CN113567329A - Ultraviolet, damp and hot comprehensive test method and ultraviolet, damp and hot comprehensive test box for photovoltaic module - Google Patents
Ultraviolet, damp and hot comprehensive test method and ultraviolet, damp and hot comprehensive test box for photovoltaic module Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ultraviolet, damp and hot comprehensive test method and an ultraviolet, damp and hot comprehensive test box for a photovoltaic module. The ultraviolet damp-heat comprehensive test method comprises the following steps: placing a photovoltaic module sample in a test box; designing a temperature setting value, a relative humidity setting value, an ultraviolet irradiation intensity setting value and a test time setting value based on outdoor ultraviolet irradiation and damp-heat conditions to be simulated; when the temperature in the test box reaches the room temperature, turning on an ultraviolet light source at an ultraviolet irradiation intensity set value, starting to perform an ultraviolet damp heat aging test on the photovoltaic module sample, and starting to time; after the ultraviolet damp-heat aging test is started, adjusting the temperature and the relative humidity in the test chamber to a temperature set value and a relative humidity set value respectively, and keeping the temperature set value and the relative humidity set value; and when the timing time reaches the set value of the test time, finishing the ultraviolet damp heat aging test. The test method can obtain more reliable test results so as to be used for performance evaluation or design of a subsequent photovoltaic module.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of new energy, in particular to an ultraviolet, damp and hot comprehensive test method and an ultraviolet, damp and hot comprehensive test box for a photovoltaic module.
Background
Photovoltaic modules (also referred to as "solar panels") are a core part of, and the most important part of, solar power generation systems. The photovoltaic module mainly functions to convert solar energy into electric energy and send the electric energy to a storage battery for storage or push a load to work. The degree of aging (or degradation) of the photovoltaic module can also vary in different application environments. In practical application environments, the photovoltaic module is frequently or continuously irradiated by sunlight, especially in high-temperature and humid and hot areas. In order to know the aging degree of the photovoltaic module in advance under the application environment with the solar radiation and the damp heat, the photovoltaic module needs to be subjected to aging tests simulating similar environments, such as an ultraviolet aging test and a damp heat aging test. The Chinese invention patent CN104579167B discloses a method for testing the durability of a photovoltaic module in a hot and humid environment. The testing method comprises the steps of firstly, carrying out outdoor exposure on a photovoltaic module to be tested in an open circuit state; after the outdoor exposure is completed, the photovoltaic module is placed in an ultraviolet test chamber and subjected to ultraviolet exposure. The first drawback of this test method, which separates the outdoor exposure test from the uv exposure, is that it deviates from the actual environment in which the photovoltaic module is used, i.e. it is subjected to the hot and humid environment and also to the uv radiation of the sun, and therefore the resulting test results may not be in accordance with the actual results. The second drawback of this test method is that the total test time becomes longer and the test cost increases because the damp-heat aging test and the ultraviolet aging test are performed separately.
Accordingly, there is a need in the art for a new solution to the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, namely to solve the problems of poor test effect and high test cost caused by separate implementation of ultraviolet aging and damp-heat aging tests of a photovoltaic module in the prior art, the invention provides an ultraviolet, damp-heat comprehensive test method of the photovoltaic module, which comprises the following steps:
placing a photovoltaic module sample in a test box;
designing a temperature setting value, a relative humidity setting value, an ultraviolet irradiation intensity setting value and a test time setting value based on outdoor ultraviolet irradiation and damp-heat conditions to be simulated;
when the temperature in the test box reaches the room temperature, turning on an ultraviolet light source according to the ultraviolet radiation intensity set value, starting to perform an ultraviolet damp-heat aging test on the photovoltaic module sample, and starting to time;
after the ultraviolet-humidity-heat aging test is started, adjusting the temperature and the relative humidity in the test chamber to the temperature setting value and the relative humidity setting value respectively, and keeping the temperature setting value and the relative humidity setting value;
and when the timing time reaches the test time set value, finishing the ultraviolet damp heat aging test.
