CN113551929B - Testing system and testing method for unsteady-state heat source heat storage and exchange device - Google Patents
Testing system and testing method for unsteady-state heat source heat storage and exchange device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113551929B CN113551929B CN202110818483.6A CN202110818483A CN113551929B CN 113551929 B CN113551929 B CN 113551929B CN 202110818483 A CN202110818483 A CN 202110818483A CN 113551929 B CN113551929 B CN 113551929B
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- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008642 heat stress Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a testing system and a testing method for an unsteady-state heat source heat storage and exchange device, and belongs to the technical field of heat storage. The test system comprises a heat storage and heat exchanger test area, an unsteady-state heat source generation area and a detection control device. The rotary joints are connected to two ends of the heat storage heat exchanger, and the heat storage heat exchanger can rotate or jog at a constant speed under the driving of a motor; the heat exchanger bracket can rotate and be fixed in a vertical plane under the driving of a bracket rotating motor; the detection control device realizes the regulation of the temperature and the flow of the fluid at the inlet of the heat exchanger by controlling the opening of the valve and the rotating speed of the fluid variable frequency pump, and the change of the fluid meets the change requirements of specific temperature and flow; the distribution of the internal temperature field of the heat storage heat exchanger can be obtained through the internal temperature sensor of the heat storage heat exchanger. The test system can realize the reduction of the unsteady heat source of the heat storage heat exchanger in practical application, can provide test conditions of various heat exchanger arrangement angles, and has the characteristics of adjustable test conditions and wide test working condition coverage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat storage, and particularly relates to a system capable of testing the performance of a heat storage heat exchanger under the condition of an unsteady heat source.
Background
The heat storage technology is continuously broken through in academic research and commercial use in recent years, and the heat storage material can store heat in a concentrated manner, so that the heat storage material is particularly suitable for occasions when the supply and the demand of a heat source are not matched, such as the recycling of industrial waste heat and solar energy. The application of the heat storage technology is beneficial to improving the current energy structure of China and increasing the proportion of renewable energy sources, thereby changing to a clean and efficient energy utilization form.
The heat storage heat exchanger is used as a device for storing heat, and the overall performance of the heat storage heat exchanger is determined by indexes such as storage rate, heat release rate, energy storage density and the like of the heat storage heat exchanger. At present, most of tests on the performance of the heat storage heat exchanger are carried out on the basis of the condition that a heat source is constant, and most of heat sources existing in nature and industry have the characteristic of continuous or intermittent change along with time. Researchers at home and abroad have proved that when such unstable heat sources are adopted, the performance indexes of the heat storage heat exchanger are affected, so that the performance of the heat storage heat exchanger in a real use scene cannot be accurately reflected by indexes obtained based on a stable heat source test.
In addition, due to the heat exchange mechanism of convection, the heat storage material on the upper part of the heat storage heat exchanger can enter a heat storage state faster than the heat storage material on the lower part, and in the heat storage process, the heat storage material and the heat storage heat exchanger are both in a state of uneven temperature distribution. In the use process of the heat storage heat exchanger, the heat stress of the heat storage heat exchanger is uneven due to long-term uneven temperature, and the service life of the heat storage heat exchanger and the heat storage material is influenced. At present, the arrangement angle of the heat storage heat exchanger has a significant influence on the performance of the heat storage heat exchanger and the temperature uniformity of a heat storage material, and the arrangement angle becomes the research direction of the performance research field of the current heat storage heat exchanger.
