CN113579314B - Eight-axis vertical machining center - Google Patents
Eight-axis vertical machining center Download PDFInfo
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- CN113579314B CN113579314B CN202110947483.6A CN202110947483A CN113579314B CN 113579314 B CN113579314 B CN 113579314B CN 202110947483 A CN202110947483 A CN 202110947483A CN 113579314 B CN113579314 B CN 113579314B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C1/00—Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations
- B23C1/10—Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations with both horizontal and vertical working-spindles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
- B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
- B23Q1/40—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members using ball, roller or wheel arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of machine tool machining equipment, in particular to an eight-axis vertical machining center, which comprises a machining table and a portal frame, wherein the portal frame is vertically arranged on the machining table; the main milling head is provided with an output end which can rotate around the first axis, and the output end of the main milling head is vertically arranged downwards; the side milling head is provided with an output end which can rotate around the second axis, the output end of the side milling head is arranged downwards in an inclined mode, the output end of the side milling head can also do circular motion around a third axis, and the third axis is parallel to the first axis; and the servo driving system is used for driving the main milling head and the side milling head to move along a specified track, and the servo driving system is installed on the portal frame. This application makes machining center through setting up the main cutter head at servo drive system output to and the side cutter head that has two degrees of freedom, can carry out more complicated different face or curved surface processing to the work piece, has improved machining center's practicality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of machine tool machining equipment, in particular to an eight-axis vertical machining center.
Background
The numerical control machining center is a machining center which is high in technological content and precision and specially used for machining complex curved surfaces, and the machining center system has great influence on the industries of aviation, aerospace, military, scientific research, precision instruments, high-precision medical equipment and the like in one country. The numerical control machining center system is the only means for solving the machining of impellers, blades, marine propellers, heavy generator rotors, steam turbine rotors, crankshafts of large diesel engines and the like.
However, for a workpiece with a complex curved surface, the conventional machining center has a huge programming instruction, and is inconsistent with the matching of a machining spindle and the machined workpiece, so that dead angles are inevitably generated when the workpiece is machined, and the machining capability of the machining center on different surfaces or curved surfaces is limited, and the practicability of the machining center is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an eight-axis vertical machining center, and the machining center is provided by a main milling head arranged at the output end of a servo driving system and a side milling head with two degrees of freedom, so that more complex different-surface or curved-surface machining can be carried out on a workpiece.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
provides an eight-axis vertical machining center, which comprises a machining table and a machining center,
the portal frame is vertically arranged on the processing table; and the number of the first and second groups,
the main milling head is provided with an output end which can rotate around the first axis, and the output end of the main milling head is vertically arranged downwards; and (c) a second step of,
the side milling head is provided with an output end which can rotate around the second axis, the output end of the side milling head is arranged downwards in an inclined mode, the output end of the side milling head can also do circular motion around a third axis, and the third axis is parallel to the first axis; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the servo driving system is used for driving the main milling head and the side milling head to move along a specified track and is arranged on the portal frame.
Preferably, the side milling head comprises, in combination,
a milling cutter;
the shell is vertically arranged on the servo driving system;
the output end of the first rotary driver is downwards arranged at the top end of the shell, the first rotary driver is fixedly connected with the shell, and the output end rotating shaft of the first rotary driver is coaxially arranged with the third straight line;
the first transmission assembly is arranged in the shell and is in transmission connection with the first rotary driver, the output end of the first transmission assembly is in transmission connection with the milling cutter, and the output end of the first transmission assembly is coaxial with the second axis and does circular motion around the axis of the first rotary driver;
the output end of the second rotary driver is downwards arranged at the top end of the shell, and the second rotary driver is fixedly connected with the shell;
the second transmission assembly is arranged in the shell and is in transmission connection with the second rotary driver, the output end of the second transmission assembly is coaxial with the output end of the first transmission assembly, and the output end of the second transmission assembly is in transmission connection with the output end of the first transmission assembly.
Preferably, the first transmission assembly comprises,
the first transmission rod is vertically arranged at the bottom end of the first rotary driver, is in transmission connection with the first rotary driver and is coaxially arranged with the first rotary driver;
the rotating disc is arranged at the bottom end of the first transmission rod and is in transmission connection with the first transmission rod, the rotating disc and the first transmission rod are coaxially arranged, and the rotating disc is provided with mounting holes penetrating through the top surface and the bottom surface of the rotating disc;
the second transmission rod is arranged in the mounting hole and is rotatably connected with the mounting hole, a rotating shaft of the second transmission rod is coaxial with the second axis, and the bottom end of the second transmission rod is fixedly connected with the milling cutter.