In order to know the ultraviolet aging and the damp-heat aging degree of the photovoltaic module in a specific environment, the ultraviolet damp-heat comprehensive test method of the photovoltaic module firstly places a photovoltaic module sample in a test box, and sets a temperature setting value, a relative humidity setting value and an ultraviolet irradiation intensity setting value simulating the specific environment and the time required by the test. Parameter setting values integrating temperature, humidity and ultraviolet light intensity can allow the photovoltaic module sample to be subjected to damp-heat aging and ultraviolet aging tests simultaneously. After the temperature in the test chamber reached room temperature, a dual aging test of the photovoltaic module sample was started by turning on the uv light source with uv irradiation intensity setting. In the same test box, under the test condition closest to the environment to be simulated, the ultraviolet aging test and the damp-heat aging test are simultaneously carried out, and reasonable test time is set, so that a more reliable test result can be obtained, and the test box can be used for performance evaluation or design of subsequent photovoltaic modules, for example, more scientific basis is provided for sizing and type selection of photovoltaic modules, material manufacturers and outdoor power stations. In addition, compared with the ultraviolet aging test and the damp-heat aging test which are carried out separately, the ultraviolet damp-heat comprehensive test method also shortens the test time, and further can reduce the test cost.
The relative humidity setting values are relative humidity setting values at or near 0.2 meters from the upper and lower surfaces of the photovoltaic module sample, respectively, and the temperature setting values are temperature setting values of the surface of the photovoltaic module sample. The temperature detection position in the test chamber is the surface (including the upper surface and/or the lower surface) of the photovoltaic module sample, and the relative humidity detection position is at a position 0.2 meter away from the upper surface and the lower surface of the photovoltaic module sample or at a position near 0.2 meter away from the upper surface and the lower surface of the photovoltaic module sample, so that the accuracy of temperature and relative humidity control can be ensured.
In a preferred technical scheme of the ultraviolet, humidity and heat comprehensive test method for the photovoltaic module, when the temperature in the test chamber does not reach the room temperature, the temperature in the test chamber is adjusted to the room temperature by controlling the heating device or the cooling device. This ensures that the test starts at room temperature.
In the preferable technical scheme of the ultraviolet, humidity and heat comprehensive test method for the photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic module sample subjected to the ultraviolet, humidity and heat aging test is compared with a photovoltaic module which is actually used for a preset period under the outdoor ultraviolet irradiation and humidity and heat conditions to be simulated, so that the difference between the photovoltaic module sample and the photovoltaic module is determined. The differences determined by comparison can be used as a reference for designing the photovoltaic module product.
In the preferable technical scheme of the ultraviolet, humidity and heat comprehensive test method for the photovoltaic module, the step of comparing the photovoltaic module sample subjected to the ultraviolet aging and humidity and heat aging test with the photovoltaic module actually used for the preset time under the outdoor ultraviolet irradiation and humidity and heat condition to be simulated comprises the following steps:
performing at least one of a power attenuation test, a mechanical property test, an electrical property test and an appearance inspection on the photovoltaic module sample subjected to the ultraviolet-humidity-heat aging test;
performing the same test and/or visual inspection as the photovoltaic module sample on the photovoltaic module actually used for the preset period;
and comparing the photovoltaic module sample with the test and/or appearance inspection result of the photovoltaic module.
In the preferable technical scheme of the ultraviolet, humidity and heat comprehensive test method of the photovoltaic module, the test time setting value is more than or equal to 1000 hours. The situation of a photovoltaic module with a service life of up to 5 years can be simulated by continuous tests for more than 1000 hours. Different test time set values may correspond to different actual service lives of the photovoltaic modules.
In the preferable technical scheme of the ultraviolet-wet-heat comprehensive test method of the photovoltaic module, the temperature setting value ranges from 30 ℃ to 95 ℃, the relative humidity ranges from 30% to 95%, and the ultraviolet irradiation intensity is less than or equal to 250W/m2. Such a combination of parametric designs may allow for simulation to different actual environments to be simulated.
In a preferable technical scheme of the ultraviolet, humidity and heat comprehensive test method for the photovoltaic module, the temperature in the test chamber is controlled to be 85 ℃ +/-5 ℃, and the relative humidity in the test chamber is controlled to be 85% +/-5%. The temperature setting and the relative humidity setting simulate a high temperature and high humidity environment.
In the preferable technical scheme of the ultraviolet-wet-heat comprehensive test method of the photovoltaic module, the continuous wavelength range of the ultraviolet light source is 280 nm-400 nm. The continuous ultraviolet wavelength is similar to the actual ultraviolet wavelength of sunlight.
