CN113555883A - Voltage balancing device and method for auxiliary thermal power generating unit AGC frequency modulation super capacitor bank - Google Patents
Voltage balancing device and method for auxiliary thermal power generating unit AGC frequency modulation super capacitor bank Download PDFInfo
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- CN113555883A CN113555883A CN202110801209.8A CN202110801209A CN113555883A CN 113555883 A CN113555883 A CN 113555883A CN 202110801209 A CN202110801209 A CN 202110801209A CN 113555883 A CN113555883 A CN 113555883A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
- H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/50—Charging of capacitors, supercapacitors, ultra-capacitors or double layer capacitors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a voltage balancing device and a method for an auxiliary thermal power generating unit AGC frequency modulation super capacitor bank, wherein the device comprises 64 same units, and each unit comprises a main capacitor, an auxiliary capacitor, a low-voltage comparator, a high-voltage comparator, a discharging MOSFET switch and a charging MOSFET switch; the method comprises the following steps: starting a charging process, enabling the high-voltage comparators of all the units by the voltage balancing device; any unit of the super capacitor bank is charged to reach the maximum working voltage, and the auxiliary capacitor of the unit is charged; stopping the charging process after more than half of the unit high-voltage comparators in all units of the super capacitor bank output high-level signals; the super capacitor bank detects the difference value between the current power of the unit and the frequency modulation instruction, and starts the discharging process; triggering the discharge MOSFET switch of the unit to be switched on, and starting to discharge the auxiliary capacitor; stopping the discharging process and locking the low-voltage comparators of each unit; the above charge and discharge process is repeated. The invention realizes the balance control of the voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power system automation, and particularly relates to a voltage balancing device and method for assisting an AGC frequency modulation super capacitor bank of a thermal power generating unit.
Background
The super capacitor has the outstanding advantages of long cycle life, high power density, strong heavy current discharge capacity, quick charging, wide working temperature range, safety, reliability, cleanness, environmental protection and the like, and is very suitable for assisting the thermal power generating unit to respond to an AGC frequency modulation instruction. However, the voltage value of the single super capacitor is lower, generally less than 3V, and a higher working voltage needs to be realized by series connection, and further the super capacitor is connected to a station service system through a converter and a transformer.
However, due to the limitation of the production process, the equivalent series resistance, the leakage current and the capacitance capacity of the single super capacitor cannot be completely the same, so that the voltage difference of the series capacitor is large in the working process, part of the capacitors are in an overvoltage state in the charging process, and part of the capacitors are in an undervoltage state in the discharging process, thereby affecting the overall utilization rate and the service life of the super capacitor bank.
At present, a voltage equalization method of a supercapacitor which is applied more is a flying capacitor method, and the principle of the method is that part of energy in a monomer with high voltage is transferred to a monomer with low voltage, so that dynamic and static voltage equalization can be realized. According to the conclusion of the research on the supercapacitor modularization technology (li haidong) in the literature, the multi-flying capacitor method has to pass through other monomers in the energy transfer process, so that the loss is increased, the voltage-sharing speed is reduced, and the single-flying capacitor method has the defects of large number of required components, complex switching network and complicated control algorithm and is not suitable for high-power occasions.
The capacity of a super capacitor bank for assisting AGC frequency modulation of the thermal power generating unit is mostly MW level, so that the voltage can not be equalized by using a flying capacitor method. However, when the super capacitor is used for responding to the frequency modulation command, the super capacitor needs to be inserted into a power grid for a long time, and the charging and discharging times are as many as several hundred times per day, so that the voltage equalization can be realized by adopting a dynamic voltage equalization method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a voltage balancing device and method for assisting a thermal power generating unit AGC frequency modulation super capacitor bank aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the voltage balancing device of the auxiliary thermal power generating unit AGC frequency modulation super capacitor bank comprises 64 same units, wherein each unit comprises a main capacitor, an auxiliary capacitor, a low-voltage comparator, a high-voltage comparator, a discharging MOSFET switch and a charging MOSFET switch;
the positive polarity end of the main capacitor of each unit is connected with the source electrode of the discharge MOSFET switch and the drain electrode of the charge MOSFET switch, the voltage input end of the low-voltage comparator is connected with the positive polarity end of the main capacitor, the output end of the low-voltage comparator is connected with the grid electrode of the discharge MOSFET switch, the voltage input end of the high-voltage comparator is connected with the positive polarity end of the main capacitor, the output end of the high-voltage comparator is connected with the grid electrode of the charge MOSFET switch, the drain electrode of the discharge MOSFET switch is connected with the source electrode of the charge MOSFET switch and is connected with the positive polarity end of the auxiliary capacitor, and the negative polarity end of the auxiliary capacitor is connected with the negative polarity end of the main capacitor.
