CN113567255A - Rock fracture testing device and rock fracture testing method - Google Patents
Rock fracture testing device and rock fracture testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113567255A CN113567255A CN202010359268.XA CN202010359268A CN113567255A CN 113567255 A CN113567255 A CN 113567255A CN 202010359268 A CN202010359268 A CN 202010359268A CN 113567255 A CN113567255 A CN 113567255A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0067—Fracture or rupture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Abstract
The invention provides a rock fracture testing device and a rock fracture testing method. Wherein, rock fracture testing arrangement for testing the rock that awaits measuring, the rock that awaits measuring has the preset hole, and rock fracture testing arrangement includes: a frame having a space for receiving a rock to be measured; the first force application device is arranged in the frame, and under the condition that the rock to be tested is arranged in the frame, the first force application device is positioned in the preset hole and comprises a first force application part, the first force application part is matched with the hole wall of the preset hole, the rock to be tested is provided with a preset crack communicated with the preset hole, the preset hole is rectangular, and the first force application part is abutted to the hole wall of the preset hole in parallel with the length direction of the preset crack. The technical scheme of the application effectively solves the problem that the gravel surrounding and gravel penetrating behaviors of the cracks in the conglomerate cannot be observed intuitively in the related technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rock mechanics in petroleum engineering, in particular to a rock fracture testing device and a rock fracture testing method.
Background
With the increasing expansion of energy demand, the demand for oil extraction is increasing. Conglomerate reservoirs are one of the key points for developing oil and gas reservoirs, and have important research and development significance. The conglomerate reservoir is mined mainly by adopting a hydraulic fracturing method. The hydraulic fracturing is an important exploitation means, and achieves a good application effect in the exploitation of the conglomerate oil reservoir. In the hydraulic fracturing process, the fracture morphology and behavior greatly affect the fracturing effect and oil and gas yield.
In the related art, a three-point bending fracture experiment is usually adopted to test the cracking process of the conglomerate fracture, and because the three-point bending fracture experiment is that two ends are fixed and the middle is pressed, and because the texture of the rock is brittle, the rock is easy to directly fracture in the experiment process, and the change of the fracture cannot be effectively observed. Therefore, the observation range of the three-point bending fracture experiment is small, the fracture is not easy to control, the defect that confining pressure cannot be applied can lead experimenters to effectively obtain experimental data, and even if the experimental data are obtained through the three-point bending fracture experiment, the experimental result is inaccurate due to the small observation range, and scientific prediction can not be carried out on the fracture process of the fracture.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a rock fracture testing device and a rock fracture testing method, so as to solve the problem that the gravel surrounding and gravel penetrating behaviors of cracks in gravel cannot be visually observed in the related art.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rock fracture testing apparatus for testing a rock to be tested, the rock to be tested having a preset hole, the rock fracture testing apparatus comprising: a frame having a space for receiving a rock to be measured; the first force application device is arranged in the frame, and under the condition that the rock to be tested is arranged in the frame, the first force application device is positioned in the preset hole and comprises a first force application part, the first force application part is matched with the hole wall of the preset hole, the rock to be tested is provided with a preset crack communicated with the preset hole, the preset hole is rectangular, and the first force application part is abutted to the hole wall of the preset hole in parallel with the length direction of the preset crack.
Further, the first force application device further comprises a piston cavity and a first piston, the first piston is movably arranged in the piston cavity, and the first force application member is connected to the first piston.
Furthermore, the first force application device further comprises a second piston and a second force application member, the second piston is arranged in the piston cavity and is symmetrical to the first piston, and the force application direction of the second force application member is opposite to that of the first force application member.
Further, the first force application member comprises a first force application plate and a first piston rod, and the first piston rod is connected between the first force application plate and the first piston.
Further, the second force application member comprises a second force application plate and a second piston rod, and the second piston rod is connected between the second force application plate and the second piston.
Further, first force applying device still includes annotates liquid pipe, pressure collector and pump, annotates the first end and the piston chamber intercommunication of liquid pipe and is located between first piston and the second piston, annotates the second end and the pump intercommunication of liquid pipe, and pressure collector installs on annotating the liquid pipe and is located between pump and the piston chamber.