In order to solve the problems of poor test effect and high test cost caused by the fact that ultraviolet aging and damp-heat aging tests of a photovoltaic module are separately implemented in the prior art, the invention also provides an ultraviolet damp-heat comprehensive test box, wherein the ultraviolet damp-heat comprehensive test box adopts any one of the ultraviolet damp-heat comprehensive test methods of the photovoltaic module to carry out ultraviolet damp-heat aging tests on a photovoltaic module sample. By using the ultraviolet damp-heat comprehensive test method, the ultraviolet damp-heat comprehensive test box can ensure that more reliable test results are obtained.
Drawings
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for testing the photovoltaic module by ultraviolet, humidity and heat;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the irradiation intensity of an ultraviolet light source;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the ultraviolet, moist and heat comprehensive test method of the photovoltaic module of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
In order to solve the problems of poor test effect and high test cost caused by separately implementing ultraviolet aging and damp-heat aging tests of a photovoltaic module in the prior art, the invention provides an ultraviolet damp-heat comprehensive test method of the photovoltaic module, which comprises the following steps:
placing the photovoltaic module sample in a test box (step S1);
designing a temperature setting value, a relative humidity setting value, an ultraviolet irradiation intensity setting value, and a test time setting value based on outdoor ultraviolet irradiation and damp-heat conditions to be simulated (step S2);
when the temperature in the test box reaches the room temperature, turning on an ultraviolet light source according to the ultraviolet radiation intensity set value, starting to perform an ultraviolet damp-heat aging test on the photovoltaic module sample, and starting timing (step S3);
after the ultraviolet-moist-heat aging test is started, adjusting the temperature and the relative humidity in the test chamber to the temperature setting value and the relative humidity setting value, respectively, and maintaining the temperature setting value and the relative humidity setting value (step S4);
and when the timed time reaches the test time set value, finishing the ultraviolet moist heat aging test (step S5).
It is to be noted that the test chamber mentioned herein may be any test chamber suitable for carrying out the test method of the present invention, wherein the test chamber has a temperature adjusting function, a humidity adjusting function, and an ultraviolet irradiation intensity adjusting function. The test box generally adopts a closed structure, and the test cavity adopts full-length welding and silica gel sealing processes to prevent water vapor leakage. And a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and an ultraviolet light probe are respectively arranged at proper positions in the test box. In order to prevent the illumination from influencing the detection of the test data by the humidity sensor, a light-proof wind shield can be added on the humidity sensor. In addition, in order to prevent the ultraviolet probe from being inaccurate in test data caused by aging under the high-temperature and high-humidity condition, the ultraviolet probe can adopt an automatic telescopic device so as to acquire data regularly. The photovoltaic module referred to herein may be any kind of solar photovoltaic module.
It should also be noted that, in the uv-thermal integrated test method for a photovoltaic module according to the present invention, unless explicitly stated to the contrary, the steps are performed in no particular order, for example, sequentially or simultaneously.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the ultraviolet, humidity and heat comprehensive test method of the photovoltaic module. As shown in fig. 1, in the ultraviolet-moist-heat comprehensive test method, in order to perform an aging test on a photovoltaic module sample, the photovoltaic module sample needs to be placed in a predetermined test box (step S1). In the test chamber of the test chamber, the photovoltaic module sample is generally horizontally disposed, so that the photovoltaic module sample has an upper surface facing upward and a lower surface facing downward. In order to simulate both the ultraviolet aging and the damp-heat aging, it is also necessary to set a temperature setting value, a relative humidity setting value, an ultraviolet irradiation intensity setting value, and a test time setting value based on the outdoor ultraviolet irradiation and damp-heat condition to be simulated (step S2)). In one or more embodiments, the temperature setting range is 30-95 ℃, the relative humidity setting range is 30-95%, and the ultraviolet radiation intensity setting value is less than or equal to 250W/m2. Various outdoor environments can be simulated by the combination of the parameters, so that the test range can be expanded. In order to make the test result closer to the actual condition of the photovoltaic module actually used for a predetermined period outdoors, the test time setting value is more than or equal to 1000 hours, such as 1200 hours, 1500 hours, 2000 hours and the like. The specific test time setting is mainly determined by the actual service life of the photovoltaic modules to be compared.
