CN113567310A - Detection method and device for coated particles - Google Patents
Detection method and device for coated particles Download PDFInfo
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- CN113567310A CN113567310A CN202110874139.9A CN202110874139A CN113567310A CN 113567310 A CN113567310 A CN 113567310A CN 202110874139 A CN202110874139 A CN 202110874139A CN 113567310 A CN113567310 A CN 113567310A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/028—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness by measuring lateral position of a boundary of the object
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for detecting coated particles, wherein an image acquisition and processing system is used for carrying out image preprocessing, particle identification, particle positioning and analysis and calculation; the detection device mainly comprises an image acquisition and processing system, a two-dimensional translation table and a rack; the image acquisition and processing system comprises a processor and a metallographic microscope, the two-dimensional translation table is arranged below the metallographic microscope of the image acquisition and processing system, and the two-dimensional translation table is provided with a dynamic calibration clamping device for fixing a metallographic sample. The invention can realize the automatic identification and positioning of the coated particles, can quickly, accurately and efficiently identify and count damaged particles and the damage rate of the particles, can quickly and accurately measure the thickness of the coating layer of the intact coated particles, and provides technical reference for the production process, quality detection and the like of the coated particles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement and detection, in particular to a method and a device for detecting coated particles.
Background
The coating particles are basic constitutional units of a fuel element of the high-temperature gas cooled reactor and consist of a fuel core, a loose pyrolytic carbon layer, an inner compact pyrolytic carbon layer, a silicon carbide layer and an outer compact pyrolytic carbon layer; the micro-spherical composite pressure vessel formed by the four layers can contain fuel and radioactive fission products and is the most main barrier for blocking the radioactive fission products. The mass of the coated particles is therefore directly related to the safe operation of the nuclear reactor. Therefore, in the production process of the coated particles, the process flow is required to be capable of measuring the thickness of each coating layer of the coated particles more quickly and accurately, so that the process parameters are adjusted in time according to the measurement result to ensure that the high-performance high-temperature gas cooled reactor coated particles are prepared.
At present, methods for detecting the thickness of a nuclear fuel particle coating layer mainly comprise an X-ray microscopic imaging method, a V-shaped groove method, a metallographic method, a particle size analyzer method and the like. The metallographic method is most suitable for industrial application by comprehensively considering the detection cost, the detection efficiency, the detection precision and the requirements on the detection environment. The metallographic method generally adopts resin to wrap nuclear fuel particles, and the nuclear fuel particles are exposed out of cores and coating layers through grinding processing to prepare grinding sample wafers; manually observing the surface of the sample wafer through a microscope, selecting complete nuclear fuel particles with good grinding state, and manually marking three points on each coating layer boundary for circle fitting. However, because the edge shape of each layer of the coated particles is irregular, the selected points have certain randomness, the precision and the accuracy of the thickness measuring method are difficult to ensure, the manual operation efficiency is low, and the injury degree of the coated particles is high.
In the prior art, CN110428916A discloses a thickness detection method of a coated particle, which is executed in a computing device, wherein the coated particle comprises a core layer and at least one coating layer, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a global section image comprising to-be-detected coated particles, and extracting a to-be-detected particle image from the global section image; determining seed points of each layer from the particle image to be detected, and performing seed region growth based on the seed points of each layer to obtain region ranges of each layer; calculating the contour line of each layer based on the area range of each layer, and determining the central point of the inner core layer; calculating the thickness of each layer according to the central point of the inner core layer and the contour line of each layer; the patent document also discloses a corresponding thickness detection device and calculation equipment for the coated particles. Although the technical problems of low precision, low efficiency and the like of manual treatment are solved to a certain extent, the damaged particles cannot be well identified and the damage rate of the damaged particles cannot be counted only by calculating the thickness of the coating layer of the complete coated particles; meanwhile, a plurality of images are acquired by adopting the conversion of a plurality of image acquisition devices with different multiplying powers for merging, so that the operation is more complicated, and the image processing efficiency is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a detection method of coated particles, which realizes automatic identification and positioning of the coated particles and can quickly and accurately measure the thickness of a coating layer of the intact coated particles.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method of detecting coated particles, comprising the steps of:
1) manufacturing a metallographic sample;
2) image preprocessing: collecting images of the same plane on the metallographic sample by an image collecting and processing system, and carrying out image preprocessing;
3) particle identification: sequentially extracting a target contour, fitting and positioning a circle center and identifying a particle contour from the preprocessed image;
4) particle positioning: sequentially identifying particles on the same plane on a metallographic sample, and recording coordinates of the particles;
5) and (3) analysis and calculation: and carrying out image processing, target area and inner edge extraction and analysis on the identified particles, recording the damage rate and calculating the thickness of each layer of the particles.