Furthermore, the frame comprises a first fixed frame body and a second fixed frame body which are arranged adjacently, and the rock fracture testing device further comprises a second force application device arranged opposite to the first fixed frame body and a third force application device arranged opposite to the second fixed frame body.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rock fracture testing method, comprising the steps of: step S10: arranging a preset hole on the rock blank to obtain a rock to be detected; step S20: fixing the rock to be detected; step S30: applying pressure to the hole wall of the preset hole of the rock to be tested; step S40: and collecting pressure and carrying out image collection on the surface of the rock to be detected.
Further, in step S10, the method further includes: setting a preset crack on the rock blank, wherein the preset crack is communicated with a preset hole; in step S40, an image acquisition is performed for the pre-set crack.
Further, in step S10, two preset cracks are provided on the rock blank, and the two preset cracks are symmetrically provided along the preset hole; in step S20, fixing two adjacent sides of the rock to be tested by using the frame, and applying pressure to the other two adjacent sides of the rock to be tested; in step S30, two hole walls of the preset hole parallel to the length direction of the preset crack are pressed simultaneously.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the preset hole is manufactured on the rock to be tested, the rock to be tested is installed in the frame, the first force application device is installed in the preset hole, the first force application device comprises a first force application part, and the first force application part is matched with the hole wall of the preset hole and applies force to the hole wall of the preset hole. Through the effect of first application of force spare for preset hole department fracture, and then can observe the process of rock fracture more directly perceivedly. Therefore, the technical scheme of the application effectively solves the problem that the gravel surrounding and gravel penetrating behaviors of the cracks in the conglomerate cannot be observed intuitively in the related technology. Meanwhile, the preset hole and the preset crack are arranged, so that the crack test effect of the rock to be tested is better, and the experiment time is saved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
figure 1 shows a schematic front view of an embodiment of a rock fracture testing apparatus according to the present invention;
figure 2 shows a schematic perspective view of a first force applying means of the rock fracture testing apparatus of figure 1; and
fig. 3 shows a schematic flow diagram of an embodiment of the rock fracture testing method according to the invention.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
1. rock to be detected; 2. presetting a hole; 3. presetting a crack; 10. a frame; 11. a first fixed frame; 12. a second fixed frame; 20. a first force applying device; 21. a first force application member; 211. a first force application plate; 212. a first piston rod; 22. a piston cavity; 23. a first piston; 24. a second piston; 25. a second force applying member; 251. a second force application plate; 252. a second piston rod; 26. a liquid injection pipe; 27. a pressure collector; 28. a pump; 30. a second force applying device; 40. and a third force application device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the rock fracture testing apparatus is used for testing a rock 1 to be tested, the rock 1 to be tested has a preset hole 2, and the rock fracture testing apparatus includes: a frame 10 and a first force applying means 20. The frame 10 has a space for accommodating the rock 1 to be measured. The first force application device 20 is installed in the frame 10, and under the condition that the rock 1 to be tested is placed in the frame 10, the first force application device 20 is located in the preset hole 2, the first force application device 20 comprises a first force application member 21, and the first force application member 21 is matched with the hole wall of the preset hole 2.
By using the technical scheme of the embodiment, the preset hole 2 is formed in the rock 1 to be tested, the rock 1 to be tested is installed in the frame 10, the first force application device 20 is installed in the preset hole 2, the first force application device 20 comprises the first force application member 21, and the first force application member 21 is matched with the hole wall of the preset hole 2 and applies force to the hole wall of the preset hole 2. The preset hole 2 is cracked under the action of the first force applying piece 21, and then the cracking process of the rock can be observed visually. Therefore, the technical scheme of the embodiment effectively solves the problem that the gravel surrounding and gravel penetrating behaviors of the cracks in the conglomerate cannot be intuitively observed in the related technology.
