CN113579196A - Method for manufacturing light alloy modified product - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing light alloy modified product Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113579196A
CN113579196A CN202110800001.4A CN202110800001A CN113579196A CN 113579196 A CN113579196 A CN 113579196A CN 202110800001 A CN202110800001 A CN 202110800001A CN 113579196 A CN113579196 A CN 113579196A
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cavity
injection
pressure
mixing
pressurizing
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蒉伟良
邓俊钧
曾小勤
张洪
谷立东
刘玉鹏
李秋宏
罗力
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Bole Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
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Bole Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110800001.4A priority Critical patent/CN113579196A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/007Semi-solid pressure die casting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/02Hot chamber machines, i.e. with heated press chamber in which metal is melted
    • B22D17/04Plunger machines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/2015Means for forcing the molten metal into the die

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a light alloy modified product, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) mixing raw materials; (2) injecting; (3) and molding the die cavity to obtain the required light alloy modified product. The light alloy product prepared by the manufacturing method has the advantages that the yield strength can be improved by more than 10%, the maximum tensile strength can be improved by 20%, the elongation can be improved by 3-5%, the uniformity is stronger, and the corrosion resistance is also greatly improved.

Description

Method for manufacturing light alloy modified product
Technical Field
The invention relates to a manufacturing method, in particular to a manufacturing method of a light alloy modified product.
Background
The light alloy, also called light alloy, mainly refers to titanium alloy, magnesium alloy and aluminum alloy, wherein, magnesium alloy density is low, specific strength is large, heat dispersion and thermal stability are better than aluminum alloy, it is a new light alloy material with development prospect, and it is widely used in the fields of aerospace, 3C electronics, automobile manufacturing, etc.
However, because of the property problem of magnesium alloy, the plasticity and corrosion resistance are poor, the magnesium alloy must be doped and modified to produce a light alloy product meeting the requirements, and at present, aiming at the production of the light alloy product with the main raw material of magnesium alloy, the magnesium alloy raw material is generally melted into liquid, then the modified material is added into the magnesium alloy liquid, the mixture is stirred, mixed and cooled into a semi-solid material, and then the semi-solid material is die-cast to obtain the required light alloy product. The light alloy product taking the magnesium alloy as the main raw material has the disadvantages of complicated manufacturing steps and complex operation, the magnesium alloy is very easy to oxidize and difficult to uniformly mix when being melted into liquid and mixed with the modified material, and the modified material is easy to agglomerate in the mixing process, so that the components in the semi-solid material are easy to be non-uniform and easy to segregate, the stability and consistency of the prepared light alloy product are poor, and the high-quality product is difficult to obtain.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a manufacturing method of a light alloy modified product, and the light alloy product with stable performance and higher quality can be manufactured by the manufacturing method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method for manufacturing a light alloy modified product comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing raw materials: melting and mixing a solid magnesium alloy raw material and a modified material according to a ratio by a whole machine device to form semi-solid or liquid slurry to be injected;
(2) and (3) injection: injecting the semi-solid or liquid slurry to be injected into a mold cavity through the whole equipment;
(3) and molding the die cavity to obtain the required light alloy modified product.
The whole equipment comprises an injection tube with an injection cavity, a screw rod is arranged in the injection cavity in a rotatable and movable back and forth manner, a hopper communicated with the injection tube and used for feeding is arranged on the injection tube, and a heating device is arranged outside the barrel body of the injection tube;
the specific process of the manufacturing method is as follows:
(1) mixing raw materials:
(1-1) uniformly stirring a solid magnesium alloy raw material and a modified material according to a ratio to form a mixture;
(1-2) advancing the screw to make the whole screw positioned in the injection cavity, vacuumizing the hopper, and controlling the gas pressure in the hopper to be 5 x 10-2Below Pa, filling the mixture into a hopper, enabling the mixture to enter a conveying area with the temperature controlled between 450 ℃ and 585 ℃ in an injection cavity through the hopper, pushing the mixture in the conveying area to a melting and metering mixing area with the temperature controlled between 600 ℃ and 625 ℃ in the injection cavity by rotating a screw rod, and melting the mixture into semi-solid or liquid slurry to be injection-molded in the melting and metering mixing area under the shearing action of the screw rod;
(1-3) setting a storage amount set value for the whole machine according to the weight of a product to be produced, stopping feeding by a hopper when the amount of the slurry to be injected reaches the storage amount set value, stopping rotating and retreating a screw rod, and preparing to enter an injection process;
(2) and (3) injection: the screw rod moves forward, and the semi-solid or liquid slurry to be injected obtained by mixing is injected into a die cavity through a nozzle on the injection cylinder;
(3) and molding the die cavity to obtain the required light alloy modified product.
The light alloy modified product prepared by the complete machine equipment and the method has the following advantages: (1) the alloy can be modified and formed integrally, so that the working efficiency is improved, and the yield is improved; (2) the modified light alloy prepared by the equipment and the method can regulate and control the component ratio of the modified material and the alloy at will, and can quickly change the feeding ratio along with the product requirement; (3) the mechanical property of the modified light alloy prepared by the equipment and the method can be greatly improved, and compared with the existing light alloy material, the applicable service environment of the modified light alloy is wider and more harsh; (4) the light alloy is modified, the difficulty lies in whether the modified material has good dispersibility, and the equipment can fully stir the magnesium alloy to be modified and the alloy modified material, so that the dispersibility is well improved; (5) in the whole process from the beginning to the injection molding, the chance of contacting with the outside air basically does not exist, so that the whole preparation process does not need to use other gas for protection, the gas entrainment phenomenon does not exist in the whole injection process, and the porosity of the product can be effectively reduced.