Further, the invention also provides a device for detecting the coated particles, and the image acquisition and processing system is used for carrying out image preprocessing, particle identification, particle positioning and analysis and calculation according to the detection method; the image acquisition and processing system comprises a processor and a metallographic microscope, wherein a two-dimensional translation table is arranged below the metallographic microscope, and a dynamic calibration clamping device is arranged on the two-dimensional translation table and used for fixing a metallographic sample; the image acquisition and processing system and the two-dimensional translation stage are arranged on the rack.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the detection method can quickly and accurately position the core position of the coated particle and extract the edge profile of the core position by acquiring image preprocessing and particle identification, thereby identifying the integrity of the coated particle, marking the complete coated particle, quickly and accurately calculating the thickness of the coating layer of the complete coated particle, counting the damaged coated particle, finally efficiently obtaining the distribution condition and the damage condition of the coated particle in a metallographic sample and the thickness size of the coating layer of the coated particle, and providing technical references for the production process, quality detection and the like of the coated particle.
2. The detection device can quickly and accurately fix and position the sample to be detected, can conveniently adjust the height and horizontally move in two dimensions, simultaneously adopts the dynamic calibration clamping device, and can acquire high-precision images by using a metallographic microscope to detect one or more metallographic samples without adopting objective lenses with different multiplying powers for switching, has high processing efficiency and better precision, is convenient for automatically positioning and identifying the metallographic sample coated with particles, and counts the breakage rate and calculates the thickness of each layer of the coating layer.
3. According to the invention, the dynamic calibration clamping device is provided with the clamping seat, the fixing block and the locking mechanism, so that a metallographic sample can be conveniently fixed; meanwhile, by arranging the transverse and vertical standard blocks, the acquired images have good reference in the transverse direction and the vertical direction, the precision reduction caused by adverse environmental factors such as image distortion or stretching is prevented, and the identification of the coated particles and the size calculation precision of the thickness of each layer are further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of particle identification in the coated particle detection method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the present invention for recording breakage data and thickness measurements of coated particles;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a coated particle detecting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view (top view) of a dynamic calibration clamping device of the coated particle detecting device according to the present invention;
in the figure, 1-an image acquisition and processing system, 2-an objective lens, 3-a metallographic sample, 4-a dynamic calibration clamping device, 41-a bottom plate, 42-a clamping seat, 43-a calibration standard block, 44-a locking bolt, 45-a fixed block, 5-a two-dimensional translation table and 6-a rack.
Detailed Description
The method and the apparatus for measuring the thickness of the coated particle layer according to the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention provides a detection method of coated particles, which comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing a metallographic sample;
2) image preprocessing: collecting images of the same plane on the metallographic sample by an image collecting and processing system, and carrying out image preprocessing;
3) particle identification: sequentially extracting a target contour, fitting and positioning a circle center and identifying a particle contour from the preprocessed image;
4) particle positioning: sequentially identifying particles on the same plane on a metallographic sample, and recording coordinates of the particles;
5) and (3) analysis and calculation: and carrying out image processing, target area and inner edge extraction and analysis on the identified particles, recording the damage rate and calculating the thickness of each layer of the particles.
