CN110474354A - Micro-capacitance sensor isolated operation mode control method for coordinating containing lithium battery and super capacitor - Google Patents

Micro-capacitance sensor isolated operation mode control method for coordinating containing lithium battery and super capacitor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110474354A
CN110474354A CN201910742214.9A CN201910742214A CN110474354A CN 110474354 A CN110474354 A CN 110474354A CN 201910742214 A CN201910742214 A CN 201910742214A CN 110474354 A CN110474354 A CN 110474354A
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power
lithium battery
dsc
soc
super capacitor
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CN201910742214.9A
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CN110474354B (en
Inventor
牟晓春
王小红
侯凯
王俊辉
储厚成
赵雪
朱捷
程谦
张青杰
王旭东
于建成
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
NARI Group Corp
Nari Technology Co Ltd
NARI Nanjing Control System Co Ltd
State Grid Electric Power Research Institute
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
NARI Group Corp
Nari Technology Co Ltd
NARI Nanjing Control System Co Ltd
State Grid Electric Power Research Institute
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses the micro-capacitance sensor isolated operation mode control method for coordinating containing lithium battery and super capacitor, micro-capacitance sensor includes photovoltaic generating system, load, micro electric network coordination controller, the joint energy-storage system being made of lithium battery energy storage battery unit and super capacitor storage unit and photovoltaic generating system and combines the respective local controller of energy-storage system.Micro electric network coordination controller determines that coordinated control instructs, and is issued photovoltaic power generation local controller and joint energy-storage system local controller progress power tracking control, realizes photovoltaic generating system and combines the coordinated control of energy-storage system.The present invention has the advantages that high power density, fast response time, charge and discharge number are almost unrestricted using supercapacitor, balances high frequency, the fluctuation within a narrow range of power, while providing the voltage and frequency reference of micro-grid system;Have energy density big using lithium battery, the limited feature of charge and discharge number can be with active balance low frequency power.

Description

Micro-capacitance sensor isolated operation mode control method for coordinating containing lithium battery and super capacitor
Technical field
The present invention relates to the micro-capacitance sensor isolated operation mode control method for coordinating containing lithium battery and super capacitor, belong to new energy Source technical field of power generation.
Background technique
The top priority of its coordination control strategy of the micro-capacitance sensor of isolated operation is to guarantee the stabilization of micro-capacitance sensor and important negative The power supply quality and reliability of lotus avoid influence of the new energy power swing to micro-capacitance sensor;It is lonely using the micro-capacitance sensor of single energy storage When island is run, be easy by generation of electricity by new energy with load relation between supply and demand is unbalanced influences, cause to overcharge, over-discharge phenomenon, and single The limitation of energy-storage system is not able to satisfy multifarious electrical energy demands.After hybrid energy-storing, especially for containing lithium battery and The micro-capacitance sensor of super capacitor needs to give full play to the advantage of different energy storage, can greatly play the advantage of different energy storage in this way, Super-charge super-discharge is avoided, the stabilization of system and the service life of energy storage are greatly enhanced;Again, guarantee safety and energy-storage travelling wave tube not by Under the premise of damage, the isolated operation time of guarantee micro-capacitance sensor as far as possible extends, with to power system restoration, there are the sufficient times.
Therefore how preferably by means of the characteristic of different energy storage, by the function under different time scales under isolated operation mode It is problem to be solved that a variety of demands such as rate variation, load fluctuation and the foundation of micro-capacitance sensor voltage frequency, which carry out reasonable distributions,.
Summary of the invention
Present invention seek to address that coordinating to control containing the micro-capacitance sensor isolated operation mode of lithium battery and super capacitor in the prior art The problem of method processed does not give full play of the advantage of lithium battery and super capacitor, and the stability of micro-capacitance sensor is relatively difficult to guarantee proposes Micro-capacitance sensor isolated operation mode control method for coordinating containing lithium battery and super capacitor.
Since supercapacitor has the advantages that high power density, fast response time, charge and discharge number are almost unrestricted, Decomposition control is carried out to joint energy-storage system compensation power, using the high frequency of supercapacitor balance power, fluctuation within a narrow range, together When provide micro-grid system voltage and frequency reference.Lithium battery has energy density big, the limited feature of charge and discharge number, main It is used to balance the low frequency power in micro-capacitance sensor.
To realize the above-mentioned technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
On the one hand, the present invention provides the micro-capacitance sensor isolated operation mode coordinated control sides containing lithium battery and super capacitor Method, the micro-capacitance sensor is by photovoltaic generating system, joint energy-storage system, load (including important load and common load), micro-capacitance sensor The compositions such as tuning controller, photovoltaic power generation local controller, joint energy-storage system local controller, multiple switch.Joint energy storage System is made of lithium battery energy storage battery unit and super capacitor storage unit.The lithium battery energy storage battery unit is by lithium battery, two-way DC/ DC converter 1 and two-way DC/AC converter 1 composition;The lithium battery is connected with two-way DC/DC converter 1, and two-way DC/DC becomes Parallel operation 1 is connect with two-way DC/AC converter 1, is connected in series on public exchange bus by switch K1;The super capacitor energy-storage list Member is made of super capacitor, two-way DC/DC converter 2 and two-way DC/AC converter 2;The super capacitor and two-way DC/DC become Parallel operation 2 is connected, and two-way DC/DC converter 2 is connect with two-way DC/AC converter 2, is connected in series to public exchange bus by switch K2 On;The photovoltaic generating system is connect with photovoltaic combining inverter, is connected in series on public exchange bus by switch K3;It is important negative Lotus is connected in series on public exchange bus by switch K4, and common load is connected in series on public exchange bus by switch K5.
