CN113565863B

CN113565863B - Multi-thrust bearing

Info

Publication number: CN113565863B
Application number: CN202110677169.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 龚常亮; 朱杰; 杨志; 朱炫睿; 周少华
Original assignee: Hunan Chongde Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Chongde Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-18
Filing date: 2021-06-18
Publication date: 2023-04-28
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-18
Also published as: CN113565863A

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-thrust bearing which is used for installing a rotor, at least two thrust disks are arranged on the rotor at intervals, the thrust bearing comprises at least two thrust mechanisms, each thrust mechanism comprises a bearing body, a movable base plate and a movable thrust shoe, the movable base plate and the movable thrust shoe are arranged on the bearing body, the base plate and the thrust shoes are connected and can transmit driving, the base plate and the bearing body enclose a medium accommodating cavity, each thrust disk on the rotor is respectively contacted with the thrust shoe of each thrust mechanism, each medium accommodating cavity of each thrust mechanism is mutually communicated, a medium is filled in each medium accommodating cavity, and the pressure difference between the pressure of the thrust disk on the thrust shoe and the pressure of the medium in the medium accommodating cavity on the base plate forms the power for integrally moving the thrust shoe and the base plate. The invention bears larger thrust load of the bearing with smaller radial size, a communicated sealing space is arranged between the thrust mechanisms, and medium is filled in the sealing space to form an average load system, so that thrust tiles of each thrust mechanism of the thrust bearing are uniformly loaded.

Description

Multi-thrust bearing

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of bearings, and particularly relates to a multi-thrust bearing.

Background

Among dynamic pressure slide bearing applications, thrust bearings are very widely used. For small machines, the thrust surfaces are arranged with radial bearings to form a composite bearing, which has a small thrust bearing range or limited bearing capacity. For large machines, the thrust bearings are often independently arranged, becoming a single thrust bearing. When the thrust bearing is required to bear larger load, the radial dimension of the thrust bearing is correspondingly increased in order to improve the bearing capacity of the thrust bearing, so that the linear speed of the thrust disc is increased, the power consumption of the thrust bearing is increased, and the improvement of the efficiency of a host is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a multi-thrust bearing which bears larger thrust load of the bearing with smaller radial size, a communicated sealing space is arranged between thrust mechanisms, and medium is filled in the sealing space to form an average load system, so that thrust tiles of all thrust mechanisms of the thrust bearing are uniformly loaded.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a multi-thrust bearing is used for installing a rotor, at least two thrust disks are arranged on the rotor at intervals, the thrust bearing comprises at least two thrust mechanisms, each thrust mechanism comprises a bearing body, a movable base plate and a movable thrust shoe, the movable base plate and the movable thrust shoe are installed on the bearing body, the base plate and the thrust shoes are connected and can drive in a transmission mode, a medium accommodating cavity is formed by enclosing the base plate and the bearing body, each thrust disk on the rotor is respectively contacted with the thrust shoe of each thrust mechanism, each medium accommodating cavity of each thrust mechanism is mutually communicated, medium is filled in each medium accommodating cavity, and the pressure difference between the pressure of each thrust disk on the thrust shoe and the pressure of the medium in each medium accommodating cavity on the base plate forms the power for the integral movement of the thrust shoe and the base plate.

As a further improvement of the above technical scheme:

the thrust mechanism further comprises a balance block, and the balance block is positioned between the thrust tile and the cushion block.

A sealing ring is arranged between the backing plate and the bearing body.

The bearing body comprises two coaxially sleeved cylinders, one ends of the two cylinders are connected through a connecting plate, the base plate is positioned between the two cylinders, and the medium containing cavity is surrounded by the base plate, the connecting plate and the two cylinders.

The backing plate is an annular plate.

The thrust tile is provided with a plurality of blocks, and the plurality of blocks are arranged in an annular array.

The thrust bearing also comprises an oil guide pipe, two ends of the oil guide pipe are respectively positioned in the two adjacent bearing bodies, and medium containing cavities of the two adjacent thrust mechanisms are communicated through the oil guide pipe.

