CN113566616A - Vertical multi-inlet quenching heat exchanger applied to inlet fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical multi-inlet quenching heat exchanger applied to inlet fluid, and relates to the technical field of heat exchangers. The collecting pipe is arranged at the upper end of the lower sealing head, connecting pipes are arranged at two ends of the collecting pipe, and the enclosing shell is arranged at the upper end of the collecting pipe; at equipment operation initial stage, gaseous slowing down in the faster interior air guide pipe of gaseous velocity of flow through setting up the speed reduction cavity, make its gas flow reduce as to the same level of outer air guide pipe, and then guarantee the even of each entrance fluid distribution of this time quantum, after equipment operation certain time, accumulate the cracked gas through setting up the air guide cavity, and form high pressure environment, and then make the cracked gas evenly gush into in each branch road air inlet that the diameter is the same under the pressure effect, thereby guarantee at each operating interval, the even of different entrance cracked gas distributions, and then improve heat exchanger working effect.

Description

Vertical multi-inlet quenching heat exchanger applied to inlet fluid

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, in particular to a vertical multi-inlet quenching heat exchanger applied to inlet fluid.

Background

The quenching heat exchanger is key equipment with very strong manufacturability in an ethylene cracking device. The quenching heat exchanger mainly undertakes two tasks, one is to rapidly cool the high-temperature pyrolysis gas at about 800 ℃ to the temperature below the secondary reaction temperature, so as to reduce the olefin loss; secondly, the high-level heat energy of the cracked gas is recovered as much as possible, and high-pressure steam of about 12.0MPa is generated. The gas side of the quenching heat exchanger is composed of three parts of an inlet distributor heat exchange tube and an outlet header, the cracked gas is decelerated all the way (generally <10 m/s) through the inlet distributor for pressure expansion, so that the kinetic energy of the gas is converted into static pressure as much as possible, the flow distribution nonuniformity of the gas entering the heat exchange tube due to the over-high and nonuniform gas flow velocity and unequal inlet gas flow attack angle at the inlet of each heat exchange tube can be reduced, the distributor is required to uniformly distribute the gas into each heat exchange tube, generally, the maximum possible deviation of the flow is less than +/-10%, meanwhile, the retention time of the gas in the distributor is reduced as much as possible, and a dead-lag vortex area is avoided, so that the secondary reaction of the cracked gas is inhibited, and the income of ethylene products is ensured.

1. In the prior art, a vertical multi-inlet quenching heat exchanger is often subjected to the problem of uneven inlet fluid distribution in the use process, so that the fluid distribution in each heat exchange branch is different, the heat exchange state and efficiency are affected differently, and the heat exchange effect of the heat exchanger is reduced;

2. in the prior art, various water pipelines are often arranged in the rapid cooling heat exchanger, scale is often generated in the pipeline paths, and the common connection path of the water pipeline in the rapid cooling heat exchanger and a sewage pipeline is longer, so that the scale is easily accumulated in the long-term use process, and the normal operation of equipment is influenced;

3. in the prior art, the feeding end of the quenching heat exchanger is used as a part which is firstly contacted with the cracked gas, the temperature difference between the two ends of the quenching heat exchanger is large, high-pressure gas impact is received for a long time, loss is easy to occur, the part of the common heat exchanger is directly fixed with a lower end socket, replacement and maintenance are inconvenient, the equipment maintenance time is prolonged, long-time shutdown is needed in the equipment maintenance process, and economic loss is large.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a vertical multiple-inlet quench heat exchanger for use with inlet fluids to address the problems set forth above in the background.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a vertical multi-inlet quenching heat exchanger applied to inlet fluid comprises a lower end enclosure, a collecting pipe, a lower water header, an enclosure and a switching pipe, wherein the collecting pipe is arranged at the upper end of the lower end enclosure, connecting pipes are arranged at two ends of the collecting pipe, the enclosure is arranged at the upper end of the collecting pipe, the collecting pipe is also arranged at the upper end of the enclosure, the collecting pipes at the upper side and the lower side of the enclosure are respectively and fixedly connected with the upper water header and the lower water header through the connecting pipes, an outer pipe is arranged inside the enclosure, an inner pipe is arranged inside the outer pipe, a discharging pipe is arranged above the enclosure, and the switching pipe is arranged below the lower end enclosure;

