CN113551648B - Real-time automatic measurement device and measurement method for inclination direction of dangerous rock body - Google Patents
Real-time automatic measurement device and measurement method for inclination direction of dangerous rock body Download PDFInfo
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- CN113551648B CN113551648B CN202110941694.9A CN202110941694A CN113551648B CN 113551648 B CN113551648 B CN 113551648B CN 202110941694 A CN202110941694 A CN 202110941694A CN 113551648 B CN113551648 B CN 113551648B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 35
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/02—Details
- G01C9/06—Electric or photoelectric indication or reading means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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Abstract
The invention relates to a real-time automatic measurement device for the inclination direction of a dangerous rock body and a measurement method thereof, wherein the real-time automatic measurement device comprises a device shell fixed on the dangerous rock body through an external supporting rod, a control unit and a mounting shaft are arranged in the device shell, and the mounting shaft is fixedly connected with a mounting tray; the outer edge of the mounting tray is provided with an annular mounting groove, the annular mounting groove is internally provided with a first resistor, and an opening is formed in the first resistor; the rotating shaft piece is fixedly connected with the mounting shaft, the rotating shaft piece is rotationally connected with the supporting rod, a rolling ring for reducing friction force is arranged between the supporting rod and the mounting tray, a mounting groove is formed in the supporting rod, a connecting wire is arranged in the mounting groove, and one end of the connecting wire is electrically connected with the conductive connector; the conductive connector is connected with the first resistor in a sliding way; the other end of the connecting wire is electrically connected with a first power supply in the power supplies through the wire. The invention has simple and convenient installation and simple structure, and can stably measure the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of measurement of inclination directions, in particular to a real-time automatic measurement device and a measurement method for the inclination directions of dangerous rock bodies.
Background
Dangerous rock mass refers to rock mass which has main geological conditions for collapse although some rock mass does not collapse, and some rock mass has a pre-collapse phenomenon, so that the rock mass is predicted to be likely to collapse in the near future. Dangerous rock mass is a potentially collapsed body. China is a country with complex mountain landform, and dangerous rock body collapse is a common geological disaster in mountain areas; dangerous rock body caving has the characteristics of extremely strong burst, large destructive power and the like, and seriously threatens normal production and life of traffic major roads and mountain residents; in China, a great deal of casualties and great economic losses are caused by dangerous rock body caving each year.
In the process of preventing and controlling dangerous rock, the time and the caving direction of the unstable caving of the dangerous rock are basically impossible to accurately predict. In the process of developing and damaging the dangerous rock mass, the change of interaction force among different rock blocks can cause the change of the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass, so the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass is not constant, and the real-time and accurate judgment of the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass is very difficult; the collapse direction of most dangerous rock bodies is consistent with the inclination direction of the dangerous rock bodies, so that the inclination direction of the dangerous rock bodies is measured in real time, reference data can be provided for the development and change process and trend of the dangerous rock bodies, the possible collapse direction of the dangerous rock bodies can be judged in real time and accurately, and the real-time automatic measuring device for the inclination direction of the dangerous rock bodies is lacking at present, and has important practical significance for timely making disaster prevention and evacuation plans and ensuring life and property safety of people.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a real-time automatic measurement device for the inclination direction of a dangerous rock body, which solves the problems of real-time, automatic and accurate measurement of the inclination direction of the dangerous rock body.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the real-time automatic measurement device for the inclination direction of the dangerous rock body comprises a device shell, wherein the device shell is fixed on the dangerous rock body through an external supporting rod, a control unit and a mounting shaft are arranged in the device shell, and the mounting shaft is fixedly connected with a mounting tray; the outer edge of the mounting tray is provided with an annular mounting groove, the annular mounting groove is internally provided with a first resistor, and an opening is formed in the first resistor;
the rotating shaft piece is fixedly connected with the mounting shaft, the rotating shaft piece is rotationally connected with the supporting rod, a rolling ring for reducing friction force is arranged between the supporting rod and the mounting tray, a mounting groove is formed in the supporting rod, a connecting wire is arranged in the mounting groove, and one end of the connecting wire is electrically connected with the conductive connector; the conductive connector is connected with the first resistor in a sliding way; the other end of the connecting wire is electrically connected with a first power supply in the power supplies through the wire; a first power supply in the power supply is electrically connected with the first ammeter and one end face of the first resistor opening in sequence through a lead.