In order to truly reflect the heat source environment of the heat storage heat exchanger in the actual use process and further expand the performance test conditions of the heat storage heat exchanger, improvement needs to be provided for the existing heat exchanger test system adopting a stable heat source and fixed test conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention designs a testing system and a method for an unsteady-state heat source heat storage and exchange device capable of providing an unsteady-state heat source and simultaneously satisfying various testing conditions, and the technical scheme is as follows:
on one hand, the invention provides a testing system of an unsteady heat source heat storage heat exchanger, which comprises a heat storage heat exchanger angle adjusting and rotating mechanism, an unsteady heat source generating mechanism and a detection control mechanism;
the heat storage heat exchanger angle adjusting and rotating mechanism comprises a rotating joint, a heat exchanger bracket, a bracket rotating motor, a bracket rotating shaft and a heat exchanger rotating motor; two sides of the heat exchanger support are respectively provided with a rotary joint, and two ends of the heat storage heat exchanger to be tested in the axial direction are respectively connected with one rotary joint, so that the heat storage heat exchanger is arranged on the heat exchanger support and can rotate around the axis of the heat storage heat exchanger; the heat exchanger rotating motor is used for controlling the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the rotating joint, and the support rotating motor can control the heat exchanger support to rotate around the support rotating shaft in a vertical plane; the rotary joints are also communicated with an internal flow passage of the heat storage heat exchanger, one rotary joint is connected with an inlet valve of the heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the other rotary joint is connected with an outlet valve of the heat exchanger through a pipeline;
the unsteady heat source generating mechanism comprises a high-temperature fluid pipeline and a low-temperature fluid pipeline; the high-temperature fluid pipeline and the low-temperature fluid pipeline are connected in parallel to form an unsteady heat source generating mechanism and then are connected between an inlet valve and an outlet valve of the heat exchanger;
the detection control mechanism comprises a temperature sensor system, a flow monitoring system and a control system; the temperature sensor system comprises a first temperature sensor arranged at each measuring point position in the heat storage heat exchanger, a second temperature sensor arranged on a high-temperature fluid pipeline and a low-temperature fluid pipeline, an inlet temperature sensor arranged at an inlet of the heat storage heat exchanger and an outlet temperature sensor arranged at an outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger;
the flow monitoring system comprises flow meters respectively arranged on the high-temperature fluid pipeline and the low-temperature fluid pipeline, and an inlet valve flow meter arranged at the inlet of the heat storage heat exchanger;
the control system is used for acquiring data of the temperature sensor system and the flow monitoring system, is connected with and controls the support rotating motor and the heat exchanger rotating motor, and also controls the temperature and the flow of the high-temperature fluid pipeline and the low-temperature fluid pipeline.
Preferably, the heat exchanger support is hinged to the support rotating shaft, and under the driving of the support rotating motor, the heat exchanger support can rotate around the support rotating shaft within a range of 0-90 degrees in a vertical plane and can be fixed at any angle.
More preferably, the heat exchanger support is a U-shaped support, the support rotating shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the heat storage heat exchanger, the support rotating shaft is horizontally arranged, the output end of the support rotating motor is connected with the heat exchanger support, and the heat exchanger support is pushed to rotate around the support rotating shaft.
Preferably, one of the rotary joints at two sides of the rotating shaft of the bracket is connected with a rotary motor of the heat exchanger, and the other rotary joint is driven; the installation axis of the rotary joint is coaxial with the axis of the heat storage heat exchanger; the heat storage heat exchanger can rotate or jog around the axis at a constant speed under the drive of the heat exchanger rotating motor, and the heat storage heat exchanger can be fixed at any rotating angle.
Preferably, a high-temperature constant-temperature tank, a high-temperature fluid variable-frequency pump and a high-temperature fluid valve are arranged on the high-temperature fluid pipeline, wherein the high-temperature constant-temperature tank is used for controlling the temperature of fluid in the high-temperature fluid pipeline; the high-temperature fluid variable-frequency pump and the high-temperature fluid valve are used for controlling the flow speed and the flow of the fluid;
the low-temperature fluid pipeline is provided with a low-temperature constant temperature tank, a low-temperature fluid variable frequency pump and a low-temperature fluid valve, wherein the low-temperature constant temperature tank is used for controlling the temperature of fluid in the low-temperature fluid pipeline; the cryogenic fluid variable frequency pump and the cryogenic fluid valve are used for controlling the flow rate and the flow of the fluid.
Preferably, the second temperature sensor is arranged in the high-temperature constant-temperature tank and the low-temperature constant-temperature tank, and the control system is respectively connected with the high-temperature fluid variable-frequency pump, the high-temperature fluid valve, the low-temperature fluid variable-frequency pump and the low-temperature fluid valve.