The whole machine equipment comprises a mixing device and an injection device;
the mixing device comprises a mixing barrel with a mixing cavity, a hopper communicated with the mixing cavity and used for feeding is arranged on the mixing barrel, at least one screw rod is rotatably arranged in the mixing cavity, and a heating device is arranged outside the barrel body of the mixing barrel;
the injection device comprises an injection tube with an injection cavity, a push rod is arranged in the injection cavity in a back-and-forth moving manner, and a heating device is arranged outside the tube body of the injection tube;
the mixing cavity is communicated with the injection cylinder through a closed feeding channel, a heating device is arranged outside the feeding channel, and a single valve is arranged in the feeding channel;
the specific process of the manufacturing method is as follows:
(1) mixing raw materials:
(1-1) vacuumizing the hopper, and controlling the gas pressure in the hopper to be 5 x 10-2Below Pa, filling a magnesium alloy raw material and a modified material into a hopper through a quantitative feeding device, enabling the two materials to enter a mixing cavity through the hopper, rotating a screw rod, controlling the temperature of a conveying area for preheating the two materials in the mixing cavity to be 450-585 ℃, and controlling the temperature of a conveying area for melting the two materials in the mixing cavityThe temperature of the melting area and the mixing area of the melting and mixing is 600-625 ℃, and the two materials are melted, sheared and mixed in the mixing barrel to form uniform semi-solid or liquid slurry to be injected under the drive of the rotation of the screw rod along with the continuous increase of the materials;
(1-2) opening the one-way valve, continuously rotating the screw rod, keeping stirring of the slurry to be injected, and allowing the slurry to be injected to enter an injection cavity of an injection cylinder with the temperature controlled at 600-625 ℃ through a feeding channel with the temperature controlled at 600-625 ℃ under the rotation action of the screw rod along with the continuous increase of the material;
(1-3) setting a storage amount set value for the whole machine according to the weight of a product to be produced, stopping rotation of the screw when the slurry to be injected in the injection cavity reaches the storage amount set value, closing the one-way valve, and preparing to enter an injection process;
(2) and (3) injection:
(2-1) in the front injection section, the push rod is pushed in a high-speed low-pressure pushing mode to inject the slurry to be injected in the injection tube into the mold cavity through the injection nozzle on the injection tube;
(2-2) when the mold cavity is about to be filled or is filled, controlling the push rod to continue to advance in a high-pressure low-speed advancing mode, continuing to advance the slurry to be injected into the mold cavity, and entering a pressure maintaining state to reduce the shrinkage of a product;
(3) and molding the die cavity, and cooling to obtain the required light alloy modified product.
The whole machine equipment using the structure has the following advantages:
(1) the arrangement of the mixing barrel provides a material storage effect while realizing uniform mixing, and only the injection barrel needs to be enlarged for the injection manufacturing of a light alloy product with large gram weight;
(2) in the whole working process, the screw rod in the mixing barrel only rotates and does not move backwards, so that stable output of the semi-solid slurry can be realized;
(3) by arranging the mixing barrel, materials entering the mixing cavity through the hopper are mixed, sheared and melted by rotating a screw rod arranged in the mixing barrel, so that the materials are fully mixed to form slurry with better uniformity and consistency, modified materials can be added on line in the mixing and storing processes, and the modification can be carried out along with the production, so that a light alloy product with better performance can be obtained;
(4) in the whole process from the beginning to the injection molding, the chance of contacting with the outside air basically does not exist, so that the whole preparation process does not need to use other gas for protection, the gas entrainment phenomenon does not exist in the whole injection process, and the porosity of the product can be effectively reduced.
The push rod is driven by the high-speed mechanism and the high-pressure mechanism which can independently act in a matching way to realize the switching between the high-speed low-pressure propelling mode and the high-pressure low-speed propelling mode.
The high-speed mechanism is an injection oil cylinder, the injection oil cylinder comprises an injection cylinder body with an inner cavity inside, a piston is movably arranged in the inner cavity back and forth, the piston divides the inner cavity into a front cavity and a rear cavity, a first oil port and a second oil port communicated with the inner cavity are respectively arranged on the injection cylinder body corresponding to the front cavity and the rear cavity, the piston is coaxially connected with a piston rod, and the front end of the piston rod extends forwards out of the inner cavity and is coaxially and fixedly connected with the rear end of the push rod;
the high-pressure mechanism is a pressurizing oil cylinder, the pressurizing oil cylinder comprises a pressurizing cylinder body arranged at the rear end of the injection cylinder body, a pressurizing cavity is arranged in the pressurizing cylinder body, a pressurizing piston is movably arranged in the pressurizing cavity in a front-back mode, the pressurizing cavity is divided into a front pressurizing cavity and a rear pressurizing cavity by the pressurizing piston, a third oil port and a fourth oil port which are communicated with the pressurizing cavity are respectively arranged on the pressurizing cylinder body corresponding to the front pressurizing cavity and the rear pressurizing cavity, a pressurizing piston rod is coaxially connected to the pressurizing piston rod, and the front end of the pressurizing piston rod extends forwards out of the pressurizing cavity and extends into the rear cavity;
the longitudinal sectional area of the pressurizing piston is larger than that of the pressurizing piston rod, and the longitudinal sectional area of the pressurizing cavity is larger than that of the inner cavity;
the step (2) adopts the high-speed mechanism and the high-pressure mechanism to drive in a matching way so as to realize the switching of the push rod between the high-speed low-pressure propelling mode and the high-pressure low-speed propelling mode, and the specific process is as follows:
(2-1) the injection oil cylinder acts at the front injection section, oil is fed through the second oil port, the push rod is driven to advance in a high-speed low-pressure advancing mode, and the slurry to be injected in the injection tube is injected into the mold cavity through the injection nozzle on the injection tube;
(2-2) when the mold cavity is about to be filled or is filled, the second oil port stops oil feeding, the pressurizing oil cylinder acts, the push rod is controlled to continue to advance in a high-pressure low-speed advancing mode through the oil feeding of the fourth oil port, the slurry to be injected is continuously pushed into the mold cavity, and a pressure maintaining state is achieved so as to reduce the shrinkage of products.