the inner part of the lower end socket is provided with a directional block, an air guide cavity is arranged below the directional block, a spherical spray head is arranged in the air guide cavity, the lower end of the spherical spray head is fixedly connected with a relay pipe, outer air guide pipes are uniformly arranged in the relay pipe, an inner air guide pipe is arranged between the outer air guide pipes, the middle part of the inner air guide pipe is connected with a speed reduction cavity in series, the outer air guide pipe and the inner air guide pipe extend to the upper surface of the spherical spray head to form a nozzle, and the lower end of the relay pipe is fixedly connected with a switching female flange;

the upper end fixedly connected with adapter flange of switching pipe, the draw-in groove has been seted up to the upper surface of adapter flange, the inside of draw-in groove is provided with expands the stay head, flange under the lower extreme fixedly connected with of switching pipe, pyrolysis gas entry has been seted up to the inside of switching pipe, pyrolysis gas entry's inner wall is provided with outer guide plate, the inside of outer guide plate is provided with interior guide plate, the inside of interior guide plate is provided with the spreader cone.

Furthermore, the inner tube extends into the directional block and deflects in the directional block to form branch air inlets, the lower wall of the directional block is a spherical cambered surface, the spherical center of the spherical nozzle is the same as the spherical center of the lower surface of the directional block, the nozzles are radially arranged on the upper half part of the spherical nozzle and are in one-to-one correspondence with the branch air inlets, and the nozzles and the branch air inlets which are mutually corresponding are positioned on the extension line with the same radius.

Furthermore, the air guide cavity is arranged in a sealing mode, the side wall of the air guide cavity is made of pressure-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, and a pressure sensor is arranged in the air guide cavity to detect the pressure of the gas in the air guide cavity.

Furthermore, the cross section of the speed reduction cavity is fan-shaped, and the cross section area of the speed reduction cavity is larger than that of the inner air guide pipe, so that the effect of reducing the speed of the air in the inner air guide pipe is realized.

Furthermore, the connecting pipe is annularly sleeved on the outer side of the collecting pipe mounting part, and a sewage discharge pipeline communicated with the lower water header and the upper water header is arranged in the connecting pipe, so that the shortest connecting path between the collecting pipe and the sewage discharge pipeline is realized.

Furthermore, the lower surface of the adapter female flange is provided with a protrusion, and the shape of the protrusion, the size of the cross section and the arrangement position and the shape of the thread are consistent with those of the adapter sub flange and the clamping groove.

Further, outer guide plate is attached on the inner wall of pyrolysis gas entry, the lower extreme of reposition of redundant personnel awl, interior guide plate and outer guide plate all is sharp-pointed form, and the upper end intercommunication to form circular hole in the switching pipe upper end, expand the setting of propping the head in circular hole.

Further, expand the stay head and be cross arrangement in the adapter tube, and each limit is arranged and is had two, outer air duct and interior air duct are at the opening of female flange lower surface of adapter tube and expand stay head one-to-one, expand the stay head and use the wear-resisting corrosion-resistant material that has certain elasticity, its top is contracted, and first joint is closely laminated with it inner wall inside outer air duct and the interior air duct that correspond.

Furthermore, the upper end of the discharging pipe is provided with an upper connecting flange, the gas is guided out after heat exchange is realized through the matching and connection of the upper connecting flange and the gas outlet pipeline, and the gas is input through the matching and connection of the lower connecting flange and the feeding pipeline.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a vertical multi-inlet quenching heat exchanger applied to inlet fluid, which has the following beneficial effects:

1. this be applied to fluidic vertical many entries rapid cooling heat exchanger of entry, at equipment operation initial stage, gaseous speed reduction in the faster interior air duct of gas velocity of flow through setting up the speed reduction cavity, make its gas flow reduce as to the same level of outer air duct, and then guarantee the even of each entrance fluid distribution of this time quantum, after equipment operation certain time, accumulate the cracked gas through setting up the air duct cavity, and form high-pressure environment, and then make the cracked gas evenly gush into in each branch road air inlet that the diameter is the same under the pressure effect, thereby guarantee at each operating interval, the even of different entrance cracked gas distributions, and then improve heat exchanger working effect.

