp and the four-jaw clamp to clamp the aluminum die casting with the cylindrical structure, the clamp interferes when the processing surface of the outer peripheral part is processed, and the processing surface of the outer peripheral part is easily deformed by the clamp. And the partition skin at the central through hole is more remained after being punctured by the tip, which is not beneficial to the later deburring.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a milling machine clamping mechanism which is convenient to position and can synchronously remove a mesopore separator and is suitable for processing a workpiece with a mesopore.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the milling machine clamping mechanism is suitable for processing a workpiece with a middle hole and comprises a positioning piece driven to rotate by a motor and a jacking piece driven by an air cylinder;

the positioning piece acts on one end of the workpiece and positions the workpiece on the milling machine, and the jacking piece is used for jacking the other end of the workpiece;

the top contact piece comprises a first-stage tip cone used for poking off a middle hole separation skin of the workpiece and a second-stage tip cone clamped in a middle hole of the workpiece;

the primary tip cone comprises a cone on the front side and a cylinder on the rear side; the secondary tip cone comprises a frustum connected to the rear side of the cylinder;

the outer diameter of the cylinder is matched with the inner diameter of the middle hole of the workpiece, so that the cylinder can penetrate into the middle hole of the workpiece, and the length of the cylinder is larger than the distance from the outer edge of the middle hole of the workpiece to the middle hole partition skin;

the cone and the cylinder of the first-level tip cone sequentially penetrate through the middle hole of the workpiece to remove the middle hole separation skin, and the peripheral surface of the frustum of the second-level tip cone props against the hole edge of the middle hole of the workpiece to tightly press the workpiece on the positioning piece.

The invention adopts a further preferable technical scheme for solving the technical problems as follows: the positioning piece and the top contact piece are erected on the bottom plate, and the axes of the positioning piece and the top contact piece are collinear and parallel to the bottom plate.

The invention adopts a further preferable technical scheme for solving the technical problems as follows: the positioning piece is a profiling piece matched with an inner cavity of a workpiece, and the workpiece is sleeved on the profiling piece to realize positioning.

The invention adopts a further preferable technical scheme for solving the technical problems as follows: the front end of the cone is in a sharp shape, an arched cambered surface shape or a plane shape.

The invention adopts a further preferable technical scheme for solving the technical problems as follows: the outer diameter of the cylinder is smaller than the inner diameter of the middle hole of the workpiece, and the difference range is 0.05mm-0.1 mm.

The invention adopts a further preferable technical scheme for solving the technical problems as follows: the top contact piece is movably connected with the piston rod of the cylinder, and the top contact piece is driven by the piston rod of the cylinder to be close to or far away from the positioning piece and can rotate around the axis by 360 degrees under the action of force.

The invention adopts a further preferable technical scheme for solving the technical problems as follows: the motor and the positioning piece are erected on the first supporting seat, and the top contact piece and the air cylinder are erected on the second supporting seat.

The invention adopts a further preferable technical scheme for solving the technical problems as follows: the second supporting seat comprises a transverse mounting hole, and a piston rod of the air cylinder penetrates through the transverse mounting hole to be connected with the rear end of the top contact piece.

The invention adopts a further preferable technical scheme for solving the technical problems as follows: the top contact piece is connected with a piston rod of the air cylinder through a bearing, a bearing sleeve is arranged outside the bearing, and when the piston rod moves backwards to enable the top contact piece to be far away from the positioning piece, the bearing sleeve penetrates into the transverse mounting hole.