The bearing body of each thrust mechanism is provided with a connecting hole communicated with the medium accommodating cavity, and the connecting hole is plugged through a detachable plugging port.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

1) The thrust load is distributed on a plurality of thrust mechanisms through a plurality of parallel thrust disks, the radial dimension of the multi-thrust bearing is smaller compared with that of a single thrust disk under the same thrust load, and the bearing capacity of the multi-thrust shaft is larger compared with that of a traditional single thrust bearing with the same diameter.

2) The thrust mechanisms are provided with communicated sealing spaces, medium is filled in the sealing spaces to form an average load system, and the average load system enables thrust tiles of all the thrust mechanisms of the thrust bearing to be uniformly loaded through internal force transmission, so that load distribution is adjusted, and bearing capacity of the bearing is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a bearing body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a plurality of weights in a thrust mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is another view of fig. 4.

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a plurality of thrust shoes in a thrust mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the invention, are not intended to limit the invention.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

A multiple thrust bearing for mounting a rotor 18, the rotor 18 being rotatably mounted on the thrust bearing. At least two thrust disks are spaced apart from the rotor 18.

The thrust bearing comprises at least two thrust mechanisms, wherein each thrust mechanism comprises a bearing body, a movable backing plate, a plurality of movable weights and a plurality of movable thrust tiles, and the movable backing plate, the movable weights and the plurality of movable thrust tiles are arranged on the bearing body.

The bearing body is shown in fig. 2 and comprises two coaxially sleeved cylinders, and the diameters of the two cylinders are different, so that a space between the two cylinders forms an installation cavity. One end of the two cylinders is connected through a connecting plate, and the connecting plate seals one end of the installation containing cavity, namely, the installation containing cavity is only provided with an opening at one end. Preferably, the connecting plate is integrally connected with the two cylinders.

The backing plate, the balance weight and the thrust tile are sequentially connected and can transmit driving, and the backing plate and the balance weight are positioned in the installation containing cavity between the two cylinders. Preferably, the backing plate is closer to the connecting plate than the thrust tile, and the backing plate and the bearing body enclose a medium containing cavity, and specifically, the medium containing cavity is enclosed by the backing plate, the connecting plate and the two cylinders. Obviously, the medium chamber is annular.

The medium cavities of the thrust mechanisms are mutually communicated, and the medium cavities are filled with a medium, preferably lubricating oil.

The thrust bearing further comprises an oil guide pipe 14, two ends of the oil guide pipe 14 are respectively positioned in two adjacent bearing bodies, and medium containing cavities of two adjacent thrust mechanisms are communicated through the oil guide pipe 14. Sealing rings are arranged between the oil guide pipe 14 and each bearing body.

In order to facilitate the installation of the oil guide pipe 14 and the sealing ring, the length of the oil guide pipe 14 is short, and in order to realize the communication of the medium accommodating cavity, the bearing body is provided with a communication hole, one end of the communication hole is communicated with the medium accommodating cavity on the corresponding bearing body, and the other end of the communication hole is communicated with one end of the oil guide pipe 14. In this way, two medium containing cavities of adjacent bearing bodies are connected with the oil guide pipe 14 through the communication hole to form a sealed space, and the sealed space is filled with medium.

It should be noted that the medium chambers of each thrust mechanism may be specifically configured according to practical applications, for example, all the medium chambers are mutually communicated to form an integral sealed space, or at least two thrust mechanisms are in a group, and the medium chambers of each thrust mechanism in each group are mutually communicated to form a sealed space, so that the bearing includes a plurality of sealed spaces.

In order to facilitate the addition of medium and the replacement of medium in the sealed space, the bearing body of each thrust mechanism is provided with a connecting hole communicated with the sealed space, and the connecting hole is plugged through a detachable plugging port.

The thrust tile is provided with a plurality of blocks, and the plurality of blocks are arranged in an annular array. Preferably, the thrust tile is in the shape of a sector ring. The thrust shoe may be a tiltable thrust shoe or a fixed thrust shoe.

The balance block is also provided with a plurality of blocks, and a plurality of thrust tiles are arranged on the balance block.