2. This be applied to fluidic vertical many entrances rapid cooling heat exchanger of entry, encircle the position outside that sets up being equipped with the pressure manifold through setting up the connecting pipe, with pressure manifold and lower water header and the direct intercommunication of header, reduce the pressure manifold to the interior sewage pipes's of lower water header and header distance between, reduce the dwell time of rivers in the pipeline to reduce the deposit of incrustation scale in equipment, thereby reduce the corruption of incrustation scale to equipment inside.

3. This be applied to fluidic vertical many entrances rapid cooling heat exchanger of entry, through setting up the structure of switching pipe at first contact cracked gas under as equipment operating condition, compromise the function of shunting cracked gas simultaneously, concentrate main loss in the equipment operation in an independent branch piece, when the equipment takes place the loss, the switching pipe is as main loss position, its both ends utilize adapter flange and lower flange to establish ties at the heat transfer in-process, the replacement is convenient, the necessity of carrying out the dismouting to the equipment main part has been reduced, thereby the step of maintaining equipment has been simplified, shorten the maintenance time, reduce the economic loss who brings because of the loss.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical multiple-inlet quench heat exchanger for use with inlet fluid according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a lower head structure of a vertical multiple-inlet quench heat exchanger applied to inlet fluid according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a vertical multiple inlet quench heat exchanger according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an adapter tube structure of a vertical multiple-inlet quench heat exchanger for use with inlet fluid according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a bottom view of a cracked gas inlet structure of a vertical multiple-inlet quench heat exchanger applied to an inlet fluid according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a lower end enclosure; 101. an orientation block; 102. an air guide cavity; 103. a spherical nozzle; 104. a relay pipe; 105. an outer airway tube; 106. an inner gas-guide tube; 107. a deceleration cavity; 108. a spout; 109. adapting a female flange; 2. a header pipe; 3. a connecting pipe; 4. a sewage header; 5. an enclosing shell; 6. an outer tube; 7. an inner tube; 701. a branch air inlet; 8. a water feeding header; 9. a discharge pipe; 901. an upper connecting flange; 10. a transfer tube; 1001. an adaptor flange; 1002. a card slot; 1003. expanding the supporting head; 1004. a lower connecting flange; 1005. a pyrolysis gas inlet; 1006. a spreader cone; 1007. an inner baffle; 1008. an outer baffle.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-5, a vertical multiple-inlet quenching heat exchanger applied to inlet fluid comprises a lower end enclosure 1, a collecting pipe 2, a lower water header 4, an enclosure 5 and a transfer pipe 10, wherein the upper end of the lower end enclosure 1 is provided with the collecting pipe 2, two ends of the collecting pipe 2 are provided with connecting pipes 3, the upper end of the collecting pipe 2 is provided with the enclosure 5, the upper end of the enclosure 5 is also provided with the collecting pipe 2, the collecting pipes 2 on the upper side and the lower side of the enclosure 5 are respectively and fixedly connected with an upper water header 8 and a lower water header 4 through the connecting pipes 3, an outer pipe 6 is arranged inside the enclosure 5, an inner pipe 7 is arranged inside the outer pipe 6, a discharge pipe 9 is arranged above the enclosure 5, the transfer pipe 10 is arranged below the lower end enclosure 1, an orientation block 101 is arranged inside the lower end enclosure 1, and an air guide cavity 102 is arranged below the orientation block 101, the inner part of the air guide cavity 102 is provided with a spherical spray head 103, the lower end of the spherical spray head 103 is fixedly connected with a relay pipe 104, outer air guide pipes 105 are uniformly arranged in the relay pipe 104, an inner air guide pipe 106 is arranged between the outer air guide pipes 105, the middle part of the inner air guide pipe 106 is connected with a speed reduction cavity 107 in series, the outer air guide pipe 105 and the inner air guide pipe 106 extend to the upper surface of the spherical spray head 103 to form a spray opening 108, and the lower end of the relay pipe 104 is fixedly connected with a switching female flange 109.