Preferably, the first temperature sensors are uniformly arranged along the axial direction and the radial direction of the heat storage heat exchanger and used for acquiring temperature values of various measuring points; and after the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor is collected by the data acquisition equipment, calculating the internal temperature field distribution of the heat storage heat exchanger by performing linear interpolation of the temperature between corresponding measuring point coordinates.
On the other hand, the invention provides a testing method of the unsteady-state heat source heat storage and exchange device of the system, which comprises the following steps:
1) installing a heat storage heat exchanger to be tested on adapter connectors at two ends of a heat exchanger bracket, wherein an internal flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger is communicated with the adapter connectors at the two ends;
the bracket rotating motor drives the heat exchanger bracket to rotate around the bracket rotating shaft until the heat storage heat exchanger is at a required test angle;
when the performance of the heat storage heat exchanger under rotation does not need to be tested, directly starting the step 2); when the performance of the heat storage heat exchanger under rotation needs to be tested, the heat exchanger rotating motor is turned on, so that the heat storage heat exchanger rotates around the axis at a constant speed or performs inching;
2) unsteady state heat source generation
Detecting and controlling system for obtaining high-temperature fluid flow M in real time1Flow rate M of cryogenic fluid2High temperature T of the fluid1Temperature T of cryogenic fluid2Calculating the theoretical temperature T of the mixed high-temperature fluid and low-temperature fluidmix＝(M1T1+M2T2)/(M1+M2) Mixed flow rate Mmix＝M1+M2；
The temperature T measured by the detection control system through comparing the inlet temperature sensor of the heat exchangerinDifference between actual demand temperature of unsteady heat source and theoretical temperature TmixThe calculation formula adjusts the opening degree of the high-temperature fluid valve and the low-temperature fluid valve and the rotating speed of the high-temperature fluid variable-frequency pump and the low-temperature fluid variable-frequency pump to ensure that the temperature T isinAdjusting to the actual demand temperature of the unsteady-state heat source;
3) when the heat exchange power and the heat storage quantity of the heat storage heat exchanger are measured, the detection control system obtains the temperature T measured by the heat exchanger inlet temperature sensorinTemperature T measured by temperature sensor at outlet of heat exchangeroutAnd the constant pressure specific heat C of the fluidpAt the present moment, the heat exchange power P of the heat storage and exchange device is equal toCp(M1+M2)(Tin-Tout) The unit W; heat storage capacity of heat storage heat exchanger
The unit J; the uniformity of the temperature in the heat storage heat exchanger is judged by calculating the standard deviation of the temperature of different measuring points measured by a first temperature sensor in the heat storage heat exchanger.
Preferably, when a phase change material is used as the heat storage material, the heat storage heat exchanger test can also perform measurement of melting time and liquid phase distribution;
when the melting time and the liquid phase distribution are measured, the temperature field distribution in the heat exchanger is calculated by performing linear interpolation of the measured temperature between the coordinates of the measuring points of the first temperature sensor corresponding to the interior of the heat storage heat exchanger. The temperature of the phase-change material is higher than the phase-change temperature and is a liquid phase region, and the temperature of the phase-change material is lower than the phase-change temperature and is a solid phase region, so that the temperature field distribution can be further converted into liquid phase distribution. The time that elapses for all phase change materials to be in the liquid phase is the melting time.
Preferably, in the step 2), a constant flow method can be adopted to control the temperature change of the unsteady heat source, specifically, when the temperature T measured by the heat exchanger inlet temperature sensorinWhen the actual required temperature of the unsteady heat source is lower, M is increased1And lowering M2And hold M1+M2Constant, make TinAdjusting to the actual demand temperature of the unsteady heat source when TinWhen the actual required temperature of the unsteady heat source is higher than the temperature, M is reduced1And increasing M2And hold M1+M2Constant, make TinAnd adjusting to the actual demand temperature of the unsteady heat source. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention realizes the reduction of the unsteady heat source of the heat storage heat exchanger in practical application, and avoids the defect that the authenticity of the heat storage heat exchanger cannot be accurately reflected under the condition of a stable heat source test. When the heat storage heat exchanger is actually applied, most of natural and industrial heat sources have the characteristic of continuous or intermittent change along with time, so that the performance of the heat storage heat exchanger tested under the condition of a stable heat source cannot reflect the real performance of the heat storage heat exchanger.