The plurality of balance weights of each thrust mechanism are sequentially connected to form a ring shape. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, specifically, each weight includes an upper weight 21 and a lower weight 22 connected together, the thicknesses of the upper weight 21 and the lower weight 22 are different, the thickness (axial dimension) of the upper weight 21 is greater than the thickness of the lower weight 22, and the width (circumferential dimension) of the upper weight 21 is greater than the width of the lower weight 22. The upper balance weights 21 of the plurality of balance weights are sequentially connected to form a ring shape, the connecting surfaces of the upper balance weight 21 and the lower balance weight 22 of each balance weight are positioned in the same plane, the upper balance weight 21 is positioned on one end surface of the ring shape, the lower balance weight 22 is positioned on the other end surface of the ring shape, the end surface where the upper balance weight 21 is arranged is the front surface, the end surface where the lower balance weight 22 is arranged is the back surface, the front surface and the back surface of the adjacent balance weights are alternately arranged, namely one end of one balance weight is the front surface, and the two balance weights adjacent to the same end are the back surfaces. The plurality of thrust tiles are respectively connected with one annular end face formed by connecting the plurality of balance blocks, and the plurality of thrust tiles are respectively connected with the front face or the back face of the balance blocks on one end face at the same time, in other words, the number of the balance blocks in one thrust mechanism is twice that of the thrust tiles. The balance weight is connected in such a way so as to facilitate the rotation of the balance weight, so that the thrust shoe is subjected to uniform load adjustment. For example, when a thrust tile is unevenly stressed, and a certain weight is pressed down by a certain thrust tile, the pressed weight presses down one end of the weight (set as a first weight) connected with the pressed weight, so that the first weight rotates, the other end of the first weight presses up one end of the weight (set as a second weight) connected with the first weight, the second weight rotates, and the other end of the second weight presses down, so that the balance load of the plurality of thrust tiles is adjusted by the plurality of weights.

Each thrust disc on rotor 18 contacts a respective thrust shoe of each thrust mechanism. When the device is used, the thrust mechanisms are sequentially arranged, the number of the thrust mechanisms is the same as that of the thrust discs, and the thrust discs cannot contact the bearing body so as to prevent mechanical damage. If there are n thrust disks, the n thrust disks contact the thrust shoes of the n thrust mechanisms, respectively, and in order to prevent the rotor from moving in tandem when the axial force is reversed, sub-thrust shoes (not shown in the drawing) are arranged in the axial force reverse direction.

The thrust tile, the balance block and the backing plate form a movable whole under the action of pressure difference, and the pressure difference is the pressure difference between the pressure of the thrust disc to the thrust tile and the pressure of the medium in the medium accommodating cavity to the backing plate. The volume of the sealing space is fixed, so that the size change of the medium containing cavities of the adjacent thrust mechanisms is inversely related, namely, the volume of the medium containing cavity in one thrust mechanism is reduced, and the volume of the medium containing cavity in the adjacent thrust mechanism is increased. This allows for uniform adjustment of the load of each thrust disc on rotor 18. The function of the balance weight is to realize load adjustment on the thrust tile of the corresponding thrust mechanism, namely, the balance weight has the function of uniform load.

The backing plate is an annular plate, and the backing plate and the balance weight are connected through a connecting pin so as to prevent the backing plate and the balance weight from rotating relatively.

A sealing ring is arranged between the backing plate and the bearing body. Specifically, be equipped with outer O shape circle between the inner wall of the great drum of backing plate and diameter, be equipped with interior O shape circle between the outer wall of the less drum of backing plate and diameter, still set up between backing plate and the bearing body and prevent backing plate circumferential rotation's stop device (not shown in the figure), stop device does not influence the axial float of backing plate.

And a limit bolt is arranged between the thrust tile and the balance block, the limit bolt is arranged on the cylinder with larger diameter, one end of the limit bolt extends into the installation cavity, and preferably, the length of the limit bolt is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotor 18. The limit bolt is used for limiting the balance weight, preventing the balance weight from falling out of the installation accommodating cavity, and facilitating the installation of equipment.