Preferably, the second transmission assembly comprises,
the third transmission rod is vertically arranged at the bottom end of the second rotary driver and is in transmission connection with the second rotary driver;
the first cylindrical gear is arranged on the third transmission rod, and the first cylindrical gear and the third transmission rod are coaxially arranged and fixedly connected;
the second cylindrical gear is arranged on the first transmission rod, is coaxially and rotatably connected with the first transmission rod, and is positioned on the same plane with the first cylindrical gear;
the third cylindrical gear is arranged on the shell, is positioned between the first cylindrical gear and the second cylindrical gear and is rotatably connected with the shell, is positioned on the same plane with the first cylindrical gear and the second cylindrical gear and is respectively meshed with the first cylindrical gear and the second cylindrical gear;
the inner gear is arranged on the bottom surface of the second cylindrical gear, and the inner gear and the second cylindrical gear are coaxially arranged and fixedly connected;
the bevel gear is arranged at the top end of the second transmission rod, the bevel gear and the second transmission rod are coaxially arranged and fixedly connected, and the bevel gear is meshed with the inner gear.
Preferably, the side milling head further comprises a connecting assembly comprising,
the supporting seat is arranged on the shell, a round avoiding opening is formed in the bottom of the supporting seat, and the inner diameter of the avoiding opening is smaller than the outer diameter of the rotating disc;
the first bearing is arranged on the supporting seat, the outer side of the first bearing is abutted against the supporting seat, and the inner side of the first bearing is abutted against the rotating disk.
Preferably, the connecting assembly further comprises a second bearing arranged on the first transmission rod, the outer side of the second bearing abuts against the second cylindrical gear, and the inner side of the second bearing abuts against the first transmission rod.
Preferably, the first rotary drive is a servomotor.
Preferably, the servo drive system comprises, in combination,
the first linear driver is vertically arranged on the portal frame, and the output end of the first linear driver is fixedly connected with the main milling head and the side milling head;
the second linear driver is horizontally arranged on the processing table and arranged along the width direction of the processing table;
and the third linear driver is horizontally arranged at the output end of the second linear driver, the third linear driver is arranged along the length direction of the machining table, and the output end of the third linear driver is movably connected with the workpiece.
Preferably, the machining center further comprises a two-degree-of-freedom workbench, the two-degree-of-freedom workbench comprises,
the base is fixedly arranged on the output end of the third linear driver;
the first rotating part is arranged on the base, the first rotating part is rotatably connected with the base, and a rotating shaft of the first rotating part is horizontally arranged;
the output end of the third rotary driver is in transmission connection with the first rotating part;
the second rotating part is arranged on the first rotating part, the first rotating part is rotatably connected with the second rotating part, a rotating shaft of the second rotating part is vertically arranged, and the top surface of the second rotating part is movably connected with the workpiece;
and the fourth rotary driver is arranged on the first rotating part, and the output end of the fourth rotary driver is in transmission connection with the second rotating part.
Preferably, the main milling head comprises a cutter arranged at the output end of the main milling head, and the machining center further comprises an automatic cutter changing system arranged on the portal frame.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the machining center, the main milling head arranged at the output end of the servo driving system and the side milling head with two degrees of freedom enable the machining center to perform more complex different-surface or curved-surface machining on a workpiece compared with a traditional machining center with only one milling head, and the application range and the practicability of the machining center are improved;
2. the milling cutter, the first rotary driver, the first transmission assembly, the second rotary driver and the second transmission assembly are matched, so that the technical problem that the side milling head does circular motion around a third axis to complete revolution while driving the milling cutter to rotate around a second axis is solved;
3. according to the milling cutter, the technical problem that the central axis of the milling cutter is coaxial with the second axis and can rotate around the central axis of the milling cutter is solved through the first transmission assembly while the milling cutter does circular motion around the third axis;
4. the technical problem that a second transmission rod which does circular motion around a third axis is in transmission connection with a second rotary driver is solved through a second transmission assembly;
5. the technical problem that the rotation of the rotary disc around the axis of the first rotary driver is not influenced when the shell supports the bottom surface of the rotary disc is solved through the matching of the supporting seat and the first bearing;
6. according to the transmission mechanism, the technical problem that when the second cylindrical gear on the first transmission rod rotates around the first transmission rod, the inner wall of the second cylindrical gear is abraded due to friction with the first transmission rod is solved through the second bearing;
7. the technical problem of how to keep the rotating disc in a static state when a user does not need to make a milling cutter do circular motion around the third axis is solved through the servo motor;