SOCbState-of-charge, U are used for the depth of discharge and electricity of lithium batterydscFor the depth of discharge of super capacitor It is characterized with end voltage, difference active power Δ P is that micro-capacitance sensor loads real output signal PloadWith photovoltaic generating system Output power PVDifference, i.e. (Δ P=Pload-PV), SOCbFor lithium battery charge state, SOCb_maxFor the charged maximum of lithium battery Value, SOCb_minFor lithium battery charge state minimum value, Pb_refFor lithium battery active power reference value, Pb_discFor putting for lithium battery Electrical power, Pb_cFor the charge power of lithium battery, Udsc_maxFor the depth of discharge end voltage max of super capacitor, Udsc_minFor the depth of discharge end voltage minimum of super capacitor, PscFor the power of supercapacitor in energy storage control system Offset, Psc_highNeed to compensate power component reference value, P for super capacitor high frequencysc_discFor the electric discharge function of supercapacitor Rate, Psc_cFor the charge power of supercapacitor, Psc_refFor super capacitor active power reference value.
The photovoltaic generating system is controlled by photovoltaic power generation local controller, and the joint energy-storage system is controlled by joint storage It can system local controller;The micro electric network coordination controller loads real output signal P according to micro-capacitance sensorload, load Reactive power Qload, photovoltaic generating system output power PV, lithium battery state-of-charge SOCbAnd the charge and discharge of super capacitor Depth UdscIt determines photovoltaic generating system and combines the coordinated control instruction of energy-storage system, and control instruction is issued into photovoltaic respectively Generate electricity local controller and joint energy-storage system local controller;
Control instruction controls based on the received respectively for photovoltaic power generation local controller and joint energy-storage system local controller The current transformer of respective system carries out power tracking control, realizes photovoltaic generating system and combines the coordinated control of energy-storage system.
Further, micro electric network coordination controller determines photovoltaic generating system and combines the coordinated control instruction of energy-storage system Method is as follows:
1) determine that micro-capacitance sensor loads real output signal PloadWith the output power P of photovoltaic generating systemVDifference have Function power difference Δ P;Joint energy-storage system is to absorb or issue power come degree of sentencing according to difference active power Δ P, to guarantee The power-balance of micro-grid system.
2) to difference active power difference Δ P and load reactive power QloadIt is decomposed, obtains lithium battery and super electricity The compensation power component of appearance, distributes to supercapacitor for high frequency power, and low frequency power is distributed to lithium battery, to give full play to Their advantage realizes accurately power tracking.
3) judge the state-of-charge SOC of lithium batterybAnd the depth of discharge U of super capacitordsc, come in conjunction with the symbol of Δ P Control the operating status of lithium battery and super capacitor.
On the basis of above technical scheme, further, the method for step 2) includes:
Step 1: difference DELTA P is decomposed using low-pass filter, obtains the reference value of lithium battery low-frequency compensation power component Pb_low, then with difference DELTA P subtract Pb_lowIt obtains super capacitor high frequency and needs to compensate power component reference value Psc_high, such as following formula institute Show;
Step 2: since photovoltaic generating system does not generate reactive power, the reactive power that load needs is all by joining Energy-storage system is closed to provide.Reactive power Q will be loaded using low-pass filterloadIt decomposes, obtains the idle function of lithium battery low-frequency compensation The reference value Q of rate componentb_low, then with load reactive power QloadSubtract lithium battery low-frequency compensation reactive power component reference value Qb_lowIt obtains super capacitor high frequency and needs compensating power component reference value Qsc_high, it is shown below;
Wherein s integral function, T time step-length are mended shown herein as the integral function and time of 1 rank low-pass filter of filtering It repays.
Further, it is determined that the method for low-pass filter parameter are as follows: with lithium battery using maximum service life (MSL) N and Maximum allowable charge and discharge number MmaxSecondary, then the charge and discharge number that daily lithium battery allows isIf photovoltaic is sent out When the electric system working time is at when T1 to T2, then the frequency of photovoltaic power fluctuation is balanced with lithium battery The power compensation frequency critical value of lithium battery and super capacitor is set with this.Here determining frequency f is finally exactly described in determination Time step T's, maximum service life (MSL) and most that time step T=1/f, in this way design low-pass filter parameter guarantee lithium battery Good charging times.
Further, step 3) includes the SOC for judging lithium batterybAnd the U of super capacitordsc, come in conjunction with the symbol of Δ P The operating status for controlling lithium battery and super capacitor avoids energy storage depth charge status from occurring, possesses biggish charging nargin, Energy storage loss is reduced, is prolonged its service life.
(1) as Δ P < 0, photovoltaic generation power is greater than load power at this time, and energy storage device is needed to absorb extra power, The state-of-charge of energy storage device is judged:
1-1) work as SOCb<SOCb_maxAnd Udsc<Udsc_maxWhen, even Psc=Psc_high, Pb_ref=Pb_low
1-2) work as SOCb<SOCb_maxAnd Udsc≥Udsc_maxWhen, super capacitor state is more than upper limit value at this time, is arranged super Capacitor is lithium battery charging, this season Psc=Psc_high-Psc_disc, Pb_ref=Pb_low+Psc_disc
1-3) work as SOCb≥SOCb_maxAnd Udsc<Udsc_maxWhen, lithium battery state is more than upper limit value at this time, and lithium battery is arranged For super capacitor charging, this season Psc=Psc_high+Pb_disc, Pb_ref=Pb_low-Pb_disc
1-4) work as SOCb≥SOCb_maxAnd Udsc≥Udsc_maxWhen, photovoltaic generating system is switched to by MPPT mode at this time Agc mode limits its generated energy, so that Δ P > 0, load power is preferentially provided by lithium battery and super capacitor, switchs to step 2- 5)。
1-5) work as SOCb≤SOCb_minAnd Udsc≤Udsc_minWhen, Psc=Psc_high+Psc_c, Pb_ref=Pb_low+Pb_c
(2) as Δ P > 0, load power is greater than photovoltaic power at this time, needs energy storage device discharging compensation active power poor Volume judges the state-of-charge of energy storage device:
2-1) work as SOCb>SOCb_minAnd Udsc>Udsc_minWhen, even Psc=Psc_high;Pb_ref=Pb_low
2-2) work as SOCb>SOCb_minAnd Udsc≤Udsc_minWhen, super capacitor state is in lower limit value, setting lithium electricity at this time Pond is super capacitor charging, this season Psc=Psc_high+Psc_c, Pb_ref=Pb_low-Psc_c
2-3) work as SOCb≤SOCb_minAnd Udsc>Udsc_minWhen, lithium battery is in lower limit value at this time, and setting super capacitor is Lithium battery charging, this season Psc=Psc_high-Pb_c, Pb_ref=Pb_low+Pb_c
2-4) work as SOCb≤SOCb_minAnd Udsc≤Udsc_minWhen, it needs to cut off common load step by step at this time, so that Δ P < 0, It preferentially gives joint energy-storage system to charge by photovoltaic generating system, so that energy-storage system carrying capacity is unlikely to too low and damages, turns For step 1-5).