The invention has simple installation and simple structure, when the dangerous rock body tilts, the supporting rod can deflect to the tilting direction of the dangerous rock body along with the tilting of the installation tray, and the length of the access resistor is changed to change the size of the resistor, so that the current is changed, and the tilting direction of the dangerous rock body at different moments is measured.
Further, an insulating paint layer is sprayed on one end of the first resistor, which is electrically connected with the lead, at the opening.
And the sprayed insulating paint layer effectively prevents short circuit of a circuit and stably acquires measurement data.
Further, a second power supply in the power supply is electrically connected with a second ammeter and a second resistor in sequence through wires, and the second resistor is made of the same material as the first resistor.
The second resistor and the first resistor are made of the same material, and have the same resistivity at the same time, so that measurement errors caused by resistivity changes due to environmental temperature changes are eliminated.
Further, a first protection resistor is arranged on a wire between a first power supply and a connecting wire in the power supply, and a third power supply in the power supply is electrically connected with a third ammeter and a second protection resistor in sequence through the wire. The first protection resistor and the second protection resistor are made of the same material.
The first protection resistor and the second protection resistor are made of the same material, and have the same resistivity at the same time, and the first protection resistor and the second protection resistor are used for eliminating measurement errors caused by resistivity changes caused by environmental temperature changes.
Further, a circular guide rail is arranged below the mounting tray and is fixed on the mounting shaft through a connecting rod, spherical magnets capable of freely rolling along with deflection of the mounting tray are contained in the circular guide rail, an iron block for positioning the initial position of the spherical magnets is arranged at the bottom of the circular guide rail, and the iron block can slide along the bottom of the circular guide rail.
The spherical magnet makes the device measurement more sensitive.
Further, a supporting seat for fixing the installation shaft is arranged at the bottom in the device shell, a counterweight body for increasing the sliding force is arranged on the surface of the tail end of the supporting rod, and an iron sheet matched with the spherical magnet is arranged on the bottom surface of the tail end of the supporting rod.
The supporting seat is used for fixing, supporting and connecting the installation shaft, the counterweight body is used for increasing the sliding force of the supporting rod which is adjusted along with the deflection of the installation tray, so that the whole device can be more sensitive, small change of the inclination direction of the dangerous rock body is sensed, and the iron sheet is used for being matched with the spherical magnet to drive the supporting rod to deflect more sensitively.
Further, the control unit comprises a control module and a communication module, and a power supply module for providing power for the control module and the communication module.
The control module controls the power supply module and the communication module switch, can issue an adjustment instruction of the data acquisition frequency and the data transmission frequency, and turns on the power supply module and the communication module switch according to the instruction, the data acquisition frequency and the data transmission frequency can be different, the control module can receive measurement data of the first ammeter, the change of the size of the resistor is caused by the change of the length of the accessed first resistor, and the change of the current size of the first ammeter is caused, namely, the current value at a certain moment corresponds to the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass, so that the inclination directions of the dangerous rock mass at different moments are measured; the control module is provided with a storage device which can store the monitoring data, the power supply module is used for providing a power supply, the communication module is used for transmitting the inclination direction data obtained by the control module to the remote upper computer, and the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass can be measured automatically and stably in real time under the complex condition of temperature change.
On the other hand, the scheme also provides a measurement method of the real-time automatic measurement device for the inclination direction of the dangerous rock body, which specifically comprises the following steps:
when the inclination direction of the dangerous rock body is X degrees, reading a first ammeter reading I;
then:
I＝U/[ρ·(X/360)·L/S]；
when I is not equal to 0, calculating the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass as follows:
X＝360US/(IρL)；
wherein U is the voltage of a first power supply in the power supply, ρ is the resistivity of the first resistor, L is the total length of the first resistor, and S is the cross-sectional area of the first resistor.