Wherein, the step 1) of preparing a metallographic sample: the method comprises the steps of bonding a plurality of coating particles into a whole in a die through an adhesive, and grinding and polishing the surface to be detected of the metallographic sample until cores and coating layers of the plurality of coating particles are exposed on the same plane. The step 2) image preprocessing: the method comprises the steps that an image acquisition and processing system scans and shoots an acquired image of a to-be-detected surface of a metallographic sample, and the acquired image is subjected to preprocessing of graying, down-sampling, image filtering and denoising, histogram equalization enhancement and fixed threshold segmentation to obtain each coating layer image with clear edge characteristics. The step 3) particle identification: the method comprises the steps of extracting a target region, positioning a core, preliminarily extracting a contour, removing a false edge by multiple criteria and extracting a fuzzy contour from an image obtained by preprocessing to extract the contour of each cladding layer of exposed cladding particles; the positioning core obtains the outline of the core by adopting a circle fitting mode and positions the circle center and the coordinates of the core. The step 4) particle positioning: after extracting the particle outline, judging the cladding outline, and marking as damaged particles when the cladding part is missing or the cladding part is broken or the core is lost; when both the detected profile of the core and the profile of the coating of the coated particle are intact, the particle is marked as intact and its position is marked. The step 5) analysis and calculation: calculating the breakage rate of the coating particles in the metallographic sample according to the number of the coating particles and the breakage number of the surface to be detected; and establishing direction vectors outwards along a plurality of directions according to the central point of the core of the complete coating particle, finding out the edge points of each coating layer on the direction vectors, calculating to obtain the corresponding pixel average value of each coating layer, and calculating to obtain the actual size of each coating layer.
Referring to fig. 1, the particle identification process in the coated particle detection method of the present invention includes image preprocessing (sampling, filtering and denoising, enhancing, and threshold segmentation), particle identification (target contour extraction, circle center fitting and positioning, contour identification), determining whether particles exist, automatically controlling the motion of the translation stage, and finally recording the coordinates of the particles.
Referring to fig. 2, the process of recording damage data and thickness detection of the coated particles includes image acquisition, preprocessing denoising, adaptive contour detection, target area and inner edge extraction, edge layer number shortage judgment, recording damage points, calculating thickness of each layer, and finally ending.
Secondly, the invention also provides a detection device for the coated particles
Image preprocessing, particle recognition, particle localization and analytical calculations are performed by the image acquisition and processing system 1 according to the detection method described above. Referring to fig. 3, the apparatus for detecting coated particles mainly comprises an image acquisition and processing system 1, a two-dimensional translation stage 5 and a frame 6; the image acquisition and processing system 1 and the two-dimensional translation stage 5 are both arranged on a stand 6. The image acquisition and processing system 1 comprises a processor and a metallographic microscope (including an objective lens 2), the two-dimensional translation stage 5 is arranged below the metallographic microscope of the image acquisition and processing system 1, and the two-dimensional translation stage 5 is provided with a dynamic calibration clamping device 4 for fixing a metallographic sample 3. The two-dimensional translation stage 5 comprises a horizontal driving mechanism and a vertical driving mechanism, so that the position of the two-dimensional translation stage can be adjusted along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. The two-dimensional translation stage 5 is regulated and controlled in displacement in the horizontal and erection directions by an automatic control system.
Referring to fig. 4, the dynamic calibration clamping device 4 includes a bottom plate 41, a clamping seat 42 is arranged on the bottom plate 41, a fixing block 45 is arranged on the bayonet side opposite to the clamping seat, a locking bolt 44 is arranged on the fixing block 45, and the metallographic sample 3 can be locked in the bayonet by rotating the locking bolt 44; the calibration standard 43 includes transverse and longitudinal standard blocks perpendicular to each other.
Third, the invention is a method for detecting the coating particles and the application of the device
1. And preparing a metallographic sample. Bonding a plurality of coating particles (with the particle size of about 1mm generally) by resin according to a conventional method to prepare a metallographic sample 3; wherein the coating particles are randomly distributed to simulate the structural features and shape of the actual component. During detection, the surface to be detected of the metallographic sample 3 is ground and polished until the cores and the coating layers of the coating particles are exposed.
2. And (5) image acquisition. The metallographic sample is placed in a dynamic scaling clamping device 4 to be fixed, the dynamic scaling clamping device 4 is installed on a two-dimensional translation table 5, the to-be-detected surface of the metallographic sample 3 is enabled to be opposite to an objective lens 2 of a metallographic microscope, the height between the objective lens and the two-dimensional translation table 5 is adjusted, clear imaging containing the scaling standard block 43 and the metallographic sample 3 is obtained, and pixel resolution data are established. The two-dimensional translation stage 5 includes a horizontal driving mechanism and a vertical driving mechanism, so that the two-dimensional translation stage 5 can move horizontally and vertically. The horizontal driving mechanism and the vertical driving mechanism adopt a hydraulic transmission mechanism or a rack transmission mechanism or a screw transmission mechanism and are used for driving the two-dimensional translation table 5 to horizontally or vertically move along a preset track. The scanning mode adopts a periodic mode to scan, and an automatic control system controls the movement of the two-dimensional translation stage 5 according to the processing progress of the image, so that a clear image can be acquired under a stable condition to facilitate subsequent image processing and identification. In order to further increase the scanning speed and prevent the problem of repeated identification in the identification process, after the complete particles are identified in each scanning, the image identification is stopped, the area in the diameter range around the identified particles is marked as a non-scanning acquisition image point, and the scanning identification is started again until the two-dimensional translation stage 5 moves the diameter distance of the particles along the original direction.