2-5) work as SOCb≥SOCb_maxAnd Udsc≥Udsc_maxWhen, Psc=Psc_high-Psc_disc, Pb_ref=Pb_low-Pb_disc
(3) as Δ P=0, photovoltaic power is equal to load power at this time, and energy-storage system is exchanged with micro-capacitance sensor inactivity, but It is that can carry out Power Exchange between energy storage device at this time:
3-1) work as Udsc>Udsc_maxAnd SOCb<SOCb_maxWhen or Udsc>Udsc_minAnd SOCb<SOCb_min, it is arranged super Capacitor charges to lithium battery, even Psc=-Psc_disc, Pb_ref=Psc_disc
3-2) work as Udsc<Udsc_maxAnd SOCb>SOCb_maxWhen or Udsc<Udsc_minAnd SOCb>SOCb_minWhen, lithium is set Battery charges to supercapacitor, even Psc=Pb_disc, Pb_ref=-Pb_disc
3-3) work as Udsc≥Udsc_maxAnd SOCb≥SOCb_maxWhen, photovoltaic generating system is switched to by MPPT mode at this time Agc mode limits its generated energy, so that Δ P > 0, load power is preferentially provided by lithium battery and super capacitor, switchs to step 2- 5)。
3-4) work as Udsc≤Udsc_minAnd SOCb≤SOCb_minWhen, it needs to cut off common load step by step at this time, so that Δ P < 0, It preferentially gives joint energy-storage system to charge by photovoltaic generating system, so that energy-storage system carrying capacity is unlikely to too low and damages, turns For step 1-5).
If 3-5) state-of-charge of energy storage device is unsatisfactory for above-mentioned 3-1), 3-2), 3-3), 3-4), condition, energy storage device It does not charge and does not discharge yet.
Further, photovoltaic power generation local controller issues working condition, operation and MPPT according to micro electric network coordination controller State or AGC state, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter realize different capacity tracing control according to different conditions.
Further, joint energy storage local controller includes the control to two-way DC/DC converter 1 and 2, and two-way DC/AC becomes Control two parts of parallel operation 1 and 2.Control main target for DC/DC is to guarantee DC-side Voltage Stabilization.DC/AC is converted The control of device 1 uses power outer ring, current inner loop double loop control, realizes the lithium battery for issuing micro electric network coordination controller Value and power reference carries out low frequency power tracing control.The control of DC/AC converter 2 is controlled using tracking network voltage frequency, On the one hand power outer ring, current inner loop three close-loop control provide the voltage support of isolated operation micro-capacitance sensor, on the other hand realizing will be micro- The super capacitor value and power reference that electric network coordination controller issues carries out high frequency power tracing control.
Further, two-way DC/DC converter 1 and two-way DC/DC converter 2 control with the following method:
By given DC voltage Udc* with actual measurement DC voltage UdcSubtract each other, gained difference passes through PI controller, obtains direct current Flow reference value Idc*;
By DC current reference value Idc *Subtract each other with actual measurement DC current I, gained difference forms reference after PI controller Voltage signal, the control signal of S1 and S2 in two-way DC/DC converter 1 is finally obtained after PWM modulation.
Switch control signal is consistent with above-mentioned control mode in two-way DC/DC converter 2.