The high-speed mechanism is an injection oil cylinder, the injection oil cylinder comprises an injection cylinder body with an inner cavity inside, a piston is movably arranged in the inner cavity back and forth, the piston divides the inner cavity into a front cavity and a rear cavity, a first oil port and a second oil port communicated with the inner cavity are respectively arranged on the injection cylinder body corresponding to the front cavity and the rear cavity, the piston is coaxially connected with a piston rod, and the front end of the piston rod extends forwards out of the inner cavity and is coaxially and fixedly connected with the rear end of the push rod;
the high-pressure mechanism comprises a low-pressure energy accumulator and a high-pressure energy accumulator which are filled with hydraulic oil, the low-pressure energy accumulator is communicated with the second oil port through a first servo valve, the high-pressure energy accumulator is communicated with the first oil port through a second servo valve, the low-pressure energy accumulator is driven by a low-pressure power unit, and the high-pressure energy accumulator is driven by a high-pressure power unit;
the step (2) adopts the high-speed mechanism and the high-pressure mechanism to drive in a matching way so as to realize the switching of the push rod between the high-speed low-pressure propelling mode and the high-pressure low-speed propelling mode, and the specific process is as follows:
(2-1) in the front injection section, a low-pressure energy accumulator supplies oil to a second oil port, the pressure and the speed of the oil supplied by the low-pressure energy accumulator are controlled by a first servo valve, a push rod is driven to advance in a high-speed low-pressure advancing mode, and the slurry to be injected in the injection tube is injected into the mold cavity through a nozzle on the injection tube;
(2-2) when the mold cavity is about to be filled or is filled, the high-pressure energy accumulator supplies oil to the second oil port, the pressure and the speed of the oil supplied by the high-pressure energy accumulator are controlled by the second servo valve, the push rod is controlled to continue to push in a high-pressure low-speed pushing mode, the slurry to be injected is continuously pushed into the mold cavity, and a pressure maintaining state is achieved so as to reduce the shrinkage of products.
The modified material is at least one of ceramic powder, graphene, rare earth metal and carbon fiber or glass fiber.
The modifying material is ceramic powder with the grain diameter of 0.1-15 mu m, and the mass ratio of the magnesium alloy raw material to the ceramic powder is 100: 1-4: 1. The ceramic powder has good dispersibility, within the content range, the ceramic powder can be fully and uniformly mixed with the magnesium alloy shearing material, a uniform molten object can be formed in the melting process, and the excessive ceramic powder can not only reduce the dispersibility, but also increase the brittleness of the modified magnesium alloy.
The modified material is graphene, and the mass ratio of the magnesium alloy raw material to the graphene is 1000:1 to 20: 1. The graphene can change the structure of the magnesium alloy, and simultaneously effectively improve the mechanical property of the magnesium alloy, and is most appropriate in the content range, but the graphene has very strong agglomeration property, and excessive graphene can cause the magnesium alloy material to be incapable of being molded.
The modified material is rare earth metal, and the mass ratio of the magnesium alloy raw material to the rare earth metal is 1000:1 to 100: 1. The modified material adopts rare earth metal, can effectively change the structure of the formed magnesium alloy, thereby improving the performance of the magnesium alloy, is most proper in the content range, and can generate segregation when the content of the rare earth metal is higher, thereby generating harmful phase and further influencing the performance of the formed magnesium alloy.
The modified material is carbon fiber or glass fiber, and the mass ratio of the magnesium alloy raw material to the carbon fiber or the glass fiber is 1000:1 to 20: 1. The carbon fiber and the glass fiber can regulate and control the toughness and the strength of the magnesium alloy in an applicable environment under the condition of not changing the inherent chemical properties of the alloy, and obviously reduce the cost of modifying the magnesium alloy.
The size of the magnesium alloy raw material is 1mm multiplied by 2mm multiplied by 5 mm. The processing with the size can ensure that the modified material and the material to be modified are mixed more fully and melted more uniformly.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: magnesium alloy raw materials are directly melted and mixed with modified materials in a solid state according to a ratio to form semi-solid or liquid slurry to be injected through a complete machine device without special treatment, the semi-solid or liquid slurry to be injected is injected into a die cavity through the complete machine device to prepare the required light alloy modified product, in the integral manufacturing process, the opportunity of contacting with the outside air basically does not exist, the risk of oxidation of the magnesium alloy raw materials is effectively avoided, no additional gas is required to be used for protection in the whole preparation process, the air entrainment phenomenon does not exist in the injection process, the porosity of the product can be effectively reduced, the stability of the product performance is ensured, the light alloy product with higher product quality is easily obtained, the yield strength of the light alloy product prepared by the manufacturing method can be improved by more than 10 percent, the maximum tensile strength can be improved by 20 percent, the elongation can be improved by 3-5%, the uniformity is stronger, and the corrosion resistance is also greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a complete machine apparatus adopted in the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a whole machine apparatus employed in a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-speed mechanism and a high-pressure mechanism in a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-speed mechanism and a high-pressure mechanism in the third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in the figure, the manufacturing method of the light alloy modified product comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing raw materials: melting and mixing a solid magnesium alloy raw material and a modified material according to a ratio by a whole machine device to form semi-solid or liquid slurry to be injected;
(2) and (3) injection: injecting the semi-solid or liquid slurry to be injected into a mold cavity Q through the whole machine equipment;
(3) and molding the die cavity Q to obtain the required light alloy modified product.
