CN113563092A - 一种空心球陶瓷纤维砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 claims 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 2
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K diphosphonooxyalumanyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种空心球陶瓷纤维砖及其制备方法,空心球陶瓷纤维砖包括按重量百分比的砖本体,所述砖本体由59~65%氧化铝空心球、30~35%高纯氧化铝粉、2~5%多晶莫来石纤维、1~3%高温粘合剂通过烧结而制成,多晶莫来石纤维的存在可以填充在空心球砖内部氧化铝空心球以及氧化铝粉相互之间的空隙,提高砖的抗热震性,在不降低空心球砖的抗腐蚀性的同时,降低了砖的热传导系数,更节能,使用寿命更长。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种空心球陶瓷纤维砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
现有的耐火隔热砖一般为了达到耐火隔热效果,孕育而生了各式各样的空心隔热砖,一般空心隔热砖是将多种耐火隔热材料组分进行混合后烧制而成的,结构内部空隙较大,热传导系数相对较高,强度相对较差,堆砌使用不久就会产生裂缝,热量从裂缝中散出。
并且,现有的耐火隔热砖大都采用长方体砖形,在堆砌过程中,因窑炉大小不同,需要堆砌成直径不一的炉胆,长方体砖形的隔热砖堆砌过程中不易把控精度尺寸,容易形成缝隙,影响隔热效果。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种空心球陶瓷纤维砖。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:一种空心球陶瓷纤维砖,包括按重量百分比的砖本体,所述砖本体由59~65%氧化铝空心球、30~35%高纯氧化铝粉、2~5%多晶莫来石纤维、1~3%高温粘合剂通过烧结而制成。
在某些实施方式中,还包括一层通过玻璃包浆液包覆于所述砖本体外表面一同烧制而成的致密壳体。
在某些实施方式中,所述氧化铝空心球占60~62%,所述高温粘合剂占3%。
在某些实施方式中,所述砖本体是由同一横截面纵向延伸而成的长柱体,所述砖本体包括相对的小拼接面体和大拼接面体、位于所述小拼接面体和所述大拼接面体之间的并位于相对两侧的拼接部,其中一个所述拼接部中部设置有一个轮廓面呈圆弧面的凸棱、邻接于所述凸棱两侧的凸棱斜面,其中另一个所述拼接部中部设置有一个轮廓面呈圆弧面的凹槽、邻接于所述凹槽两侧的凹槽斜面,所述凸棱的圆弧直径与所述凹槽的圆弧直径相等,且所述凸棱的圆弧角度大于所述凹槽的圆弧角度。
在某些实施方式中,所述凸棱斜面与所述凸棱直径延长线之间形成夹角α,夹角α为5-10°,所述凹槽斜面与所述凹槽直径延长线之间形成夹角β,夹角β为5-10°。
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种以上任意一项实施方式所述的空心球陶瓷纤维砖的制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:一种空心球陶瓷纤维砖的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:准备材料,准备59~65%氧化铝空心球,30~35%高纯氧化铝粉,2~ 5%多晶莫来石纤维,1~3%高温粘合剂;