8. the functions that the main milling head and the side milling head move in the vertical direction and the workpiece moves in the horizontal direction are achieved through the cooperation of the first linear driver, the second linear driver and the third linear driver;
9. according to the device, the workpiece is accurately rotated through the two-degree-of-freedom workbench arranged on the output end of the third linear driver;
10. this application improves the change speed of the cutter on the main cutter head output through the automatic tool changing system who sets up on the portal frame, reduces because of the time that delays of changing the cutter, improves machining efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a right side view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a second perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a third perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a first perspective view of the side milling head;
FIG. 9 is a second perspective view of the side milling head;
FIG. 10 is a front view of the side milling head;
FIG. 11 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view at section A-A of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a right side view of the side milling head;
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view at section B-B of FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is an exploded view of the side milling head;
FIG. 15 is an exploded view of the side milling head;
the reference numbers in the figures are:
1-a processing table;
2-a portal frame;
3-a main milling head;
4-side milling head; 4 a-a milling cutter; 4 b-a first rotary drive; 4 c-a first transmission assembly; 4c 1-a first transfer lever; 4c 2-rotating disk; 4c 3-a second transmission rod; 4 d-a second rotary drive; 4 e-a second transmission assembly; 4e 1-a third drive link; 4e 2-a first cylindrical gear; 4e 3-a second spur gear; 4e 4-third spur gear; 4e 5-internal gear; 4e 6-bevel gear; 4e 7-mounting holes; 4 f-a connection assembly; 4f 1-support seat; 4f2 — first bearing; 4f 3-second bearing; 4 g-shell;
5-a servo drive system; 5 a-a first linear driver; 5 b-a second linear drive; 5 c-a third linear drive;
6-a two-degree-of-freedom workbench; 6 a-a base; 6 b-first rotating part; 6 c-a second rotating part;
7-automatic tool changing system; 7 a-tool magazine; 7 b-tool changer.
Detailed Description
The following description is provided to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.
In order to solve the technical problem of how to more flexibly process the processing end of the center and have more degrees of freedom to improve the processing capability of the different surfaces or the curved surfaces of the workpiece, as shown in fig. 1 to 15, the following preferred technical scheme is provided:
an eight-axis vertical machining center comprises a machining table 1 and a machining center body,
the portal frame 2 is vertically arranged on the processing table 1; and the number of the first and second groups,
the main milling head 3 is provided with an output end which can rotate around the first axis, and the output end of the main milling head 3 is vertically arranged downwards; and (c) a second step of,
the side milling head 4 is provided with an output end which can rotate around the second axis, the output end of the side milling head 4 is arranged obliquely downwards, the output end of the side milling head 4 can also do circular motion around a third axis, and the third axis is parallel to the first axis; and the number of the first and second groups,
and a servo drive system 5 for driving the main milling head 3 and the side milling head 4 to move along a predetermined track, wherein the servo drive system 5 is installed on the portal frame 2.
Specifically, the gantry 2 is used for supporting a servo drive system 5, a main milling head 3 and a side milling head 4. The main milling head 3 is used for driving the output end of the main milling head to rotate around the first axis of the main milling head. The side milling head 4 is used for driving the output end to rotate around the second axis, and the output end is driven to do circular motion around the third rotating shaft to complete revolution while the rotation is completed. The servo driving system 5 is used for driving the main milling head 3 and the side milling head 4 to move according to parameters set by a worker, so that the main milling head 3 and the side milling head 4 are matched to complete machining of a workpiece.
Further, in order to solve the technical problem of how to realize the revolution of the side milling head 4 by the circular motion around the third axis thereof while driving the milling cutter 4a thereof to rotate around the second axis thereof, as shown in fig. 8 to 11, the following preferable technical solutions are provided:
the side milling head 4 comprises a head of,
a milling cutter 4a;
the shell 4g is vertically arranged on the servo driving system 5;
the output end of the first rotary driver 4b is downwards arranged at the top end of the shell 4g, the first rotary driver 4b is fixedly connected with the shell 4g, and the rotary shaft of the output end of the first rotary driver 4b is coaxially arranged with the third straight line;
the first transmission assembly 4c is arranged in the shell 4g, the first transmission assembly 4c is in transmission connection with the first rotary driver 4b, the output end of the first transmission assembly 4c is in transmission connection with the milling cutter 4a, and the output end of the first transmission assembly 4c is coaxially arranged with the second axis and does circular motion around the axis of the first rotary driver 4 b;
the output end of the second rotary driver 4d is downwards arranged at the top end of the shell 4g, and the second rotary driver 4d is fixedly connected with the shell 4 g;
the second transmission component 4e is arranged in the shell 4g, the second transmission component 4e is in transmission connection with the second rotary driver 4d, the output end of the second transmission component 4e is coaxial with the output end of the first transmission component 4c, and the output end of the second transmission component 4e is in transmission connection with the output end of the first transmission component 4 c.