In this embodiment, the preset hole 2 is rectangular, and the preset hole 2 is cut by a jig saw, and the specific method includes: firstly, drawing the position of a preset hole 2 on the surface of a rock 1 to be detected by a pencil; drilling a shaft with the diameter of 1mm through the center positions of the four corners of the preset hole 2 by using a bench drill; putting a jig saw blade into a shaft to cut along the handwriting line; finally, the preset hole 2 is obtained.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the rock 1 to be measured has a preset crack 3 communicated with the preset hole 2, the preset hole 2 is rectangular, and the first force application member 21 abuts against a hole wall of the preset hole 2 parallel to the length direction of the preset crack 3. The preset crack 3 limits the cracking direction of the rock 1 to be tested, so that the cracking effect is better. The force application direction of the first force application member 21 is perpendicular to the preset crack 3, so that the cracking effect is further better.
In the present embodiment, the size of the rock 1 to be measured is 200mm × 300mm × 30mm, the size of the preset hole is 80mm × 6mm, and the length of the preset crack 3 is 10 mm. Of course, the rock fracture testing device of the present embodiment can test rocks 1 to be tested in various sizes, and is not limited to the above given sizes.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the first force application device 20 further includes a piston cavity 22 and a first piston 23, the first piston 23 is movably installed inside the piston cavity 22, and the first force application member 21 is connected to the first piston 23. The first force application member 21 is pushed by the movement of the first piston 23, and the first piston 23 has a simple structure and a good force application effect.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the first force application device 20 further includes a second piston 24 and a second force application member 25, the second piston 24 is installed inside the piston cavity 22 and is arranged symmetrically with the first piston 23, and the second force application member 25 is opposite to the force application direction of the first force application member 21. The first force application member 21 and the second force application member 25 simultaneously apply force to the two opposite hole wall hole walls, and because the first piston 23 and the second piston 24 are both installed inside the piston cavity 22, the force applied to the two hole walls by the first force application member 21 and the second force application member 25 is the same, so that the cracks are more uniformly cracked, and the cracking direction of the cracks can be limited.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the first force application member 21 includes a first force application plate 211 and a first piston rod 212, the first piston rod 212 is connected between the first force application plate 211 and the first piston 23, the second force application member 25 includes a second force application plate 251 and a second piston rod 252, and the second piston rod 252 is connected between the second force application plate 251 and the second piston 24. The contact area between the first force application plate 211 and the second force application plate 251 and the hole wall is larger, so that the force application is more uniform, and the phenomenon that the applied force acts on one point to cause the cracking of the side wall of the applied force and influence the cracking process of the crack to be observed can be effectively prevented.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the first force applying device 20 further includes a liquid pouring tube 26, a pressure collector 27 and a pump 28, a first end of the liquid pouring tube 26 is communicated with the piston chamber 22 and is positioned between the first piston 23 and the second piston 24, a second end of the liquid pouring tube 26 is communicated with the pump 28, and the pressure collector 27 is mounted on the liquid pouring tube 26 and is positioned between the pump 28 and the piston chamber 22. The pressure collector 27 can monitor the liquid pressure in the liquid injection pipe 26 and inject liquid into the piston chamber 22 by arranging a pump 28, and the connection position of the liquid injection pipe 26 and the piston chamber 22 is positioned between the first piston 23 and the second piston 24, so that the first piston 23 and the second piston 24 move simultaneously.
In the embodiment not shown in the figure, three liquid injection pipes are arranged, two liquid injection pipes are respectively arranged at two ends of the piston cavity, and the other liquid injection pipe is arranged at a position between the two pistons. The two pistons are pressurized by sucking liquid between the side wall of the piston cavity and the piston and injecting liquid into the piston cavity between the two pistons, so that the pistons move to push against the side wall of the preset hole.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the frame 10 includes a first fixed frame 11 and a second fixed frame 12 which are adjacently disposed, the first fixed frame 11 and the second fixed frame 12 are connected to form an L-shape, and the rock fracture testing apparatus further includes a second force applying device 30 disposed opposite to the first fixed frame 11 and a third force applying device 40 disposed opposite to the second fixed frame 12. First fixed framework 11 and the fixed framework 12 of second can carry on spacingly to rock 1 that awaits measuring to through third force applying device 40 and second force applying device 30 to rock 1 that awaits measuring exert the level confining pressure, set up through third force applying device 40 and second force applying device 30 simultaneously, make this experimental apparatus can test to the rock 1 that awaits measuring of multiple size, make the accuracy of experiment higher. In the embodiment not shown in the drawings, the second force application device and the third force application device may not be provided, and in this case, the frame needs to be rectangular.