In order to facilitate the installation, the thrust mechanisms of the thrust bearing may not be exactly the same in structure. In order to support the rotor in the same direction, the thrust tiles of two adjacent thrust mechanisms of the bearing are oriented in the same direction, and the communication holes of the two adjacent thrust mechanisms are connected through the oil guide pipe 14, so that in the two adjacent thrust mechanisms, in order to facilitate the connection of the communication holes, the outlet of the communication hole on the bearing body of one thrust mechanism is arranged on the end face of the bearing body far away from the thrust tile, and the outlet of the communication hole on the bearing body of the other thrust mechanism is arranged on the end face of the bearing body close to the thrust tile.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the thrust bearing includes an oil guide pipe 14 and two thrust mechanisms, that is, a dual thrust bearing, as shown in fig. 1, where the two thrust mechanisms are a first thrust mechanism a and a second thrust mechanism B, the first thrust mechanism a includes a first bearing body 1, a first backing plate 4, a plurality of first balance weights 2 and a plurality of first thrust shoes 3, the first backing plate 4, the first balance weights 2 and the first thrust shoes 3 are sequentially connected, and a first medium accommodating cavity 1-1 is enclosed between the first backing plate 4 and the first bearing body 1.

A first inner O-shaped ring 6 is arranged between the inner ring of the first backing plate 4 and the first bearing body 1, and a first outer O-shaped ring 5 is arranged between the outer ring of the first backing plate 4 and the first bearing body 1.

The first bearing body 1 is provided with a first connecting hole 1-2 and a first communication hole, one end of the first connecting hole 1-2 is communicated with the first medium accommodating cavity 1-1, the other end of the first connecting hole is communicated with the outside, and the first plug 13 is detachably arranged on the first connecting hole 1-2 and used for plugging a communication passage between the first connecting hole 1-2 and the outside. One end of the first communication hole communicates with the first connection hole 1-2, and the other end communicates with the outside through the end face of the first bearing body 1.

The second thrust mechanism B comprises a second bearing body 7, a second base plate 10, a plurality of second balance weights 8 and a plurality of second thrust tiles 9, the second base plate 10, the second balance weights 8 and the second thrust tiles 9 are sequentially connected, and a second medium accommodating cavity 7-1 is formed between the second base plate 10 and the second bearing body 7 in a surrounding mode.

A second inner O-ring 12 is arranged between the inner ring of the second base plate 10 and the second bearing body 7, and a second outer O-ring 11 is arranged between the outer ring of the second base plate 10 and the second bearing body 7.

The second bearing body 7 is provided with a second connecting hole and a second communication hole 7-2, one end of the second connecting hole is communicated with the second medium accommodating cavity 7-1, the other end of the second connecting hole is communicated with the outside, and the second plug 17 is detachably arranged on the second connecting hole and used for plugging a communication passage between the second connecting hole and the outside. One end of the second communication hole 7-2 communicates with the second connection hole, and the other end communicates with the outside through the end face of the second bearing body 7.

The first bearing body 1 and the second bearing body 7 are in contact and the first communication hole and the second communication hole 7-2 are in communication, and both ends of the oil guide pipe 14 are respectively located in the first communication hole and the second communication hole 7-2 to prevent medium in the first communication hole or the second communication hole 7-2 from flowing out from the interface between the first bearing body 1 and the second bearing body 7.

Preferably, in order to facilitate the formation of the sealed space, the inlet and outlet of the first communication hole is formed on the end surface of the first bearing body 1 far away from the first thrust tile 3, and the inlet and outlet of the second communication hole 7-2 is formed on the end surface of the second bearing body 7 near the second thrust tile 9.

A first sealing O-shaped ring 15 is arranged between the oil guide pipe 14 and the first bearing body 1, and a second sealing O-shaped ring 16 is arranged between the oil guide pipe 14 and the second bearing body 7.

The rotor 18 is provided with two thrust discs which are arranged at intervals, namely a first thrust disc 18-1 and a second thrust disc 18-2, the first thrust disc 18-1 is contacted with the first thrust tile 3, the second thrust disc 18-2 is contacted with the second thrust tile 9, a dynamic pressure oil film is formed between the tile surfaces of the first thrust disc 18-1 and the first thrust tile 3, and a dynamic pressure oil film is formed between the tile surfaces of the second thrust disc 18-2 and the second thrust tile 9.