The upper end fixedly connected with adapter flange 1001 of adapter pipe 10, draw-in groove 1002 has been seted up to the upper surface of adapter flange 1001, the inside of draw-in groove 1002 is provided with expands and props head 1003, flange 1004 is down connected with to the lower extreme fixedly connected with of adapter pipe 10, and pyrolysis gas entry 1005 has been seted up to the inside of adapter pipe 10, the inner wall of pyrolysis gas entry 1005 is provided with outer guide plate 1008, the inside of outer guide plate 1008 is provided with interior guide plate 1007, the inside of interior guide plate 1007 is provided with spreader cone 1006.

The inner pipe 7 extends into the directional block 101 and deflects in the directional block 101 to form branch air inlets 701, the lower wall of the directional block 101 is a spherical arc surface, the spherical center of the spherical nozzle 103 is the same as the spherical center of the lower surface of the directional block 101, the nozzles 108 are radially arranged on the upper half part of the spherical nozzle 103 and are in one-to-one correspondence with the branch air inlets 701, the nozzles 108 and the branch air inlets 701 which are mutually corresponding are positioned on the same radius extension line, pyrolysis gas received by the spherical nozzle 103 is radially sprayed out through each nozzle 108, each branch air inlet 701 is in one-to-one correspondence with the nozzle 108, the gas is directly received and guided into the inner pipe 7 to participate in subsequent heat exchange work, the connectivity between the air inlet pipeline and the heat exchange pipeline is enhanced, and the loss of the gas when the gas enters the heat exchange pipeline from the air inlet pipeline is reduced.

Wherein, the gas guide cavity 102 is sealed, the side wall of the gas guide cavity 102 is made of pressure-resistant corrosion-resistant material, a pressure sensor is arranged in the gas guide cavity 102 to detect the gas pressure in the gas guide cavity 102, when the cracked gas is sprayed out from the nozzle 108 and enters the branch gas inlets 701, the gas flow pressure is inevitably reduced, so that part of the gas is retained in the gas guide cavity 102, after working for a certain time, a certain amount of cracked gas is accumulated to form a stable pressure environment, which is helpful for ensuring the consistency of the gas flow received by each branch gas inlet 701, when part of the inner tubes 7 in the equipment are in fault, the pressure environment in the gas guide cavity 102 is changed accordingly, and through the detection of the pressure sensor, the pressure change data can be obtained in real time to judge whether the equipment is in fault, the pressure sensor mentioned in the embodiment is a common sensor device in the chemical industry, the structure and principle are the existing mature technology, and are not described herein again.

Wherein, the cross section of the decelerating cavity 107 is fan-shaped, and the cross section area is larger than the cross section area of the inner air duct 106, so as to realize the decelerating effect of the gas in the inner air duct 106, when the content of the cracked gas in the air duct cavity 102 is low, the moving path of the gas in the outer air duct 105 is longer than the moving path of the gas in the inner air duct 106 in the process that the cracked gas reaches the nozzle 108 through the inner air duct 106 and the outer air duct 105 and enters the corresponding branch air inlet 701, the gas pressure in the outer air duct 105 is inevitably lower than the gas pressure in the inner air duct 106 in the long-distance conveying process, so that the gas flow in the outer air duct 105 is lower than the gas flow in the inner air duct 106, and the gas flow in the path is equivalent to the gas flow in the path of the outer air duct 105 by buffering the pressure of the gas in the inner air duct 106 through the decelerating cavity 107, thereby ensuring the uniform fluid distribution in the initial stage of the equipment operation.