As shown in fig. 1, in step S3, when the temperature in the test chamber reaches room temperature, the ultraviolet light source is turned on at the ultraviolet irradiation intensity setting value, so as to start the ultraviolet-thermal-humidity aging test on the photovoltaic module sample and start timing. The continuous wavelength range of the ultraviolet light source is 280 nm-400 nm. The irradiation intensity of the UV light source remains constant, for example 250W/m or less, throughout the test2As shown in fig. 2. In step S4, i.e., after the ultraviolet moist heat aging test is started, the temperature and the relative humidity in the test chamber are adjusted to a temperature setting value and a relative humidity setting value, respectively, and the temperature setting value and the relative humidity setting value are kept constant throughout the test. In one or more embodiments, the temperature setting is a temperature value on the upper or lower surface of the photovoltaic module sample, or an average of the temperatures on the upper and lower surfaces. In one or more embodiments, the relative humidity setting is a relative humidity value at or near 0.2 meters from each of the upper and lower surfaces of the photovoltaic module sample. The relative humidity measured at this position tends to coincide with the relative humidity at the surface of the photovoltaic module, and therefore the accuracy of the relative humidity can be ensured. Alternatively, the relative humidity setting may be the relative humidity closer to the surface of the photovoltaic module sample (i.e., less than 0.2 m). When the counted time reaches the test time set value, the ultraviolet moist heat aging test is ended (step S5). When the timed time reaches the set test time value, the cumulative amount of ultraviolet light experienced by the surface of the photovoltaic module sample reaches or exceeds a predetermined value, such as 300kWh/m2To ensure that the test result is more in line with the actual situationThe method is described. Through further inspection and/or test of the photovoltaic module sample subjected to the test, more scientific basis can be provided for sizing and type selection of photovoltaic modules and material manufacturers and outdoor power stations, and the photovoltaic module sample testing device has important economic benefits and safety significance in the aspects of ensuring the reliability of the power stations, saving cost and improving efficiency.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the ultraviolet-moist-heat comprehensive test method of the photovoltaic module of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, after the ultraviolet moist heat comprehensive test method is started, the photovoltaic module sample is placed in a test box in step S1. In step S2a, based on the outdoor ultraviolet irradiation and the damp-heat adjustment to be simulated, the temperature is set to 85 ℃ + -5 ℃, the relative humidity is set to 85% + -5%, and the ultraviolet irradiation intensity is less than or equal to 250W/m2And the test time was set to 1500 hours. Then, the ultraviolet moist heat comprehensive test method proceeds to step S31, and the temperature in the test chamber is adjusted to room temperature. The room temperature was 23 ℃. + -. 2 ℃. For example, during the summer, the temperature in the test chamber is reduced to room temperature by a refrigeration system. Alternatively, during winter, the temperature in the test chamber is raised to room temperature by a heating device. When the temperature in the test cavity reaches the room temperature, the ultraviolet-moist-heat comprehensive test method proceeds to step S32, and the ultraviolet irradiation intensity is opened to be less than or equal to 250W/m2The ultraviolet lamp light source starts to carry out ultraviolet damp heat aging test on the photovoltaic module sample, and starts to time. The wavelength range emitted by the ultraviolet lamp light source is 280-400 nm, the irradiation unevenness is less than or equal to 15%, and the percentage of UVB in the total energy (UVA + UVB) is 3-10%. In step S4a, after the ultraviolet thermal wet aging test was started, the temperature of the surface of the photovoltaic module sample was adjusted to 85 ℃ ± 5 ℃, and the relative humidity at 0.2 meters from each of the upper and lower surfaces of the photovoltaic module sample was adjusted to 85% ± 5%, and the temperature setting and the relative humidity setting were maintained constant throughout the test. In addition, the irradiation intensity of the ultraviolet light source is also kept unchanged, so that the final accumulated amount of ultraviolet irradiation is controlled to reach a preset value. When the timed time reaches 1500 hours, the ultraviolet damp-heat aging test is ended (step S5a), and the cumulative quantity of ultraviolet irradiation reaches 300kWh/m2。
As shown in fig. 2, the ultraviolet, humidity and heat comprehensive test method for the photovoltaic module of the present invention further includes performing a power attenuation test, a mechanical property test, and an electrical property test on the photovoltaic module sample subjected to the ultraviolet, humidity and heat aging test (step S6). The specific testing process can be referred to the corresponding national standard respectively, and is not described herein again. The ultraviolet, damp and heat comprehensive test method for the photovoltaic module further comprises the step of carrying out appearance inspection on the photovoltaic module sample subjected to the ultraviolet, damp and heat aging test (step S7). And finally, respectively comparing the test result and the inspection result of the photovoltaic module sample with corresponding parameters of the photovoltaic module after 5 years of outdoor actual use in the high-temperature high-humidity environment to be simulated so as to determine the difference between the test result and the inspection result. It is to be noted that the corresponding parameters of the photovoltaic module after 5 years of actual outdoor use are also obtained by the same test procedure and inspection method. After comparison, the aging state of the photovoltaic module sample in the test process is basically consistent with that of the photovoltaic module sample actually used for 5 years in a high-temperature high-humidity environment. Therefore, the above test results of the photovoltaic module sample can be used as a reference for subsequent photovoltaic module design.