(2) The invention can meet different temperature and flow changes of the unsteady heat source. The detection control device realizes the regulation of the temperature of the fluid at the inlet of the heat storage heat exchanger by controlling the opening degree of the high-temperature fluid and low-temperature fluid pipeline valves. The mode of directly mixing the high-temperature fluid and the low-temperature fluid has more advantages in the aspect of improving the response speed of the temperature change of the fluid compared with the mode of adjusting the power of the thermostatic bath.
(3) The invention can provide test conditions of various heat storage heat exchanger arrangement angles, wherein the arrangement angles comprise the installation angle of the heat storage heat exchanger compared with the ground and the angle of the heat storage heat exchanger rotating around the shaft. The change of the arrangement angle is realized through the motor drive, and the operation can be simplified. The rotary joint can realize the sealing of the heat storage heat exchanger around the shaft and fluid in the rotating process. Compared with a test system with a single heat storage heat exchanger arrangement mode, the test system can avoid repeated building of test racks, save the field and time, and provide richer test conditions.
(4) The heat storage heat exchanger test system provided by the invention adopts a modular design, and the heat storage heat exchanger in the heat storage heat exchanger test area is connected with the test system through a flange. Therefore, the heat storage heat exchangers with different heat storage materials or different structures can be replaced quickly, and the compatibility is better.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a test system for an unsteady state heat source heat storage and exchange;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the flow and temperature sensor arrangement before mixing of the high temperature fluid and the low temperature fluid;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a temperature sensor arrangement for performance measurement of a heat storage heat exchanger;
the system comprises a heat storage heat exchanger 1, a rotary joint 2, a heat exchanger support 3, a heat exchanger outlet valve 4, a heat exchanger outlet valve 5, a high-temperature constant temperature tank 6, a high-temperature fluid variable frequency pump 7, a high-temperature fluid valve 8, a low-temperature constant temperature tank 9, a low-temperature fluid variable frequency pump 10, a low-temperature fluid valve 11, a support rotating motor 12, a heat exchanger inlet valve 13, a support rotating shaft 14, a heat exchanger rotating motor 15, a heat exchanger inlet temperature sensor 16, a heat exchanger outlet temperature sensor 17, data acquisition equipment 18, a high-temperature fluid flow meter 19, a high-temperature fluid temperature sensor 20, a low-temperature fluid flow meter 21, and a first temperature sensor 22 in the heat storage heat exchanger.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a specific example of a testing system for an unsteady-state heat source heat storage heat exchanger, where the system includes a heat storage heat exchanger angle adjustment and rotation mechanism, an unsteady-state heat source generation mechanism, and a detection control mechanism;
the heat storage heat exchanger angle adjusting and rotating mechanism comprises a rotating joint 2, a heat exchanger bracket 3, a bracket rotating motor 11, a bracket rotating shaft 13 and a heat exchanger rotating motor 14; two sides of the heat exchanger bracket 3 are respectively provided with a rotary joint 2, and two ends of the heat storage heat exchanger 1 to be tested in the axial direction are respectively connected with one rotary joint 2, so that the heat storage heat exchanger 1 is arranged on the heat exchanger bracket 3 and can rotate around the axis of the heat storage heat exchanger 1; the heat exchanger rotating motor 14 is used for controlling the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the rotating joint 2, and the bracket rotating motor 11 can control the heat exchanger bracket 3 to rotate around the bracket rotating shaft 13 in a vertical plane; the rotary joints 2 are also communicated with an internal flow passage of the heat storage heat exchanger 1, one rotary joint 2 is connected with an inlet valve 12 of the heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the other rotary joint 2 is connected with an outlet valve 4 of the heat exchanger through a pipeline;
the unsteady heat source generating mechanism comprises a high-temperature fluid pipeline and a low-temperature fluid pipeline; the high-temperature fluid pipeline and the low-temperature fluid pipeline are connected in parallel to form an unsteady-state heat source generating mechanism and then are connected between the inlet valve 12 and the outlet valve of the heat exchanger;
the detection control mechanism comprises a temperature sensor system, a flow monitoring system and a control system; the temperature sensor system comprises a first temperature sensor arranged at each measuring point position in the heat storage heat exchanger 1, a high-temperature fluid temperature sensor 19 arranged on a high-temperature fluid pipeline, a low-temperature fluid temperature sensor 21 arranged on a low-temperature fluid pipeline, an inlet temperature sensor 15 arranged at the inlet of the heat storage heat exchanger 1 and an outlet temperature sensor 16 arranged at the outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger 1;
the flow monitoring system comprises a high temperature fluid flow meter 18 arranged on the high temperature fluid pipeline, a low temperature fluid flow meter 20 arranged on the low temperature fluid pipeline, and an inlet valve flow meter arranged at the inlet of the heat storage heat exchanger;
the control system comprises a data acquisition device 17, the data acquisition device 17 is used for acquiring data of the temperature sensor system and the flow monitoring system, the control system is connected with and controls the support rotating motor and the heat exchanger rotating motor, and the control system also controls the temperature and the flow of the high-temperature fluid pipeline and the low-temperature fluid pipeline.