In this embodiment, the whole apparatus comprises a syringe a1 having a syringe chamber a11, a screw a12 is rotatably and movably disposed in the syringe chamber a11, a hopper a2 for feeding material is disposed on the syringe a1 and communicates with the syringe a1, and a heating device (not shown) is disposed outside the syringe a 1;
the specific process of manufacturing the light alloy modified product by adopting the whole machine equipment is as follows:
(1) mixing raw materials:
(1-1) uniformly stirring a solid magnesium alloy raw material and a modified material according to a ratio to form a mixture;
(1-2) advancing the screw A12 to make it wholly located in the injection chamber A11, evacuating the hopper A2, and controlling the gas pressure in the hopper A2 at 5X 10-2Below Pa, filling the mixture into a hopper A2, enabling the mixture to enter a conveying area with the temperature controlled between 450 ℃ and 585 ℃ in an injection cavity A11 through the hopper A2, pushing the mixture in the conveying area to a melting and metering mixing area with the temperature controlled between 600 ℃ and 625 ℃ in the injection cavity A11 by rotating a screw A12, and melting the mixture into semi-solid or liquid slurry to be injection-molded in the melting and metering mixing area under the shearing action of a screw A12;
(1-3) setting a storage amount set value for the whole machine according to the weight of a product to be produced, stopping feeding by a hopper A2 when the amount of the slurry to be injection-molded reaches the storage amount set value, stopping rotating and retreating a screw A12, and preparing to enter an injection process;
(2) and (3) injection: the screw A12 advances, and the semi-solid or liquid slurry to be injected obtained by mixing is injected into a die cavity through a nozzle on the injection cylinder A1;
(3) and molding the mold cavity Q to obtain a light alloy product.
The light alloy product prepared by the complete machine equipment and the method has the following advantages: (1) the alloy can be modified and formed integrally, so that the working efficiency is improved, and the yield is improved; (2) the modified light alloy prepared by the equipment and the method can regulate and control the component ratio of the modified material and the alloy at will, and can quickly change the feeding ratio along with the product requirement; (3) the mechanical property of the modified light alloy prepared by the equipment and the method can be greatly improved, and compared with the existing light alloy material, the applicable service environment of the modified light alloy is wider and more harsh; (4) the light alloy is modified, the difficulty lies in whether the modified material has good dispersibility, and the equipment can fully stir the magnesium alloy to be modified and the alloy modified material, so that the dispersibility is well improved; (5) in the whole process from the beginning to the injection molding, the chance of contacting with the outside air basically does not exist, so that the whole preparation process does not need to use other gas for protection, the gas entrainment phenomenon does not exist in the whole injection process, and the porosity of the product can be effectively reduced.
In this embodiment, the magnesium alloy material is provided with a designation of AZ91 or AM60 or other designations with similar properties.
In this particular example, the dimensions of the magnesium alloy raw material were 1mm × 2mm × 5 mm. The processing with the size can ensure that the modified material and the material to be modified are mixed more fully and melted more uniformly.
In this particular embodiment, the modifier is at least one of ceramic powder, graphene, rare earth metal, and carbon or glass fibers.
Example two: as shown in fig. 2, the other parts are the same as the first embodiment, and the difference is that the whole equipment comprises a mixing device and an injection device;
the mixing device comprises a mixing barrel B1 with a mixing cavity B11, a hopper B2 which is communicated with the mixing cavity B11 and used for feeding is arranged on the mixing barrel B1, at least one screw B12 is rotatably arranged in the mixing cavity B11, and a heating device R is arranged outside the barrel body of the mixing barrel B1;
the injection device comprises an injection tube B3 with an injection cavity B31, a push rod B32 is arranged in the injection cavity B31 in a way of moving back and forth, and a heating device R is arranged outside the barrel body of the injection tube B3;
the mixing cavity B11 is communicated with the injection tube B3 through a closed feeding channel B4, a heating device R is arranged outside the feeding channel B4, and a one-way valve B5 is arranged in the feeding channel B4;
the specific process of forming by adopting the whole machine equipment is as follows:
(1) mixing raw materials:
(1-1) evacuating hopper B2, controlling the gas pressure in hopper B2 at 5X 10-2Below Pa, filling a magnesium alloy to-be-processed raw material and a modified material into a hopper B2 through a quantitative feeding device, enabling the two materials to enter a mixing cavity B11 through a hopper B2, rotating a screw B12, controlling the temperature of a conveying area for preheating the two materials in the mixing cavity B11 to be 450-585 ℃, controlling the temperature of a melting area and a mixing area for melting and mixing the two materials in the mixing cavity B11 to be 600-625 ℃, and melting, shearing and mixing the two materials in a mixing cylinder B1 to form uniform semi-solid or liquid to-be-molded slurry under the driving of the rotation of a screw B12 along with the continuous increase of the materials;
(1-2) opening a one-way valve B5, continuously rotating a screw B12, keeping stirring of the slurry to be injected, and allowing the slurry to be injected to enter an injection cavity B31 of an injection cylinder B3 with the temperature controlled at 600-625 ℃ through a feeding channel B4 with the temperature controlled at 600-625 ℃ under the rotation action of a screw B12 along with the continuous increase of the material;
(1-3) setting a storage amount set value for the whole machine according to the weight of a product to be produced, stopping rotation of a screw B12 when the slurry to be injected in an injection cavity B31 reaches the storage amount set value, closing a one-way valve and preparing to enter an injection process;
(2) and (3) injection:
(2-1) in the front injection section, the push rod B32 is pushed in a high-speed low-pressure mode to inject the slurry to be injected in the injection tube B3 into the mold cavity through the nozzle on the injection tube B3;
(2-2) when the mold cavity is about to be filled or is filled, controlling the push rod B32 to continue to advance in a high-pressure low-speed mode, continuing to push the slurry to be molded into the mold cavity, and entering a pressure maintaining state;
(3) and molding the mold cavity Q to obtain a light alloy product.