步骤二:以1280-1500℃的温度对多晶莫来石纤维进行高温热处理,并保温1小时以上,将热处理后的多晶莫来石纤维均匀压碎待用,配置高温粘合剂溶液待用;
步骤三:向搅拌机内依次加入压碎后的多晶莫来石纤维、氧化铝空心球、高纯氧化铝粉、高温粘合剂溶液,并均匀搅拌;
步骤四:将步骤三中搅拌好的混合材料装入模具中,用高吨位液压机压制成型为胚砖;
步骤五:将步骤四制成的胚砖放入烘箱烘干,后再放入高温燃气炉烧结制成所述空心球陶瓷纤维砖。
在某些实施方式中,还包括将步骤四所压制出的所述胚砖外表面涂淋一层玻璃包浆液后再次压制的步骤。
在某些实施方式中,所述步骤五中将所述胚砖放入高温燃气炉烧结包括:首先将胚砖从室温加热到650℃,时间不低于2小时,混风量≥5m³/h;然后将胚砖从650℃加热到1700℃~1750℃,时间不低于6小时;接着保持1700℃~1750℃,时间不低于5小时;最后将胚砖以≤1℃/min的降温速率从1700℃~1750℃冷却到1300℃,再以≤2℃/min的降温速率,将胚砖从1300℃冷却到800℃,最后以≤5℃/min的降温速率将胚砖从800℃冷却至300℃。
在某些实施方式中,所述步骤五还包括在将胚砖从650℃加热到1700℃~1750℃的过程中,当胚砖加热到1600℃时,对胚砖进行收缩检测,检测时间为2小时。
在某些实施方式中,所述空心球陶瓷纤维砖的制备方法还包括步骤六:将烧结后制作好的空心球陶瓷纤维砖放入高温炉内,加热到1200℃,温度保持1hr后炉门打开,将陶瓷纤维板拉出,暴露在空气中,强冷到表面温度200℃后再放入炉内急速升温,升温速率为30℃/min,重复步骤六完成对所述空心球陶瓷纤维砖的抗热震性试验对比。
本发明的范围,并不限于上述技术特征的特定组合而成的技术方案,同时也应涵盖由上述技术特征或其等同特征进行任意组合而形成的其它技术方案。例如上述特征与本申请中公开的(但不限于)具有类似功能的技术特征进行互相替换而形成的技术方案等。
由于上述技术方案运用,本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点:本发明提供一种空心球陶瓷纤维砖及其制备方法, 多晶莫来石纤维的存在可以填充在空心球砖内部氧化铝空心球以及氧化铝粉相互之间的空隙,提高砖的抗热震性,在不降低空心球砖的抗腐蚀性的同时,降低了砖的热传导系数,更节能,使用寿命更长。
附图说明
附图1为空心球陶瓷纤维砖立体结构示意图;
附图2为空心球陶瓷纤维转堆砌时剖面示意图;
其中: 1、砖本体。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。下列实施例仅用于说明本发明,但并不用来限定本发明的实施范围。
一种空心球陶瓷纤维砖的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:准备材料,准备59~65%氧化铝空心球,30~35%高纯氧化铝粉,2~ 5%多晶莫来石纤维,1~3%高温粘合剂,用于包覆于砖本体1外表面的玻璃包浆液,所述玻璃包浆液通常是由二氧化硅、氧化铝、生石灰、氧化镁、氧化钾和氧化钠球磨粉碎后熔融烧制,再经冷却后破碎研磨与硫酸钡溶液混合制备而成;
步骤二:以1280-1500℃的温度对多晶莫来石纤维进行高温热处理,并保温1小时以上,将热处理后的多晶莫来石纤维均匀压碎待用,高温粘合剂加水配置成质量分数低于40%的溶液待用,高温粘合剂通常采用磷酸二氢铝或者硫酸铝;
步骤三:向搅拌机内依次加入压碎后的多晶莫来石纤维、氧化铝空心球、高纯氧化铝粉、高温粘合剂溶液,并均匀搅拌;
步骤四:将步骤三中搅拌好的混合材料装入模具中,用高吨位液压机压制成型为胚砖,在胚砖外表面涂淋一层玻璃包浆液,再次压制;
步骤五:将步骤四制成的胚砖放入烘箱烘干,后再放入高温燃气炉烧结制成所述空心球陶瓷纤维砖。表面的玻璃包浆液与胚砖外表面相结合烧制成一层致密壳体。