The invention adopts a further preferable technical scheme for solving the technical problems as follows: the motor is a servo motor, the output end of the servo motor is connected with a gearbox for adjusting the rotating speed of the motor, and the output end of the gearbox is detachably connected with a positioning piece.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the workpiece can be quickly clamped on a milling machine for processing under the action of the positioning piece and the jacking piece, in the positioning process, the cone and the first cylinder of the primary tip cone sequentially penetrate through the middle hole to remove the middle hole separation skin, and the peripheral surface of the frustum of the secondary tip cone props against the hole edge of the middle hole to press the aluminum die casting to be processed on the positioning piece. Therefore, the separation skin in the middle hole of the workpiece can be removed while the outer surface of the workpiece is machined, the machining process is simplified, and the machining efficiency is improved.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and preferred embodiments, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are only drawn for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and therefore should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. Furthermore, unless specifically stated otherwise, the drawings are merely schematic representations based on conceptual representations of elements or structures depicted and may contain exaggerated displays and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

FIG. 1 is a first schematic diagram of a milling machine fixture of a preferred embodiment suitable for machining a workpiece having a central bore;

FIG. 2 is a second schematic diagram of a milling machine fixture of the preferred embodiment adapted for machining a workpiece having a central bore;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the preferred embodiment after the workpiece is mounted on the locating member and not clamped by the abutting member;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the preferred embodiment after the workpiece is mounted on the positioning member and clamped by the abutting member;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a preferred embodiment top contact for removing a mesopore septa skin of a workpiece;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of a mesopore separator which cannot remove a workpiece in the conventional art.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the descriptions are illustrative only, exemplary, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numerals refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it may not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships conventionally put in use of products of the present invention, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

This embodiment provides an use clamping machine structure at milling machine. The clamping mechanism is suitable for processing a workpiece with a middle hole V. In the present embodiment, milling is performed on the aluminum die-cast part to remove burrs of all the main parting surfaces located on the outer peripheral portion thereof.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the milling machine clamping mechanism suitable for processing a workpiece 50 with a central hole V comprises a positioning member 10 driven to rotate by a motor 40 and a top contact member 20 driven by an air cylinder 30. The positioning member 10 acts on one end of the workpiece 50 and positions the workpiece 50 on the milling machine, and the top contact member 20 is driven by the cylinder 30 to be close to the positioning member 10 for being pressed against the other end of the workpiece 50.

The workpiece 50 is clamped between the positioning member 10 and the top contact member 20 by the interaction therebetween. A milling cutter of a milling machine is positioned above the positioning member 10, and the milling cutter is fed in the axial direction of the tool to machine the outer surface of the workpiece 50 in that direction. The motor 40 drives the positioning member 10 to drive the workpiece 50 to rotate, so that the angle of the workpiece 50 can be switched, and the processing of each position of the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece 50 is realized.

Moreover, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 4 and 5, the top contact piece 20 comprises a primary tip cone 21 for poking away the separation skin of the middle hole V of the workpiece and a secondary tip cone 22 clamped on the inner wall of the middle hole V of the workpiece, wherein the primary tip cone 21 comprises a cone 1 on the front side and a cylinder 2 on the rear side; the secondary tip cone 22 comprises a frustum 3 connected to the rear side of the cylinder 2, and the diameter of the small section at the front end of the frustum 3 is the same as that of the cylinder 2. Wherein the outer diameter of the cylinder 2 is matched to the inner diameter of the central bore V of the workpiece, so that the cylinder 2 can penetrate into the central bore V of the workpiece, the length of the cylinder 2 being greater than the distance from the outer edge of the central bore V to the central bore septa P.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, after the workpiece 50 is mounted on the positioning member 10, the abutting member 20 is opposite to the middle hole V of the workpiece 50, the cylinder 30 drives the abutting member 20 to approach the workpiece 50, the cone 1 and the cylinder 2 of the primary tip cone 21 sequentially pass through the middle hole V to remove the middle hole separation skin P, and the outer peripheral surface of the frustum 3 of the secondary tip cone abuts against the hole edge of the middle hole V to press the aluminum die casting to be processed on the positioning member 10. As shown in fig. 6, the single tip cone structure cannot remove the separating skin, so that the deburring operation is performed after the separating skin is manually removed after the workpiece is machined on the milling machine.