Further, when the inclination direction of the dangerous rock body is X DEG, reading I of the first ammeter 1 Reading I of the second ammeter 2 ；
Then:
I 1 ＝U/[ρ·(X/360)·L 1 /S 1 ]；
I 2 ＝U/(ρ·L 2 /S 2 )；
wherein L is 1 Is the total length of the first resistor S 1 Is the cross-sectional area of the first resistor L 2 For the length of the second resistor S 2 Is the cross-sectional area of the second resistor; u is the voltage of a first power supply and a second power supply in the power supplies, rho is the resistivity of the first resistor and the second resistor when the inclination direction of the dangerous rock body is X degrees;
when I 1 Not equal to 0, according to the reading I of the first ammeter 1 Reading I of the second ammeter 2 The inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass is calculated as follows:
X＝360[(S 1 /S 2 )(I 2 /I 1 )(L 2 /L 1 )]；
when the length and cross-sectional area of the first resistor and the second resistor are equal, namely: l (L) 1 ＝L 2 ，S 1 ＝S 2 The inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass is calculated as follows:
X＝360·(I 2 /I 1 )。
further, when the inclination direction of the dangerous rock body is X DEG, reading I of the first ammeter 1 Reading I of the second ammeter 2 Reading I of the third ammeter 3 Then:
I 1 ＝U/{[ρ 1 ·(X/360)·L 1 /S 1 ]+ρ 2 ·L 2 /S 2 }；
I 2 ＝U/(ρ 1 ·L 3 /S 3 )；
I 3 ＝U/(ρ 2 ·L 4 /S 4 )；
wherein L is 1 Is the total length of the first resistor S 1 Is the cross-sectional area of the first resistor; l (L) 2 Is the length of the first protection resistor S 2 Is the cross-sectional area of the first protection resistor; l (L) 3 Is the total length of the second resistor S 3 Is the cross-sectional area of the second resistor; l (L) 4 For the length of the second protection resistor S 4 Is the cross-sectional area of the second protection resistor; u is the voltage of a first power supply, a second power supply and a third power supply in the power supplies, ρ 1 Resistivity ρ of the first and second resistors 2 The resistivity of the first protection resistor and the second protection resistor.
When I is not equal to 0, the inclination direction of the dangerous rock body is as follows:
X＝360[(S 1 /S 3 )(I 2 /I 1 )(L 3 /L 1 )-(S 1 /S 3 )(S 4 /S 2 )(I 2 /I 3 )(L 3 /L 1 )(L 2 /L 4 )]；
when the total length and the cross-sectional area of the first resistor and the second resistor are equal, the length and the cross-sectional area of the first protection resistor and the second protection resistor are equal, namely: l (L) 1 ＝L 3 ，S 1 ＝S 3 ，L 2 ＝L 4 ，S 2 ＝S 4 And (3) calculating to obtain:
X＝360·[(I 2 /I 1 )-(I 2 /I 3 )]。
the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention has simple structure and convenient installation, effectively prevents the short circuit caused by the circuit, and can automatically, safely and stably accurately measure the change of the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass in real time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a real-time automatic measurement device for the inclination direction of a dangerous rock body.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a real-time automatic measurement device installation tray for the inclination direction of a dangerous rock body.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit wiring method of a real-time automatic measurement device for the inclination direction of a dangerous rock body.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit wiring method of a real-time automatic measurement device for the inclination direction of a dangerous rock body.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit wiring method of a real-time automatic measurement device for the inclination direction of a dangerous rock body.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a real-time automatic measurement device for the inclination direction of a dangerous rock body.
1, a device housing; 2. an outer support bar; 3. a support base; 4. a mounting shaft; 5. a mounting tray; 6. a rotation shaft member; 7. a first resistor; 8. connecting wires; 9. a power supply module; 10. a control module; 11. a communication module; 12. a support rod; 13. a counterweight body; 14. a conductive contact; 15. a rolling ring; 16. a first ammeter; 17. an insulating paint layer; 18. a power supply; 19. a first protection resistor; 20. a second protection resistor; 21. a second ammeter; 22. a second resistor; 23. a third ammeter; 24. a spherical magnet; 25. iron blocks; 26. a connecting rod; 27. a circular guide rail; 28. iron sheet.
