CN113570115B - Comprehensive energy system P2G station planning method applicable to bidirectional energy flow - Google Patents

Comprehensive energy system P2G station planning method applicable to bidirectional energy flow Download PDF

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CN113570115B
CN113570115B CN202110749306.7A CN202110749306A CN113570115B CN 113570115 B CN113570115 B CN 113570115B CN 202110749306 A CN202110749306 A CN 202110749306A CN 113570115 B CN113570115 B CN 113570115B
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CN113570115A (en
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令红兵
唐若愚
周步祥
臧天磊
华伟杰
罗欢
董申
张远洪
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Sichuan University
Dongfang Electric Machinery Co Ltd DEC
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Dongfang Electric Machinery Co Ltd DEC
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    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a comprehensive energy system P2G station planning method suitable for bidirectional energy flow, which comprises the following steps: establishing a power system model, a natural gas system model and a bidirectional energy flow system model of the comprehensive energy system, wherein the power flow equation and the natural gas flow equation are respectively represented, and the energy conversion relation of electric conversion gas and the energy conversion relation of gas conversion electricity are respectively represented; establishing a P2G plant station optimization planning model for setting objective functions and constraint conditions; taking the minimum sum of annual investment cost and annual operation cost of the comprehensive energy system as an objective function, solving a P2G plant station optimization planning model based on a physical tide relation existing among an electric power system model, a natural gas system model and a bidirectional energy flow system model to obtain the capacity of the P2G plant station; wherein, the operation cost at least comprises: annual wind abandoning cost and annual gas purchasing cost. The method provided by the embodiment of the invention can reasonably and efficiently plan the capacity of the P2G station with the aim of minimum wind power waste and maximum economic benefit.

Description

Comprehensive energy system P2G station planning method applicable to bidirectional energy flow
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power supply, in particular to a comprehensive energy system P2G station planning method applicable to bidirectional energy flow.
Background
The development of renewable new energy sources such as wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation and the like can effectively relieve the problems of energy crisis, environmental deterioration and the like. However, in the grid connection process of the new energy, the randomness and intermittence of energy production and marketing not only bring a plurality of damages to the aspects of safety and stability, operation scheduling and the like of the power grid, but also cause the problems of wind abandon and light abandon to form the waste of resources, thereby restricting the large-scale application of the new energy power generation.
In order to efficiently realize the consumption of intermittent renewable energy sources such as wind power, various countermeasures have been proposed in the related art from the aspects of supply side, demand side, and the like, for example, the intermittent and fluctuating aspects of renewable energy sources are countered by peak-shaving power sources and energy storage modes. In many coping schemes, the comprehensive energy system operates in coordination with various energy sources such as electricity, gas, heat, wind, light and the like, and the energy conversion mode is flexible, so that the comprehensive energy system has great benefits in terms of cost and reliability in terms of improving the energy utilization rate.
In the scheme of multi-energy coordinated operation, the method relates to the maximum total energy, the energy conversion mode is flexible, the energy transmission range is the coordinated operation of the two-way energy flow of the power grid and the air grid, the electric-air two-way energy flow system converts electric energy into chemical energy in hydrogen or methane when the electric power is excessive, and converts chemical energy of fuel gas in the natural air network into electric energy when the electric power is insufficient, so that the efficient and reasonable configuration of resources is completed, and the energy utilization rate is improved. In order to realize the optimal configuration of resources, the capacity scale of various energy sources including an electric-gas bidirectional energy flow system in the comprehensive energy source system is often required to be planned, but the planning and the service cycle of the electric-gas bidirectional energy flow system and P2G (Power to gas) equipment in actual production life are different, so that the difficulty of capacity planning of various energy sources in the comprehensive energy source system is increased. The related art simultaneously plans a plurality of energy sources such as electricity-to-gas conversion, gas-to-electricity conversion and the like, and is difficult to balance the relation between the resource utilization rate and the investment cost of the P2G plant.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a comprehensive energy system P2G plant planning method for overcoming the foregoing problems or at least partially solving the foregoing problems, where the comprehensive energy system P2G plant planning method is applicable to bi-directional energy flow, so as to reasonably plan the capacity of the P2G plant, where the method includes:
aiming at a power system, a natural gas system and a bidirectional energy flow system in the comprehensive energy system, respectively establishing a power system model, a natural gas system model and a bidirectional energy flow system model, and establishing a P2G plant station optimization planning model; the power system model is used for representing a power flow equation of a power system, the natural gas system model is used for representing a natural gas flow equation of the natural gas system, the bidirectional energy flow system model is used for representing an energy conversion relation of electric power conversion and an energy conversion relation of gas power conversion, and the P2G plant optimization planning model is used for setting an objective function and constraint conditions;
taking the minimum sum of annual investment cost and annual operation cost of the comprehensive energy system as an objective function, and solving the P2G plant optimization planning model based on a physical power flow relationship among the electric power system model, the natural gas system model and the bidirectional energy flow system model to obtain the capacity of the P2G plant in the comprehensive energy system;
Wherein the annual operating cost includes at least: annual wind abandoning cost and annual gas purchasing cost.
Optionally, with the minimum sum of annual investment cost and annual operation cost of the integrated energy system as an objective function, solving the P2G plant optimization planning model based on a physical power flow relationship existing among the electric power system model, the natural gas system model and the bidirectional energy flow system model to obtain a capacity of a P2G plant in the integrated energy system, including:
initializing a particle swarm, and randomly generating the capacity of a P2G station;
and calculating the power flow and the gas flow in a coupling system in a physical power flow relation space formed among the electric power system model, the natural gas system model and the bidirectional energy flow system model by using particles as an objective function and a particle swarm optimization algorithm, wherein the minimum sum of annual investment cost and annual operation cost of the comprehensive energy system is used, and the optimal solution is searched through iterative update of the speed and the position of each particle to obtain the capacity of the P2G plant in the comprehensive energy system.
Optionally, building a power system model includes:
Figure BDA0003143941130000031
Figure BDA0003143941130000032
under the condition that the comprehensive energy system comprises wind power output and generator output, establishing a tide equation of the power system:
wherein ,Pg,i Is the active power of the injection node i of the generator set, P w,i Is the active power of the injection node i of the wind turbine generator, Q g,i Is the reactive power injected into node i by the generator set, node j is all nodes connected with node i, G ij Is the conductance in the system, B ij Is susceptance, θ in the system ij Is the phase angle difference between node i and node j, V j Is the voltage of node j, V i Is the voltage at node i.