Specifically, the side milling head 4 further includes a controller electrically connected to the first rotary drive 4b and the second rotary drive 4d, respectively, the first rotary drive 4b being a motor. The first rotary drive 4b is used to drive the milling cutter 4a in rotation about a third axis. The first transmission assembly 4c is used for connecting the output end of the first rotary driver 4b with the milling cutter 4a in a transmission manner, and enabling the central axis of the milling cutter 4a to be coaxial with the second axis, so that the milling cutter 4a can rotate around the second axis while the milling cutter 4a performs circular motion around the third axis. The second rotary driver 4d is used for driving the milling cutter 4a to rotate around the central axis thereof. The second transmission assembly 4e is used for drivingly connecting the second rotary drive 4d to the milling cutter 4a in a circular movement about the third axis.
Further, in order to solve the technical problem of how to realize that the milling cutter 4a at the output end of the first transmission assembly 4c makes a circular motion around the first rotary driver 4b, and simultaneously, the central axis of the milling cutter 4a is coaxial with the second axis and can rotate around the central axis thereof, as shown in fig. 8 to 15, the following preferred technical solutions are provided:
the first transmission assembly 4c comprises a first transmission assembly,
the first transmission rod 4c1 is vertically arranged at the bottom end of the first rotary driver 4b, the first transmission rod 4c1 is in transmission connection with the first rotary driver 4b, and the first transmission rod 4c1 and the first rotary driver 4b are coaxially arranged;
the rotating disc 4c2, the rotating disc 4c2 is arranged at the bottom end of the first transmission rod 4c1, the rotating disc 4c2 is in transmission connection with the first transmission rod 4c1, the rotating disc 4c2 and the first transmission rod 4c1 are coaxially arranged, and the rotating disc 4c2 is provided with a mounting hole 4e7 penetrating through the top surface and the bottom surface of the rotating disc 4c 2;
the second transmission rod 4c3, the second transmission rod 4c3 is arranged in the mounting hole 4e7, the second transmission rod 4c3 is rotatably connected with the mounting hole 4e7, the rotating shaft of the second transmission rod 4c3 is coaxial with the second axis, and the bottom end of the second transmission rod 4c3 is fixedly connected with the milling cutter 4 a.
Specifically, the first rotary driver 4b drives the first transmission rod 4c1 to rotate around the third axis, the first transmission rod 4c1 drives the rotating disc 4c2 to rotate around the third axis, the rotating disc 4c2 drives the second transmission rod 4c3 to rotate around the third axis, and the second transmission rod 4c3 drives the milling cutter 4a to do circular motion around the third axis, and meanwhile, the milling cutter 4a can rotate around the second axis along with the second transmission rod 4c 3.
Further, in order to solve the technical problem of how to drivingly connect the second transmission rod 4c3, which makes a circular motion around the third axis, and the second rotary driver 4d through the second transmission assembly 4e, as shown in fig. 8 to 15, the following preferred technical solutions are provided:
the second transmission assembly 4e comprises a second transmission assembly,
the third transmission rod 4e1 is vertically arranged at the bottom end of the second rotary driver 4d, and the third transmission rod 4e1 is in transmission connection with the second rotary driver 4 d;
the first cylindrical gear 4e2 is arranged on the third transmission rod 4e1, and the first cylindrical gear 4e2 and the third transmission rod 4e1 are coaxially arranged and fixedly connected;
the second cylindrical gear 4e3 is arranged on the first transmission rod 4c1, the second cylindrical gear 4e3 is coaxially and rotatably connected with the first transmission rod 4c1, and the second cylindrical gear 4e3 and the first cylindrical gear 4e2 are positioned on the same plane;
the third cylindrical gear 4e4 is arranged on the shell 4g, the third cylindrical gear 4e4 is positioned between the first cylindrical gear 4e2 and the second cylindrical gear 4e3, the third cylindrical gear 4e4 is rotatably connected with the shell 4g, the third cylindrical gear 4e4, the first cylindrical gear 4e2 and the second cylindrical gear 4e3 are positioned on the same plane, and the third cylindrical gear 4e4 is respectively meshed with the first cylindrical gear 4e2 and the second cylindrical gear 4e 3;
the internal gear 4e5, the internal gear 4e5 is arranged on the bottom surface of the second cylindrical gear 4e3, and the internal gear 4e5 and the second cylindrical gear 4e3 are coaxially arranged and fixedly connected;
the bevel gear 4e6, the bevel gear 4e6 are arranged at the top end of the second transmission rod 4c3, the bevel gear 4e6 and the second transmission rod 4c3 are coaxially arranged and fixedly connected, and the bevel gear 4e6 and the internal gear 4e5 are meshed with each other.