Still further, the two-way DC/AC converter 1, using step control as follows:
The lithium battery active-power P that will be generated according to the control of Power Decomposition control methodb_lowWith the idle function of lithium battery low frequency Rate Qb_lowLithium battery active power reference value P as two-way DC/AC converter 1b_refWith lithium battery reactive power reference qref Qb_ref, by lithium battery active power reference value Pb_refWith lithium battery reactive power reference qref Qb_refIt is decoupled, is obtained in electric current The reference value I of ring 1drefAnd Iqref, by reference value IdrefAnd IqrefCompared with actually measured inductive current, obtained error Signal is by transient current ring PI controller as two-way 1 modulated voltage signal U of DC/AC converterabc
Still further, the two-way DC/AC converter 2, using step control as follows:
Track the control of network voltage and frequency: the voltage U of real-time sampling power gridgrid, pass through three-phase phase-locked loop and amplitude Generate the output voltage U of two-way DC/AC converterscThe reference value f of (namely support voltage of isolated operation micro-capacitance sensor)nomAnd frequency Rate Unom, the two is made comparisons, and by obtained difference by PI controller, is generated required for maintaining micro-capacitance sensor voltage and frequency stabilization Active-power PmAnd reactive power Qm
Current inner loop 2 controls: the P that control is generatedmThe function of supercapacitor in the energy storage control system generated with control Rate superposition value PscIt is added the reference value P as total two-way DC/AC converter 2sc_ref, the two-way DC/AC of control generation is converted The output reactive power Q of device 2mNeed to compensate power component reference value Q with the super capacitor high frequency of control productionsc_highIt is added and makees For the reactive power reference qref Q of the super capacitor of total two-way DC/AC converter 2sc_ref, by active-power Psc_refWith idle function Rate Qsc_refIt is decoupled, obtains the reference value of current inner loop 2, compared with actually measured inductive current, obtained error is believed Number by transient current ring PI controller as two-way 2 modulated voltage signal of DC/AC converter.The present invention beneficial skill achieved Art effect:
The present invention judges the SOC of lithium batterybAnd the U of super capacitordsc, in conjunction with micro-capacitance sensor load real output letter Number PloadWith the output power P of photovoltaic generating systemVThe symbol of difference active power Δ P control lithium battery and super capacitor Operating status, avoid energy storage depth charge status from occurring, possess biggish charging nargin, reduce energy storage loss, extend it Service life;
The present invention decomposes difference active power Δ P, and high frequency power is distributed to supercapacitor, by low frequency power Lithium battery is distributed to, to give full play to their advantage, realizes accurately power tracking;
The present invention has high power density, fast response time, charge and discharge number almost unrestricted using supercapacitor The advantages of, decomposition control is carried out to power, using the high frequency of supercapacitor balance power, fluctuation within a narrow range, while being provided micro- The voltage and frequency reference of network system;Have energy density big using lithium battery, the limited feature of charge and discharge number is main to control Power-balance in micro-capacitance sensor processed, while absorbing low frequency power;Finally avoid new energy power swing dry to micro-capacitance sensor bring It disturbs, realizes the power quality and power supply reliability of important load in micro-capacitance sensor, realize the safe and stable operation of micro-capacitance sensor;
The charge and discharge number and photovoltaic power fluctuation is balanced with lithium battery that the present invention allows according to daily lithium battery Frequency determines low-pass filter, and micro-capacitance sensor load real output signal P is decomposed according to the low-pass filterloadWith The difference active power Δ P of the output power of photovoltaic generating system, ensure that maximum service life (MSL) and the optimal charge of lithium battery Number.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the polynary topological structure signal for closing energy-storage system in typical micro-capacitance sensor and micro-capacitance sensor of the present invention Figure;
Fig. 2 is DC/DC converter topology structure chart in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the control block diagram of DC/DC converter in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is Power Decomposition control principle block diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is 1 topology diagram of DC/AC bidirectional converter in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is two-way 1 control principle drawing of DC/AC converter of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is 2 topology diagram of DC/AC bidirectional converter in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is two-way 2 control principle block diagram of DC/AC converter of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Following embodiment is only used for clearly illustrating the present invention Technical solution, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, micro-capacitance sensor is by photovoltaic generating system, joint energy-storage system, important load, common load, micro-capacitance sensor The compositions such as tuning controller, photovoltaic power generation local controller, joint energy-storage system local controller, multiple switch.Joint energy storage System is made of lithium battery energy storage battery unit and super capacitor storage unit.As shown in Figure 1, lithium battery energy storage battery module by lithium battery, Two-way DC/DC converter 1, two-way DC/AC converter 1 composition;The super capacitor energy-storage module is by super capacitor, two-way DC/ DC converter 2, two-way DC/AC converter 2 composition.Lithium battery becomes by two-way DC/DC converter 1 and two-way DC/AC converter 1 It changes, super capacitor is converted by two-way DC/DC converter 2 and two-way DC/AC converter 2, the joint energy-storage system of the two composition After being aggregated into an ac bus, finally unify supplying power for outside.The joint energy-storage system reduces difference using DC/DC converter The influence that voltage class inputs DC/AC converter DC voltage reduces energy storage during discharge due to holding voltage change Caused current ripples, while the charge and discharge mode of easily controllable energy-storage units.Feature: two-way DC/DC converter is mainly realized The energy in bidirectional flow of energy storage device, and maintain the constant of DC voltage;Two-way DC/AC converter is mainly used for realizing isolated island The power-balance in " source-lotus " and micro-capacitance sensor voltage, the stabilization of frequency under mode.
The following contents in order to facilitate understanding provides the parameter definition being related to here:
SOCbState-of-charge, U are used for the depth of discharge and electricity of lithium batterydscFor the depth of discharge of super capacitor It is characterized with end voltage, difference active power Δ P is that micro-capacitance sensor loads real output signal PloadWith photovoltaic generating system Output power PVDifference, i.e. (Δ P=Pload-PV), SOCb_maxFor the charged maximum value of lithium battery, SOCb_minIt is charged for lithium battery State minimum value, Pb_refFor lithium battery active power reference value, Pb_discFor the discharge power of lithium battery, Pb_cFor filling for lithium battery Electrical power, Udsc_maxFor the depth of discharge end voltage max of super capacitor, Udsc_minIt is deep for the charge and discharge of super capacitor Degree end voltage minimum, PscFor the power compensating value of supercapacitor in energy storage control system, Psc_highFor super capacitor height Frequency needs to compensate power component reference value, Psc_discFor the discharge power of supercapacitor, Psc_cFor the charging function of supercapacitor Rate, Psc_refFor super capacitor active power reference value.
Micro electric network coordination controller controlled for realizing the coordinated control of photovoltaic generating system, joint energy-storage system Journey is as follows:
1) photovoltaic generating system preferentially runs on maximum power power generation (MPPT) state, to guarantee that the maximum of illumination utilizes Rate, to adjust photovoltaic generation power;Joint energy-storage system is to absorb or issue function come degree of sentencing according to difference active power Δ P Rate, to guarantee the power-balance of micro-grid system.