Optionally, building a natural gas system model includes:
establishing an equation describing the relationship between the power flow in the natural gas pipeline and the node air pressure:
Figure BDA0003143941130000033
Figure BDA0003143941130000034
Figure BDA0003143941130000035
wherein ,Fuv For natural gas pipeline flow, sgn (pi u ,π v ) As a sign function, pi u Is the pressure at the pipeline node u, pi v Is the pressure at the pipeline node v, C uv For the pipeline constant of the pipeline between pipeline node u and pipeline node v,π u is the lower pressure limit at the pipe node u,
Figure BDA0003143941130000036
is the upper pressure limit at the pipe node u.
Optionally, establishing a bidirectional energy flow system model includes: according to a chemical reaction formula of an electric conversion technology, an energy conversion relation from electric energy to gas energy is established:
Figure BDA0003143941130000037
wherein ,
Figure BDA0003143941130000038
is the power consumption of the P2G station at time t,/->
Figure BDA0003143941130000039
Is the natural gas flow generated by a t-moment bidirectional energy flow system, alpha gas Is the unit conversion coefficient of electric energy and natural gas flow, eta p2g The energy conversion efficiency of the P2G plant station;
according to a chemical reaction formula of the gas-to-electricity technology, an energy conversion relation that gas energy is converted into electric energy is established:
P i,t,gas ＝η G2P ×GL i,t,gas
wherein ,Pi,t,gas The power generation amount eta of the gas turbine at the time t G2P The conversion efficiency of the gas turbine is that G is the natural gas flow, and L is the unit conversion coefficient of converting the natural gas into electric energy.
Optionally, building a P2G plant optimization planning model, including:
setting an objective function of a P2G plant planning model to be the minimum sum of annual investment cost and annual operation cost of the electric-gas bidirectional energy flow system according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003143941130000041
wherein ,Ctotal Is the sum of annual investment costs and annual operating costs, T is the return on investment years, r is interest rate, C ihv Is the total cost of investment C op Is annual operating cost.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
taking the sum of the investment cost of the power system, the investment cost of the natural gas system and the investment cost of the P2G plant as the investment total cost, calculating the investment total cost by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003143941130000042
wherein ,Cinv Is the total cost of investment E L Is a power line set, G L Is a natural gas line set, P G Is a set of P2G plant stations,
Figure BDA0003143941130000043
is the investment cost of newly built power line +.>
Figure BDA0003143941130000044
Is the investment cost of the natural gas line p, +.>
Figure BDA0003143941130000045
Is investment cost of newly built P2G station n, < - >
Figure BDA0003143941130000046
Is the state of construction of the power line l, +.>
Figure BDA0003143941130000047
Is the state of construction of the natural gas line p, < >>
Figure BDA0003143941130000048
Is the construction state of the P2G station n.
Wherein, the project state 1 may represent a project, and the project state 0 may represent a non-project.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
taking the sum of the annual wind power output cost, the annual operation cost of the P2G plant station, the annual wind abandoning cost, the annual output cost of the traditional generator set and the annual output cost of the gas well as the annual operation cost, and calculating the annual operation cost through the following formula:
Figure BDA0003143941130000049
wherein ,
Figure BDA00031439411300000410
is wind power annual output cost->
Figure BDA00031439411300000411
Is the annual operation cost of the P2G plant station, < >>
Figure BDA00031439411300000412
Is the annual wind-abandoning cost,
Figure BDA0003143941130000051
Is the annual output cost of the traditional generator set, < >>
Figure BDA0003143941130000052
Is the annual output cost of the gas well.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
according to the capacity of the wind turbine, the unit wind discarding cost of the wind turbine, the unit output size at the moment t of the wind turbine and the power load size at the moment t, calculating the annual wind discarding cost:
Figure BDA0003143941130000053
wherein ,
Figure BDA0003143941130000054
is annual wind-abandoning cost, N days Is the total number of days of the year, W D Is a collection of wind turbine generators, < >>
Figure BDA0003143941130000055
Is the unit wind discarding cost of the wind turbine generator a, < >>
Figure BDA0003143941130000056
Is the output size, P of a typical wind turbine generator set a at the time t load (t) is the typical day t time power load size;
according to the capacity of the wind turbine and the unit output cost of the wind turbine, calculating the annual output cost of wind power according to the unit output of the wind turbine at the moment t:
Figure BDA0003143941130000057
wherein ,
Figure BDA0003143941130000058
is the annual output cost of wind power, N days Is the total number of days of the year, W D Is the collection of the wind turbine generator,
Figure BDA0003143941130000059
is the unit output cost of the wind turbine generator system a, < >>
Figure BDA00031439411300000510
The output of the wind turbine generator system a at the time of the typical day t is;
according to the capacity of the traditional generator set, the unit output cost of the traditional generator set and the unit output of the traditional generator set at the moment t, calculating the annual output cost of the traditional generator set:
Figure BDA00031439411300000511
wherein ,
Figure BDA00031439411300000512
is the annual output cost of the traditional generator set, N days Is the total number of days of the year, W G Is a set of traditional generator sets, +.>
Figure BDA00031439411300000513
Is the unit output cost of the traditional generator set b, < >>
Figure BDA00031439411300000514
The output of the traditional generator set b at the time of the typical day t is;
Figure BDA00031439411300000515
according to the capacity of the gas well, the unit output cost of the gas source point and the unit output size of the gas source point at the moment t, the annual output cost of the gas well is calculated:
wherein ,
Figure BDA0003143941130000061
is the annual output cost of the gas well, N days Is the total number of days of the year, W S Is a collection of gas wells>
Figure BDA0003143941130000062
Is the unit output cost of the air source point c, < >>
Figure BDA0003143941130000063
The output of the air source point c at the time of the typical day t is; the annual output cost of the gas well, namely annual gas purchasing cost;
and calculating the annual running cost of the P2G station according to the capacity of the P2G station.