By fixing the metallographic sample 3 on the dynamic calibration clamping device 4, and arranging the calibration standard block calibrated by the measuring yard on the dynamic calibration clamping device 4. When gathering the image of metallographic specimen, contain this scaling standard piece throughout in the image of collection, or adjust the height between metallographic microscope and the metallographic specimen after, shoot scaling standard piece earlier, then shoot the metallographic specimen again, thereby better establishment pixel resolution ratio data, in the different images of gathering, through scaling standard piece shared pixel point on the image, the actual size who occupies the coating of corresponding pixel point is converted out in calculation that can be very convenient, be convenient for the unification and the measurement of data, the accuracy is higher.
3. And (5) image preprocessing. And acquiring images of the same circular plane on the metallographic sample by an objective lens of the image acquisition and processing system 1, and preprocessing the images. The collected image is grayed firstly, in order to accelerate the subsequent image core positioning and reduce the operation amount, the image is subjected to down-sampling operation under the condition of not influencing the subsequent image positioning to generate large influence, and the median filtering well reserves the edge characteristics of the coated particles while filtering out noise-free.
Because the quality of the image in the actual scanning shooting process is influenced by a plurality of factors, for example, the conditions of partial dark of the image and uneven light intensity distribution can be caused when the exposure is insufficient in shooting, the histogram equalization enhancement is adopted, the brightness of the enhanced whole image is enhanced, the contrast is also integrally enhanced, and the boundary between the target area and the adjacent coating layer is obvious.
The threshold segmentation adopts a fixed threshold method, the method can segment the core region, and the edges of the second layer and the third layer are also better segmented, so that the method can better adapt to the condition of core deficiency.
4. Particle identification: and sequentially carrying out target contour extraction, fitting and positioning circle center and particle contour identification on the preprocessed image. The extraction of the coating layer profile of each coating particle is realized by carrying out target region extraction, core positioning, profile preliminary extraction, multi-criterion false edge removal and fuzzy profile extraction on the image obtained by the pretreatment.
The data volume is reduced by preprocessing and graying, and the edge characteristics of the image are well kept while noise is filtered by adopting median filtering, so that the identification and extraction of the follow-up contour edge are facilitated. The method is characterized in that a local adaptive threshold is adopted to segment the contour of a detection target, after a main contour is detected, due to the fact that other background information exists around a detected target region, and some small interference exists and a second layer contour has a plurality of broken pixel points, the edges of each layer are extracted through five operations of target region extraction, core positioning, contour primary extraction, multi-criterion false edge removal and fuzzy contour extraction.
The contour extraction algorithm for target region extraction adopts a boundary tracking algorithm based on topological structure analysis proposed by Suzuki et al to separate the whole target particles from the background.
After the target region is extracted, the core circle is positioned to determine the central position of the whole particle, so that the subsequent layered extraction of the outlines of all layers is facilitated. Since there are many interfering contours in the image in addition to the target contour, and the cross-sectional shape of the core is circular, the positioning of the core circle is achieved using least squares circle fitting.
The segmented image extracted from the target area has some small interferences which can affect the extraction of the outline, and some interfered pixel points and disconnected pixel points near the outline can be removed by adopting morphological open-close operation. The method comprises the steps of extracting contours, wherein a plurality of interference contours exist in the process of extracting the contours, false edges exist in the edge lines extracted from threshold segmentation images, the length of each contour line is used as a criterion, small interference contours are filtered, the area of each contour and the gravity center of the contour are used as double criteria, the contour of each layer of a target area is primarily searched, the false edges exist in the contour extracted primarily, and then the false edges are identified by the double criteria of the circularity and the area ratio of two adjacent contours. Aiming at the characteristic that the fuzzy contour lines of the first layer and the second layer wrapping the core are zigzag, the morphological open-close operation of larger structural elements is adopted for the layer, and then the edge of the layer is extracted.