A further development of the invention is that the comparison voltage Ul of the low-voltage comparator is equal to the minimum operating voltage Umin of the supercapacitor.
A further development of the invention is that the comparison voltage Uh of the high-voltage comparator is equal to the maximum operating voltage Umax of the supercapacitor.
A further development of the invention is that the auxiliary capacitance has a typical capacitance value which is equal to one tenth of the main capacitance.
The voltage balancing method of the auxiliary thermal power generating unit AGC frequency modulation super capacitor bank is based on the voltage balancing device of the auxiliary thermal power generating unit AGC frequency modulation super capacitor bank and comprises the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the following steps that a thermal power generating unit receives a frequency modulation instruction for adjusting power downwards, a super capacitor bank detects the difference value of the current power of the thermal power generating unit and the frequency modulation instruction, the charging process is started, and a voltage balancing device enables a high-voltage comparator of each unit;
step 2: when any unit of the super capacitor bank is charged to reach the maximum working voltage, the high-voltage comparator of the unit outputs a high-level signal, triggers the charging MOSFET switch of the unit to be switched on, and starts to charge the auxiliary capacitor of the unit;
and step 3: stopping the charging process and locking the high-voltage comparators of each unit after more than half of the high-voltage comparators of all units of the super capacitor bank output high-level signals;
and 4, step 4: the method comprises the following steps that a thermal power generating unit receives a frequency modulation instruction for adjusting power upwards, a super capacitor bank detects the difference value between the current power of the thermal power generating unit and the frequency modulation instruction, the discharging process is started, and a voltage balancing device enables a low-voltage comparator of each unit;
and 5: when any unit of the super capacitor bank discharges to reach the minimum working voltage, the low-voltage comparator of the unit outputs a high-level signal and triggers the discharge MOSFET switch of the unit to be switched on, and the auxiliary capacitor starts to discharge;
step 6: and stopping the discharging process and locking the low-voltage comparators of all the units after more than half of the low-voltage comparators of all the units of the super capacitor bank output high-level signals.
And 7: and the super capacitor repeats the charging and discharging processes according to a frequency modulation command sent by the power grid to the unit.
The invention has the further improvement that in the step 3 and the step 6, the FPGA is adopted to process the output signals of the multi-path high-voltage comparator or the low-voltage comparator in parallel, so that the response speed is improved.
A further development of the invention is that the comparison voltage Ul of the low-voltage comparator is equal to the minimum operating voltage Umin of the supercapacitor.
A further development of the invention is that the comparison voltage Uh of the high-voltage comparator is equal to the maximum operating voltage Umax of the supercapacitor.
A further development of the invention is that the auxiliary capacitance has a typical capacitance value which is equal to one tenth of the main capacitance.
The invention is further improved in that the comparison logic of the voltage comparator can be realized by combination of analog devices and can also be realized by integration of digital devices.
The invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the invention adopts the auxiliary capacitor to compensate the single capacitor of the series super capacitor group, and realizes compensation according to requirements by controlling the on-off of the auxiliary capacitor, thereby realizing the balance control of voltage.
2. The invention adopts the MOSFET switch to control the on-off of the auxiliary capacitor, can realize frequent on-off and has small power loss.
3. According to the invention, the output signals of the plurality of comparators are processed in parallel by adopting the FPGA, so that the response speed of the system can be improved, and the complexity of the control circuit is greatly reduced.
4. The invention adopts a modular structure, is very easy to build a high-power super capacitor bank and maintain, and only needs to replace the damaged unit capacitor if the unit is damaged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
1. compared with a flying capacitor method, the voltage balancing device for assisting the AGC frequency modulation super capacitor device group of the thermal power generating unit provided by the invention has the advantages that a hardware circuit is simpler, a complex switch network is not needed, and a control algorithm is simpler.
2. The voltage balancing device for assisting the AGC frequency modulation super capacitor device group of the thermal power generating unit is of a modular structure, can easily realize series connection of a large number of super capacitors, and is suitable for engineering application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a voltage equalization device of an AGC frequency modulation supercapacitor set of an auxiliary thermal power generating unit according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the voltage equalization apparatus for an auxiliary thermal power generating unit AGC frequency modulation supercapacitor bank provided by the present invention includes 40 ± 5 identical units, each unit includes a main capacitor 1, an auxiliary capacitor 2, a low voltage comparator 3, a high voltage comparator 4, a discharging MOSFET switch 5, and a charging MOSFET switch (6); the positive polarity end of the main capacitor of each unit is connected with the source electrode of the discharge MOSFET switch and the drain electrode of the charge MOSFET switch, the voltage input end of the low-voltage comparator is connected with the positive polarity end of the main capacitor, the output end of the low-voltage comparator is connected with the grid electrode of the discharge MOSFET switch, the voltage input end of the high-voltage comparator is connected with the positive polarity end of the main capacitor, the output end of the high-voltage comparator is connected with the grid electrode of the charge MOSFET switch, the drain electrode of the discharge MOSFET switch is connected with the source electrode of the charge MOSFET switch and is connected with the positive polarity end of the auxiliary capacitor, and the negative polarity end of the auxiliary capacitor is connected with the negative polarity end of the main capacitor.