The invention also provides an ultraviolet damp-heat comprehensive test box, and the external damp-heat comprehensive test box adopts any one of the ultraviolet damp-heat comprehensive test methods for the photovoltaic module to carry out ultraviolet damp-heat aging test on a photovoltaic module sample. By using the ultraviolet damp-heat comprehensive test method, the ultraviolet damp-heat comprehensive test box can ensure that more reliable test results are obtained.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The ultraviolet damp-heat comprehensive test method for the photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
placing a photovoltaic module sample in a test box;
designing a temperature setting value, a relative humidity setting value, an ultraviolet irradiation intensity setting value and a test time setting value based on outdoor ultraviolet irradiation and damp-heat conditions to be simulated;
when the temperature in the test box reaches the room temperature, turning on an ultraviolet light source according to the ultraviolet radiation intensity set value, starting to perform an ultraviolet damp-heat aging test on the photovoltaic module sample, and starting to time;
after the ultraviolet-humidity-heat aging test is started, adjusting the temperature and the relative humidity in the test chamber to the temperature setting value and the relative humidity setting value respectively, and keeping the temperature setting value and the relative humidity setting value;
and when the timing time reaches the test time set value, finishing the ultraviolet damp heat aging test.
2. The uv-vis-therm integrated test method for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, wherein the set value of the relative humidity is a set value of the relative humidity at or near 0.2 meters from each of the upper and lower surfaces of the photovoltaic module sample, and the set value of the temperature is a set value of the temperature of the surface of the photovoltaic module sample.
3. The uv-vis-thermal integrated test method for photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, wherein the temperature in the test chamber is adjusted to the room temperature by controlling a heating device or a cooling device when the temperature in the test chamber does not reach the room temperature.
4. The ultraviolet-moist-heat comprehensive test method for photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that the photovoltaic module sample subjected to the ultraviolet-moist-heat aging test is compared with the photovoltaic module actually used for a predetermined period under the outdoor ultraviolet irradiation and moist-heat conditions to be simulated to determine the difference between the two.
5. The ultraviolet-moist-heat comprehensive test method for photovoltaic modules according to claim 4, wherein the step of comparing the photovoltaic module sample subjected to the ultraviolet-moist-heat aging test with the photovoltaic module actually used for a predetermined period under the outdoor ultraviolet irradiation and moist-heat conditions to be simulated comprises the steps of:
performing at least one of a power attenuation test, a mechanical property test, an electrical property test and an appearance inspection on the photovoltaic module sample subjected to the ultraviolet-humidity-heat aging test;
performing the same test and/or visual inspection as the photovoltaic module sample on the photovoltaic module actually used for the preset period;
and comparing the photovoltaic module sample with the test and/or appearance inspection result of the photovoltaic module.
6. The ultraviolet, humidity and heat comprehensive test method of the photovoltaic module as claimed in claim 2, wherein the test time setting value is not less than 1000 hours.
7. The ultraviolet-wet-heat comprehensive test method for the photovoltaic module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the temperature setting value ranges from 30 ℃ to 95 ℃, the relative humidity ranges from 30% to 95%, and the ultraviolet irradiation intensity is less than or equal to 250W/m2。
8. The uv damp-heat mass test method for photovoltaic modules according to claim 7, wherein the temperature inside the test chamber is controlled at 85 ℃ ± 5 ℃ and the relative humidity inside the test chamber is controlled at 85% ± 5%.
9. The ultraviolet-wet-heat comprehensive test method for the photovoltaic module as claimed in claim 2, wherein the continuous wavelength range of the ultraviolet light source is 280nm to 400 nm.
10. An ultraviolet-damp-heat comprehensive test box, which is characterized in that an ultraviolet-damp-heat comprehensive test method of a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1-9 is adopted to carry out ultraviolet-damp-heat aging test on a photovoltaic module sample.
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