In the present embodiment, the second force application device 30 and the third force application device 40 include a first foot valve and a second foot valve, respectively. Putting the rock 1 to be tested into a rock fracture testing device, enabling the first force application device 20 to be placed in the preset hole 2, stepping on and pressing the two foot valves to enable the second force application device 30 and the third force application device 40 to respectively push the rock 1 to be tested, and since the other two sides of the rock 1 to be tested are in contact with the first fixed frame body 11 and the second fixed frame body 12, water pressure is gradually applied to the rock 1 to be tested for confining pressure, and when the pressure displayed by a pressure gauge on the foot valves reaches a preset value, stepping on and pressing the foot valves is stopped.
The application also provides a rock fracture testing method, as shown in fig. 3, the rock fracture testing method comprises the following steps: step S10: arranging a preset hole 2 on the rock blank to obtain a rock 1 to be detected; step S20: fixing the rock 1 to be detected; step S30: applying pressure to the hole wall of a preset hole 2 of the rock 1 to be tested; step S40: pressure is collected and an image of the surface of the rock 1 to be measured is collected. Through the steps, the rock 1 to be tested can be effectively tested, so that the test effect is better and more accurate.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, a rectangular preset hole 2 is cut on a rock blank, two preset cracks 3 are cut at two corresponding hole walls of the preset hole 2, cutting the rock blank into a rectangle to form a rock 1 to be tested, installing the rock 1 to be tested in a rock fracture testing device, at the same time, horizontal confining pressure is applied to the rock 1 to be tested to fix the rock 1 to be tested, the pump 28 is started and protective pressure is set, and then the rock 1 to be tested is preloaded, and the preloading process is carried out at a faster liquid injection rate, so that the first force application device 20 can be rapidly contacted with the hole wall of the preset hole 2, i.e., the first force application plate 211 and the second force application plate 251, are in contact with the wall of the preset hole 2, during which the liquid pressure in the liquid injection pipe 26 is gradually increased, stopping annotating after reaching protective pressure, can practice thrift test time effectively through above-mentioned setting. And then formally pressurizing, injecting liquid at a slower speed so as to enable the test effect to be more accurate, and simultaneously starting a pressure acquisition and high-speed camera to record the pressure of the rock 1 to be tested and the change of the surface crack.
In this embodiment, the pressure data in the liquid pouring spout 26 is collected by the pressure collector 27, and the magnitude of the force acting on the wall of the preset hole 2 by the first force applying plate 211 and the second force applying plate 251 can be converted into S, and if the areas of the first piston 23 and the second piston 24 are both S and the pressure of the liquid in the liquid pouring spout 26 is P, the force acting on the wall of the preset hole 2 by the first force applying plate 211 and the second force applying plate 251 is F ═ PS.
As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, in step S10, the method further includes: a preset crack 3 is arranged on the rock blank body, and the preset crack 3 is communicated with the preset hole 2; in step S40, an image acquisition is performed for the preset crack 3. The image acquisition in the step S40 is realized through a high-speed camera, the high-speed camera is positioned right above the center of the rock 1 to be detected, and a lens of the high-speed camera is perpendicular to the plane of the rock 1 to be detected and fixed at a certain height through a support, so that the whole area of the rock 1 to be detected can be shot, and the process of crack cracking can be better observed.