The whole machine equipment using the structure has the following advantages:
(1) the mixing barrel B1 is arranged, so that the material storage function is provided while uniform mixing is realized, and only the injection barrel B3 needs to be enlarged for injection manufacturing of a light alloy product with high gram weight;
(2) in the whole working process, the screw B12 in the mixing barrel B1 only rotates and does not move backwards, so that stable output of semi-solid slurry can be realized;
(3) by arranging the mixing barrel B1 and rotating the screw B12 arranged in the mixing barrel B1, the materials entering the mixing cavity B11 through the hopper are mixed, sheared and melted, the materials are fully mixed to form slurry with better uniformity and consistency, the modified materials can be added on line in the mixing and storing processes, the modification along with the production is realized, and the light alloy product with better performance is obtained;
(4) in the whole process from the beginning to the injection molding, the chance of contacting with the outside air basically does not exist, so that the whole preparation process does not need to use other gas for protection, the gas entrainment phenomenon does not exist in the whole injection process, and the porosity of the product can be effectively reduced.
In this embodiment, the push rod B32 is driven by a high-speed mechanism and a high-pressure mechanism which can act independently to realize the switching between the high-speed low-pressure propulsion mode and the high-pressure low-speed propulsion mode.
In this specific embodiment, the high-speed mechanism is an injection oil cylinder, the injection oil cylinder includes an injection cylinder body B50 having an inner cavity B51 therein, a piston B52 is movably disposed in the inner cavity B51 in a front-back manner, the piston B52 divides the inner cavity B51 into a front cavity B501 and a back cavity B502, a first oil port B53 and a second oil port B54 communicated with the inner cavity B51 are respectively disposed on the injection cylinder body B50 at positions corresponding to the front cavity B501 and the back cavity B502, a piston rod B55 is coaxially connected to the piston B52, and the front end of the piston rod B55 extends forward out of the inner cavity B51 to be coaxially and fixedly connected with the back end of the push rod B32;
the high-pressure mechanism is a pressurization oil cylinder, the pressurization oil cylinder comprises a pressurization cylinder body B6 arranged at the rear end of an injection cylinder body B50, a pressurization cavity B61 is arranged in the pressurization cylinder body B6, a pressurization piston B62 is movably arranged in the pressurization cavity B61 in a front-back mode, the pressurization cavity B61 is divided into a front pressurization cavity B601 and a rear pressurization cavity B602 by the pressurization piston B62, a third oil port B63 and a fourth oil port B64 communicated with the pressurization cavity B61 are respectively arranged on the pressurization cylinder body B6 corresponding to the front pressurization cavity B601 and the rear pressurization cavity B602, a pressurization piston rod B65 is coaxially connected to the pressurization piston B62, and the front end of the pressurization piston rod B65 extends forwards out of the pressurization cavity B61 and then extends into the rear cavity B502;
the longitudinal sectional area of the booster piston B62 is larger than that of the booster piston rod B65, and the longitudinal sectional area of the booster chamber B61 is larger than that of the inner chamber B51.
The specific process of switching the push rod B32 between the high-speed low-pressure propulsion mode and the high-pressure low-speed propulsion mode by adopting the high-speed mechanism and the high-pressure mechanism for driving in a matching manner in the step (2) is as follows:
(2-1) in the front injection section, the injection oil cylinder acts, oil is fed through a second oil port B54, a push rod B32 is driven to advance in a high-speed low-pressure advancing mode, and the slurry to be injected in the injection tube B3 is injected into the mold cavity Q through a nozzle B101 on the injection tube B3;
(2-2) when the mold cavity Q is about to be filled or is filled, the second oil port B54 stops oil feeding, the pressurizing oil cylinder acts, oil feeding is performed through the fourth oil port B64, the push rod B32 is controlled to continue to advance in a high-pressure low-speed advancing mode, the slurry to be injected is continuously pushed into the mold cavity Q, and a pressure maintaining state is achieved, so that the contraction of a product is reduced.
In this embodiment, the high-speed mechanism is an injection cylinder, the high-pressure mechanism is a booster cylinder, the longitudinal sectional area of the booster piston B62 is larger than the longitudinal sectional area of the booster piston rod B65 by combining the two cylinders, the longitudinal sectional area of the booster cavity B61 is larger than the longitudinal sectional area of the inner cavity B51, the area of the inner cavity B51 is small, the required flow is small, high-speed and low-pressure can be realized, and the booster cavity B61 and the inner cavity B51 are combined together to realize high-pressure and low-speed. And in the front injection section, the injection oil cylinder acts, oil is fed through the second oil port B54, the push rod is driven to advance in a high-speed low-pressure advancing mode, the slurry to be injected in the injection tube 1 is injected into the mold cavity through the injection nozzle B101 on the injection tube B3, when the mold cavity Q is about to be filled or is filled, the oil feeding of the first oil port B53 is stopped, the pressurizing oil cylinder acts, the push rod is controlled to continue to advance in a high-pressure low-speed advancing mode through the fourth oil port B64, the slurry to be injected is continuously pushed into the mold cavity, and a pressure maintaining state is achieved, so that the contraction of a product is reduced. The push rod B32 is switched between two propulsion modes of high-speed low-pressure propulsion and low-speed high-pressure propulsion, the flow of hydraulic oil of the system can be smaller than that of the traditional structure at high speed, the push rod B32 is mainly operated through an injection oil cylinder during injection, high-speed low pressure provides quick propulsion for the push rod B32, so that mixture cooling is avoided, and in the pressure maintaining stage, the high-pressure low speed is realized through oil inlet of a pressurization oil cylinder, so that the contraction of products is reduced.