Specifically, the second rotary driver 4d drives the third transmission rod 4e1 to rotate around the axis of the second rotary driver, the third transmission rod 4e1 drives the first cylindrical gear 4e2 to rotate around the axis of the second rotary driver, the first cylindrical gear 4e2 drives the third cylindrical gear 4e4 engaged with the first cylindrical gear to rotate around the axis, the third cylindrical gear 4e4 drives the second cylindrical gear 4e3 engaged with the third cylindrical gear to rotate around the third axis, the second cylindrical gear 4e3 drives the internal gear 4e5 fixedly connected with the second cylindrical gear 4e3 to rotate around the third axis, and the internal gear 4e5 rotates to drive the bevel gear 4e6 engaged with the internal gear and the second transmission rod 4c3 fixedly connected with the bevel gear 4e6 to rotate around the second axis, so that the transmission connection between the second transmission rod 4c3 and the second rotary driver 4d is realized.
Further, in order to solve the technical problem of how to make the housing 4g support the bottom surface of the rotating disk 4c2 without affecting the rotation of the rotating disk 4c2 around the axis of the first rotary driver 4b, as shown in fig. 8 to 15, the following preferred technical solutions are provided:
the side milling head 4 further comprises a connecting assembly 4f, which connecting assembly 4f comprises,
the supporting seat 4f1 is arranged on the shell 4g, a round avoiding opening (not shown in the figure) is arranged at the bottom of the supporting seat 4f1, and the inner diameter of the avoiding opening is smaller than the outer diameter of the rotating disc 4c 2;
the first bearing 4f2, the first bearing 4f2 is set on the supporting seat 4f1, the outside of the first bearing 4f2 is against the supporting seat 4f1, the inside of the first bearing 4f2 is against the rotating disk 4c 2.
Specifically, the supporting seat 4f1 is used for abutting against the bottom surface of the rotating disk 4c2 so as not to slide from the casing 4g, an avoiding opening is arranged for avoiding the mounting seat at the bottom of the rotating disk 4c2, the second transmission rod 4c3 and the milling cutter 4a, and the first bearing 4f2 is used for abutting against the outer side of the rotating disk 4c2 so as to keep the rotating disk 4c2 stable when rotating around the second rotary driver 4d, so that the abrasion between the rotating disk 4c2 and the casing is reduced.
Further, in order to solve the technical problem of how to reduce the abrasion caused by the friction between the inner wall of the second cylindrical gear 4e3 and the first transmission rod 4c1 when the second cylindrical gear 4e3 arranged on the first transmission rod 4c1 rotates around the first transmission rod 4c1, as shown in fig. 8 to 15, the following preferred technical solutions are provided:
the connecting assembly 4f further includes a second bearing 4f3 disposed on the first driving rod 4c1, an outer side of the second bearing 4f3 abuts against the second cylindrical gear 4e3, and an inner side of the second bearing 4f3 abuts against the first driving rod 4c1.
Specifically, the second bearing 4f3 converts sliding friction between the second cylindrical gear 4e3 and the first transmission rod 4c1 into rolling friction, so that the friction coefficient between the second cylindrical gear 4e3 and the first transmission rod 4c1 is reduced, and abrasion caused by long-term rotation is avoided.
Further, in order to solve the technical problem of how to keep the rotating disc 4c2 in a static state when the user does not need the milling cutter 4a to make a circular motion around the third axis, the following preferred technical solutions are provided:
the first rotary driver 4b is a servo motor.
Specifically, the servo motor is in a self-locking state under the condition that the servo motor does not receive a pulse signal, when a user needs to keep the rotating disc 4c2 still, the controller does not send any signal to the servo motor, the servo motor is fixedly connected with the first transmission rod 4c1 and the rotating disc 4c2 to keep still, and when the milling cutter 4a needs to do circular motion around the third axis, the controller sends a signal to the servo motor to drive the first transmission component 4c to drive the milling cutter 4a to do circular motion around the third axis.