The heat exchanger support 3 in this embodiment is hinged to a support rotating shaft 13, and the heat exchanger support 3 can rotate around the support rotating shaft 13 within a range of 0-90 degrees in a vertical plane and be fixed at any angle under the drive of the support rotating motor 11. The rotatable design of heat exchanger support can make the heat-retaining heat exchanger can simulate actual installation angle, tests the performance under the actual installation angle to can study the influence of installation angle change to the heat exchanger performance, then can obtain the installation angle of the heat-retaining heat exchanger after the optimization, be applied to operating mode.
As shown in fig. 1, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchanger bracket 3 is a U-shaped bracket, the bracket rotating shaft 13 is hinged to the right side of the U-shaped bracket base, the bracket rotating shaft 13 is perpendicular to the axis of the heat storage heat exchanger 1, and the bracket rotating shaft 13 is horizontally arranged, in this embodiment, the bracket rotating motor 11 is a push rod motor, the output end of the push rod motor is hinged to the heat exchanger bracket 3, and the change of the length of the output end can push the heat exchanger bracket 3 to rotate around the bracket rotating shaft 13.
In the invention, one of the rotary joints at two sides of the rotating shaft of the bracket is connected with a rotary motor of the heat exchanger, and the other rotary joint is driven; the installation axis of the rotary joint is coaxial with the axis of the heat storage heat exchanger; the heat storage heat exchanger can rotate or jog around the axis at a constant speed under the drive of the heat exchanger rotating motor, and the heat storage heat exchanger can be fixed at any rotating angle. The rotary joint is a mature product in the prior art, can drive the heat storage heat exchanger to rotate on one hand, has good sealing performance with the heat storage heat exchanger on the other hand, can be connected with an external pipeline, and can convey fluid into the heat storage heat exchanger.
As shown in fig. 2, a high-temperature thermostatic bath, a high-temperature fluid variable-frequency pump, and a high-temperature fluid valve are disposed on the high-temperature fluid pipeline, wherein the high-temperature thermostatic bath is used for controlling the temperature of the fluid in the high-temperature fluid pipeline; the high-temperature fluid variable-frequency pump and the high-temperature fluid valve are used for controlling the flow speed and the flow of the fluid;
the low-temperature fluid pipeline is provided with a low-temperature constant temperature tank, a low-temperature fluid variable frequency pump and a low-temperature fluid valve, wherein the low-temperature constant temperature tank is used for controlling the temperature of fluid in the low-temperature fluid pipeline; the cryogenic fluid variable frequency pump and the cryogenic fluid valve are used for controlling the flow rate and the flow of the fluid.
In one embodiment of the invention, the second temperature sensors are arranged in the high-temperature constant-temperature tank and the low-temperature constant-temperature tank, and the control system is respectively connected with the high-temperature fluid variable-frequency pump, the high-temperature fluid valve, the low-temperature fluid variable-frequency pump and the low-temperature fluid valve.