According to the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention provides a comprehensive energy system P2G plant planning method applicable to bidirectional energy flow, an integrated energy system model comprising a power system, a natural gas system and an electric-gas bidirectional energy flow system is established, an objective function and constraint conditions are set by using the P2G plant optimization planning model, the sum of annual investment cost and annual operation cost is taken as the objective function, and the P2G plant optimization planning model is solved according to the physical tide relation in the integrated energy system model to determine the capacity of the P2G plant in the integrated energy system. The wind discarding quantity is converted into the calculable wind discarding cost, and the calculated wind discarding cost and the economic benefit cost are comprehensively considered, so that the minimum wind waste and the maximum economic benefit are simultaneously achieved, the capacity of the P2G plant can be reasonably and efficiently planned, and the comprehensive energy system can obtain better economic benefit on the premise of maximally absorbing the surplus wind power.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of steps of a planning method for a comprehensive energy system P2G plant station applicable to bidirectional energy flow, which is provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of energy connection of an integrated energy system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of typical daily operating loads and outputs of an integrated energy system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a typical solar and wind power utilization of an integrated energy system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a step of solving a P2G plant optimization planning model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of a comprehensive energy system P2G plant planning apparatus adapted to bidirectional energy flow according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The P2G technology is a renewable energy power generation technology that converts electricity into gas energy. In a narrow sense, surplus power generated by wind power generation, solar power generation and the like is electrolyzed to generate hydrogen or methane, which is then supplied to an existing gas pipeline network. The P2G technology mainly includes 2 classes: one is an electrotransport hydrogen technology, in which water is decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen by an electrolytic reaction. Another is the electromethane technology, i.e., water is first decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen by an electrolytic reaction, and then hydrogen and carbon dioxide are reacted to synthesize methane. The reaction efficiency of the electric hydrogen conversion technology is higher than that of the electric methane conversion technology, but because hydrogen is injected into the existing natural gas pipeline to cause the phenomena of pipeline hydrogen embrittlement and permeation, the natural gas pipeline cannot be injected in a large scale, and methane can be directly injected into the natural gas pipeline and a storage device, so that the large-scale storage and long-distance transportation of energy sources are realized. Thus, the electric gas conversion technology in integrated energy systems is generally referred to as electric methane conversion technology, which provides a new idea for mass storage and utilization of renewable energy sources: the surplus electric energy is converted into artificial natural gas through the P2G equipment, the artificial natural gas is injected into a natural gas network for storage and transmission, and the capacity of the system for receiving intermittent renewable energy sources to generate electricity is improved by coordinating the operation between the electric power system and the natural gas network. Thus, P2G technology is an energy conversion hub in a grid and air network bi-directional energy flow system.
The related art research on an electric-gas bidirectional energy flow system mainly focuses on two aspects of collaborative planning and joint operation. The common practice is to plan and schedule a plurality of energy sources in the whole energy system with the aim of reducing investment cost and increasing operation benefit, so that the economy of the energy system can be improved to a certain extent. However, the inventor found that, although the related art relates to planning of the capacity of the P2G plant, since planning is generally performed with the overall economy of the energy system as the target, the contradiction between the excessive wind power consumption level of the system and the building economy of the P2G plant is not considered, a great deal of waste wind is easily caused or caused by insufficient capacity of the P2G plant, or the cost of building and maintenance is excessively high due to excessive capacity of the P2G plant. Therefore, the inventor considers that on the basis of the scale of the existing wind power plant and the utilization rate of wind power, comprehensively considers the waste and the total cost of wind power, plans the capacity of the P2G plant in the bidirectional energy flow comprehensive energy system, can obtain better economic benefit on the premise of absorbing the excessive wind power as much as possible, and has practical significance in practical application.
In view of the above analysis, the present embodiment provides a comprehensive energy system P2G plant planning method applicable to bidirectional energy flow, by establishing a comprehensive energy system model including a power system, a natural gas system and an electric-gas bidirectional energy flow system, setting an objective function and constraint conditions by using the P2G plant optimization planning model, and solving the P2G plant optimization planning model according to a physical tide relationship in the comprehensive energy system model by taking the sum of annual investment cost and annual operation cost as the objective function, thereby determining the capacity of the P2G plant in the comprehensive energy system. The wind discarding quantity is converted into the calculable wind discarding cost, and the calculated wind discarding cost and the economic benefit cost are comprehensively considered, so that the minimum wind waste and the maximum economic benefit are simultaneously achieved, the capacity of the P2G plant can be reasonably and efficiently planned, and the comprehensive energy system can obtain better economic benefit on the premise of maximally absorbing the surplus wind power.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a comprehensive energy system P2G plant planning method suitable for bidirectional energy flow according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the steps of:
s31, respectively establishing a power system model, a natural gas system model and a bidirectional energy flow system model aiming at a power system, a natural gas system and a bidirectional energy flow system in the comprehensive energy system, and establishing a P2G plant station optimization planning model; the power system model is used for representing a power flow equation of a power system, the natural gas system model is used for representing a natural gas flow equation of the natural gas system, the bidirectional energy flow system model is used for representing an energy conversion relation of electric power conversion and an energy conversion relation of gas conversion, and the P2G plant station optimization planning model is used for setting an objective function and constraint conditions.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is an energy connection schematic diagram of an integrated energy system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment proposes to simulate the energy connection relationship of the integrated energy system, where Q is a natural gas source, G4 is a gas combustion engine, G2 is a fan, G3 is an electric power generator set, and G1 is a conventional generator set. The rest N1/2/3 … …, T1/2/3 … … and B1/2/3 … … are nodes in the integrated energy system. The embodiment can simulate based on the energy connection relation of the comprehensive energy system, and further respectively establish a power system model, a natural gas system model and a bidirectional energy flow system model, so that abstract simplification of the comprehensive energy system is realized; after modeling, the system can be brought into an IEEE node standard distribution system to calculate, and the capacity and line impedance of each energy source body are input into the node system to obtain the power and gas flow of electricity and gas in the node system, so that the formed node system meets the operation constraint of the system. The power system model, the natural gas system model and the bidirectional energy flow system model form the whole system, and based on a certain conversion coefficient, the energy conservation and the tide constraint of the system are met.
The power system and the natural gas system realize conversion between gas energy and electric energy through a bidirectional energy flow system. The bidirectional energy flow system at least comprises equipment for converting gas energy into electric energy and equipment for converting electric energy into gas energy. The equipment for converting the gas energy into the electric energy can be a gas unit; the device for converting electric energy into gas energy can be a P2G station.
Wherein the objective function may include reducing the amount of air discarded and reducing the cost. Specifically, the wind curtailment cost and the gas purchase cost can be considered as part of the operation cost, and the sum of the investment cost and the operation cost can be considered as an objective function.
The traditional electric-gas energy flow system only depends on a gas unit to realize unidirectional flow of energy from electric energy to gas energy, and the P2G technology is adopted to convert the electric-gas system from the electric energy to the gas energy into a closed-loop bidirectional energy flow system containing gas-to-electricity and electric-to-gas, so that the interactivity among different energy systems is improved, and the reasonable distribution of energy supply is facilitated.
The embodiment of the invention divides the comprehensive energy system comprising the electric-gas bidirectional energy flow into the electric power system, the natural gas system and the bidirectional energy flow system so as to establish a corresponding model, thereby being convenient for realizing the further calculation aiming at the model trend. The embodiment also establishes a P2G plant station optimization planning model aiming at one of the P2G capacity solutions in the bidirectional energy flow system, and is used for calculating the optimal P2G capacity on the basis of the existing wind power plant scale and wind power utilization rate so as to obtain better economic benefit on the premise of minimizing the waste of wind power. The capacity of the P2G plant, i.e. the power of the P2G plant, is used to characterize the size of the P2G plant.