Further, in order to solve the technical problem of how to realize the servo drive system 5 that drives the main cutter head 3 and the side cutter head 4 to move along a predetermined trajectory and simultaneously drives the workpiece to move in the horizontal direction, as shown in fig. 6, the following preferable technical means is provided:
the servo drive system 5 comprises a servo motor which,
the first linear driver 5a is vertically arranged on the portal frame 2, and the output end of the first linear driver 5a is fixedly connected with the main milling head 3 and the side milling head 4;
a second linear actuator 5b, the second linear actuator 5b being horizontally provided on the machining table 1, the second linear actuator 5b being provided along the width direction of the machining table 1;
and the third linear driver 5c is horizontally arranged at the output end of the second linear driver 5b, the third linear driver 5c is arranged along the length direction of the processing table 1, and the output end of the third linear driver 5c is movably connected with the workpiece.
Specifically, the first linear driver 5a, the second linear driver 5b and the third linear driver 5c are servo motor sliding tables, the first linear driver 5a is used for driving the main milling head 3 and the auxiliary milling head to move up and down in the vertical direction, the second linear driver 5b is used for driving a workpiece to move back and forth in the horizontal direction, and the third linear driver 5c is used for driving the workpiece to move left and right in the horizontal direction.
Further, in order to solve the technical problem of how to realize the rotation of the workpiece by the machining center, as shown in fig. 6, the following preferred technical solutions are provided:
the machining center also comprises a two-degree-of-freedom workbench 6, the two-degree-of-freedom workbench 6 comprises,
a base 6a, wherein the base 6a is fixedly arranged on the output end of the third linear driver 5 c;
the first rotating part 6b is arranged on the base 6a, the first rotating part 6b is rotatably connected with the base 6a, and the rotating shaft of the first rotating part 6b is horizontally arranged;
a third rotary driver (not shown in the figure), which is arranged on the base 6a, and the output end of the third rotary driver is in transmission connection with the first rotary part 6 b;
the second rotating part 6c is arranged on the first rotating part 6b, the first rotating part 6b is rotatably connected with the second rotating part 6c, the rotating shaft of the second rotating part 6c is vertically arranged, and the top surface of the second rotating part 6c is movably connected with the workpiece;
and a fourth rotary driver (not shown) disposed on the first rotating portion 6b, and having an output end in transmission connection with the second rotating portion 6 c.
Specifically, the third rotary driver and the fourth rotary driver are servo motors, the base 6a is used for supporting the first rotary part 6b, the two-degree-of-freedom workbench 6 is fixedly connected with the third linear driver 5c, the second rotary part 6c and the fourth rotary driver are matched to drive a workpiece to rotate around a rotary shaft of the second rotary part 6c, and the first rotary part 6b and the third rotary driver are matched to drive the second rotary part 6c and the workpiece to rotate around a rotary shaft of the first rotary part.
Further, main cutter 3 is including setting up the cutter on its output, when the work piece was changed because of the processing demand cutter kind on main cutter 3, often needs the user to stop machining center, changes the cutter on the 3 outputs of main cutter, leads to processing not consistent, and the tool changing is inefficient, in order to solve this technical problem, as shown in fig. 7, provides following preferred technical scheme:
the main milling head 3 comprises a tool (not shown) arranged at its output end, and the machining center further comprises an automatic tool changing system 7 arranged on the gantry 2.
Specifically, the automatic tool changing system 7 includes a tool magazine 7a and a tool changer 7b. The tool magazine 7a is a disc type tool magazine 7a, and the tool changer 7b is a rotary tool changer. The disc magazine 7a and the rotary tool changer are known in the art and are not described herein in detail. The automatic tool changing system 7 realizes rapid switching, loading and unloading of the tools at the output end of the main milling head 3, and reduces the time consumed by tool changing.
In the present application, a first linear actuator 5a, a second linear actuator 5b and a third linear actuator 5c constitute a linear servo drive system 5 capable of moving in three XYZ axes, wherein the first linear actuator 5a is a Z axis, the second linear actuator 5b is a Y axis, and the third linear actuator 5c is an X axis.
The two-degree-of-freedom workbench 6 capable of rotating around the X axis and the Y axis is further formed by the first rotating part 6b and the second rotating part 6c, wherein the first rotating part 6b rotates around the X axis, and the second rotating part 6c rotates around the Z axis.
The present application also constitutes a machining head that can rotate around the Z axis by means of the main milling head 3.
The present application also constitutes a side cutter head 4 that is rotatable about an oblique axis by means of a first rotary drive 4b that drives the milling cutter 4a in rotation, while the side cutter head 4 is driven in rotation about the Z-axis by means of a second rotary drive 4 d.