As shown in fig. 3, the first temperature sensors 22 are uniformly arranged along the axial direction and the radial direction of the heat storage heat exchanger to obtain temperature values of various measuring points; and after the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor is collected by the data acquisition equipment, calculating the internal temperature field distribution of the heat storage heat exchanger by performing linear interpolation of the temperature between corresponding measuring point coordinates.
The invention further provides a testing method of the unsteady-state heat source heat storage and exchange device of the system, and the performance test of the heat storage and exchange device mainly comprises the measurement of heat exchange power and heat storage quantity and the judgment of temperature uniformity. The test method comprises the following steps:
1) installing a heat storage heat exchanger to be tested on adapter connectors at two ends of a heat exchanger bracket, wherein an internal flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger is communicated with the adapter connectors at the two ends;
the bracket rotating motor drives the heat exchanger bracket to rotate around the bracket rotating shaft until the heat storage heat exchanger is at a required test angle;
when the performance of the heat storage heat exchanger under rotation does not need to be tested, directly starting the step 2); when the performance of the heat storage heat exchanger under rotation needs to be tested, the heat exchanger rotating motor is turned on, so that the heat storage heat exchanger rotates around the axis at a constant speed or performs inching;
2) unsteady state heat source generation
Detecting and controlling system for obtaining high-temperature fluid flow M in real time1Flow rate M of cryogenic fluid2High temperature T of the fluid1Temperature T of cryogenic fluid2Calculating the theoretical temperature T of the mixed high-temperature fluid and low-temperature fluidmix＝(M1T1+M2T2)/(M1+M2) Mixed flow rate Mmix＝M1+M2；
The temperature T measured by the detection control system through comparing the inlet temperature sensor of the heat exchangerinDifference between actual demand temperature of unsteady heat source and theoretical temperature TmixThe calculation formula adjusts the opening degree of the high-temperature fluid valve and the low-temperature fluid valve and the rotating speed of the high-temperature fluid variable-frequency pump and the low-temperature fluid variable-frequency pump to ensure that the temperature T isinAdjusting to the actual demand temperature of the unsteady-state heat source;
3) when the heat exchange power and the heat storage quantity of the heat storage heat exchanger are measured, the detection control system obtains the temperature T measured by the heat exchanger inlet temperature sensorinTemperature T measured by temperature sensor at outlet of heat exchangeroutAnd the constant pressure specific heat C of the fluidpAt the present moment, the heat exchange power P of the heat storage heat exchanger is equal to Cp(M1+M2)(Tin-Tout) The unit W; heat storage capacity of heat storage heat exchanger
The unit J; the uniformity of the temperature in the heat storage heat exchanger is judged by calculating the standard deviation of the temperature of different measuring points measured by a first temperature sensor in the heat storage heat exchanger.
When the phase-change material is used as the heat storage material, the heat storage heat exchanger can also be tested for melting time and liquid phase distribution;
when the melting time and the liquid phase distribution are measured, the temperature field distribution in the heat exchanger is calculated by performing linear interpolation of the measured temperature between the coordinates of the measuring points of the first temperature sensor corresponding to the interior of the heat storage heat exchanger. The temperature of the phase-change material is higher than the phase-change temperature and is a liquid phase region, and the temperature of the phase-change material is lower than the phase-change temperature and is a solid phase region, so that the temperature field distribution can be further converted into liquid phase distribution. The time that elapses for all phase change materials to be in the liquid phase is the melting time.