如图1-2所示,砖本体1是由同一横截面纵向延伸而成的长柱体,砖本体1包括相对的小拼接面体和大拼接面体、位于小拼接面体和大拼接面体之间的并位于相对两侧的拼接部,其中一个拼接部中部设置有一个轮廓面呈圆弧面的凸棱、邻接于凸棱两侧的凸棱斜面,其中另一个拼接部中部设置有一个轮廓面呈圆弧面的凹槽、邻接于凹槽两侧的凹槽斜面,所述凸棱的圆弧直径与所述凹槽的圆弧直径相等,且所述凸棱的圆弧角度大于所述凹槽的圆弧角度。相邻的空心球陶瓷纤维砖之间的通过凸棱和凹槽相对接配合。
凸棱斜面与凸棱直径延长线之间形成夹角α,夹角α为5-10°,凹槽斜面与凹槽直径延长线之间形成夹角β,夹角β为5-10°,夹角α和夹角β的设置使得砖本体1在截面方向有一个旋转的空间,对于不同直径的窑炉,通过调节砖本体1连接的角度,形成不同直径的炉胆。
步骤四中在胚砖外表面涂淋一层玻璃包浆液形成致密壳体,其采用的设备为喷淋设备,该设备包括围设于下模座上的框模周围的喷淋框,第一次预压制后,框模下降,喷淋框向胚砖表面喷洒玻璃浆液,然后框模上升对胚砖进一步压制,胚砖表面形成一个致密壳体。
步骤五中将胚砖放入高温燃气炉烧结包括:首先将胚砖从室温加热到650℃,时间不低于2小时,混风量≥5m³/h;然后将胚砖从650℃加热到1700℃~1750℃,时间不低于6小时;接着保持1700℃~1750℃,时间不低于5小时;最后将胚砖以≤1℃/min的降温速率从1700℃~1750℃冷却到1300℃,再以≤2℃/min的降温速率,将胚砖从1300℃冷却到800℃,最后以≤5℃/min的降温速率将胚砖从800℃冷却至300℃,将胚砖从650℃加热到1700℃~1750℃的过程中,当胚砖加热到1600℃时,对胚砖进行收缩检测,检测时间为2小时。
空心球陶瓷纤维砖的制备方法还包括步骤六:将烧结后制作好的空心球陶瓷纤维砖放入高温炉内,加热到1200℃,温度保持1hr后炉门打开,将陶瓷纤维板拉出,暴露在空气中,强冷到表面温度200℃后再放入炉内急速升温,升温速率为30℃/min,重复步骤六完成对空心球陶瓷纤维砖的抗热震性试验对比。
实施例一:组分配比为:60%氧化铝空心球;35%高纯氧化铝粉;2%多晶莫来石纤维;3%高温粘合剂。
制作并烧结后的样砖密度:1600kg/m³, 经过检测最高使用温度可达1700℃,且在1600℃*2hr进行线收缩检测,线收缩检测结果均值为0.16%,小于国标要求的≤0.3%,符合耐热要求。
抗热震性试验对比:将制作好的空心球陶瓷纤维砖,放入高温炉内,加热到1200℃,温度保持1hr后炉门打开,将陶瓷纤维板拉出,暴露在空气中,强冷到表面温度200℃后再放入炉内急速升温(30℃/min升温),重复步骤。
试验结果:新型空心球陶瓷纤维砖,可在1200℃温度下进行6次以上的抗急冷急热试验。对比板为ALCERA生产的99空心球砖,在1200℃温度下进行4次试验后即产生裂纹。
实施例一:组分配比为:59%氧化铝空心球 ;33%高纯氧化铝粉;5%多晶莫来石纤维;3%高温粘合剂。
制作并烧结后的样砖密度:1600kg/m³,经过检测最高使用温度可达1700℃,且在1600℃*2hr进行线收缩检测,线收缩检测结果均值为0.25%,小于国标要求的≤0.3%,符合耐热要求。
抗热震性试验对比:将制作好的空心球陶瓷纤维砖,放入高温炉内,加热到1200℃,温度保持1hr后炉门打开,将陶瓷纤维板拉出,暴露在空气中,强冷到表面温度200℃后再放入炉内急速升温(30℃/min升温),重复步骤。
试验结果:新型空心球陶瓷纤维砖,可在1200℃温度下进行8次以上的抗急冷急热试验。对比板为ALCERA生产的99空心球砖,在1200℃温度下进行4次试验后即产生裂纹。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种空心球陶瓷纤维砖,其特征在于:包括按重量百分比的砖本体(1),所述砖本体(1)由59~65%氧化铝空心球、30~35%高纯氧化铝粉、2~ 5%多晶莫来石纤维、1~3%高温粘合剂通过烧结而制成。