In this embodiment, the power generation amount of the power system may be divided into wind power output and generator output, where the generator may be a conventional generator that can stably and continuously generate electricity, such as a coal-fired generator. In order to facilitate the solution of the P2G plant optimization planning model, the embodiment of the present invention regards the energy conversion relationship implemented by using the bidirectional energy flow system between the power system and the natural gas system as a power flow relationship, so in an optional implementation manner, the present invention further provides a method for building a power system model according to the power flow relationship, including:
under the condition that the comprehensive energy system comprises wind power output and generator output, establishing a tide equation of the power system:
Figure BDA0003143941130000101
Figure BDA0003143941130000102
wherein ,Pg,i Is the active power of the injection node i of the generator set, P w,i Is the active power of the injection node i of the wind turbine generator, Q g,i Is the reactive power injected into node i by the generator set, node j is all nodes connected with node i, G ij Is the conductance in the system, B ij Is susceptance, θ in the system ij Is the phase angle difference between node i and node j, V j Is the voltage of node j, V i Is the voltage at node i.
The inventor considers that the number of fans determines the electric energy output of the electric field in the construction process of the actual wind power field. Therefore, in order to further facilitate the solving and calculating of the P2G plant optimization planning model, in this embodiment, the output of the plurality of wind motors may be further calculated as the output of a single wind motor for the wind power generation model.
Further, the embodiment of the invention also provides a method for obtaining the generated energy of the single wind motor, which comprises the following steps:
1) Under the condition that the real-time speed of the fan is smaller than the cut-in speed, the output force of a single fan motor is 0;
2) Under the condition that the real-time speed of the fan is smaller than or equal to the cutting-out speed and larger than or equal to the rated speed, the output force of a single fan motor is the rated output power;
3) Under the condition that the real-time speed of the fan is larger than the cutting-out speed, the output force of a single fan motor is 0;
4) Under the condition that the real-time speed of the fan is smaller than or equal to the rated speed and larger than or equal to the cutting-in speed, the following formula is used for calculating the output of the single fan motor according to the following formula:
P w ＝α+βv 3
wherein ,Pw Is the output of a single wind motor, alpha is a deviation value, beta is a gradient value, and v is the real-time speed of the fan.
Likewise, the embodiment of the invention also provides a method for establishing a natural gas system model according to the tide relation, which comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003143941130000111
Figure BDA0003143941130000112
Figure BDA0003143941130000113
establishing an equation describing the relationship between the power flow in the natural gas pipeline and the node air pressure:
wherein ,Fuv For natural gas pipeline flow, sgn (pi u ,π v ) As a sign function, pi u Is the pressure at the pipeline node u, pi v Is the pressure at the pipeline node v, C uv For the pipeline constant of the pipeline between pipeline node u and pipeline node v, π u Is the lower pressure limit at the pipe node u,
Figure BDA0003143941130000114
is the upper pressure limit at the pipe node u.
In this embodiment, the node air pressure is used to describe the tidal current relationship in the natural gas pipeline, so that the flow of each place in the natural gas pipeline can be described, thereby being beneficial to completing the establishment of the tidal current relationship between the natural gas system and the power system and solving the optimal planning model for the P2G plant.
Because the gas yield of the natural gas source can be limited by the capacity of the equipment and the gas well pressure, the natural gas yield produced by the natural gas source in unit time has upper and lower limits, and in an alternative embodiment, the natural gas system model can also describe the gas yield of the natural gas source according to the capacity of the equipment and the limitation of the gas well pressure
Figure BDA0003143941130000115
wherein ,
Figure BDA0003143941130000116
is the air output of the air supply source s at the time t, < >>
Figure BDA0003143941130000117
Is the upper limit value of the air output of the air supply source s,
Figure BDA0003143941130000118
is the lower limit value of the air outlet quantity of the air supply source s.
Through the embodiment, the gas production amount of the natural gas source is limited, and the tidal current relation of the natural gas system can be further accurately described.
The inventor considers that the energy flow in the natural gas is similar to that of an electric power system, the node flow in the gas pipeline also follows the energy conservation principle, and the tidal current relationship in the natural gas system can be further enriched based on the principle, so that the accuracy of solving the P2G plant optimizing planning model is improved. Thus, in this embodiment, the natural gas system model may further include a node gas balance equation expressed by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003143941130000121
wherein ,
Figure BDA0003143941130000122
is the air supply quantity of the air source at the node u, < ->
Figure BDA0003143941130000123
Is the gas production to the P2G device at node u,
Figure BDA0003143941130000124
is the gas demand for the gas pipe network at the node u>
Figure BDA0003143941130000125
Is the gas consumption of the gas unit at node u,/-)>
Figure BDA0003143941130000126
Is the gas flow from node u to node v.
Flowing in the natural gas system is natural gas, which is typically expressed in terms of volume; the electric power system is actually charged, and the electric quantity can be represented in various forms such as an electric charge quantity, electric power work and the like. The inventor considers that when the P2G plant optimization planning model is solved later, the energy is used as a variable for cost calculation, and the physical power flow relationship between the natural gas system and the electric power system is expressed by the energy unit, so that the follow-up calculation can be facilitated more. Accordingly, in an alternative embodiment, the present invention further provides a method for building a model of a bi-directional energy flow system based on energy conversion relationships, comprising:
according to a chemical reaction formula of an electric conversion technology, an energy conversion relation from electric energy to gas energy is established:
Figure BDA0003143941130000127
wherein ,
Figure BDA0003143941130000128
is the power consumption of the P2G station at time t,/->
Figure BDA0003143941130000129
Is the natural gas flow generated by a t-moment bidirectional energy flow system, alpha gas Is the unit conversion coefficient of electric energy and natural gas flow, eta p2g The energy conversion efficiency of the P2G plant station;
according to a chemical reaction formula of the gas-to-electricity technology, an energy conversion relation that gas energy is converted into electric energy is established:
P i,t,gas ＝η G2P ×GL i,t,gas
wherein ,Pi,t,gas Is the gas turbine at time tMechanical power generation quantity eta G2P The conversion efficiency of the gas turbine is that G is the natural gas flow, and L is the unit conversion coefficient of converting the natural gas into electric energy.