Detailed Description
The detailed description of the present invention is described in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the detailed description, and it is apparent to those skilled in the art that all the inventions which make use of the inventive concept are protected as long as the various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined by the appended claims.
According to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, a real-time automatic measurement device for the inclination direction of a dangerous rock body according to the present solution includes:
the device comprises a device housing 1, wherein the device housing 1 internally comprises a mounting shaft 4, a mounting tray 5, a supporting seat 3 and a control unit.
The installation shaft 4 is fixedly connected with the installation tray 5, and the supporting seat 3 is used for fixedly connecting the installation shaft 4. The surface of the installation tray 5 is circular, conical or annular, and when the device is initially installed, the installation tray 5 is in a horizontal state or the rotation axis of the installation tray 5 is in a vertical state.
When the dangerous rock body is inclined, the mounting shaft 4 and the mounting tray 5 incline along with the inclination of the dangerous rock body, and the support rod 12 is driven to rotate to the inclination direction of the dangerous rock body.
The annular mounting groove is formed in the outer edge of the mounting tray 5, the first resistor 7 is arranged in the annular mounting groove, the first resistor 7 is of an annular structure, an opening is formed in the first resistor 7, the end face of one end of the opening of the first resistor 7 is electrically connected with a wire, an insulating paint layer 17 is sprayed on one end of the opening of the first resistor 7, which is electrically connected with the wire, and two ends of the opening are connected in a near seamless mode.
The length of the insulating paint layer 17 is 1 mm-10 mm, the length of the insulating paint layer 17 is optimized according to the manufacturing process level and the testing range, the insulating paint layer 17 does not influence the smoothness of the surface of the first resistor 7, the sliding of the conductive connector 14 on the surface of the first resistor 7 is not influenced, the insulating paint layer 17 can avoid short circuit at the opening of the first resistor 7, the end faces of the opening of the first resistor 7 are in near seamless connection, the opening of the first resistor 7 and two sides form a smooth surface, the conductive connector 14 can also slide smoothly at the opening of the first resistor 7, the measuring stability and accuracy of the device are improved, and the first resistor 7 is annular and can be matched with a mounting groove.
The insulating paint layer 17 is made of alkyd paint, epoxy paint or organic silicon paint.
In order to make the resistivity of the first resistor 7 approximate to a constant value, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the device, on one hand, the first resistor 7 is made of a material insensitive to temperature change, and on the other hand, the device should be installed in an environment with little temperature change as much as possible.
The rotating shaft piece 6 is fixedly connected with the mounting shaft 4, the rotating shaft piece 6 is rotatably connected with the supporting rod 12, a rolling ring 15 is arranged between the supporting rod 12 and the mounting tray 5, and a counterweight body 13 is arranged on the tail end surface of the supporting rod 12.
When the device is initially installed, the center of the opening of the first resistor 7 and the supporting rod 12 are right opposite to the north direction.
When the dangerous rock body tilts, the mounting tray 5 tilts along with the dangerous rock body, the supporting rod 12 can be automatically adjusted to the tilting direction of the dangerous rock body under the gravity action of the counterweight body 13, the rolling ring 15 plays a main role in reducing the friction force between the supporting rod 12 and the mounting tray 5, and the counterweight body 13 plays a main role in increasing the sliding force of the supporting rod 12 adjusted along with the deflection of the mounting tray 5, so that the whole device can be more sensitive and sense the tiny tilting direction change of the dangerous rock body.
The supporting rod 12 is provided with the connecting wire 8, the connecting wire 8 is connected with the conductive connector 14, the conductive connector 14 is in sliding connection with the first resistor 7, the other end of the connecting wire 8 is electrically connected with the power supply 18, and the power supply 18 is electrically connected with the first ammeter 16 and one end face of the first resistor 7, which is provided with the insulating paint layer 17 at the opening in sequence.
When the dangerous rock body tilts, the mounting tray 5 tilts along with the dangerous rock body, the supporting rod 12 deflects to the tilting direction of the dangerous rock body under the action of the gravity of the counterweight body 13, and the connecting lead 8 and the conductive connector 14 change the resistance by changing the length of the connecting lead through being connected with the first resistor 7, so that the reading of the first ammeter 16 changes, and the tilting direction of the dangerous rock body at different moments is measured.