As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, in step S10, two preset cracks 3 are provided on the rock blank, and the two preset cracks 3 are symmetrically provided along the preset hole 2; in step S20, fixing two adjacent sides of the rock 1 to be tested by using the frame, and pressing the other two adjacent sides of the rock 1 to be tested; in step S30, two hole walls of the preset hole 2 parallel to the longitudinal direction of the preset slit 3 are pressed simultaneously. Two preset cracks 3 are arranged oppositely, and the cracking directions of the cracks can be limited through the two preset cracks 3, so that observation is facilitated.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and in the case of not making a reverse description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A rock fracture testing device for testing a rock (1) to be tested, characterized in that the rock (1) to be tested has a preset hole (2), the rock fracture testing device comprising:
a frame (10) having a space for accommodating the rock (1) to be tested;
the first force application device (20) is installed in the frame (10), under the condition that the rock (1) to be tested is placed in the frame (10), the first force application device (20) is located in the preset hole (2), the first force application device (20) comprises a first force application piece (21), the first force application piece (21) is matched with the hole wall of the preset hole (2),
the rock (1) to be tested is provided with a preset crack (3) communicated with the preset hole (2), the preset hole (2) is rectangular, and the first force application piece (21) is abutted to the hole wall of the preset hole (2) in a direction parallel to the length direction of the preset crack (3).
2. The rock fracture testing device of claim 1, wherein the first force applying device (20) further comprises a piston cavity (22) and a first piston (23), the first piston (23) being movably mounted inside the piston cavity (22), the first force applying member (21) being connected to the first piston (23).
3. The rock fracture testing device of claim 2, wherein the first force applying device (20) further comprises a second piston (24) and a second force applying member (25), the second piston (24) is installed inside the piston cavity (22) and is arranged symmetrically with the first piston (23), and the second force applying member (25) is opposite to the force applying direction of the first force applying member (21).
4. The rock fracture testing device of claim 3, wherein the first force applying member (21) comprises a first force applying plate (211) and a first piston rod (212), the first piston rod (212) being connected between the first force applying plate (211) and the first piston (23).
5. The rock fracture testing device of claim 3, wherein the second force applying member (25) comprises a second force applying plate (251) and a second piston rod (252), the second piston rod (252) being connected between the second force applying plate (251) and the second piston (24).
6. The rock fracture testing device of claim 3, wherein the first force applying device (20) further comprises a liquid injection pipe (26), a pressure collector (27) and a pump (28), a first end of the liquid injection pipe (26) is communicated with the piston cavity (22) and is positioned between the first piston (23) and the second piston (24), a second end of the liquid injection pipe (26) is communicated with the pump (28), and the pressure collector (27) is mounted on the liquid injection pipe (26) and is positioned between the pump (28) and the piston cavity (22).
7. The rock fracture testing device of claim 1, wherein the frame (10) comprises a first fixed frame (11) and a second fixed frame (12) arranged adjacently, the rock fracture testing device further comprising a second force applying device (30) arranged opposite the first fixed frame (11) and a third force applying device (40) arranged opposite the second fixed frame (12).
8. A rock fracture testing method, characterized in that the rock fracture testing method comprises the following steps:
step S10: arranging a preset hole (2) on the rock blank to obtain a rock (1) to be detected;
step S20: fixing the rock (1) to be tested;
step S30: applying pressure to the hole wall of the preset hole (2) of the rock (1) to be tested;
step S40: pressure is collected and image collection is carried out on the surface of the rock (1) to be measured.
9. The rock fracture testing method of claim 8,
the step S10 further includes: a preset crack (3) is arranged on the rock blank body, and the preset crack (3) is communicated with the preset hole (2);
in step S40, the image acquisition is performed for the pre-set crack (3).
10. The rock fracture testing method of claim 8,
in the step S10, two preset cracks (3) are arranged on the rock blank, and the two preset cracks (3) are symmetrically arranged along the preset hole (2);
in the step S20, fixing two adjacent side edges of the rock (1) to be tested by using a frame, and pressing the other two adjacent side edges of the rock (1) to be tested;
in the step S30, two hole walls of the preset hole (2) parallel to the length direction of the preset crack (3) are pressed simultaneously.
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