Specifically, considering that the fuel gas in the natural gas pipeline is mainly methane in the embodiment, the P2G plant station converts electric energy into methane, so in the embodiment, an energy conversion relation can be established for the following chemical reaction formula for generating methane by electrolyzing water and carbon dioxide:
Figure BDA0003143941130000131
CO 2 +4H 2 →CH 4 +2H 2 O
Figure BDA0003143941130000132
the conversion efficiency of the P2G plant is limited when the plant works normally. Thus, in this embodiment, the bi-directional energy flow system model may also describe the limits of the electrical power required for the P2G plant to operate according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003143941130000133
wherein ,
Figure BDA0003143941130000134
is the electric power required by the P2G station at time t,/and>
Figure BDA0003143941130000135
is the minimum electric power required by the normal operation of the P2G station, and is +.>
Figure BDA0003143941130000136
Is the maximum electric power required by the normal operation of the P2G plant.
By describing the limitation of the electric power required by the operation of the P2G plant through the embodiment, the tidal current conversion relationship between the natural gas and the electric energy realized in the bidirectional energy flow system model can be enriched further according to the actual situation of the P2G plant.
The bidirectional energy flow system model in the above embodiment describes the conversion relationship of electric energy to natural gas energy, and in another energy conversion of the bidirectional energy flow system model, the conversion relationship of natural gas energy to electric energy is also included, and the conversion of natural gas energy to electric energy is usually completed by a gas turbine unit. Thus, in an alternative embodiment, the bi-directional energy flow system model further comprises: the gas unit conversion model at least comprises an energy conversion relation that gas energy is converted into electric energy:
P i,t,gas ＝η G2P ×GL i,t,gas
wherein ,Pi,t,gas The power generation amount eta of the gas turbine at the time t G2P The conversion efficiency of the gas turbine is that G is the natural gas flow, and L is the unit conversion coefficient of converting the natural gas into electric energy.
Specifically, the gas turbine in the gas turbine unit generates electricity through natural gas, the gas turbine unit is an energy supply end for an electric power system, the gas turbine unit is an energy consumption end for the natural gas system, and the electric energy output of the gas turbine unit is in direct proportion to the consumption of the natural gas.
In order to fully consider the consumption rate of wind power and the overall economic benefit of the comprehensive energy system, in the embodiment, the waste of wind power is counted as the wind discarding cost, and the cost of the natural gas which is used for compensating the loss of the part is counted as the gas purchasing cost. In order to further improve the accuracy of planning and solving, the embodiment also considers the loss and the practical service life of the equipment in the time dimension, calculates the cost by taking the year as a time unit, divides the total cost into the annual investment cost and the annual operation cost, and counts the annual wind abandoning cost and the annual gas purchasing cost into the annual operation cost. Therefore, in an optional embodiment, the present invention further provides a method for establishing a P2G plant optimization planning model, including:
Setting an objective function of a P2G plant planning model to be the minimum sum of annual investment cost and annual operation cost of the electric-gas bidirectional energy flow system according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003143941130000141
wherein ,Ctotal Is the sum of annual investment costs and annual operating costs, T is the return on investment years, r is interest rate, C inv Is the total cost of investment C op Is annual operating cost.
In this embodiment, considering that the wear rate of the equipment is reduced year by year, the annual investment costs are different, so that the sum of the annual investment costs and the annual operation costs is calculated, the cost can be reflected more accurately, meanwhile, considering that the cost sum can be realized in advance of the current year, the influence of interest rate is introduced, and the accurate planning of the capacity of the P2G plant is further realized.
Illustratively, the return on investment period may be set to 15 and the interest rate may be set to 5%.
In this embodiment, the constraint condition is used to constrain each energy body in the integrated energy system, so as to implement planning of the capacity of the P2G plant under a reasonable constraint condition. The constraint conditions may specifically include: power system constraints, natural gas system constraints, and wind farm output constraints.
Further, setting constraint conditions of the power system may specifically include:
Setting a generator output constraint, a power system node voltage constraint and a line power constraint according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003143941130000142
Figure BDA0003143941130000143
Figure BDA0003143941130000144
wherein ,AL For a collection of all of the generator sets,
Figure BDA0003143941130000145
is the a-th generator set output in the collection at the time t of the typical day, +.>
Figure BDA0003143941130000146
Is the lower limit value of the output of the a-th generator set in the collection, < >>
Figure BDA0003143941130000147
Is the upper limit value of the output of the a-th generator set in the collection;
Figure BDA0003143941130000151
is the upper voltage limit value at node i in the power system, V i (t) is the voltage value at node i in the power system at time t of the typical day,/->
Figure BDA0003143941130000152
Is the lower voltage limit at node i in the power system;
Figure BDA0003143941130000153
is the upper power limit value, P, of the transmission line between the node i and the node j of the power system ij (t) is the power of the transmission line between node i and node j of the power system at time t of the typical day,/>
Figure BDA0003143941130000154
Is the lower power limit value of the transmission line between the node i and the node j of the power system.
In this embodiment, a power system load flow balance constraint may also be set according to a load flow equation of the power system.
Further, setting the constraint condition of the natural gas system includes: setting a network node pressure constraint and a pipeline flow constraint in the natural gas system according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003143941130000155
Figure BDA0003143941130000156
wherein ,
Figure BDA0003143941130000157
is the minimum pressure of the system node u, pi u (t) is the pressure value of the system node u at the time of the typical day t,/>
Figure BDA0003143941130000158
Is the maximum pressure of the system node u;
Figure BDA0003143941130000159
is the upper limit value of the flow rate between uv and f of the gas pipeline uv (t) is the flow value between the air supply lines uv at the time of the typical day t,/->
Figure BDA00031439411300001510
Is the lower flow limit value between the gas pipelines uv.
In this embodiment, a flow balance constraint in the natural gas system may also be set according to a relationship between the tidal current in the natural gas pipeline and the node air pressure.
Further, establishing constraint conditions of wind farm output includes:
Figure BDA00031439411300001511
Figure BDA00031439411300001512
Figure BDA00031439411300001513
wherein ,Pw (t) is the output of a single wind turbine generator at the time t,
Figure BDA00031439411300001514
the upper limit value of the output of the single wind turbine generator at the time t is set;
G p2g (t) is the output of the P2G station at the time t,
Figure BDA00031439411300001515
the upper limit value of the output of the P2G factory station at the time t is set;
Figure BDA00031439411300001516
is the power of wind power fed into the P2G unit, < >>
Figure BDA00031439411300001517
Is the power of wind power on the internet at the time t, < >>
Figure BDA00031439411300001518
Is the total wind power output at the moment t.
The time t in the above embodiment may be understood as a period of time in a typical day, and may specifically be in units of hours. The typical day can be one day which is most in line with the use condition of each energy body in the actual operation of the comprehensive energy system in most cases, and can also be a virtual day generated by fitting the use condition of each energy body in the actual operation of the comprehensive energy system in multiple days.
