CN113554342A - Highly-configurable bid evaluation method for complex engineering construction project - Google Patents
Highly-configurable bid evaluation method for complex engineering construction project Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of application of bidding of engineering construction projects, and provides a bid evaluation method for complex engineering construction projects. According to the invention, through the analysis of the complex engineering construction project, various bid evaluation cards which are suitable for the actual engineering construction project and respectively correspond to multiple technical field experts are designed and manufactured, the bid evaluation cards are scanned, paper data are converted into electronic data, the identification and verification of on-site bid evaluation data are completed by utilizing an image analysis and identification technology, the data accuracy is ensured, the electronization of the bid evaluation data is realized, the output of the bid evaluation result of the complex engineering construction project based on a fuzzy comprehensive scoring method is completed through the processing of the bid evaluation data, the bid evaluation data is counted and analyzed finally, the final bid evaluation result is output, and the difficulty in the calculation of complex matrix data is solved. The method can be used for bidding evaluation of common engineering construction projects, particularly for bidding evaluation of complex engineering construction projects, and can ensure smooth, efficient and standard implementation of project bidding evaluation processes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of application of bidding of engineering construction projects, and particularly relates to a bid evaluation method for complex engineering construction projects.
Background
Compared with the traditional engineering construction project, the complex engineering construction project has the following outstanding characteristics: (1) the technical field has large span, and a plurality of technical expert groups in the field are required to finish the evaluation of different evaluation contents of the project together; (2) the bid evaluation items in each bid evaluation field are large in quantity and complex in relation, and more than 100 bid evaluation items are usually generated; (3) the bid evaluation items comprise subjective and objective scoring types, and part of bid evaluation items have special constraint requirements and require on-site verification. (4) The bid evaluation process usually adopts a system evaluation method, such as a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and a final bid evaluation result can be obtained only by completing complex matrix calculation based on multiple levels.
In the traditional bid evaluation process, bid evaluation data are usually recorded in a manual or paper file mode, a bid evaluation result can be formed only by the processes of filling a bid evaluation table by an expert, manually inputting bid evaluation data, performing data conversion, verification, statistical calculation and the like in the bid evaluation process, and for a complex engineering construction project, if a traditional bid evaluation method is adopted, the problem of dividing bid evaluation projects related to common bid evaluation by multiple experts exists; the original evaluation data is input in a complicated and error-prone manner, and the data is difficult to verify; the statistical calculation process is complex, time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the bid evaluation result is not easy to trace back and recheck.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a highly configurable bid evaluation method for a complex engineering construction project, which solves the problem that the complex engineering construction project needs multi-field expert bid evaluation content division; the bid evaluation data needs to be quickly input, electronized and checked; and analyzing and processing the evaluation data of the complex engineering project and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose and solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
The bid evaluation card is made by image graphic processing software, and each bid evaluation card is divided into five regions according to functions: the system comprises an expert identification area, a bidder identification area, a filling description area, a bidding grading area and a coordinate verification area;
the expert identification area comprises an expert signature area and an expert number area, and is used for carrying out expert signature and filling expert numbers, wherein the expert numbers are actually extracted and determined on site, and technical experts are firstly carried out, and then economic experts are carried out;
the bidder identification area is used for filling the number of the bidder and determining the number and the number of the bidder according to the reality of the bidding party on the day;
the filling description area is used for explaining the attention matters and requirements which need to be emphasized by the comment;
the bidding evaluation partition is used for filling the bidding experts to grade each grade item of the specific bidder according to the requirements of the bidding document;
the coordinate calibration area is divided into a transverse coordinate calibration area and a longitudinal coordinate calibration area, corresponds to all positions needing to be filled and is used for determining transverse and longitudinal coordinates of each filling and coating area;
The data reading of the bid evaluation card adopts image scanning equipment capable of continuously and quickly reading a plurality of pages, the scanning equipment generates an image file for each bid evaluation card, and for a plurality of bid evaluation cards scanned at one time, a scanning system automatically names the output scanning files according to the scanning sequence; respectively scanning different types of bid evaluation cards and storing the bid evaluation cards into different folders;
step 3, evaluation data processing
3.1 recognizing image data