2) to difference active power Δ P and load reactive power QloadIt is decomposed, obtains lithium battery and super capacitor Power component is compensated, high frequency power is distributed into supercapacitor, low frequency power is distributed into lithium battery, to give full play to them Advantage, realize accurately power tracking.
3) as shown in figure 4, the method for decomposing control includes:
Step 1: low-pass filter parameter is determined.Preferably, in order to guarantee the maximum service life (MSL) of lithium battery and most preferably fill Electric number uses maximum service life (MSL) N and maximum allowable charge and discharge number M with lithium batterymaxIt is secondary, then daily lithium battery The charge and discharge number of permission isIf the photovoltaic generating system working time is at when 8 to 18, then lithium battery is used To balance the frequency of photovoltaic power fluctuationThe power compensation frequency of lithium battery and super capacitor is set with this Critical value.
Step 2: difference DELTA P is decomposed using low-pass filter, obtains the reference value of lithium battery low-frequency compensation power component Pb_low, then with difference DELTA P subtract Pb_lowIt obtains super capacitor high frequency and needs to compensate power component reference value Psc_high, such as following formula institute Show;
Step 3: since photovoltaic generating system does not generate reactive power, the reactive power that load needs is all by joining Energy-storage system is closed to provide.Reactive power Q will be loaded using low-pass filterloadIt decomposes, obtains the idle function of lithium battery low-frequency compensation The reference value Q of rate componentb_low, then with load reactive power QloadSubtract lithium battery low-frequency compensation reactive power component reference value Qb_lowIt obtains super capacitor high frequency and needs compensating power component reference value Qsc_high, it is shown below;
4) judge the SOC of lithium batterybAnd the U of super capacitordsc, lithium battery and super electricity are controlled in conjunction with the symbol of Δ P The operating status of appearance avoids energy storage depth charge status from occurring, and possesses biggish charging nargin, reduces energy storage loss, extends Its service life.
(1) as Δ P < 0, photovoltaic generation power is greater than load power at this time, and energy storage device is needed to absorb extra power, The state-of-charge of energy storage device is judged:
1-1) work as SOCb<SOCb_maxAnd Udsc<Udsc_maxWhen, even Psc=Psc_high, Pb_ref=Pb_low
1-2) work as SOCb<SOCb_maxAnd Udsc≥Udsc_maxWhen, super capacitor state is more than upper limit value at this time, is arranged super Capacitor is lithium battery charging, this season Psc=Psc_high-Psc_disc, Pb_ref=Pb_low+Psc_disc
1-3) work as SOCb≥SOCb_maxAnd Udsc<Udsc_maxWhen, lithium battery state is more than upper limit value at this time, and lithium battery is arranged For super capacitor charging, this season Psc=Psc_high+Pb_disc, Pb_ref=Pb_low-Pb_disc
1-4) work as SOCb≥SOCb_maxAnd Udsc≥Udsc_maxWhen, photovoltaic generating system is switched to by MPPT mode at this time Agc mode limits its generated energy, so that Δ P > 0, load power is preferentially provided by lithium battery and super capacitor, switchs to step 2- 5)。
1-5) work as SOCb≤SOCb_minAnd Udsc≤Udsc_minWhen, Psc=Psc_high+Psc_c, Pb_ref=Pb_low+Pb_c
(2) as Δ P > 0, load power is greater than photovoltaic power at this time, needs energy storage device discharging compensation active power poor Volume judges the state-of-charge of energy storage device:
2-1) work as SOCb>SOCb_minAnd Udsc>Udsc_minWhen, even Psc=Psc_high;Pb_ref=Pb_low
2-2) work as SOCb>SOCb_minAnd Udsc≤Udsc_minWhen, super capacitor state is in lower limit value, setting lithium electricity at this time Pond is super capacitor charging, this season Psc=Psc_high+Psc_c, Pb_ref=Pb_low-Psc_c
2-3) work as SOCb≤SOCb_minAnd Udsc>Udsc_minWhen, lithium battery is in lower limit value at this time, and setting super capacitor is Lithium battery charging, this season Psc=Psc_high-Pb_c, Pb_ref=Pb_low+Pb_c
2-4) work as SOCb≤SOCb_minAnd Udsc≤Udsc_minWhen, it needs to cut off common load step by step at this time, so that Δ P < 0, It preferentially gives joint energy-storage system to charge by photovoltaic generating system, so that energy-storage system carrying capacity is unlikely to too low and damages, turns For step 1-5).
2-5) work as SOCb≥SOCb_maxAnd Udsc≥Udsc_maxWhen, Psc=Psc_high-Psc_disc, Pb_ref=Pb_low-Pb_disc
(3) as Δ P=0, photovoltaic power is equal to load power at this time, and energy-storage system is exchanged with micro-capacitance sensor inactivity, but It is that can carry out Power Exchange between energy storage device at this time:
3-1) work as Udsc>Udsc_maxAnd SOCb<SOCb_maxWhen or Udsc>Udsc_minAnd SOCb<SOCb_min, it is arranged super Capacitor charges to lithium battery, even Psc=-Psc_disc, Pb_ref=Psc_disc
3-2) work as Udsc<Udsc_maxAnd SOCb>SOCb_maxWhen or Udsc<Udsc_minAnd SOCb>SOCb_minWhen, lithium is set Battery charges to supercapacitor, even Psc=Pb_disc, Pb_ref=-Pb_disc
3-3) work as Udsc≥Udsc_maxAnd SOCb≥SOCb_maxWhen, photovoltaic generating system is switched to by MPPT mode at this time Agc mode limits its generated energy, so that Δ P > 0, load power is preferentially provided by lithium battery and super capacitor, switchs to step 2- 5)。
3-4) work as Udsc≤Udsc_minAnd SOCb≤SOCb_minWhen, it needs to cut off common load step by step at this time, so that Δ P < 0, It preferentially gives joint energy-storage system to charge by photovoltaic generating system, so that energy-storage system carrying capacity is unlikely to too low and damages, turns For step 1-5).