The main milling head 3, the side milling head 4 and the linear servo driving system 5 have eight shafts in total, and the structures form an eight-shaft vertical machining center together.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. An eight-axis vertical machining center comprises a machining table (1),
it is characterized by also comprising the following steps of,
the portal frame (2), the portal frame (2) is vertically arranged on the processing table (1); and (c) a second step of,
the main milling head (3), the main milling head (3) has an output end which can rotate around the first axis, and the output end of the main milling head (3) is vertically arranged downwards; and the number of the first and second groups,
the side milling head (4), the side milling head (4) has output end that can rotate around the second axis, and the output end of the side milling head (4) is set up downward aslant, the output end of the side milling head (4) can also do the circular motion around the third axis, the third axis is parallel to the first axis; and the number of the first and second groups,
the servo driving system (5) is used for driving the main milling head (3) and the side milling head (4) to move along a specified track, and the servo driving system (5) is installed on the portal frame (2);
the side milling head (4) comprises a milling head,
a milling cutter (4 a);
the shell (4 g), the shell (4 g) is vertically arranged on the servo driving system (5);
the output end of the first rotary driver (4 b) is downwards arranged at the top end of the shell (4 g), the first rotary driver (4 b) is fixedly connected with the shell (4 g), and the rotating shaft of the output end of the first rotary driver (4 b) is coaxially arranged with the third straight line;
the first transmission assembly (4 c) is arranged in the shell (4 g), the first transmission assembly (4 c) is in transmission connection with the first rotary driver (4 b), the output end of the first transmission assembly (4 c) is in transmission connection with the milling cutter (4 a), and the output end of the first transmission assembly (4 c) is coaxially arranged with the third axis and does circular motion around the axis of the first rotary driver (4 b);
the output end of the second rotary driver (4 d) is downwards arranged at the top end of the shell (4 g), and the second rotary driver (4 d) is fixedly connected with the shell (4 g);
the second transmission assembly (4 e), second transmission assembly (4 e) set up in casing (4 g), second transmission assembly (4 e) and second rotary drive ware (4 d) transmission are connected, and the output of second transmission assembly (4 e) is coaxial with the output of first transmission assembly (4 c), and the output of second transmission assembly (4 e) and the output transmission of first transmission assembly (4 c) are connected.
2. An eight-axis vertical machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that the first transmission assembly (4 c) comprises,
the first transmission rod (4 c 1), the first transmission rod (4 c 1) is vertically arranged at the bottom end of the first rotary driver (4 b), the first transmission rod (4 c 1) is in transmission connection with the first rotary driver (4 b), and the first transmission rod (4 c 1) and the first rotary driver (4 b) are coaxially arranged;
the rotating disc (4 c 2), the rotating disc (4 c 2) is arranged at the bottom end of the first transmission rod (4 c 1), the rotating disc (4 c 2) is in transmission connection with the first transmission rod (4 c 1), the rotating disc (4 c 2) and the first transmission rod (4 c 1) are coaxially arranged, and the rotating disc (4 c 2) is provided with a mounting hole (4 e 7) penetrating through the top surface and the bottom surface of the rotating disc (4 c 2);
the second transmission rod (4 c 3), the second transmission rod (4 c 3) is arranged in the mounting hole (4 e 7), the second transmission rod (4 c 3) is rotatably connected with the mounting hole (4 e 7), the rotating shaft of the second transmission rod (4 c 3) is coaxial with the second axis, and the bottom end of the second transmission rod (4 c 3) is fixedly connected with the milling cutter (4 a).
3. An eight-axis vertical machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that the second transmission assembly (4 e) comprises,
the third transmission rod (4 e 1), the third transmission rod (4 e 1) is vertically arranged at the bottom end of the second rotary driver (4 d), and the third transmission rod (4 e 1) is in transmission connection with the second rotary driver (4 d);
the first cylindrical gear (4 e 2), the first cylindrical gear (4 e 2) is arranged on the third transmission rod (4 e 1), and the first cylindrical gear (4 e 2) and the third transmission rod (4 e 1) are coaxially arranged and fixedly connected;
the second cylindrical gear (4 e 3), the second cylindrical gear (4 e 3) is set in first driving lever (4 c 1), the second cylindrical gear (4 e 3) and first driving lever (4 c 1) set up coaxially and rotatable to connect, the second cylindrical gear (4 e 3) and first cylindrical gear (4 e 2) are in the identity level;
the third cylindrical gear (4 e 4), the third cylindrical gear (4 e 4) is arranged on the shell (4 g), the third cylindrical gear (4 e 4) is positioned between the first cylindrical gear (4 e 2) and the second cylindrical gear (4 e 3), the third cylindrical gear (4 e 4) is rotatably connected with the shell (4 g), the third cylindrical gear (4 e 4) is positioned on the same plane with the first cylindrical gear (4 e 2) and the second cylindrical gear (4 e 3), and the third cylindrical gear (4 e 4) is meshed with the first cylindrical gear (4 e 2) and the second cylindrical gear (4 e 3) respectively;
the internal gear (4 e 5), the internal gear (4 e 5) is set up in the basal plane of the second cylindrical gear (4 e 3), the internal gear (4 e 5) and second cylindrical gear (4 e 3) set up coaxially and fixedly connect;
bevel gear (4 e 6), bevel gear (4 e 6) set up the top at second transfer line (4 c 3), and bevel gear (4 e 6) and second transfer line (4 c 3) coaxial arrangement and fixed connection, bevel gear (4 e 6) and internal gear (4 e 5) intermeshing.