The invention provides a voltage balancing method for an AGC frequency modulation super capacitor bank of an auxiliary thermal power generating unit, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the following steps that a thermal power generating unit receives a frequency modulation instruction for adjusting power downwards, a super capacitor bank detects the difference value of the current power of the thermal power generating unit and the frequency modulation instruction, the charging process is started, and a voltage balancing device enables a high-voltage comparator of each unit;
step 2: when any unit of the super capacitor bank is charged to reach the maximum working voltage, the high-voltage comparator of the unit outputs a high-level signal, triggers the charging MOSFET switch of the unit to be switched on, and starts to charge the auxiliary capacitor of the unit;
and step 3: stopping the charging process and locking the high-voltage comparators of each unit after more than half of the high-voltage comparators of all units of the super capacitor bank output high-level signals;
and 4, step 4: the method comprises the following steps that a thermal power generating unit receives a frequency modulation instruction for adjusting power upwards, a super capacitor bank detects the difference value between the current power of the thermal power generating unit and the frequency modulation instruction, the discharging process is started, and a voltage balancing device enables a low-voltage comparator of each unit;
and 5: when any unit of the super capacitor bank discharges to reach the minimum working voltage, the low-voltage comparator of the unit outputs a high-level signal and triggers the discharge MOSFET switch of the unit to be switched on, and the auxiliary capacitor starts to discharge;
step 6: stopping the discharging process and locking the low-voltage comparators of each unit after more than half of the low-voltage comparators of all units of the super capacitor bank output high-level signals;
and 7: and the super capacitor repeats the charging and discharging processes according to a frequency modulation command sent by the power grid to the unit.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2, the basic principle of the technical solution of this embodiment is the same as that of the claims, and the voltage equalization of the supercapacitor bank is realized by controlling the conduction of the auxiliary capacitor through the high-voltage comparator and the low-voltage comparator. The difference lies in that the conduction trigger pulses of the high-voltage comparator, the low-voltage comparator and the auxiliary capacitor are all realized by the FPGA, so that the integration of the whole system is realized, and the consistency and the reliability of the series connection of all elements are improved.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The voltage balancing device of the auxiliary thermal power generating unit AGC frequency modulation super capacitor bank is characterized by comprising 64 same units, wherein each unit comprises a main capacitor (1), an auxiliary capacitor (2), a low-voltage comparator (3), a high-voltage comparator (4), a discharging MOSFET switch (5) and a charging MOSFET switch (6);
the positive polarity end of the main capacitor of each unit is connected with the source electrode of the discharge MOSFET switch and the drain electrode of the charge MOSFET switch, the voltage input end of the low-voltage comparator is connected with the positive polarity end of the main capacitor, the output end of the low-voltage comparator is connected with the grid electrode of the discharge MOSFET switch, the voltage input end of the high-voltage comparator is connected with the positive polarity end of the main capacitor, the output end of the high-voltage comparator is connected with the grid electrode of the charge MOSFET switch, the drain electrode of the discharge MOSFET switch is connected with the source electrode of the charge MOSFET switch and is connected with the positive polarity end of the auxiliary capacitor, and the negative polarity end of the auxiliary capacitor is connected with the negative polarity end of the main capacitor.
2. The voltage equalizing device of the AGC frequency-modulated supercapacitor set of the auxiliary thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, wherein a comparison voltage Ul of the low-voltage comparator is equal to a minimum operating voltage Umin of a supercapacitor.
3. The voltage equalizing device of the AGC frequency-modulated supercapacitor set of the auxiliary thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, wherein a comparison voltage Uh of the high-voltage comparator is equal to a maximum operating voltage Umax of a supercapacitor.
4. The voltage equalizing device of the AGC tuned supercapacitor bank of the auxiliary thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, wherein a typical capacitance value of the auxiliary capacitor is equal to one tenth of a main capacitor.