If 3-5) state-of-charge of energy storage device is unsatisfactory for above-mentioned 3-1), 3-2), 3-3), 3-4), condition, energy storage device It does not charge and does not discharge yet.
Photovoltaic power generation local controller issues working condition according to micro electric network coordination controller, operation and MPPT state or Person's AGC state, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter realize different capacity tracing control according to different conditions.
Joint energy storage local controller includes the control to two-way DC/DC converter 1 and 2, two-way DC/AC converter 1 and 2 Control two parts.It is to guarantee DC-side Voltage Stabilization to the control main target with DC/DC.Control to DC/AC converter 1 Using power outer ring, current inner loop double loop control, the lithium battery power reference for issuing micro electric network coordination controller is realized Value carries out low frequency power tracing control.To the control of DC/AC converter 1 using tracking network voltage frequency control, power outer ring, Current inner loop three close-loop control, on the one hand provides the voltage support of isolated operation micro-capacitance sensor, on the other hand realizes micro electric network coordination The super capacitor value and power reference that controller issues carries out high frequency power tracing control.
When micro-capacitance sensor operates in the operating mode of isolated island, two-way DC/DC converter 1 in lithium battery energy storage battery module and super Two-way DC/DC converter 2 in capacitive energy storage module, runs on two kinds of operating modes: charge mode and discharge mode.Charge mould Under formula, which uses as Buck circuit, absorbs external energy and charges to energy storage;Under discharge mode, the converter conduct Boost circuit uses, and energy storage device outwardly releases energy.Its DC/DC converter topology structure is as shown in Figure 2.
It is illustrated in figure 3 the control block diagram of two-way DC/DC converter 1 and 2, using in DC voltage outer ring and DC current The double -loop control of ring.
By given DC voltage Udc* with actual measurement DC voltage UdcSubtract each other, gained difference passes through PI controller, obtains direct current Flow reference value Idc*;By DC current reference value Idc *Subtract each other with actual measurement DC current I, gained difference is formed after PI controller The voltage signal of reference finally obtains the control signal of S1 and S2 in two-way DC/DC converter 1 after PWM modulation.
Switch control signal is consistent with above-mentioned control mode in two-way DC/DC converter 2.
By realizing the electric voltage frequency support of isolated operation micro-capacitance sensor with the control method of up converter and according to micro- electricity The super capacitor value and power reference that net tuning controller issues carries out high frequency power tracing control.
It is illustrated in figure 5 the topology diagram of two-way DC/AC converter 1:
Power Decomposition is controlled to the reference value P for the lithium battery low-frequency compensation power component that control generatesb_lowIt is low with lithium battery The reference value Q of frequency compensating power componentb_lowLithium battery active power reference value P as two-way DC/AC converter 1b_ref With lithium battery reactive power reference qref Qb_ref, by Pb_refAnd Qb_refIt is decoupled, obtains the reference value I of current inner loop 1drefWith Iqref(see the I in figuredAnd Iq), compared with actually measured inductive current, obtained error signal is by transient current ring PI Controller is as two-way 1 modulated voltage signal U of DC/AC converterabc.It is as shown in Figure 6 that it controls original image.
It is illustrated in figure 7 the topology diagram of two-way DC/AC converter 2, Fig. 8 is that the control of two-way DC/AC converter 2 is former Reason figure, rate-determining steps:
Track the control of network voltage and frequency: the voltage U of real-time sampling power gridgrid, pass through three-phase phase-locked loop and amplitude Generate the output voltage U of two-way DC/AC converterscThe reference value f of (namely support voltage of isolated operation micro-capacitance sensor)nomAnd frequency Rate Unom, the two is made comparisons, and by obtained difference by PI controller, is generated required for maintaining micro-capacitance sensor voltage and frequency stabilization Active-power PmAnd reactive power Qm
Current inner loop 2 controls: the P that control is generatedmThe function of supercapacitor in the energy storage control system generated with control Rate superposition value PscIt is added the reference value P as total two-way DC/AC converter 2sc_ref, the two-way DC/AC of control generation is converted The output reactive power Q of device 2mNeed to compensate power component reference value Q with the super capacitor high frequency of control productionsc_highIt is added and makees For the reactive power reference qref Q of the super capacitor of total two-way DC/AC converter 2sc_ref, by active-power Psc_refWith idle function Rate Qsc_refIt is decoupled, obtains the reference value of current inner loop 2, compared with actually measured inductive current, obtained error is believed Number by transient current ring PI controller as two-way 2 modulated voltage signal of DC/AC converter.
The present invention has high power density, fast response time, charge and discharge number almost unrestricted using supercapacitor The advantages of, decomposition control is carried out to power, using the high frequency of supercapacitor balance power, fluctuation within a narrow range, while being provided micro- The voltage and frequency reference of network system;Have energy density big using lithium battery, the limited feature of charge and discharge number is main to control Power-balance in micro-capacitance sensor processed, while absorbing low frequency power;The final stabilization for realizing micro-capacitance sensor and the safety continuous to load Power supply avoids new energy power swing from interfering micro-capacitance sensor bring, the final power quality for realizing important load in micro-capacitance sensor And power supply reliability, realize the safe and stable operation of micro-capacitance sensor.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, embodiments herein can provide as method, system or computer program Product.Therefore, complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or reality combining software and hardware aspects can be used in the application Apply the form of example.Moreover, it wherein includes the computer of computer usable program code that the application, which can be used in one or more, The computer program implemented in usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) produces The form of product.