S32, solving the P2G plant optimization planning model by taking the minimum sum of annual investment cost and annual operation cost of the comprehensive energy system as an objective function and based on a physical power flow relationship among the electric power system model, the natural gas system model and the bidirectional energy flow system model to obtain the capacity of the P2G plant in the comprehensive energy system; wherein the annual operating cost includes at least: annual wind abandoning cost and annual gas purchasing cost.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of typical daily operation load and output of an integrated energy system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, based on the reference value of the typical day, in this embodiment, the power load condition, the wind power output condition, and the natural gas load condition at each moment may be obtained according to the condition of the integrated energy system running on the typical day. In this embodiment, the power load condition, the wind power output condition, and the natural gas load condition at each moment may be used as parameter variables for solving the P2G plant optimization planning model. The wind power utilization rate can be further obtained through the power load condition, the wind power output condition and the natural gas load condition.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a typical solar-wind power utilization rate of an integrated energy system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, based on the reference value of the typical day, in this embodiment, the wind power utilization rate may also be used as a parameter variable for solving the P2G plant optimization planning model. And after the P2G plant station optimization planning model is solved, the typical solar wind power utilization rate can be used as a reference, and the higher the wind power utilization rate is, the higher the wind power absorption capacity of the wind power plant is, the less the wind abandon is, and the lower the wind power wave rate is.
In this embodiment, the established P2G plant optimization planning model may be set as a nonlinear optimization problem, and an intelligent optimization algorithm of particle swarm optimization (Partical Swarm Optimization, PSO) is adopted to solve the problem, so as to achieve more efficient solution. Accordingly, in an alternative embodiment, the present invention further provides a method for solving a P2G plant optimization planning model, including:
initializing a particle swarm, and randomly generating the capacity of a P2G station;
and calculating the power flow and the gas flow in a coupling system in a physical power flow relation space formed among the electric power system model, the natural gas system model and the bidirectional energy flow system model by using particles as an objective function and a particle swarm optimization algorithm, wherein the minimum sum of annual investment cost and annual operation cost of the comprehensive energy system is used, and the optimal solution is searched through iterative update of the speed and the position of each particle to obtain the capacity of the P2G plant in the comprehensive energy system.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a step of outputting an optimal P2G capacity value according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, specifically, the outputting at least one optimal value through the iterative updating of the velocity and the position of each particle specifically includes:
s41, setting basic conditions such as population scale, iteration number and the like;
s42, initializing a particle swarm, and randomly generating the capacity of the P2G station;
s43, calculating the power flow and the gas flow in the coupling system by each particle;
s44, calculating the fitness value of each particle by using the objective function; whether the constraint is satisfied; if yes, go to S45; if not, enter S46;
s45, storing the fitness value of the current particle, and entering 47;
s46, giving a maximum fitness value to the particles, and entering S47;
s47, obtaining a pbest and a gbset according to the fitness value;
s48, updating the position and the speed of the particles by using a position updating formula;
s49, whether the maximum iteration number is reached; if yes, outputting the optimal capacity of the P2G plant station; if not, the process advances to S43.
According to the embodiment, the objective function is abstracted into a mathematical problem, namely, an optimal solution is solved in one domain, the variable is the capacity of the P2G plant, the strain is the minimum cost, and variable parameters in the model are set according to typical daily operation conditions, wind power scale, wind power utilization rate and the like of the existing comprehensive energy system and are brought into the objective function, so that the capacity of the P2G plant with the minimum cost for wind disposal can be obtained efficiently.
The above embodiment uses a location update formula to iteratively update the speed and location of each particle to output the optimal capacity of the P2G plant. Further, in an alternative embodiment, the present invention also provides a method for iteratively updating the velocity and position of each particle, comprising:
iteratively updating the velocity and position of each particle by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003143941130000181
Figure BDA0003143941130000182
wherein ω is an inertial factor, c 1 ,c 2 Represent learning factor, r 1 ,r 2 Is a random number between 0 and 1, pbest is the individual extremum for each particle, gbset is the global extremum for the whole particle population, V is the velocity variable, and X is the position variable.
In the above embodiment, the objective function may be set by the P2G plant optimization planning model to be the smallest sum of annual investment costs and annual operation costs, and the annual investment costs may be obtained from the total investment costs.
Further, in an alternative embodiment, the instant invention also provides a method of calculating a total cost of investment comprising:
taking the sum of the investment cost of the power system, the investment cost of the natural gas system and the investment cost of the P2G plant as the investment total cost, calculating the investment total cost by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003143941130000183
wherein ,Cinv Is the total cost of investment E L Is a power line set, G L Is a natural gas line set, P G Is a set of P2G plant stations,
Figure BDA0003143941130000184
is the investment cost of newly built power line +.>
Figure BDA0003143941130000185
Is the investment cost of the natural gas line p, +.>
Figure BDA0003143941130000186
Is investment cost of newly built P2G station n, < ->
Figure BDA0003143941130000187
Is the state of construction of the power line l, +.>
Figure BDA0003143941130000188
Is the state of construction of the natural gas line p, < >>
Figure BDA0003143941130000189
Is the construction state of the P2G station n.
Since the investment cost is related to the equipment, the present embodiment introduces the investment states of the power line, the natural gas line and the P2G plant equipment into the investment states of the lines and the equipment respectively, and calculates the sum of the investment cost of the power system, the investment cost of the natural gas system and the investment cost of the P2G plant as the investment cost.
Considering the operational use of P2G plants, wind power, conventional generator sets, gas well output as natural gas source are major operational costs, in an alternative embodiment, the invention also provides a method of calculating annual operational costs comprising:
taking the sum of the annual wind power output cost, the annual operation cost of the P2G plant station, the annual wind abandoning cost, the annual output cost of the traditional generator set and the annual output cost of the gas well as the annual operation cost, and calculating the annual operation cost through the following formula:
Figure BDA0003143941130000191
wherein ,
Figure BDA0003143941130000192
is wind power annual output cost->
Figure BDA0003143941130000193
Is the annual operation cost of the P2G plant station, < >>
Figure BDA0003143941130000194
Is the annual wind-abandoning cost,
Figure BDA0003143941130000195
Is the annual output cost of the traditional generator set, < >>
Figure BDA0003143941130000196
Is the annual output cost of the gas well.
The P2G unit and the gas unit can be regarded as natural gas sources and loads, so that the gas well output can be regarded as the sum of all natural gas node loads.