Respectively identifying images stored in different folders, generating one line of data for each evaluation card, generating one Excel data table file for one type of evaluation card, and outputting data corresponding to scanning identification of each type of evaluation card, wherein n is a positive integer, and the image identification process is as follows:
3.1.1 opening the image and converting the image into a matrix object; each pixel of the image has position information, the position information of a coordinate verification area of the evaluation card is read, the image is corrected, and the position of a vertical coordinate and a horizontal coordinate of each filling area is determined according to the vertical coordinate and the horizontal coordinate verification area;
3.1.2 reading all the position identification files of the bid evaluation items, and assigning longitudinal and transverse coordinate position information to each full-filling item of the bid evaluation items;
3.1.3 reading the filling condition of each bid evaluation item in the image matrix according to the bid evaluation item position identification file, calculating the average value of the area, setting a filling judgment standard, judging that the area is filled when the area is larger than the filling area, and otherwise judging that the area is not filled;
3.1.4 reading the position identification files of the bid evaluation items, outputting each bid evaluation card as a line of data, and storing all the bid evaluation card data of one type as an original recording file for tracing and rechecking the archived paper real data; the original recording file can also be applied to a data processing file and used as a data source for subsequent data verification and evaluation data weighted calculation, so that the comparison with a calculation result is facilitated, and the accuracy of data output is ensured;
3.2 verification evaluation data
Reading original data, verifying the scoring items scored by the experts according to the requirements of the bidding documents, prompting the experts and the scoring items to be modified for the bidding cards which do not meet the requirements, facilitating the experts to modify the bidding cards on site, scanning and identifying again, and forming verified data documents after verification is completed;
3.3 weighted calculation and statistics of bid evaluation results
And reading the verified data file, finishing the weighted calculation of the data matrix by using a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method according to the requirement of the bidding document, and outputting a calculation result.
Furthermore, the comment card of step 1 is made by adopting Photoshop or Firework software, the image resolution is 200dpi, and the A4 format is designed.
Further, the bidding scoring area in the step 1 is divided into a business scoring area, a technical scoring area and a price scoring area according to the bidding document; each scoring area is divided into a plurality of scoring single items, each scoring single item is divided into an objective scoring item and a subjective scoring item, each objective scoring item is divided into five scoring items of ABCDE, and each subjective scoring item is divided into 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0 and other scoring items according to the reality.
Further, the bidding scoring area in step 1 is used for facilitating the scoring of experts, and the subjective scoring item, the objective scoring item and the scoring item needing scoring verification are respectively distinguished by different colors.
Further, PyCharm is adopted in the evaluation data processing development environment in the step 3, Python 3.83 is used as a development language, Python third-party extension libraries matplotlib, skiimage, pandas, NumPy, PyQt5 and the like are used, wherein matplotlib is used for outputting statistical data graphs, skiimage is used for image recognition, pandas and NumPy are used for data analysis statistical calculation and the like, and PyQt5 is used for generating a graphical user interface.
Further, the fill criteria in step 3.1.3 are set as follows: more than 30% of the filled pixels are considered to be filled by the evaluation expert.
The effective benefits of the invention over the prior art are as follows:
1. the method can be used for bidding evaluation of common engineering construction projects, particularly for bidding evaluation of complex engineering construction projects, and can ensure that the project bidding evaluation process is smooth, efficient and standard:
2. aiming at complex engineering construction projects, the invention needs to construct complex bid evaluation levels and bid evaluation single items across multiple technical fields, and designs a plurality of bid evaluation cards. Each type of bid evaluation card corresponds to different technical field bid evaluation experts and a plurality of bid evaluation single items needing evaluation of the bid evaluation experts.
By adopting the bid evaluation card and the bid evaluation card data reading module, the bid evaluation cards which are filled and signed by the bid evaluation experts are automatically input, a single bid evaluation card can contain all scores of the experts on the system or the subsystem, the input time is only in a sub-second order, and the probability of mis-input and mis-input is close to zero, so that the data input process is greatly simplified, and the data input accuracy is improved;
3. the method verifies the input data by using a program, and positions of scoring items which do not accord with the rules of a scoring method and the experts of the scoring items are timely positioned; after all data are verified effectively, the statistical calculation is automatically carried out according to a preset scoring calculation rule, the data verification and the statistical calculation which are originally required to be completed within dozens of minutes or even hours are automatically completed within second-order time, the error rate of the statistical calculation is less than one ten thousandth, time and labor are saved, and the reliability is high;
4. the high configurability of the invention is realized in two aspects, and the multiclass evaluation card of the invention embodies the adaptability to complex engineering construction projects; and a built-in scoring data processing method can be adapted to various scoring cards and various system scoring methods.