Based on the above structure, when the first plug 13 and the second plug 17 are respectively mounted on the first bearing body 1 and the second bearing body 7, the first medium accommodating chamber 1-1, the first connecting hole 1-2, the first communicating hole, the oil guiding pipe 14, the second communicating hole 7-2, the second connecting hole and the second medium accommodating chamber 7-1 are sequentially communicated to form a closed space.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: the rotor 18 is mounted on said thrust bearing and, in operation, the rotor 18 is subjected to a thrust load F, the direction of which is parallel to the axial direction of the rotor 18. By the rotation of the rotor 18, a dynamic oil film is formed between the first thrust disk 18-1 and the land 3-1 of the first thrust shoe 3 and between the second thrust disk 18-2 and the land 9-1 of the second thrust shoe 9, so that the thrust bearing corresponds to a double bearing capacity.

When the first thrust mechanism a is overloaded, or the first thrust tile 3 is overloaded, that is, the pressure of the first thrust disc 18-1 on the first thrust tile 3 is greater than the pressure of the medium in the first medium accommodating cavity 1-1 on the first backing plate 4, the first thrust tile 3, the first balance block 2 and the first backing plate 4 are pushed to move, the space of the first medium accommodating cavity 1-1 is compressed, the medium in the first medium accommodating cavity 1-1 sequentially passes through the first connecting hole 1-2, the first connecting hole, the oil guide pipe 14, the second communication hole 7-2 and the second connecting hole to enter the second medium accommodating cavity 7-1, so that the medium in the second medium accommodating cavity 7-1 pushes the second backing plate 10, the second thrust tile 9, the second balance block 8 and the second backing plate 10 integrally move, the second thrust tile 9 pushes the second thrust disc 18-2 to bear larger load, the thrust mechanism a and the second thrust mechanism B are loaded, that is, and the thrust bearing capacity of both thrust mechanisms is larger is realized. For the first thrust mechanism a, it realizes the uniform load of a plurality of first thrust tiles 3 through the first balance weight 2, and for the second thrust mechanism B, it realizes the uniform load of a plurality of second thrust tiles 9 through the second balance weight 8.

Finally, what is necessary here is: the above embodiments are only for further detailed description of the technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and some insubstantial modifications and adjustments made by those skilled in the art from the above description of the present invention are all within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-thrust bearing is used for installing a rotor (18), and is characterized in that at least two thrust disks are arranged on the rotor (18) at intervals, the thrust bearing comprises at least two thrust mechanisms, each thrust mechanism comprises a bearing body, a movable base plate and a movable thrust shoe, the movable base plate and the movable thrust shoe are installed on the bearing body, the base plate and the thrust shoes are connected and can transmit driving, the base plate and the bearing body enclose a medium accommodating cavity, each thrust disk on the rotor (18) is respectively contacted with the thrust shoe of each thrust mechanism, the medium accommodating cavities of each thrust mechanism are mutually communicated, the medium accommodating cavities are filled with media, the pressure of the thrust disks on the thrust shoe and the pressure of the media in the medium accommodating cavities on the base plate, and the pressure difference between the two forms the power for the integral movement of the thrust shoe and the base plate.

2. The thrust bearing of claim 1, wherein: the thrust mechanism further comprises a balance block, and the balance block is positioned between the thrust tile and the cushion block.

3. The thrust bearing of claim 1, wherein: a sealing ring is arranged between the backing plate and the bearing body.

4. The thrust bearing of claim 1, wherein: the bearing body comprises two coaxially sleeved cylinders, one ends of the two cylinders are connected through a connecting plate, the base plate is positioned between the two cylinders, and the medium containing cavity is surrounded by the base plate, the connecting plate and the two cylinders.

5. The thrust bearing of claim 1, wherein: the backing plate is an annular plate.

6. The thrust bearing of claim 1, wherein: the thrust tile is provided with a plurality of blocks, and the plurality of blocks are arranged in an annular array.

7. The thrust bearing of claim 1, wherein: the thrust bearing further comprises an oil guide pipe (14), two ends of the oil guide pipe (14) are respectively positioned in two adjacent bearing bodies, and medium containing cavities of two adjacent thrust mechanisms are communicated through the oil guide pipe (14).

8. The thrust bearing of claim 1, wherein: the bearing body of each thrust mechanism is provided with a connecting hole communicated with the medium accommodating cavity, and the connecting hole is plugged through a detachable plugging port.