In the step 2), a constant flow method can be adopted to control the temperature change of the unsteady-state heat source, specifically, when the temperature T measured by the heat exchanger inlet temperature sensorinWhen the actual required temperature of the unsteady heat source is lower, M is increased1And lowering M2And hold M1+M2Constant, make TinAdjusting to the actual demand temperature of the unsteady heat source when TinWhen the actual required temperature of the unsteady heat source is higher than the temperature, M is reduced1And increasing M2And hold M1+M2Constant, make TinAnd adjusting to the actual demand temperature of the unsteady heat source. In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A test system for an unsteady heat source heat storage heat exchanger is characterized by comprising a heat storage heat exchanger angle adjusting and rotating mechanism, an unsteady heat source generating mechanism and a detection control mechanism;
the heat storage heat exchanger angle adjusting and rotating mechanism comprises a rotating joint, a heat exchanger bracket, a bracket rotating motor, a bracket rotating shaft and a heat exchanger rotating motor; two sides of the heat exchanger support are respectively provided with a rotary joint, and two ends of the heat storage heat exchanger to be tested in the axial direction are respectively connected with one rotary joint, so that the heat storage heat exchanger is arranged on the heat exchanger support and can rotate around the axis of the heat storage heat exchanger; the heat exchanger rotating motor is used for controlling the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the rotating joint, and the support rotating motor can control the heat exchanger support to rotate around the support rotating shaft in a vertical plane; the rotary joints are also communicated with an internal flow passage of the heat storage heat exchanger, one rotary joint is connected with an inlet valve of the heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the other rotary joint is connected with an outlet valve of the heat exchanger through a pipeline;
the unsteady heat source generating mechanism comprises a high-temperature fluid pipeline and a low-temperature fluid pipeline; the high-temperature fluid pipeline and the low-temperature fluid pipeline are connected in parallel to form an unsteady heat source generating mechanism and then are connected between an inlet valve and an outlet valve of the heat exchanger;
the detection control mechanism comprises a temperature sensor system, a flow monitoring system and a control system; the temperature sensor system comprises a first temperature sensor arranged at each measuring point position in the heat storage heat exchanger, a second temperature sensor arranged on a high-temperature fluid pipeline and a low-temperature fluid pipeline, an inlet temperature sensor arranged at an inlet of the heat storage heat exchanger and an outlet temperature sensor arranged at an outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger;
the flow monitoring system comprises flow meters respectively arranged on the high-temperature fluid pipeline and the low-temperature fluid pipeline, and an inlet valve flow meter arranged at the inlet of the heat storage heat exchanger;
the control system is used for acquiring data of the temperature sensor system and the flow monitoring system, is connected with and controls the support rotating motor and the heat exchanger rotating motor, and also controls the temperature and the flow of the high-temperature fluid pipeline and the low-temperature fluid pipeline.
2. The test system of claim 1, wherein: the heat exchanger support is hinged with the support rotating shaft, and can rotate within the range of 0-90 degrees around the support rotating shaft in a vertical plane and be fixed at any angle under the driving of the support rotating motor.
3. The test system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat exchanger support is a U-shaped support, the support rotating shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the heat storage heat exchanger, the support rotating shaft is horizontally arranged, and the output end of the support rotating motor is connected with the heat exchanger support to push the heat exchanger support to rotate around the support rotating shaft.
4. The test system of claim 1, wherein: one of the rotary joints at the two sides of the rotating shaft of the bracket is connected with a rotating motor of the heat exchanger, and the other rotary joint is driven; the installation axis of the rotary joint is coaxial with the axis of the heat storage heat exchanger; the heat storage heat exchanger can rotate or jog around the axis of the heat exchanger at a constant speed under the drive of the heat exchanger rotating motor, and the heat storage heat exchanger can be fixed at any rotating angle.
5. The test system of claim 1, wherein: the high-temperature fluid pipeline is provided with a high-temperature thermostatic bath, a high-temperature fluid variable frequency pump and a high-temperature fluid valve, wherein the high-temperature thermostatic bath is used for controlling the temperature of fluid in the high-temperature fluid pipeline; the high-temperature fluid variable-frequency pump and the high-temperature fluid valve are used for controlling the flow speed and the flow of the fluid;
the low-temperature fluid pipeline is provided with a low-temperature constant temperature tank, a low-temperature fluid variable frequency pump and a low-temperature fluid valve, wherein the low-temperature constant temperature tank is used for controlling the temperature of fluid in the low-temperature fluid pipeline; the cryogenic fluid variable frequency pump and the cryogenic fluid valve are used for controlling the flow rate and the flow of the fluid.
6. The test system of claim 5, wherein: the second temperature sensor is arranged in the high-temperature constant-temperature tank and the low-temperature constant-temperature tank, and the control system is respectively connected with the high-temperature fluid variable-frequency pump, the high-temperature fluid valve, the low-temperature fluid variable-frequency pump and the low-temperature fluid valve.