The application is referring to method, the process of equipment (system) and computer program product according to the embodiment of the present application Figure and/or block diagram describe.It should be understood that every one stream in flowchart and/or the block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions The combination of process and/or box in journey and/or box and flowchart and/or the block diagram.It can provide these computer programs Instruct the processor of general purpose computer, special purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing devices to produce A raw machine, so that being generated by the instruction that computer or the processor of other programmable data processing devices execute for real The device for the function of being specified in present one or more flows of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
These computer program instructions, which may also be stored in, is able to guide computer or other programmable data processing devices with spy Determine in the computer-readable memory that mode works, so that it includes referring to that instruction stored in the computer readable memory, which generates, Enable the manufacture of device, the command device realize in one box of one or more flows of the flowchart and/or block diagram or The function of being specified in multiple boxes.
These computer program instructions also can be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that counting Series of operation steps are executed on calculation machine or other programmable devices to generate computer implemented processing, thus in computer or The instruction executed on other programmable devices is provided for realizing in one or more flows of the flowchart and/or block diagram one The step of function of being specified in a box or multiple boxes.
The embodiment of the present invention is described in conjunction with attached drawing above, but the invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific Embodiment, the above mentioned embodiment is only schematical, rather than restrictive, those skilled in the art Under the inspiration of the present invention, without breaking away from the scope protected by the purposes and claims of the present invention, it can also make very much Form, all of these belong to the protection of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. the micro-capacitance sensor isolated operation mode control method for coordinating containing lithium battery and super capacitor, which is characterized in that micro- electricity Net includes photovoltaic generating system, joint energy-storage system, load and micro electric network coordination controller;Photovoltaic generating system, joint energy storage System and load pass through switch respectively and are connected to public exchange bus;
Joint energy-storage system includes lithium battery energy storage battery unit and super capacitor storage unit;
The lithium battery energy storage battery unit includes lithium battery, two-way DC/DC converter 1 and two-way DC/AC converter 1;The lithium electricity Pond is connected with two-way DC/DC converter 1, and two-way DC/DC converter 1 is connect with two-way DC/AC converter 1;
The super capacitor storage unit includes super capacitor, two-way DC/DC converter 2 and two-way DC/AC converter 2;It is described Super capacitor is connected with two-way DC/DC converter 2, and two-way DC/DC converter 2 is connect with two-way DC/AC converter 2;
The photovoltaic generating system is controlled by photovoltaic power generation local controller, and the joint energy-storage system is controlled by joint energy storage system System local controller;The micro electric network coordination controller loads reality output active power signal P according to micro-capacitance sensorload, load Reactive power Qload, photovoltaic generating system output power PV, lithium battery state-of-charge SOCbAnd the charge and discharge of super capacitor Depth UdscIt determines photovoltaic generating system and combines the coordinated control instruction of energy-storage system, and control instruction is issued into photovoltaic respectively Generate electricity local controller and joint energy-storage system local controller;
The photovoltaic power generation local controller and the control instruction control based on the received respectively of joint energy-storage system local controller The current transformer for making respective system carries out power tracking control, realizes photovoltaic generating system and combines the coordinated control of energy-storage system.
2. the micro-capacitance sensor isolated operation mode control method for coordinating according to claim 1 containing lithium battery and super capacitor, It is characterized in that, micro electric network coordination controller determines photovoltaic generating system and combines the method for the coordinated control instruction of energy-storage system It is as follows:
Determine that micro-capacitance sensor loads real output signal PloadWith the output power P of photovoltaic generating systemVDifference active power Δ P, expression formula are as follows: △ P=Pload-PV
Respectively to difference active power value Δ P and load reactive power QloadIt is decomposed, obtains the benefit of lithium battery and super capacitor Repay power component;
Judge the state-of-charge SOC of lithium batterybAnd the depth of discharge U of super capacitordsc, lithium is controlled in conjunction with the symbol of Δ P The operating status of battery and super capacitor.
3. the micro-capacitance sensor isolated operation mode control method for coordinating according to claim 2 containing lithium battery and super capacitor, It is characterized in that, decomposing to difference active power Δ P, the compensation real power component of lithium battery and super capacitor is obtained Method particularly includes:
Step 1: difference active power value Δ P is decomposed using predetermined low-pass filter, obtains lithium battery low-frequency compensation The reference value P of real power componentb_low, then with difference DELTA P subtract Pb_lowSuper capacitor high frequency is obtained to need to compensate active power Component reference value Psc_high, it is shown below;
Step 2: reactive power Q will be loaded using predetermined low-pass filterloadDecompose, obtain lithium battery low-frequency compensation without The reference value Q of function power componentb_low, then with load reactive power QloadSubtract the reference of lithium battery low-frequency compensation reactive power component Value Qb_lowIt obtains super capacitor high frequency and needs compensating power component reference value Qsc_high, it is shown below;
Wherein s integral function, T time step-length.
4. the micro-capacitance sensor isolated operation mode control method for coordinating according to claim 3 containing lithium battery and super capacitor, It is characterized in that, the parameter determination method of the low-pass filter is as follows:
Maximum service life (MSL) N and maximum allowable charge and discharge number M is used with lithium batterymaxIt is secondary, determine that daily lithium battery is permitted Perhaps charge and discharge number is
If the photovoltaic generating system working time is at when T1 to T2, then the frequency of photovoltaic power fluctuation is balanced with lithium batteryThe power compensation frequency critical value of lithium battery and super capacitor is set with this.