Therefore, by adopting the embodiment, the outer surface of the workpiece 50 can be processed, and the separation skin in the middle hole V of the workpiece can be removed, so that the processing procedure is simplified, and the processing efficiency is improved.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, further, the motor 40, the positioning member 10, the abutting member 20, and the cylinder 30 may be directly erected on a table of the milling machine or may be installed on a base plate 60, thereby realizing modularization to facilitate the overall assembly and disassembly. The clamping mechanism comprises a bottom plate 60, and the positioning piece 10 and the top contact piece 20 are arranged on the bottom plate 60, and the axes of the positioning piece 10 and the top contact piece 20 are collinear and parallel to the bottom plate 60. The central hole V of the workpiece 50 is located on the axis of the workpiece 50, and when the workpiece 50 is sleeved on the positioning piece 10, the abutting piece 20 is coaxial with the central hole V.

The tip of the primary tip cone 21 may be pointed, arched, curved, or planar. Compared with an arc shape or a plane shape, the front end of the sharp cone 1 has larger acting pressure, and the septal skin is easier to puncture and poke away. As shown, the preferred sharp shape in this embodiment is that when the tip element 20 is brought into close proximity with the workpiece 50, the primary tip cone 21 extends into the central hole V and the sharp front end of the cone 1 contacts the septum and momentarily pierces the septum.

It should be noted that the outer diameter of the cylinder 2 is matched with the inner diameter of the middle hole V of the workpiece, which means that the outer diameter of the cylinder 2 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the middle hole V of the workpiece, so that the gap between the cylinder 2 and the middle hole V of the workpiece is small while the cylinder is ensured to be capable of extending into the middle hole V of the workpiece. Because the connecting corner of the septum and the inner wall of the middle hole V is a stress concentration part, when the acting force of the cylinder 2 on the septum is close to the stress concentration part, the septum can be poked away from the connecting corner. Also when the clearance between the cylindrical body 2 and the central hole V is sufficiently small, the remaining burrs will be sufficiently short and small. Preferably, the external diameter of the cylindrical body 2 is smaller than the internal diameter of the median hole V of the workpiece by a difference ranging from 0.05mm to 0.1 mm.

Further, the workpiece 50 is a barrel with an opening at one side, the inner cavity of the barrel is a special-shaped inner cavity, the positioning element 10 is a profiling element matched with the inner cavity of the workpiece 50, and the workpiece 50 is sleeved on the profiling element to realize positioning, so that interference and damage to the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece 50 by adopting a claw chuck are avoided, and damage to the inner wall of the workpiece 50 by adopting a drawing tensioning clamp is also avoided.

As shown in fig. 1-4, preferably, the motor 40 is a servo motor 40, an output end of the servo motor 40 is connected to a gear box 70 for adjusting the rotation speed of the motor 40, and an output end of the gear box 70 is detachably connected to the positioning member 10. The spacer 10 is detachably mounted on the output end of the transmission case 70, so that the spacer 10 can be conveniently replaced, thereby being suitable for the processing requirement without the workpiece 50. It should be noted that, the clamping mechanism can be driven by the motor 40 to rotate the workpiece 50 and feed the milling cutter axially, so as to machine the entire outer peripheral surface of the workpiece 50. While the gearbox 70 is provided for adjusting the rotational speed for different machining modes.

As shown in fig. 4, correspondingly, the top contact member 20 is movably connected with the piston rod 31 of the cylinder 30 through a bearing, and the top contact member 20 is driven by the piston rod 31 of the cylinder 30 to approach or separate from the positioning member 10, and can be forced to rotate around the axis 360 degrees. After the workpiece 50 is clamped between the positioning member 10 and the top contact member 20, the motor 40 drives the positioning member 10 to drive the workpiece 50 to rotate, and the top contact member 20 is forced to rotate adaptively, so that the workpiece 50 is positioned relative to the axis of the milling machine and rotates radially.

With respect to the specific assembly manner, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the clamping mechanism in this embodiment includes a first supporting seat 80 and a second supporting seat 90 longitudinally disposed on the bottom plate 60, the motor 40 and the positioning member 10 are erected on the first supporting seat 80, and the top contact member 20 and the air cylinder 30 are erected on the second supporting seat 90.