The connecting pipe 3 is annularly sleeved outside the mounting part of the collecting pipe 2, a sewage discharge pipeline communicated with the lower header 4 and the upper header 8 is arranged in the connecting pipe, the shortest connecting path between the collecting pipe 2 and the sewage discharge pipeline is realized, the collecting pipe 2 is used as a structural part for introducing water flow for a long time, the length of the path between the collecting pipe and the sewage discharge pipeline often determines the accumulation amount of scale formed inside the collecting pipe and the discharge efficiency of the scale, the connecting pipe 3 is directly embedded outside the mounting part of the collecting pipe 2 and is directly communicated with the lower header 4 and the upper header 8, the path between the collecting pipe 2 and the sewage discharge pipeline is shortest, so that the scale accumulation is reduced, the corrosion of the scale to the inside of equipment is prevented, and the equipment loss is reduced.

The lower surface of the adapting female flange 109 is provided with a protrusion, the shape, the cross section size and the arrangement position and the shape of the thread of the adapting female flange 109 are consistent with those of the adapting male flange 1001 and the clamping groove 1002, the adapting female flange 109 and the adapting male flange 1001 are mutually matched to play a role in connecting the adapting pipe 10 and the lower end enclosure 1, the airtightness of the joint is enhanced by the clamping connection of the protrusion on the lower surface of the adapting female flange 109 and the clamping groove 1002, and the gas shunted in the adapting pipe 10 can enter each pipeline in the lower end enclosure 1 in a loss-free state.

The outer guide plate 1008 is attached to the inner wall of the pyrolysis gas inlet 1005, the lower ends of the diversion cone 1006, the inner guide plate 1007 and the outer guide plate 1008 are all sharp, the upper ends of the diversion cone 1006, the inner guide plate 1007 and the outer guide plate 1008 are communicated, a circular hole is formed in the upper end of the adapter tube 10, the expanding head 1003 is arranged in the circular hole, the diversion cone 1006, the inner guide plate 1007 and the outer guide plate 1008 divide pyrolysis gas entering from the pyrolysis gas inlet 1005, the pyrolysis gas enters into paths corresponding to all pipelines in the lower seal head 1, the pressurization effect on the gas is achieved, and the gas can normally enter the inner tube 7 through the lower seal head 1 to participate in heat exchange.

Wherein, the expanding heads 1003 are arranged in a cross shape in the adapter tube 10, and two are arranged on each side, the openings of the outer air ducts 105 and the inner air ducts 106 on the lower surface of the adapting female flange 109 are in one-to-one correspondence with the expanding heads 1003, the expanding heads 1003 are made of a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material with certain elasticity, the top end of the connecting tube is contracted, the upper half part of the connecting tube is clamped in the corresponding outer air duct 105 and inner air duct 106 and is tightly attached to the inner wall of the connecting tube, the cross-shaped expanding heads 1003 ensure that the air in the connecting tube 10 can be uniformly distributed in the shunting process, thereby ensuring the gas sprayed out of the nozzle 108 to be uniformly distributed, further improving the heat exchange effect of the fluid, meanwhile, the top end of the expanding head 1003 is contracted, so that the smoothness of the adapter tube 10 during installation is improved, the upper half part of the connecting pipe is clamped in the corresponding outer air duct 105 and the inner air duct 106 and is tightly attached to the inner wall of the connecting pipe, so that the sealing performance of the connecting pipe 10 and the lower end socket 1 is ensured.

The upper end of the discharge pipe 9 is provided with an upper connecting flange 901, the gas after heat exchange is led out by the matching and connection of the upper connecting flange 901 and a gas outlet pipeline, the gas is input by the matching and connection of a lower connecting flange 1004 and a feeding pipeline, the device is connected with an integral processing pipeline in series by the upper connecting flange 901 and the lower connecting flange 1004, the adapter pipe 10 has larger structural loss when being firstly contacted with cracked gas in the working process, and the adapter pipe is connected between heat exchanger equipment and a fluid running pipeline in series by an adapter flange 1001 and the lower connecting flange 1004, so that the local replacement of a high-loss part is realized, and the overall overhaul process of the equipment is simplified.