5. Labeling of the coated particles. After extracting each coating layer contour, judging the coating layer contour, and marking the coating particles as damaged particles when the coating layer is partially lost or the coating layer is partially broken or the core is lost; when both the core profile and the coating profile of the coated particle are intact, the coated particle is labeled as an intact particle and its location is labeled.
6. And (5) analyzing and calculating. And carrying out image processing, target area and inner edge extraction and analysis on the identified particles, recording damage points and calculating the thickness of each layer of the particles. Broken particles can have a lack of number of layers of the profile, and the following conditions can exist in the interior of the particles: firstly, layer loss occurs in each layer outside the wrapping core; secondly, partial layer fracture occurs in each layer outside the wrapping core; thirdly, core loss occurs. When the first condition and the second condition occur, the condition that the number of layers of the outline is reduced occurs in the initial outline extraction stage, and when the number of layers of the outline of the whole particle is less than 5 after the false edge outline is removed, the particle is considered to belong to a damaged particle; when the third condition occurs, the third condition is identified in the scanning stage, and the particle is directly marked as a broken particle. When the above conditions occur, the particles are automatically marked as broken particles, and the breakage rate of the batch of samples can be obtained through the total particle number and broken particle data.
And establishing direction vectors of the complete particles along a plurality of directions outwards from the center point of the core of the complete particles, finding out the edge points of each cladding layer on the direction vectors, calculating to obtain the corresponding pixel average value of each cladding layer, and calculating to obtain the actual size of each cladding layer by combining the pixel resolution data.
According to the invention, through the methods of preprocessing the acquired image and identifying the particles, the core position of the coated particles can be quickly and accurately positioned and the edge profile of the core position can be extracted, so that the integrity of the coated particles can be identified, the complete coated particles are marked, the thickness of the coating layer of the complete coated particles can be quickly and accurately calculated, meanwhile, the damaged coated particles are counted, and finally, the distribution condition and the damage condition of the coated particles in the metallographic sample 3 and the thickness size of the coating layer of the coated particles can be efficiently obtained.
Furthermore, the metallographic sample 3 is fixed on the dynamic scaling clamping device 4, the scaling standard block 43 calibrated by a measuring yard is arranged on the dynamic scaling clamping device 4, when the image of the metallographic sample 3 is collected, the collected image always contains the scaling standard block 43, or after the height between the metallographic microscope and the metallographic sample 3 is adjusted, the scaling standard block 43 is shot firstly, and then the metallographic sample 3 is shot, so that the pixel resolution data can be better established, in the collected different images, the actual size of the coating layer occupying the corresponding pixel points can be conveniently converted through the pixel points occupied by the scaling standard block 43 on the image, the data can be conveniently unified and metered, and the accuracy is higher. Adopt dynamic calibration clamping device 4 back simultaneously, when using the metallographic microscope to examine single or a plurality of metallographic specimen 3, need not adopt the objective 2 of different multiplying powers to switch alright with the image of gathering the high accuracy, the treatment effeciency is high, and the precision is better, is convenient for carry out automatic positioning and discernment to the metallographic specimen 3 of cladding granule, counts its breakage rate and calculates each layer thickness of coating.
The invention also arranges the clamping seat 42 and the fixed block 45 on the dynamic calibration clamping device 4, arranges the locking mechanism on the fixed block 45, is convenient for fixing the metallographic sample 3, simultaneously leads the acquired image to have good reference in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction through the arrangement of the horizontal standard block and the vertical standard block, prevents the precision reduction caused by the bad environmental factors such as image distortion or stretching, and further improves the identification of the coating particles and the size calculation precision of each layer thickness.
By adopting the method and the device for detecting the coating layer of the coated particles, the automatic identification and positioning of the coated particles can be realized, the damaged particles and the damage rate of the particles can be identified and counted quickly, accurately and efficiently, the thickness of the coating layer of the intact coated particles can be measured quickly and accurately, and technical references are provided for the production process, quality detection and the like of the coated particles.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the technical solutions, and although the present invention has been described in detail by referring to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of the present invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all the modifications and equivalent substitutions should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for detecting coated particles, comprising the steps of:
1) manufacturing a metallographic sample;
2) image preprocessing: collecting images of the same plane on the metallographic sample by an image collecting and processing system, and carrying out image preprocessing;
3) particle identification: sequentially extracting a target contour, fitting and positioning a circle center and identifying a particle contour from the preprocessed image;
4) particle positioning: sequentially identifying particles on the same plane on a metallographic sample, and recording coordinates of the particles;
5) and (3) analysis and calculation: and carrying out image processing, target area and inner edge extraction and analysis on the identified particles, recording the damage rate and calculating the thickness of each layer of the particles.