5. The evaluation data in the invention is recorded and stored in an image form, and is saved step by step in the reading and calculating processes, and the whole process is transparent and traceable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the intelligent bid evaluation system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a data reading module of the bid evaluation card according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a comment card according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of bid evaluation data processing according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an operation interface of the intelligent bid evaluation system.
Detailed Description
The invention is explained and illustrated in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
According to the invention, through the analysis of the complex engineering construction project, various bid evaluation cards which are suitable for the actual engineering construction project and respectively correspond to multiple technical field experts are designed and manufactured, and the problem that the multiple technical field experts respectively score bid evaluation items in the field and jointly form comprehensive bid evaluation scores is solved;
the scanning bid evaluation card is used for converting paper data into electronic data, and the image analysis and identification technology is utilized to complete field bid evaluation data identification and verification, so that the accuracy of the data is ensured, the requirements of bid evaluation methods are met, and the problems of electronization of bid evaluation data, data entry of a large number of bid evaluation cards and data verification are solved;
and (4) finishing the output of the bid evaluation result of the complex engineering construction project based on a fuzzy comprehensive scoring method (selection of various system evaluation algorithms) through bid evaluation data processing. And (4) carrying out statistical analysis on the bid evaluation data, outputting a final bid evaluation result, and solving the difficulty in calculating complex matrix data.
The invention comprises three steps, namely making an evaluation card, scanning the evaluation card and processing evaluation data, as shown in figure 1:
The bid evaluation card module can be made by using image graphic processing software, such as Photoshop or Firework software, the image resolution is 200dpi, the A4 format is designed, and each bid evaluation card is divided into five regions according to functions: from top to bottom, there are an expert identification area, a bidder identification area, a fill-in description area, a bid evaluation area and a coordinate verification area from left to right, which are shown in the schematic diagram of the bid evaluation card in fig. 3.
The expert identification area comprises an expert signature area and an expert number area, and is used for carrying out expert signature and filling expert numbers, wherein the expert numbers are actually extracted and determined on site, and technical experts are firstly carried out, and then economic experts are carried out;
the bidder identification area is used for filling the number of the bidder and determining the number and the number of the bidder according to the reality of the bidding party on the day;
filling the description area: the comment form card is generally positioned at the upper right part of the comment card and is used for explaining the cautions and requirements which need to be emphasized by the comment form card;
the bidding scoring partition is used for filling the bidding experts to score each scoring item of a specific bidder according to the requirements of the bidding document, and can be divided into a business scoring partition, a technical scoring partition, a price scoring partition and the like according to the bidding document. Each scoring area is divided into a plurality of scoring items, each scoring item can be divided into an objective item and a subjective item, the objective item is generally divided into five equal-valued items ABCDE, and the subjective item can be divided into 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0 equal-valued items according to reality. In order to facilitate the scoring of experts, the subjective scoring item, the objective scoring item and the item to be scored and checked are respectively distinguished by different colors (such as red, green and blue colors).
And the coordinate checking area is divided into a transverse coordinate checking area and a longitudinal coordinate checking area, corresponds to all positions needing to be filled and is used for determining transverse and longitudinal coordinates of each filling and coating area.
The data reading of the bid evaluation cards adopts image scanning equipment capable of continuously and quickly reading a plurality of pages, the scanning equipment can generate an image file for each bid evaluation card, for scanning a plurality of bid evaluation cards at a time, a scanning system can automatically name the output scanning files according to the scanning sequence, and different types of bid evaluation cards are respectively scanned and stored in different folders. As shown in fig. 2.
In this example, a Nanhao cloud reader model 4120 with an optical resolution of 600dpi, a scanning speed of 120PPM and a paper stacking amount of 80 pages is used. And after all the bid evaluation cards are completely filled, collecting the bid evaluation cards by field workers, respectively scanning by using a bid evaluation card data reading module according to the types of the bid evaluation cards, and completing image scanning of the bid evaluation data cards. Setting the image scanning resolution as 200dpi, and the output format as black and white binary, JPEG format, and single-side scanning.
2.1 image data scanning
In FIG. 5, clickScanning comment cardAnd the button calls a scanning software interface of the bid evaluation card data reading module by using Python, sets scanning parameters and finishes image data scanning of the bid evaluation card.