The first supporting seat 80 includes a first bracket 81 fixed to the base plate 60 and a first fixing plate 82 installed at a rear side of the first bracket 81. The first bracket 81 and the first fixing plate 82 have a common penetration portion 7, the motor 40 is mounted across the penetration portion 7 and mounted on the bottom of the penetration portion 7, and the housing of the motor 40 and the first bracket 81 are fixed to each other. The rear end surface of the first fixing plate 82 is provided with a mounting position 6 for accommodating the transmission case 70, and the transmission case 70 is disposed in the mounting position 6 and fixed to the first fixing plate 82. Thus, the motor 40, the gear box 70 and the positioning member 10 are simultaneously erected on the first support seat 80.

The second support 90 includes a second bracket 91 fixed on the base plate 60 and a second fixing plate 92 installed at the rear side of the second bracket, the cylinder 30 is horizontally disposed and the front end surface of the housing of the cylinder 30 is fixed on the rear end surface of the second fixing plate 92. A transverse mounting hole 8 is formed between the second bracket 91 and the second fixing plate 92 of the second supporting seat 90, and the piston rod 31 of the air cylinder 30 passes through the transverse mounting hole 8 and is connected with the rear end of the top contact member 20.

Further preferably, a bearing sleeve 9 is arranged outside the bearing. The bearings are connected in such a manner that the top contact member 20 can be smoothly adapted to rotate during the rotation of the workpiece 50. When the piston rod 31 moves backward to move the push contact 20 away from the positioning member 10, the bearing housing 9 penetrates into the transverse mounting hole 8.

The milling machine clamping mechanism for processing a workpiece with a central hole provided by the invention is described in detail, and the principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the invention and the core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The milling machine clamping mechanism is suitable for processing a workpiece with a middle hole and is characterized by comprising a positioning piece driven by a motor to rotate and a jacking piece driven by an air cylinder;

2. A milling machine clamping mechanism suitable for machining a workpiece having a central bore according to claim 1 including a base plate on which said locating member and said top contact member ride, said locating member and said top contact member having axes which are collinear and parallel with said base plate.

3. The milling machine clamping mechanism suitable for processing the workpiece with the central hole as claimed in claim 1, wherein the positioning part is a profiling part matched with an inner cavity of the workpiece, and the workpiece is sleeved on the profiling part to realize positioning.

4. A milling machine fixture for machining a workpiece with a central bore according to claim 1 wherein the front end of said cone is pointed or arcuate or planar.

5. A milling machine fixture suitable for machining a workpiece having a central bore according to claim 1 wherein the outer diameter of the cylinder is less than the inner diameter of the central bore of the workpiece by a difference in the range of 0.05mm to 0.1 mm.

6. The milling machine clamping mechanism suitable for processing the workpiece with the central hole as claimed in claim 2, wherein the top contact piece is movably connected with the piston rod of the air cylinder, and the top contact piece is driven by the piston rod of the air cylinder to be close to or far away from the positioning piece and can be forced to rotate around the axis by 360 degrees.

7. A milling machine clamping mechanism suitable for processing a workpiece with a central hole according to claim 6, which comprises a first supporting seat and a second supporting seat which are longitudinally arranged on the bottom plate, wherein the motor and the positioning piece are erected on the first supporting seat, and the top contact piece and the air cylinder are erected on the second supporting seat.

8. The milling machine fixture of claim 7 wherein the second support comprises a transverse mounting hole through which a piston rod of the cylinder is connected to the rear end of the top contact member.

9. The milling machine clamping mechanism suitable for processing a workpiece with a central hole as claimed in claim 8, wherein the top contact part is connected with the piston rod of the cylinder through a bearing, a bearing sleeve is arranged outside the bearing, and when the piston rod moves backwards to enable the top contact part to be far away from the positioning part, the bearing sleeve can penetrate into the transverse mounting hole.

10. The milling machine clamping mechanism suitable for processing the workpiece with the central hole as claimed in claim 1, wherein the motor is a servo motor, the output end of the servo motor is connected with a gearbox for adjusting the rotating speed of the motor, and the output end of the gearbox is detachably connected with a positioning piece.