5. the micro-capacitance sensor isolated operation mode control method for coordinating according to claim 2 containing lithium battery and super capacitor, It is characterized in that, judging the state-of-charge SOC of lithium batterybAnd the depth of discharge U of super capacitordsc, in conjunction with the symbol of Δ P To control the operating status of lithium battery and super capacitor method particularly includes:
(1) as Δ P < 0, photovoltaic generation power is greater than load power at this time, needs energy storage device to absorb extra power, to storage The state-of-charge of energy device is judged:
1-1) work as SOCb<SOCb_maxAnd Udsc<Udsc_maxWhen, even Psc=Psc_high, Pb_ref=Pb_low
1-2) work as SOCb<SOCb_maxAnd Udsc≥Udsc_maxWhen, super capacitor state is more than upper limit value at this time, and super capacitor is arranged For lithium battery charging, this season Psc=Psc_high-Psc_disc, Pb_ref=Pb_low+Psc_disc
1-3) work as SOCb≥SOCb_maxAnd Udsc<Udsc_maxWhen, lithium battery state is more than upper limit value at this time, and setting lithium battery is super Grade capacitor charging, this season Psc=Psc_high+Pb_disc, Pb_ref=Pb_low-Pb_disc
1-4) work as SOCb≥SOCb_maxAnd Udsc≥Udsc_maxWhen, photovoltaic generating system is switched into AGC mould by MPPT mode at this time Formula limits its generated energy, so that Δ P > 0, load power is preferentially provided by lithium battery and super capacitor, switchs to step 2-5);
1-5) work as SOCb≤SOCb_minAnd Udsc≤Udsc_minWhen, Psc=Psc_high+Psc_c, Pb_ref=Pb_low+Pb_c
(2) as Δ P > 0, load power is greater than photovoltaic power at this time, needs energy storage device discharging compensation active power difference, right The state-of-charge of energy storage device is judged:
2-1) work as SOCb>SOCb_minAnd Udsc>Udsc_minWhen, even Psc=Psc_high;Pb_ref=Pb_low
2-2) work as SOCb>SOCb_minAnd Udsc≤Udsc_minWhen, super capacitor state is in lower limit value at this time, and setting lithium battery is Super capacitor charging, this season Psc=Psc_high+Psc_c, Pb_ref=Pb_low-Psc_c
2-3) work as SOCb≤SOCb_minAnd Udsc>Udsc_minWhen, lithium battery is in lower limit value at this time, and setting super capacitor is lithium electricity Pond charging, this season Psc=Psc_high-Pb_c, Pb_ref=Pb_low+Pb_c
2-4) work as SOCb≤SOCb_minAnd Udsc≤Udsc_minWhen, it needs to cut off common load step by step at this time, so that Δ P < 0, passes through Photovoltaic generating system preferentially gives joint energy-storage system to charge, so that energy-storage system carrying capacity is unlikely to too low and damages, switchs to walk Rapid 1-5);
2-5) work as SOCb≥SOCb_maxAnd Udsc≥Udsc_maxWhen, Psc=Psc_high-Psc_disc, Pb_ref=Pb_low-Pb_disc
(3) as Δ P=0, photovoltaic power is equal to load power at this time, and energy-storage system is exchanged with micro-capacitance sensor inactivity, but this When energy storage device between can carry out Power Exchange:
3-1) work as Udsc>Udsc_maxAnd SOCb<SOCb_maxWhen or Udsc>Udsc_minAnd SOCb<SOCb_min, supercapacitor is set It charges to lithium battery, even Psc=-Psc_disc, Pb_ref=Psc_disc
3-2) work as Udsc<Udsc_maxAnd SOCb>SOCb_maxWhen or Udsc<Udsc_minAnd SOCb>SOCb_minWhen, setting lithium battery to Supercapacitor charging, even Psc=Pb_disc, Pb_ref=-Pb_disc
3-3) work as Udsc≥Udsc_maxAnd SOCb≥SOCb_maxWhen, photovoltaic generating system is switched into AGC mould by MPPT mode at this time Formula limits its generated energy, so that Δ P > 0, load power is preferentially provided by lithium battery and super capacitor, switchs to step 2-5);
3-4) work as Udsc≤Udsc_minAnd SOCb≤SOCb_minWhen, it needs to cut off common load step by step at this time, so that Δ P < 0, passes through Photovoltaic generating system preferentially gives joint energy-storage system to charge, so that energy-storage system carrying capacity is unlikely to too low and damages, switchs to walk Rapid 1-5);
If 3-5) state-of-charge of energy storage device is unsatisfactory for above-mentioned 3-1), 3-2), 3-3), 3-4) condition, energy storage device do not fill Electricity does not also discharge;
Wherein SOCb_maxFor the charged maximum value of lithium battery, SOCb_minFor lithium battery charge state minimum value, Pb_refHave for lithium battery Function value and power reference, Pb_discFor the discharge power of lithium battery, Pb_cFor the charge power of lithium battery, Udsc_maxFor super capacitor Depth of discharge end voltage max, Udsc_minFor the depth of discharge end voltage minimum of super capacitor, PscFor energy storage The power compensating value of supercapacitor, P in control systemsc_highNeed to compensate power component reference value for super capacitor high frequency, Psc_discFor the discharge power of supercapacitor, Psc_cFor the charge power of supercapacitor, Psc_refFor super capacitor wattful power Rate reference value.
6. the micro-capacitance sensor isolated operation mode control method for coordinating according to claim 1 containing lithium battery and super capacitor, It is characterized in that, the current transformer of joint energy-storage system local controller control joint energy-storage system includes to convert to two-way DC/DC The control of device 1 and 2, control two parts of two-way DC/AC converter 1 and 2, the control main target for DC/DC are to guarantee directly Flow side voltage stabilization;Power outer ring, current inner loop double loop control are used to the control of DC/AC converter 1;DC/AC is become The control of parallel operation 2 is using the control of tracking network voltage frequency, power outer ring and current inner loop three close-loop control.
7. the micro-capacitance sensor isolated operation mode control method for coordinating according to claim 1 containing lithium battery and super capacitor, It is characterized in that, photovoltaic generating system preferentially runs on maximum power generating state, it is secondary to run on Automatic Generation Control state, To adjust photovoltaic generation power;
Joint energy-storage system is to absorb or issue power come degree of sentencing according to difference active power Δ P, to guarantee micro-grid system Power-balance.
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