Further, the embodiment of the invention also provides a method for calculating annual waste wind cost, which comprises the following steps:
according to the capacity of the wind turbine, the unit wind discarding cost of the wind turbine, the unit output size at the moment t of the wind turbine and the power load size at the moment t, calculating the annual wind discarding cost:
Figure BDA0003143941130000197
wherein ,
Figure BDA0003143941130000198
is annual wind-abandoning cost, N days Is the total number of days of the year, W D Is a collection of wind turbine generators, < >>
Figure BDA0003143941130000199
Is the unit wind discarding cost of the wind turbine generator a, < >>
Figure BDA00031439411300001910
Is the output size, P of a typical wind turbine generator set a at the time t load And (t) is the power load size at the time of a typical day t.
Further, the embodiment of the invention also provides a method for calculating the annual output cost of wind power, which comprises the following steps:
according to the capacity of the wind turbine and the unit output cost of the wind turbine, calculating the annual output cost of wind power according to the unit output of the wind turbine at the moment t:
Figure BDA00031439411300001911
wherein ,
Figure BDA00031439411300001912
Is the annual output cost of wind power, N days Is the total number of days of the year, W D Is the collection of the wind turbine generator,
Figure BDA00031439411300001913
is the unit output cost of the wind turbine generator system a, < >>
Figure BDA00031439411300001914
The output of the wind turbine generator set a at the time of the typical day t is.
Further, the embodiment of the invention also provides a method for calculating annual output cost of the traditional generator set, which comprises the following steps:
according to the capacity of the traditional generator set, the unit output cost of the traditional generator set and the unit output of the traditional generator set at the moment t, calculating the annual output cost of the traditional generator set:
Figure BDA0003143941130000201
wherein ,
Figure BDA0003143941130000202
is the annual output cost of the traditional generator set, N days Is the total number of days of the year, W G Is a set of traditional generator sets, +.>
Figure BDA0003143941130000203
Is the unit output cost of the traditional generator set b, < >>
Figure BDA0003143941130000204
Is the output of the traditional generator set b at the time of the typical day t.
Further, the embodiment of the invention also provides a method for calculating annual output cost of a gas well, which comprises the following steps:
according to the capacity of the gas well, the unit output cost of the gas source point and the unit output size of the gas source point at the moment t, the annual output cost of the gas well is calculated:
Figure BDA0003143941130000205
wherein ,
Figure BDA0003143941130000206
is the annual output cost of the gas well, N days Is the total number of days of the year, W S Is a collection of gas wells>
Figure BDA0003143941130000207
Is the unit output cost of the air source point c, < > >
Figure BDA0003143941130000208
The output of the air source point c at the time of the typical day t is; among these, gas well annual output costs, i.e., annual gas purchase costs.
Furthermore, the embodiment of the invention can also calculate the annual running cost of the P2G station according to the capacity of the P2G station. Illustratively, the annual operating cost of the P2G plant is set to 10% of the investment cost of the P2G plant according to the capacity scale of the P2G plant.
The annual operating costs of the P2G plant may include carbon capture costs of the P2G plant.
Through the embodiment, the invention solves the problem of electric energy consumption of the existing wind power generation field, and solves the contradiction between higher investment running cost and better wind power consumption level of the bidirectional energy flow system while maximizing the consumption of the surplus wind power and improving the new energy utilization rate of the system, so that the comprehensive energy system after planning and constructing the capacity of the P2G unit has better economy while consuming the surplus wind power as much as possible. The invention optimally plans the P2G plant stations, can promote reasonable resource allocation, and effectively has positive influence on environmental protection and energy supply.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a block diagram of a comprehensive energy system P2G plant planning apparatus suitable for bidirectional energy flow according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, another embodiment of the present invention provides a comprehensive energy system P2G plant planning apparatus for bi-directional energy flow, based on the same inventive concept, the apparatus comprising:
The model building module 61 is configured to build a power system model, a natural gas system model, a bidirectional energy flow system model, and a P2G plant optimization planning model for a power system, a natural gas system, and a bidirectional energy flow system in the integrated energy system, respectively; the power system model is used for representing a power flow equation of a power system, the natural gas system model is used for representing a natural gas flow equation of the natural gas system, the bidirectional energy flow system model is used for representing an energy conversion relation of electric power conversion and an energy conversion relation of gas power conversion, and the P2G plant optimization planning model is used for setting an objective function and constraint conditions;
an optimization solving module 62, configured to solve the P2G plant optimization planning model based on a physical power flow relationship existing among the electric power system model, the natural gas system model, and the bidirectional energy flow system model with a sum of annual investment cost and annual operation cost of the integrated energy system being a minimum objective function, so as to obtain a capacity of a P2G plant in the integrated energy system; wherein the annual operating cost includes at least: annual wind abandoning cost and annual gas purchasing cost.
Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of the present invention provides a readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to any of the embodiments described above.
Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor performs the steps in the method described in any of the above embodiments.
For the device embodiments, since they are substantially similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and reference is made to the description of the method embodiments for relevant points.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive or illustrative manner, and each embodiment is mainly described by the differences from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are mutually referred.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, apparatus, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present embodiments may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, embodiments of the present application may take the form of a computer program product on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
Embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus, and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing terminal device to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing terminal device, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While preferred embodiments of the present embodiments have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.
Finally, it is further noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or terminal device comprising the element.