When the device is used, the upper connecting flange 901 is communicated with the gas outlet pipeline, the adapter tube 10 is connected below the adapter female flange 109 by using the adapter sub-flange 1001, the upper end of the expansion head 1003 is inserted into the outer gas guide tube 105 and the inner gas guide tube 106, the lower connecting flange 1004 is communicated with the gas inlet pipeline, the assembly of the whole device is completed, the input cracking gas is divided by arranging the adapter tube 10 to correspond to different branch gas inlets 701, in the initial stage of the operation of the device, the speed reduction cavity 107 reduces the speed of the gas in the inner gas guide tube 106 with higher gas flow speed to the same level of the outer gas guide tube 105, so as to ensure the uniform distribution of the fluid at each inlet of the time period, in the operation process of the device, the gas guide cavity 102 is gradually filled with the cracking gas, at the moment, the outer gas guide tube 105 and the inner gas guide tube 106 continuously send the cracking gas to improve the gas pressure in the gas guide cavity 102, cracked gas is evenly discharged from each branch gas inlet 701 under the action of air pressure and enters the inner pipe 7 to participate in heat exchange, the cracked gas entering the inner pipe 7 is sent out through the discharge pipe 9 above the cracked gas after heat exchange, and condensed liquid used in the heat exchange process is sent in and sent out through the lower water header 4 and the upper water header 8.

In summary, in the vertical multi-inlet quenching heat exchanger applied to inlet fluid, at the initial stage of operation of the equipment, the gas in the inner gas guide tube 106 with a fast gas flow velocity is decelerated by the deceleration cavity 107, so that the gas flow is reduced to the same level as the outer gas guide tube 105, and further the fluid distribution at each inlet in the time period is ensured to be uniform, after the equipment operates for a certain time, the cracked gas is accumulated by the gas guide cavity 102, and a high-pressure environment is formed, so that the cracked gas uniformly flows into each branch gas inlet 701 with the same diameter under the action of pressure, and thus the cracked gas distribution at different inlets is ensured to be uniform in each working period, and further the working effect of the heat exchanger is improved; the connecting pipe 3 is arranged around the outer side of the part provided with the collecting pipe 2, the collecting pipe 2 is directly communicated with the lower water header 4 and the upper water header 8, the distance from the collecting pipe 2 to a sewage discharge pipeline in the lower water header 4 and the upper water header 8 is greatly reduced, the retention time of water flow in the pipeline is reduced, the deposition of scale in equipment is reduced, and the corrosion of the scale to the inside of the equipment is reduced; through setting up switching pipe 10 as the structure of the gaseous schizolysis of at first contact under the equipment operating condition, compromise the function of shunting the gaseous schizolysis simultaneously, concentrate on the main loss of equipment operation in an independent branch piece, when the equipment takes place the loss, switching pipe 10 is as main loss position, its both ends utilize adapter flange 1001 and lower flange 1004 to establish ties at the heat transfer in-process, and the replacement is convenient, the necessity of carrying out the dismouting to the equipment main part has been reduced, thereby the step of maintaining the equipment has been simplified, shorten the maintenance time, reduce the economic loss who brings because of the loss.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a be applied to entry fluidic vertical many entries rapid cooling heat exchanger, includes lower part head, pressure manifold, offal header, encloses shell and adapter tube, its characterized in that: the collecting pipe is arranged at the upper end of the lower end socket, connecting pipes are arranged at two ends of the collecting pipe, an enclosure is arranged at the upper end of the collecting pipe, the collecting pipe is also arranged at the upper end of the enclosure, the collecting pipes at the upper side and the lower side of the enclosure are respectively and fixedly connected with an upper water header and a lower water header through the connecting pipes, an outer pipe is arranged inside the enclosure, an inner pipe is arranged inside the outer pipe, a discharging pipe is arranged above the enclosure, and a switching pipe is arranged below the lower end socket;

the inside of lower part head is provided with directional piece, the below of directional piece is provided with the air guide cavity, the inside of air guide cavity is provided with spherical shower nozzle, the lower extreme fixedly connected with relay pipe of spherical shower nozzle, outer air duct has evenly been seted up to the inside of relay pipe, be provided with interior air duct between the outer air duct, the middle part of interior air duct has concatenated the speed reduction cavity, outer air duct and interior air duct extend to spherical shower nozzle upper surface and form the spout, the female flange of lower extreme fixedly connected with switching of relay pipe.