Example three: the other parts of the device are the same as the embodiment, and the device is characterized in that the high-speed mechanism is an injection oil cylinder, the injection oil cylinder comprises an injection cylinder body B50 with an inner cavity B51 inside, a piston B52 is movably arranged in the inner cavity B51 in a front-back manner, the piston B52 divides the inner cavity B51 into a front cavity B501 and a back cavity B502, a first oil port B53 and a second oil port B54 which are communicated with the inner cavity B51 are respectively arranged on the positions, corresponding to the front cavity B501 and the back cavity B502, of the injection cylinder body B50, a piston rod B55 is coaxially connected to the piston B52, and the front end of the piston rod B55 extends forwards out of the inner cavity B51 and is coaxially and fixedly connected with the back end of a push rod B32;
the high-pressure mechanism comprises a low-pressure energy accumulator B81 and a high-pressure energy accumulator B82 which are filled with hydraulic oil, the low-pressure energy accumulator B81 is communicated with a second oil port B54 through a first servo valve B83, the high-pressure energy accumulator B82 is communicated with a first oil port B53 through a second servo valve B84, the low-pressure energy accumulator B81 is driven by a low-pressure power unit, and the high-pressure energy accumulator B82 is driven by a high-pressure power unit.
The specific process of switching the push rod B32 between the high-speed low-pressure propulsion mode and the high-pressure low-speed propulsion mode by adopting the high-speed mechanism and the high-pressure mechanism for driving in a matching manner in the step (2) is as follows:
(2-1) in the front injection section, a low-pressure accumulator B81 supplies oil to a second oil port B54, the pressure and the speed of the oil supply of the low-pressure accumulator B54 are controlled through a first servo valve B83, a push rod B32 is driven to advance in a high-speed low-pressure advancing mode, and slurry to be injected in an injection tube B3 is injected into a mold cavity Q through a nozzle B101 on an injection tube B3;
(2-2) when the die cavity Q is about to be filled or is filled, the high-pressure accumulator B82 supplies oil to the second oil port B54, the pressure and the speed of the oil supply of the high-pressure accumulator B82 are controlled through the second servo valve B84, the push rod B32 is controlled to continue to advance in a high-pressure low-speed advancing mode, the slurry to be injected is continuously pushed into the die cavity Q, and the pressure maintaining state is achieved, so that the contraction of a product is reduced.
In the front injection section, the low-pressure accumulator B81 supplies oil to the second oil port B54, the pressure and the speed of the oil supply of the low-pressure accumulator B81 are controlled by the first servo valve B83, the push rod B32 is driven to advance in a high-speed low-pressure advancing mode, the slurry to be injected in the injection tube B3 is injected into the mold cavity Q through the nozzle B101 on the injection tube B3, when the mold cavity Q is about to be filled or is filled, the high-pressure accumulator B82 supplies oil to the second oil port B54, the pressure and the speed of the oil supply of the high-pressure accumulator B82 are controlled by the second servo valve B84, the push rod B32 is controlled to continue to advance in a high-pressure low-speed advancing mode, the slurry to be injected into the mold cavity Q is continuously pushed, and the pressure maintaining state is achieved, so that the contraction of a product is reduced.
Example four: the other parts are the same as the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment, and the difference is that the modifying material is ceramic powder with the grain diameter of 0.1-15 μm, and the mass ratio of the magnesium alloy raw material to the ceramic powder is 100: 1-4: 1. The ceramic powder has good dispersibility, within the content range, the ceramic powder can be fully and uniformly mixed with the magnesium alloy shearing material, a uniform molten object can be formed in the melting process, and the excessive ceramic powder can not only reduce the dispersibility, but also increase the brittleness of the modified magnesium alloy.
Example five: the other parts are the same as those of the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment, and the difference is that the modified material is graphene, and the mass ratio of the magnesium alloy raw material to the graphene is 1000:1 to 20: 1. The graphene can change the structure of the magnesium alloy, and simultaneously effectively improve the mechanical property of the magnesium alloy, and is most appropriate in the content range, but the graphene has very strong agglomeration property, and excessive graphene can cause the magnesium alloy material to be incapable of being molded.
Example six: the other parts are the same as the embodiment I, the embodiment II or the embodiment II, and the difference is that the modifying material is rare earth metal, and the mass ratio of the magnesium alloy raw material to the rare earth metal is between 1000:1 and 100: 1. The modified material adopts rare earth metal, can effectively change the structure of the formed magnesium alloy, thereby improving the performance of the magnesium alloy, is most proper in the content range, and can generate segregation when the content of the rare earth metal is higher, thereby generating harmful phase and further influencing the performance of the formed magnesium alloy.