4. Eight-axis vertical machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that the side milling head (4) further comprises a connecting assembly (4 f), the connecting assembly (4 f) comprising,
the supporting seat (4 f 1), the supporting seat (4 f 1) is arranged on the shell (4 g), a round avoiding opening is formed in the bottom of the supporting seat (4 f 1), and the inner diameter of the avoiding opening is smaller than the outer diameter of the rotating disc (4 c 2);
the first bearing (4 f 2), the first bearing (4 f 2) is arranged on the supporting seat (4 f 1), the outer side of the first bearing (4 f 2) abuts against the supporting seat (4 f 1), and the inner side of the first bearing (4 f 2) abuts against the rotating disk (4 c 2).
5. The eight-shaft vertical machining center according to claim 4, wherein the connecting assembly (4 f) further comprises a second bearing (4 f 3) arranged on the first transmission rod (4 c 1), the outer side of the second bearing (4 f 3) abuts against the second cylindrical gear (4 e 3), and the inner side of the second bearing (4 f 3) abuts against the first transmission rod (4 c 1).
6. An eight-axis vertical machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that the first rotary drive (4 b) is a servomotor.
7. An eight-axis vertical machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that the servo drive system (5) comprises,
a first linear driver (5 a), the first linear driver (5 a) is vertically arranged on the portal frame (2),
the output end of the first linear driver (5 a) is fixedly connected with the main milling head (3) and the side milling head (4);
the second linear driver (5 b), the second linear driver (5 b) is horizontally arranged on the processing table (1), and the second linear driver (5 b) is arranged along the width direction of the processing table (1);
and the third linear driver (5 c) is horizontally arranged at the output end of the second linear driver (5 b), the third linear driver (5 c) is arranged along the length direction of the machining table (1), and the output end of the third linear driver (5 c) is movably connected with the workpiece.
8. An eight-axis vertical machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that the machining center further comprises a two-degree-of-freedom table (6), the two-degree-of-freedom table (6) comprising,
the base (6 a), the base (6 a) is fixedly arranged on the output end of the third linear driver (5 c);
a first rotating part (6 b), wherein the first rotating part (6 b) is arranged on the base (6 a), the first rotating part (6 b) is rotatably connected with the base (6 a), and the rotating shaft of the first rotating part (6 b) is horizontally arranged;
the third rotary driver is arranged on the base (6 a), and the output end of the third rotary driver is in transmission connection with the first rotary part (6 b);
the second rotating part (6 c), the second rotating part (6 c) is arranged on the first rotating part (6 b), the first rotating part (6 b) is rotatably connected with the second rotating part (6 c), the rotating shaft of the second rotating part (6 c) is vertically arranged, and the top surface of the second rotating part (6 c) is movably connected with a workpiece;
and the fourth rotary driver is arranged on the first rotating part (6 b), and the output end of the fourth rotary driver is in transmission connection with the second rotating part (6 c).
9. An eight-axis vertical machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that the main milling head (3) comprises a tool arranged at its output end, and the machining center further comprises an automatic tool changing system (7) arranged on the gantry (2).
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| CN102825313B (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2017-02-15 | 邵枫 | Efficient cutting device of ball-end milling cutter |
| CN203696068U (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-07-09 | 南京彩云机械电子制造有限公司 | Inner spiral groove cutter head |
| US9623492B2 (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2017-04-18 | General Electric Company | Milling tool for portion of slot in rotor |
| CN210305902U (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2020-04-14 | 福建建合人防工程设备有限公司 | Multi-axis linkage machining center |
| CN214815192U (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-11-23 | 厦门中科伊贝格机械有限公司 | Angle milling head for high-precision positioning milling direction |
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