2.2 storing image data
The scanned image uses JPEG format, different evaluation card image data are stored in different folders, one type of evaluation card is stored in card1 folder, and so on.
Step 3, evaluation data processing
The evaluation data processing development environment adopts Pycharm, the development language uses Python 3.83, and uses Python's third-party extension library matplotlib, sketch, pandas, NumPy, PyQt5, etc., wherein matplotlib is used for outputting statistical data graphics, sketch is used for image recognition, pandas and NumPy are used for data analysis statistical calculation, etc., and PyQt5 is used for generating an image user interface.
And the bid evaluation data processing controls the bid evaluation card to read the data of the identification image, verify the bid evaluation data, perform weighted calculation and count the bid evaluation result. The bid evaluation data processing flow chart is shown in fig. 4, and the intelligent bid evaluation system operation interface is shown in fig. 5.
3.1 recognizing image data
In FIG. 5, clickIdentification and bid evaluation dataThe button uses Python to respectively identify the images stored in different folders, each bid evaluation card generates one line of data, and one class of bid evaluation card generates one Excel data table file.
The image recognition process is as follows:
3.1.1 opening the image by using the sketch, and converting the image into a binary NumPy matrix object; each pixel of the image has position information, the position information of a coordinate verification area of the evaluation card is read, the image is corrected, and the position of a vertical coordinate and a horizontal coordinate of each filling area is determined according to the vertical coordinate and the horizontal coordinate verification area;
3.1.2 reading all bid evaluation item position identification files _ unit. csv files, and assigning longitudinal and transverse coordinate position information to each bid evaluation item filling item;
3.1.3 reading the filling condition of each bid evaluation item in the image matrix according to the bid evaluation item position identification file, calculating the average value of the area by using the NumPy, setting a filling judgment standard (generally 30%), judging that the area is filled when the area is larger than the filling area, and otherwise judging that the area is not filled;
3.1.4 reading a _ unit.csv file by using pandas, outputting each evaluation card as a line of data, storing all the evaluation card data of one type into an original.csv file as an original recording file, and being used for tracing and rechecking the archived real paper data; the file can also be used as an Excel data processing file to complete a data source for subsequent data verification and evaluation data weighting calculation. The Python calculation result can be compared with the Python calculation result conveniently, and the accuracy of data output is ensured.
3.2 verification evaluation data
In FIG. 5, clickLoading dataAnd the buttons are used for respectively loading and browsing the data results of the identified evaluation cards.
Reading an original data file by using pandas, and outputting a data result according to needs;
in FIG. 5, clickVerifying dataAnd the buttons can respectively check the technical overall data and the historical performance data of the card.csv file according to the requirement of the bidding document.
Reading original data by using pandas, verifying the scoring items scored by experts according to the requirements of the bidding documents, and prompting the experts and the scoring items to be modified for the scoring cards which do not meet the requirements; and the expert can modify the evaluation card on site conveniently, and can scan and identify the evaluation card again. And after the verification is finished, a verified data file is formed, so that the subsequent processing is facilitated.
3.3 weighted calculation and statistics of bid evaluation results
In FIG. 5, clickC5, Business partThe buttons can respectively calculate the weighted calculation results of the single items;
reading the verified data file by using pandas, finishing the weighted calculation of the data matrix by using a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method according to the requirement of the bidding document, and outputting a calculation result;
in FIG. 5, clickBusiness partAnd the buttons are used for respectively counting the scores of the business part, the technical part and the price part and statistically displaying the final bid evaluation result.
And (5) completing data calculation of each part by using pandas, and counting a final bid evaluation result.