Example seven: the other parts are the same as the embodiment I or the embodiment II or the embodiment III, and the difference is that the modified material is carbon fiber or glass fiber, and the mass ratio of the magnesium alloy raw material to the carbon fiber or the glass fiber is between 1000:1 and 20: 1. The carbon fiber and the glass fiber can regulate and control the toughness and the strength of the magnesium alloy in an applicable environment under the condition of not changing the inherent chemical properties of the alloy, and obviously reduce the cost of modifying the magnesium alloy.
Combining the above examples, the light alloy products made by different methods and different material formulations showed the following yield strength and tensile strength properties:
material Yield strength (MPa) Tensile strength (MPa)
AM60 146 281
AM60+5%SiC(10μm) 157 244
AZ91 177 291
AZ91+5%SiC(0.5μm) 212 267
AZ91+5%SiC(10μm) 194 259
EA42 128.5 273
EA42+5%SiC(10μm) 130 236
AZ91+0.8%Y 169 299
AZ91+1% graphene 214 265
AZ91+5% glass fiber 162 301

Claims (10)

1. A method for manufacturing a light alloy modified product is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing raw materials: melting and mixing a solid magnesium alloy raw material and a modified material according to a ratio by a whole machine device to form semi-solid or liquid slurry to be injected;
(2) and (3) injection: injecting the semi-solid or liquid slurry to be injected into a mold cavity through the whole equipment;
(3) and molding the die cavity to obtain the required light alloy modified product.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises a barrel having an injection cavity, a screw rod is rotatably and movably disposed in the injection cavity, a hopper for feeding materials is disposed on the barrel and is in communication with the barrel, and a heating device is disposed outside the barrel;
the specific process of the manufacturing method is as follows:
(1) mixing raw materials:
(1-1) uniformly stirring a solid magnesium alloy raw material and a modified material according to a ratio to form a mixture;
(1-2) advancing the screw to make the whole screw positioned in the injection cavity, vacuumizing the hopper, and controlling the gas pressure in the hopper to be 5 x 10-2Below Pa, filling the mixture into a hopper, feeding the mixture into a conveying area with the temperature controlled at 450-585 ℃ in an injection cavity through the hopper, and rotating a screw to convey the mixture in the conveying areaPushing the mixture to a melting and metering mixing area with the temperature controlled between 600 ℃ and 625 ℃ in an injection cavity, and melting the mixture to form semi-solid or liquid slurry to be injected in the melting and metering mixing area under the shearing action of a screw;
(1-3) setting a storage amount set value for the whole machine according to the weight of a product to be produced, stopping feeding by a hopper when the amount of the slurry to be injected reaches the storage amount set value, stopping rotating and retreating a screw rod, and preparing to enter an injection process;
(2) and (3) injection: the screw rod moves forward, and the semi-solid or liquid slurry to be injected obtained by mixing is injected into a die cavity through a nozzle on the injection cylinder;
(3) and molding the die cavity to obtain the required light alloy modified product.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the complete machine comprises a mixing device and an injection device;
the mixing device comprises a mixing barrel with a mixing cavity, a hopper communicated with the mixing cavity and used for feeding is arranged on the mixing barrel, at least one screw rod is rotatably arranged in the mixing cavity, and a heating device is arranged outside the barrel body of the mixing barrel;
the injection device comprises an injection tube with an injection cavity, a push rod is arranged in the injection cavity in a back-and-forth moving manner, and a heating device is arranged outside the tube body of the injection tube;
the mixing cavity is communicated with the injection cylinder through a closed feeding channel, a heating device is arranged outside the feeding channel, and a single valve is arranged in the feeding channel;
the specific process of the manufacturing method is as follows:
(1) mixing raw materials:
(1-1) vacuumizing the hopper, and controlling the gas pressure in the hopper to be 5 x 10-2Filling a magnesium alloy raw material and a modified material into a hopper through a quantitative feeding device under Pa, wherein the raw material and the modified material areThe materials enter a mixing cavity through a hopper, a screw rotates, the temperature of a conveying area for preheating the two materials in the mixing cavity is controlled to be 450-585 ℃, the temperature of a melting area and a mixing area for melting and mixing the two materials in the mixing cavity is controlled to be 600-625 ℃, and the two materials are melted, sheared and mixed in a mixing barrel to form uniform semi-solid or liquid slurry to be injected under the driving of the rotation of the screw along with the continuous increase of the materials;
(1-2) opening the one-way valve, continuously rotating the screw rod, keeping stirring of the slurry to be injected, and allowing the slurry to be injected to enter an injection cavity of an injection cylinder with the temperature controlled at 600-625 ℃ through a feeding channel with the temperature controlled at 600-625 ℃ under the rotation action of the screw rod along with the continuous increase of the material;
(1-3) setting a storage amount set value for the whole machine according to the weight of a product to be produced, stopping rotation of the screw when the slurry to be injected in the injection cavity reaches the storage amount set value, closing the one-way valve, and preparing to enter an injection process;
(2) and (3) injection:
(2-1) in the front injection section, the push rod is pushed in a high-speed low-pressure pushing mode to inject the slurry to be injected in the injection tube into the mold cavity through the injection nozzle on the injection tube;
(2-2) when the mold cavity is about to be filled or is filled, controlling the push rod to continue to advance in a high-pressure low-speed advancing mode, continuing to advance the slurry to be injected into the mold cavity, and entering a pressure maintaining state to reduce the shrinkage of a product;
(3) and molding the die cavity, and cooling to obtain the required light alloy modified product.