7. The test system of claim 1, wherein the first temperature sensors are uniformly arranged along the axial direction and the radial direction of the heat storage heat exchanger to obtain temperature values of the test points; and after the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor is collected by the control system, the temperature field distribution in the heat storage heat exchanger is calculated by performing linear interpolation of the temperature between corresponding measuring point coordinates.
8. A testing method of an unsteady state heat source heat storage exchanger based on the testing system of the unsteady state heat source heat storage exchanger as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) installing a heat storage heat exchanger to be tested on adapter connectors at two ends of a heat exchanger bracket, wherein an internal flow channel of the heat storage heat exchanger is communicated with the adapter connectors at the two ends;
the bracket rotating motor drives the heat exchanger bracket to rotate around the bracket rotating shaft until the heat storage heat exchanger is at a required test angle;
when the performance of the heat storage heat exchanger under rotation does not need to be tested, directly starting the step 2); when the performance of the heat storage heat exchanger under rotation needs to be tested, the heat exchanger rotating motor is turned on, so that the heat storage heat exchanger rotates around the axis at a constant speed or performs inching;
2) unsteady state heat source generation
Detecting and controlling system for obtaining high-temperature fluid flow M in real time1Flow rate M of cryogenic fluid2High temperature T of the fluid1Temperature T of cryogenic fluid2Calculating the theoretical temperature T of the mixed high-temperature fluid and low-temperature fluidmix＝(M1T1+M2T2)/(M1+M2) Mixed flow rate Mmix＝M1+M2；
The temperature T measured by the detection control system through comparing the inlet temperature sensor of the heat exchangerinDifference between actual demand temperature of unsteady heat source and theoretical temperature TmixThe calculation formula adjusts the opening degree of the high-temperature fluid valve and the low-temperature fluid valve and the rotating speed of the high-temperature fluid variable-frequency pump and the low-temperature fluid variable-frequency pump to ensure that the temperature T isinAdjusting to the actual demand temperature of the unsteady-state heat source;
3) when measuring the heat exchange power and the heat storage quantity of the heat storage heat exchanger, the detection control system obtainsTaking the temperature T measured by the inlet temperature sensor of the heat exchangerinTemperature T measured by temperature sensor at outlet of heat exchangeroutAnd the constant pressure specific heat C of the fluidpAt the present moment, the heat exchange power P of the heat storage heat exchanger is equal to Cp(M1+M2)(Tin-Tout) The unit W; heat storage capacity of heat storage heat exchanger
The unit J; the uniformity of the temperature in the heat storage heat exchanger is judged by calculating the standard deviation of the temperature of different measuring points measured by a first temperature sensor in the heat storage heat exchanger.
9. The test method of claim 8, wherein when using a phase change material as the heat storage material, the heat storage heat exchanger test also takes measurements of the melting time and liquid phase distribution;
when the melting time and the liquid phase distribution are measured, linear interpolation of the measured temperature is carried out between the coordinates of the measuring points of the first temperature sensor corresponding to the interior of the heat storage heat exchanger, and the temperature field distribution in the heat exchanger is calculated; the temperature of the phase-change material is higher than the phase-change temperature and is a liquid phase region, and the temperature of the phase-change material is lower than the phase-change temperature and is a solid phase region, so that the temperature field distribution is further converted into liquid phase distribution; the time that elapses for all phase change materials to be in the liquid phase is the melting time.
10. The test method as claimed in claim 9, wherein in the step 2), the temperature variation of the unsteady-state heat source is controlled by a constant flow method, in particular, when the temperature T measured by the heat exchanger inlet temperature sensorinWhen the actual required temperature of the unsteady heat source is lower, M is increased1And lowering M2And hold M1+M2Constant, make TinAdjusting to the actual demand temperature of the unsteady heat source when TinWhen the actual required temperature of the unsteady heat source is higher than the temperature, M is reduced1And increasing M2And hold M1+M2Constant, make TinAdjust to unsteady stateThe actual required temperature of the heat source.
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