5. The voltage balancing method for the auxiliary thermal power generating unit AGC frequency modulation supercapacitor set is characterized in that the method is based on the voltage balancing device for the auxiliary thermal power generating unit AGC frequency modulation supercapacitor set, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the following steps that a thermal power generating unit receives a frequency modulation instruction for adjusting power downwards, a super capacitor bank detects the difference value of the current power of the thermal power generating unit and the frequency modulation instruction, the charging process is started, and a voltage balancing device enables a high-voltage comparator of each unit;
step 2: when any unit of the super capacitor bank is charged to reach the maximum working voltage, the high-voltage comparator of the unit outputs a high-level signal, triggers the charging MOSFET switch of the unit to be switched on, and starts to charge the auxiliary capacitor of the unit;
and step 3: stopping the charging process and locking the high-voltage comparators of each unit after more than half of the high-voltage comparators of all units of the super capacitor bank output high-level signals;
and 4, step 4: the method comprises the following steps that a thermal power generating unit receives a frequency modulation instruction for adjusting power upwards, a super capacitor bank detects the difference value between the current power of the thermal power generating unit and the frequency modulation instruction, the discharging process is started, and a voltage balancing device enables a low-voltage comparator of each unit;
and 5: when any unit of the super capacitor bank discharges to reach the minimum working voltage, the low-voltage comparator of the unit outputs a high-level signal and triggers the discharge MOSFET switch of the unit to be switched on, and the auxiliary capacitor starts to discharge;
step 6: stopping the discharging process and locking the low-voltage comparators of each unit after more than half of the low-voltage comparators of all units of the super capacitor bank output high-level signals;
and 7: and the super capacitor repeats the charging and discharging processes according to a frequency modulation command sent by the power grid to the unit.
6. The voltage equalization method for the AGC frequency modulation supercapacitor bank of the auxiliary thermal power generating unit according to claim 5, wherein in the step 3 and the step 6, an FPGA is adopted to process output signals of a plurality of paths of high-voltage comparators or low-voltage comparators in parallel, so that the response speed is improved.
7. The method for voltage equalization of an AGC frequency modulated supercapacitor bank of an auxiliary thermal power generating unit according to claim 5, wherein the comparison voltage U1 of the low-voltage comparator is equal to the minimum operating voltage Umin of the supercapacitor.
8. The method for voltage equalization of an AGC tuned supercapacitor bank of an auxiliary thermal power generating unit according to claim 5, wherein the comparison voltage Uh of the high voltage comparator is equal to the maximum operating voltage Umax of the supercapacitor.
9. The method for voltage equalization of an AGC tuned supercapacitor bank of an auxiliary thermal power generating unit according to claim 5, wherein the typical capacitance value of the auxiliary capacitor is equal to one tenth of the main capacitor.
10. The method for voltage equalization of the AGC frequency-modulated supercapacitor bank of the auxiliary thermal power generating unit according to claim 5, wherein the comparison logic of the voltage comparator can be realized by combination of analog devices and can also be realized by integration of digital devices.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110801209.8A CN113555883B (en) | 2021-07-15 | 2021-07-15 | Voltage balancing device and method for auxiliary thermal power generating unit AGC frequency modulation super capacitor bank |
| PCT/CN2022/103143 WO2023284560A1 (en) | 2021-07-15 | 2022-06-30 | Apparatus and method for balancing voltage of super-capacitor bank for assisting with thermal power unit agc frequency modulation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110801209.8A CN113555883B (en) | 2021-07-15 | 2021-07-15 | Voltage balancing device and method for auxiliary thermal power generating unit AGC frequency modulation super capacitor bank |
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| CN113555883A true CN113555883A (en) | 2021-10-26 |
| CN113555883B CN113555883B (en) | 2023-02-24 |
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| CN202110801209.8A Active CN113555883B (en) | 2021-07-15 | 2021-07-15 | Voltage balancing device and method for auxiliary thermal power generating unit AGC frequency modulation super capacitor bank |
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| WO (1) | WO2023284560A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2023284560A1 (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2023-01-19 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Apparatus and method for balancing voltage of super-capacitor bank for assisting with thermal power unit agc frequency modulation |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023284560A1 (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2023-01-19 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Apparatus and method for balancing voltage of super-capacitor bank for assisting with thermal power unit agc frequency modulation |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023284560A1 (en) | 2023-01-19 |
| CN113555883B (en) | 2023-02-24 |
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Application publication date: 20211026 Assignee: HUANENG LUOYUAN POWER GENERATION Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2023110000149 Denomination of invention: Voltage balancing device and method for AGC frequency regulation supercapacitor banks in auxiliary thermal power units Granted publication date: 20230224 License type: Common License Record date: 20231206 |
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