4. The method for manufacturing a light alloy modified product as claimed in claim 3, wherein the push rod is driven by a high-speed mechanism and a high-pressure mechanism which can be independently operated to realize the switching between the high-speed low-pressure propulsion mode and the high-pressure low-speed propulsion mode.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the high-speed mechanism is an injection cylinder, the injection cylinder comprises an injection cylinder body having an inner cavity therein, the inner cavity is provided with a piston movably in a front-back direction, the piston divides the inner cavity into a front chamber and a rear chamber, the injection cylinder body is provided with a first oil port and a second oil port respectively corresponding to the front chamber and the rear chamber, the first oil port and the second oil port are communicated with the inner cavity, the piston is coaxially connected with a piston rod, and the front end of the piston rod extends forward out of the inner cavity and is coaxially and fixedly connected with the rear end of the push rod;
the high-pressure mechanism is a pressurizing oil cylinder, the pressurizing oil cylinder comprises a pressurizing cylinder body arranged at the rear end of the injection cylinder body, a pressurizing cavity is arranged in the pressurizing cylinder body, a pressurizing piston is movably arranged in the pressurizing cavity in a front-back mode, the pressurizing cavity is divided into a front pressurizing cavity and a rear pressurizing cavity by the pressurizing piston, a third oil port and a fourth oil port which are communicated with the pressurizing cavity are respectively arranged on the pressurizing cylinder body corresponding to the front pressurizing cavity and the rear pressurizing cavity, a pressurizing piston rod is coaxially connected to the pressurizing piston rod, and the front end of the pressurizing piston rod extends forwards out of the pressurizing cavity and extends into the rear cavity;
the longitudinal sectional area of the pressurizing piston is larger than that of the pressurizing piston rod, and the longitudinal sectional area of the pressurizing cavity is larger than that of the inner cavity;
the step (2) adopts the high-speed mechanism and the high-pressure mechanism to drive in a matching way so as to realize the switching of the push rod between the high-speed low-pressure propelling mode and the high-pressure low-speed propelling mode, and the specific process is as follows:
(2-1) the injection oil cylinder acts at the front injection section, oil is fed through the second oil port, the push rod is driven to advance in a high-speed low-pressure advancing mode, and the slurry to be injected in the injection tube is injected into the mold cavity through the injection nozzle on the injection tube;
(2-2) when the mold cavity is about to be filled or is filled, the second oil port stops oil feeding, the pressurizing oil cylinder acts, the push rod is controlled to continue to advance in a high-pressure low-speed advancing mode through the oil feeding of the fourth oil port, the slurry to be injected is continuously pushed into the mold cavity, and a pressure maintaining state is achieved so as to reduce the shrinkage of products.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the high-speed mechanism is an injection cylinder, the injection cylinder comprises an injection cylinder body having an inner cavity therein, the inner cavity is provided with a piston movably in a front-back direction, the piston divides the inner cavity into a front chamber and a rear chamber, the injection cylinder body is provided with a first oil port and a second oil port respectively corresponding to the front chamber and the rear chamber, the first oil port and the second oil port are communicated with the inner cavity, the piston is coaxially connected with a piston rod, and the front end of the piston rod extends forward out of the inner cavity and is coaxially and fixedly connected with the rear end of the push rod;
the high-pressure mechanism comprises a low-pressure energy accumulator and a high-pressure energy accumulator which are filled with hydraulic oil, the low-pressure energy accumulator is communicated with the second oil port through a first servo valve, the high-pressure energy accumulator is communicated with the first oil port through a second servo valve, the low-pressure energy accumulator is driven by a low-pressure power unit, and the high-pressure energy accumulator is driven by a high-pressure power unit;
the step (2) adopts the high-speed mechanism and the high-pressure mechanism to drive in a matching way so as to realize the switching of the push rod between the high-speed low-pressure propelling mode and the high-pressure low-speed propelling mode, and the specific process is as follows:
(2-1) in the front injection section, a low-pressure energy accumulator supplies oil to a second oil port, the pressure and the speed of the oil supplied by the low-pressure energy accumulator are controlled by a first servo valve, a push rod is driven to advance in a high-speed low-pressure advancing mode, and the slurry to be injected in the injection tube is injected into the mold cavity through a nozzle on the injection tube;
(2-2) when the mold cavity is about to be filled or is filled, the high-pressure energy accumulator supplies oil to the second oil port, the pressure and the speed of the oil supplied by the high-pressure energy accumulator are controlled by the second servo valve, the push rod is controlled to continue to push in a high-pressure low-speed pushing mode, the slurry to be injected is continuously pushed into the mold cavity, and a pressure maintaining state is achieved so as to reduce the shrinkage of products.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the modifier is at least one of ceramic powder, graphene, rare earth metal, and carbon fiber or glass fiber.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the modifier is ceramic powder having a particle size of 0.1 μm to 15 μm, and the mass ratio of the magnesium alloy raw material to the ceramic powder is 100:1 to 4: 1.
9. The method for manufacturing a light alloy modified product according to claim 1, wherein the modifying material is graphene, and the mass ratio of the magnesium alloy raw material to the graphene is 1000:1 to 20: 1.
10. A method for producing a light alloy modified product according to claim 1, wherein said modifier is a rare earth metal, and the mass ratio of said magnesium alloy raw material to said rare earth metal is 1000:1 to 100: 1.
CN202110800001.4A 2021-07-15 2021-07-15 Method for manufacturing light alloy modified product Pending CN113579196A (en)

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CN116586583A (en) * 2023-05-29 2023-08-15 伯乐智能装备股份有限公司 Integrated semi-solid forming process and equipment for continuously preparing magnesium-based composite material
CN116618601A (en) * 2023-05-29 2023-08-22 伯乐智能装备股份有限公司 High-efficiency double-order double-injection light alloy mixed forming device and process
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Application publication date: 20211102