2.根据权利要求1所述空心球陶瓷纤维砖,其特征在于:还包括一层通过玻璃包浆液包覆于所述砖本体(1)外表面一同烧制而成的致密壳体。
3.根据权利要求1所述空心球陶瓷纤维砖,其特征在于:所述氧化铝空心球占60~62%,所述高温粘合剂占3%。
4.根据权利要求1所述空心球陶瓷纤维砖,其特征在于:所述砖本体(1)是由同一横截面纵向延伸而成的长柱体,所述砖本体(1)包括相对的小拼接面体和大拼接面体、位于所述小拼接面体和所述大拼接面体之间的并位于相对两侧的拼接部,其中一个所述拼接部中部设置有一个轮廓面呈圆弧面的凸棱、邻接于所述凸棱两侧的凸棱斜面,其中另一个所述拼接部中部设置有一个轮廓面呈圆弧面的凹槽、邻接于所述凹槽两侧的凹槽斜面,所述凸棱的圆弧直径与所述凹槽的圆弧直径相等,且所述凸棱的圆弧角度大于所述凹槽的圆弧角度。
5.根据权利要求4所述空心球陶瓷纤维砖,其特征在于:所述凸棱斜面与所述凸棱直径延长线之间形成夹角α,夹角α为5-10°,所述凹槽斜面与所述凹槽直径延长线之间形成夹角β,夹角β为5-10°。
6.一种制作上述任意一项所述空心球陶瓷纤维砖的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
步骤一:准备材料,准备59~65%氧化铝空心球,30~35%高纯氧化铝粉,2~ 5%多晶莫来石纤维,1~3%高温粘合剂;
步骤二:以1280-1500℃的温度对多晶莫来石纤维进行高温热处理,并保温1小时以上,将热处理后的多晶莫来石纤维均匀压碎待用,配置高温粘合剂溶液待用;
步骤三:向搅拌机内依次加入压碎后的多晶莫来石纤维、氧化铝空心球、高纯氧化铝粉、高温粘合剂溶液,并均匀搅拌;
步骤四:将步骤三中搅拌好的混合材料装入模具中,用高吨位液压机压制成型为胚砖;
步骤五:将步骤四制成的胚砖放入烘箱烘干,后再放入高温燃气炉烧结制成所述空心球陶瓷纤维砖。
7.根据权利要求6所述的空心球陶瓷纤维砖的制备方法,其特征在于:还包括将步骤四所压制出的所述胚砖外表面涂淋一层玻璃包浆液后再次压制的步骤。
8.根据权利要求6所述的空心球陶瓷纤维砖的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤五中将所述胚砖放入高温燃气炉烧结包括:首先将胚砖从室温加热到650℃,时间不低于2小时,混风量≥5m³/h;然后将胚砖从650℃加热到1700℃~1750℃,时间不低于6小时;接着保持1700℃~1750℃,时间不低于5小时;最后将胚砖以≤1℃/min的降温速率从1700℃~1750℃冷却到1300℃,再以≤2℃/min的降温速率,将胚砖从1300℃冷却到800℃,最后以≤5℃/min的降温速率将胚砖从800℃冷却至300℃。
9.根据根据权利要求6所述的空心球陶瓷纤维砖的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤五还包括在将胚砖从650℃加热到1700℃~1750℃的过程中,当胚砖加热到1600℃时,对胚砖进行收缩检测,检测时间为2小时。
10.根据根据权利要求6所述的空心球陶瓷纤维砖的制备方法,其特征在于:所述空心球陶瓷纤维砖的制备方法还包括步骤六:将烧结后制作好的空心球陶瓷纤维砖放入高温炉内,加热到1200℃,温度保持1hr后炉门打开,将陶瓷纤维板拉出,暴露在空气中,强冷到表面温度200℃后再放入炉内急速升温,升温速率为30℃/min,重复步骤六完成对所述空心球陶瓷纤维砖的抗热震性试验对比。
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