The control module 10 controls the switches of the power supply module 9 and the communication module 11, can give an adjustment instruction of the data acquisition frequency and the data transmission frequency, and switch on the switches of the power supply module 9 and the communication module 11 according to the instruction, the data acquisition frequency and the data transmission frequency can be different, the control module 10 can receive the measurement data of the first ammeter 16, the length change of the first resistor 7 is accessed to change the size of the first resistor 7, so that the current of the first ammeter 16 is changed, namely, the current value at a certain moment corresponds to the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass, so that the inclination directions of the dangerous rock mass at different moments are measured, and the control module 10 is internally provided with a storage device for storing the monitoring data; the power supply module 9 is used for providing power, the communication module 11 is used for transmitting the inclination direction data obtained by the control module 10 to a remote upper computer, the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass can be measured stably in the environment with small temperature change, and when the first resistor 7 is made of materials with small resistivity to the temperature change, the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass can be measured automatically, accurately and stably in real time when the environment temperature changes.
The power supply module 9 may house a power supply 18 inside.
The control module 10 can be an S7-200 SMART PLC control module, a 51 single chip microcomputer control module and the like.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:
in the present invention, the opening direction of the first resistor 7 is aligned in the north direction (0 ° or 360 ° direction) by rotating the mounting shaft 4 or the mounting tray 5 or the device case 1, and the parking position of the support rod 12 is adjusted to the vicinity of the end of the insulating varnish layer 17 near the opening of the first resistor 7, at which time the connection of the conductive contacts 14 to the first resistor 7 is disconnected.
When the dangerous rock body tilts, the mounting tray 5 tilts along with the dangerous rock body, the supporting rod 12 deflects to the tilting direction of the dangerous rock body under the action of the gravity of the counterweight body 13, so that the length of the first resistor 7 connected with the conductive connector 14 changes, and the tilting direction of the dangerous rock body can be obtained according to the reading of the first ammeter 16.
The invention has simple installation and simple structure, and the insulating paint layer 17 is arranged to effectively prevent short circuit, when the dangerous rock body tilts, the support rod 12 can deflect to the tilting direction of the dangerous rock body, so that the length of the connected first resistor 7 changes to change the resistance, thereby changing the current of the first ammeter 16, and further measuring the tilting direction of the dangerous rock body at different moments.
According to the second embodiment of the present application, the present embodiment includes all the aspects of the first embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, a second power supply of the power supply 18 is electrically connected to a second ammeter 21 and a second resistor 22 in sequence through wires.
The first resistor 7 and the second resistor 22 are made of the same material and have the same resistivity at the same time along with the change of the ambient temperature.
The power supply voltages of the first resistor 7 and the second resistor 22 are the same.
The working principles of the present embodiment include all working principles of the first embodiment, and the same parts thereof are not repeated, and the following are different working principles based on the first embodiment, specifically including:
when the ambient temperature changes, the resistivity of the first resistor 7 will change, and the measurement result of the first embodiment will generate certain calculation and measurement errors along with the change of the resistivity of the first resistor 7, in the second embodiment, the second ammeter 21 and the second resistor 22 are added, and the resistivity of the second resistor 22 can be calculated in real time according to the reading of the second ammeter 21, and since the materials of the first resistor 7 and the second resistor 22 are the same, that is, the resistivity of the first resistor 7 can be calculated in real time according to the reading of the second ammeter 21, thereby effectively avoiding calculation and measurement errors caused by the change of the resistivity of the first resistor 7 when the ambient temperature changes.
The invention has simple installation and simple structure, can effectively avoid calculation and measurement errors caused by the change of the resistivity of the first resistor 7 when the ambient temperature changes, simultaneously effectively prevent the short circuit caused by a circuit, and can accurately measure the direction change of the dangerous rock mass in real time, automatically, safely and stably.