The above description of the above embodiment is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present application; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have modifications in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present application, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present application in view of the above.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a comprehensive energy system P2G station planning method suitable for two-way energy flow, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
aiming at a power system, a natural gas system and a bidirectional energy flow system in the comprehensive energy system, respectively establishing a power system model, a natural gas system model and a bidirectional energy flow system model, and establishing a P2G plant station optimization planning model; the power system model is used for representing a power flow equation of a power system, the natural gas system model is used for representing a natural gas flow equation of the natural gas system, the bidirectional energy flow system model is used for representing an energy conversion relation of electric power conversion and an energy conversion relation of gas power conversion, and the P2G plant optimization planning model is used for setting an objective function and constraint conditions;
The method comprises the steps of establishing a power system model, wherein the power system model comprises the step of establishing a power flow equation of the power system under the condition that the comprehensive energy system comprises wind power output and generator output:
Figure FDA0004125443230000011
Figure FDA0004125443230000012
wherein ,Pg,i Is the active power of the injection node i of the generator set, P w,i Is the active power of the injection node i of the wind turbine generator, Q g,i Is the reactive power injected into node i by the generator set, node j is all nodes connected with node i, G ij Is the conductance in the system, B ij Is susceptance, θ in the system ij Is the phase angle difference between node i and node j, V j Is the voltage of node j, V i Is the voltage at node i;
establishing the natural gas system model, including establishing an equation describing the relationship between power flow and node air pressure in a natural gas pipeline:
Figure FDA0004125443230000013
Figure FDA0004125443230000014
Figure FDA0004125443230000015
wherein ,Fuv For natural gas pipeline flow, sgn (pi u ,π v ) As a sign function, pi u Is the pressure at the pipeline node u, pi v Is the pressure at the pipeline node v, C uv For the pipeline constant of the pipeline between pipeline node u and pipeline node v,π u is the lower pressure limit at the pipe node u,
Figure FDA0004125443230000016
is the upper pressure limit at the pipe node u;
the bidirectional energy flow system model is built, and an energy conversion relation from electric energy to gas energy is built according to a chemical reaction formula of an electric gas conversion technology:
Figure FDA0004125443230000021
wherein ,
Figure FDA0004125443230000022
at tElectric energy consumption of P2G station>
Figure FDA0004125443230000023
Is the natural gas flow generated by a t-moment bidirectional energy flow system, alpha gas Is the unit conversion coefficient of electric energy and natural gas flow, eta p2g The energy conversion efficiency of the P2G plant station;
according to a chemical reaction formula of the gas-to-electricity technology, an energy conversion relation that gas energy is converted into electric energy is established:
P i,t,gas ＝η G2P ×GL i,t,gas
wherein ,Pi,t,gas The power generation amount eta of the gas turbine at the time t G2P Is the conversion efficiency of the gas turbine, G is natural gas flow, L i,t,gas The unit conversion coefficient is used for converting natural gas into electric energy;
taking the minimum sum of annual investment cost and annual operation cost of the comprehensive energy system as an objective function, and solving the P2G plant optimization planning model based on a physical power flow relationship among the electric power system model, the natural gas system model and the bidirectional energy flow system model to obtain the capacity of the P2G plant in the comprehensive energy system;
wherein the annual operating cost includes at least: annual wind abandoning cost and annual gas purchasing cost.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein solving the P2G plant optimization planning model based on a physical power flow relationship existing among the power system model, the natural gas system model, and the bi-directional energy flow system model with a sum of annual investment cost and annual operation cost of the integrated energy system as an objective function, comprises:
Initializing a particle swarm, and randomly generating the capacity of a P2G station;
and calculating the power flow and the gas flow in a coupling system in a physical power flow relation space formed among the electric power system model, the natural gas system model and the bidirectional energy flow system model by using particles as an objective function and a particle swarm optimization algorithm, wherein the minimum sum of annual investment cost and annual operation cost of the comprehensive energy system is used, and the optimal solution is searched through iterative update of the speed and the position of each particle to obtain the capacity of the P2G plant in the comprehensive energy system.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein building a P2G plant optimization planning model comprises:
setting an objective function of a P2G plant planning model to be the minimum sum of annual investment cost and annual operation cost of the electric-gas bidirectional energy flow system according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0004125443230000031
wherein ,Ctotal Is the sum of annual investment costs and annual operating costs, T is the return on investment years, r is interest rate, C inv Is the total cost of investment C op Is annual operating cost.
4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the method further comprises:
taking the sum of the investment cost of the power system, the investment cost of the natural gas system and the investment cost of the P2G plant as the investment total cost, calculating the investment total cost by the following formula:
Figure FDA0004125443230000032
wherein ,Cinv Is the total cost of investment E L Is a power line set, G L Is a natural gas line set, P G Is a set of P2G plant stations,
Figure FDA0004125443230000033
is the investment cost of newly built power line +.>
Figure FDA0004125443230000034
Is the investment cost of the natural gas line p, +.>
Figure FDA0004125443230000035
Is investment cost of newly built P2G station n, < ->
Figure FDA0004125443230000036
Is the state of construction of the power line l, +.>
Figure FDA0004125443230000037
Is the state of construction of the natural gas line p, < >>
Figure FDA0004125443230000038
Is the construction state of the P2G station n.
5. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the method further comprises:
taking the sum of the annual wind power output cost, the annual operation cost of the P2G plant station, the annual wind abandoning cost, the annual output cost of the traditional generator set and the annual output cost of the gas well as the annual operation cost, and calculating the annual operation cost through the following formula:
Figure FDA0004125443230000039
wherein ,
Figure FDA00041254432300000310
is wind power annual output cost->
Figure FDA00041254432300000311
Is the annual operation cost of the P2G plant station, < >>
Figure FDA00041254432300000312
Is the annual wind-abandoning cost,
Figure FDA0004125443230000041
Is the annual output cost of the traditional generator set, < >>
Figure FDA0004125443230000042
Is the annual output cost of the gas well.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method further comprises:
according to the capacity of the wind turbine, the unit wind discarding cost of the wind turbine, the unit output size at the moment t of the wind turbine and the power load size at the moment t, calculating the annual wind discarding cost:
Figure FDA0004125443230000043
wherein ,
Figure FDA0004125443230000044
is annual wind-abandoning cost, N days Is the total number of days of the year, W D Is a collection of wind turbine generators, < >>
Figure FDA0004125443230000045
Is the unit wind discarding cost of the wind turbine generator a, < >>
Figure FDA0004125443230000046
Is the output size, P of a typical wind turbine generator set a at the time t load And (t) is the power load size at the time of a typical day t.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the method further comprises:
according to the capacity of the wind turbine and the unit output cost of the wind turbine, calculating the annual output cost of wind power according to the unit output of the wind turbine at the moment t:
Figure FDA0004125443230000047
wherein ,
Figure FDA0004125443230000048
is the annual output cost of wind power, N days Is the total number of days of the year, W D Is a collection of wind turbine generators, < >>
Figure FDA0004125443230000049
Is the unit output cost of the wind turbine generator system a, < >>
Figure FDA00041254432300000410
The output of the wind turbine generator system a at the time of the typical day t is;
according to the capacity of the traditional generator set, the unit output cost of the traditional generator set and the unit output of the traditional generator set at the moment t, calculating the annual output cost of the traditional generator set:
Figure FDA00041254432300000411
wherein ,
Figure FDA00041254432300000412
is the annual output cost of the traditional generator set, N days Is the total number of days of the year, W G Is a set of traditional generator sets, +.>
Figure FDA00041254432300000413
Is the unit output cost of the traditional generator set b, < >>
Figure FDA00041254432300000414
The output of the traditional generator set b at the time of the typical day t is;
according to the capacity of the gas well, the unit output cost of the gas source point and the unit output size of the gas source point at the moment t, the annual output cost of the gas well is calculated:
Figure FDA0004125443230000051
wherein ,
Figure FDA0004125443230000052
is the annual output cost of the gas well, N days Is the total number of days of the year, W S Is a collection of gas wells>
Figure FDA0004125443230000053
Is the unit output cost of the air source point c, < >>
Figure FDA0004125443230000054
The output of the air source point c at the time of the typical day t is; the annual output cost of the gas well, namely annual gas purchasing cost;
and calculating the annual running cost of the P2G station according to the capacity of the P2G station.
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