Claims (6)
1. A highly configurable bid evaluation method for complex engineering construction projects is characterized by comprising the following three steps:
step 1, making a bid evaluation card
The bid evaluation card is made by image graphic processing software, and each bid evaluation card is divided into five regions according to functions: the system comprises an expert identification area, a bidder identification area, a filling description area, a bidding grading area and a coordinate verification area;
the expert identification area comprises an expert signature area and an expert number area, and is used for carrying out expert signature and filling expert numbers, wherein the expert numbers are actually extracted and determined on site, and are firstly technically expert and then economically expert;
the bidder identification area is used for filling the number of the bidder and determining the number and the number of the bidder according to the reality of the bidding party on the day;
the full-filling description area is used for describing the cautionary matters and requirements which need to be emphasized by the bidding;
the bidding evaluation partition is used for filling the bidding experts to grade each grade item of a specific bidder according to the requirements of the bidding document;
the coordinate calibration area is divided into a transverse coordinate calibration area and a longitudinal coordinate calibration area, corresponds to all positions needing to be filled and is used for determining transverse and longitudinal coordinates of each filling and coating area;
step 2, scanning and reading the bid evaluation card
The data reading of the bid evaluation card adopts image scanning equipment capable of continuously and quickly reading a plurality of pages, the scanning equipment generates an image file for each bid evaluation card, and for a plurality of bid evaluation cards scanned at one time, a scanning system automatically names the output scanning files according to the scanning sequence; respectively scanning different types of bid evaluation cards and storing the bid evaluation cards into different folders;
step 3, evaluation data processing
3.1 recognizing image data
Respectively identifying images stored in different folders, generating one line of data for each evaluation card, generating one Excel data table file for one type of evaluation card, and outputting data corresponding to scanning identification of each type of evaluation card, wherein n is a positive integer, and the image identification process is as follows:
3.1.1 opening the image and converting the image into a matrix object; each pixel of the image has position information, the position information of a coordinate verification area of the evaluation card is read, the image is corrected, and the position of a vertical coordinate and a horizontal coordinate of each filling area is determined according to the vertical coordinate and the horizontal coordinate verification area;
3.1.2 reading all the position identification files of the bid evaluation items, and assigning longitudinal and transverse coordinate position information to each full-filling item of the bid evaluation items;
3.1.3 reading the filling condition of each bid evaluation item in the image matrix according to the bid evaluation item position identification file, calculating the average value of the area, setting a filling judgment standard, judging that the area is filled when the area is larger than the filling area, and otherwise judging that the area is not filled;
3.1.4 reading the position identification files of the bid evaluation items, outputting each bid evaluation card as a line of data, and storing all the bid evaluation card data of one type as an original recording file for tracing and rechecking the archived paper real data; the original recording file can also be applied to a data processing file and used as a data source for subsequent data verification and evaluation data weighted calculation, so that the comparison with a calculation result is facilitated, and the accuracy of data output is ensured;
3.2 verification evaluation data
Reading original data, verifying the scoring items scored by the experts according to the requirements of the bidding documents, prompting the experts and the scoring items to be modified for the bidding cards which do not meet the requirements, facilitating the experts to modify the bidding cards on site, scanning and identifying again, and forming verified data documents after verification is completed;
3.3 weighted calculation and statistics of bid evaluation results
And reading the verified data file, finishing the weighted calculation of the data matrix by using a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method according to the requirement of the bidding document, and outputting a calculation result.
2. The high configurable bid evaluation method facing the complex engineering construction project according to claim 1, wherein the bid evaluation card of step 1 is made by adopting Photoshop or Firework software, the image resolution is 200dpi, and the A4 format is designed.
3. The method for evaluating the highly configurable bids for the complex engineering construction project as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bid section of step 1 is divided into a business score section, a technical score section and a price score section according to the bid document; each scoring area is divided into a plurality of scoring single items, each scoring single item is divided into an objective scoring item and a subjective scoring item, each objective scoring item is divided into five scoring items of ABCDE, and each subjective scoring item is divided into 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 and 0 scoring items according to the reality.
4. The highly configurable bid evaluation method for complex engineering construction projects according to claim 3, wherein the bid evaluation region of step 1 is used for facilitating the evaluation of experts, and the subjective evaluation item, the objective evaluation item and the evaluation item to be evaluated are respectively distinguished by different colors.
5. The highly configurable bid evaluation method for the complex engineering construction project according to claim 1, wherein the bid evaluation data processing development environment of step 3 adopts pychar, the development language uses Python 3.83, and uses Python's third party extension library matplotlib, sketch, pandas, NumPy 5, etc., wherein matplotlib is used for outputting statistical data graphics, sketch is used for image recognition, pandas and NumPy are used for data analysis statistical calculation, etc., and PyQt5 is used for generating an image user interface.
6. The method for evaluating the configurable bid for the complex engineering construction project according to claim 1, wherein the filling standard in the step 3.1.3 is set as follows: more than 30% of the filled pixels are considered to be filled by the evaluation expert.
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