2. A vertical multiple inlet quench heat exchanger for inlet fluid applications as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the upper end fixedly connected with adapter flange of switching pipe, the draw-in groove has been seted up to the upper surface of adapter flange, the inside of draw-in groove is provided with expands the stay head, flange under the lower extreme fixedly connected with of switching pipe, pyrolysis gas entry has been seted up to the inside of switching pipe.

3. A vertical multiple inlet quench heat exchanger for inlet fluid applications as claimed in claim 2 wherein: an outer guide plate is arranged on the inner wall of the cracking gas inlet, an inner guide plate is arranged inside the outer guide plate, and a shunting cone is arranged inside the inner guide plate.

4. A vertical multiple inlet quench heat exchanger for inlet fluid applications as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the inner pipe extends to the inside of the orientation block and deflects in the orientation block to form branch air inlets, the lower wall of the orientation block is a spherical cambered surface, the spherical center of the spherical spray head is the same as the spherical center of the lower surface of the orientation block, the spouts are radially arranged on the upper half part of the spherical spray head and are in one-to-one correspondence with the branch air inlets, and the spouts and the branch air inlets which are mutually corresponding are positioned on an extension line with the same radius.

5. A vertical multiple inlet quench heat exchanger for inlet fluid applications as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the gas guide cavity is arranged in a sealing mode, the side wall of the gas guide cavity is made of pressure-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, and a pressure sensor is arranged in the gas guide cavity to detect the pressure of gas in the gas guide cavity.

6. A vertical multiple inlet quench heat exchanger for inlet fluid applications as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the cross section of the speed reduction cavity is in a fan shape, and the cross section area of the speed reduction cavity is larger than that of the inner air guide pipe, so that the effect of reducing the speed of the air in the inner air guide pipe is achieved.

7. A vertical multiple inlet quench heat exchanger for inlet fluid applications as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the connecting pipe is annularly sleeved on the outer side of the collecting pipe mounting part, and a sewage discharge pipeline communicated with the lower water header and the upper water header is arranged in the connecting pipe, so that the shortest connecting path between the collecting pipe and the sewage discharge pipeline is realized.

8. A vertical multiple inlet quench heat exchanger for inlet fluid applications as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the lower surface of the adapter female flange is provided with a protrusion, and the shape of the protrusion, the size of the cross section and the arrangement position and the shape of the thread are consistent with those of the adapter female flange and the clamping groove.

9. A vertical multiple inlet quench heat exchanger for inlet fluid applications as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the outer guide plate is attached on the inner wall of the cracking gas inlet, the lower ends of the splitter cone, the inner guide plate and the outer guide plate are all sharp and communicated with the upper end of the splitter cone, a round hole is formed in the upper end of the adapter tube, the expanding heads are arranged in the round hole, the expanding heads are arranged in the adapter tube in a cross shape, two expanding heads are arranged on each edge, the outer air guide tube and the inner air guide tube are in one-to-one correspondence with the expanding heads at the opening of the lower surface of the adapter female flange, the expanding heads are made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials with certain elasticity, the top ends of the expanding heads are bound, and the upper half of the clamping joint is tightly attached to the inner wall of the corresponding outer air guide tube and the inner air guide tube.

10. The vertical multiple-inlet quench heat exchanger for inlet fluid as claimed in claim wherein: the upper end of the discharging pipe is provided with an upper connecting flange, the gas is guided out after heat exchange is realized through the matching and connection of the upper connecting flange and the gas outlet pipeline, and the gas is input through the matching and connection of the lower connecting flange and the feeding pipeline.

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