2. The method for detecting the coated particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 1) is to make a metallographic sample: the method comprises the steps of bonding a plurality of coating particles into a whole in a die through an adhesive, and grinding and polishing the surface to be detected of the metallographic sample until cores and coating layers of the plurality of coating particles are exposed on the same plane.
3. The method for detecting the coated particles according to claim 1, wherein the step 2) image preprocessing comprises: the method comprises the steps that an image acquisition and processing system scans and shoots an acquired image of a to-be-detected surface of a metallographic sample, and the acquired image is subjected to preprocessing of graying, down-sampling, image filtering and denoising, histogram equalization enhancement and fixed threshold segmentation to obtain each coating layer image with clear edge characteristics.
4. The method for detecting the coating particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 3) of particle identification comprises extracting the coating layer profile of each exposed coating particle by performing target region extraction, core positioning, profile preliminary extraction, multi-criterion false edge removal and fuzzy profile extraction on the pre-processed image; the positioning core obtains the outline of the core by adopting a circle fitting mode and positions the circle center and the coordinates of the core.
5. The method for detecting the coated particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 4) of particle positioning comprises the following steps: after extracting the particle outline, judging the cladding outline, and marking as damaged particles when the cladding part is missing or the cladding part is broken or the core is lost; when both the detected profile of the core and the profile of the coating of the coated particle are intact, the particle is marked as intact and its position is marked.
6. The method for detecting the coated particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 5) analyzes and calculates: calculating the breakage rate of the coating particles in the metallographic sample according to the number of the coating particles and the breakage number of the surface to be detected; and establishing direction vectors outwards along a plurality of directions according to the central point of the core of the complete coating particle, finding out the edge points of each coating layer on the direction vectors, calculating to obtain the corresponding pixel average value of each coating layer, and calculating to obtain the actual size of each coating layer.
7. An apparatus for detecting coated particles, characterized in that image preprocessing, particle recognition, particle localization and analytical calculation are performed by an image acquisition and processing system according to the detection method of any one of claims 1 to 6; the image acquisition and processing system comprises a processor and a metallographic microscope, wherein a two-dimensional translation table is arranged below the metallographic microscope, and a dynamic calibration clamping device is arranged on the two-dimensional translation table and used for fixing a metallographic sample; the image acquisition and processing system and the two-dimensional translation stage are arranged on the rack.
8. The device for detecting the coated particles as claimed in claim 7, wherein the dynamic calibration clamping device comprises a bottom plate, a clamping seat is arranged on the bottom plate, a fixed block is arranged on the side opposite to the bayonet of the clamping seat, and a locking bolt is arranged on the fixed block and can be rotated to lock the metallographic sample in the bayonet; the calibration standard block comprises a transverse standard block and a longitudinal standard block which are perpendicular to each other.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the two-dimensional translation stage comprises a horizontal drive mechanism and a vertical drive mechanism, such that the two-dimensional translation stage can be adjusted in position in both horizontal and vertical directions.
10. The apparatus for detecting coated particles of claim 9, wherein the two-dimensional translation stage is adjustably controlled by an automatic control system to control the displacement in the horizontal and vertical directions.
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| EP2796917A1 (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-29 | Baden-Württemberg Stiftung gGmbH | A method for automated platform and/or reference object independent acquisition of positional information and localization of objects of interest in a microscope |
| CN203299107U (en) * | 2013-05-04 | 2013-11-20 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司唐山分公司 | Sample positioning scale of metallographic microscope |
| CN103778980A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-05-07 | 清华大学 | Method for measuring thickness of coating layer of coated fuel particles |
| CN106767458A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 中核北方核燃料元件有限公司 | Each thickness degree method for automatic measurement of coated fuel particles |
| CN107421963A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2017-12-01 | 重庆大学 | A kind of nuclear fuel green compact crack detection device and crack detecting method |
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