According to the third embodiment of the present application, including all the technical solutions of the second embodiment, but excluding the insulating varnish layer 17 provided in the second embodiment, the solution specifically includes:
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 5, a third power supply in the power supply 18 is electrically connected to the third ammeter 23 and the second protection resistor 20 in sequence through a wire, and a first protection resistor 19 is provided on a connection wire electrically connected to the first power supply of the power supply 18 by the connection wire 8.
The first protection resistor 19 and the second protection resistor 20 are made of the same material and have the same resistivity at the same time along with the change of the ambient temperature.
The second resistor 22 and the second protection resistor 20 are used for obtaining the resistivity of the first resistor 7 or the first protection resistor 19 at any moment under the condition of temperature change in real time.
The second resistor 22 and the second protection resistor 20 are mainly used for obtaining the resistivity of the first resistor 7 and the resistivity of the first protection resistor 19 when the ambient temperature changes in real time. Thereby avoiding the measurement error caused by the change of the resistivity of the first resistor 7 and the first protection resistor 19 due to the change of the ambient temperature and realizing the accurate measurement of the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass.
The working principles of the present embodiment include all working principles of the second embodiment, and the same parts thereof are not repeated, and the following are different working principles based on the second embodiment, specifically including:
when the dangerous rock body is inclined, the supporting rod 12 can deflect to the inclined direction of the dangerous rock body, the first resistor 7 is connected with the length change to change the size of the first resistor 7, so that the current of the first ammeter 16 is changed, the second resistor 22 and the second protection resistor 20 are arranged to calculate the resistivity of the first resistor 7 and the first protection resistor 19 in real time when the ambient temperature is changed, and therefore the inclined direction of the dangerous rock body at different moments can be accurately measured under the condition that the resistivity of the resistor is changed when the ambient temperature is changed.
According to the fourth embodiment of the present application, this embodiment includes all the aspects of the first, second and third embodiments. As shown in fig. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, a circular guide rail 27 is fixed under the mounting tray 5 by being connected with a connecting rod 26, the circular guide rail 27 accommodates a spherical magnet 24, and an iron block 25 is provided at the bottom or side of the circular guide rail 27. The spherical magnet 24 can freely roll in the circular guide 27, and the iron block 25 can slide along the bottom or side of the circular guide 27.
The working principles of the present embodiment include all the working principles of the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment, and the same parts thereof are not repeated, and the following are different working principles based on the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment, and specifically include:
when the device is inclined, the spherical magnet 24 can move to the lowest position in the circular guide rail 27 and drives the outer support rod 12 on the installation tray 5 to deflect, the iron sheet 28 is arranged on the bottom surface of the tail end of the support rod 12 and used for being matched with the spherical magnet 24 to drive the support rod 12 to deflect, and when the device is initially installed, the installation tray 5 is in a horizontal state, and the spherical magnet 24 is attracted to the north direction through the sliding iron block 25. The iron block 25 has limited attraction to the spherical magnet 24, when the device is inclined, the spherical magnet 24 rolls under the action of self gravity to drive the support rod 12 to deflect more sensitively, so that higher-precision measurement is realized.
The power supply 18 includes a first power supply, a second power supply, and a third power supply; the first power supply, the second power supply and the third power supply all comprise independent positive and negative electrodes.
The first power source, the second power source and the third power source in the first to fourth embodiments are all sub-power sources in the power source 18, and the first power source, the second power source and the third power source are independent in function and comprise independent positive and negative poles.
According to a fifth embodiment of the present application, a measurement method of a real-time automation measurement device for a dangerous rock inclination direction according to the present solution includes the following steps:
when the inclination direction of the dangerous rock body is X degrees, reading a first ammeter reading I;
then:
I＝U/[ρ·(X/360)·L/S]；
when I is not equal to 0, calculating the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass as follows:
X＝360US/(IρL)；
where U is the voltage of the first power supply in the power supply 18, ρ is the resistivity of the first resistor 7, L is the total length of the first resistor 7, and S is the cross-sectional area of the first resistor 7.
According to a sixth embodiment of the present application, it includes:
when the inclination direction of the dangerous rock body is X DEG, the reading I of the first ammeter 16 is read 1 Reading I of the second ammeter 21 2 ；
Then:
I 1 ＝U/[ρ·(X/360)·L 1 /S 1 ]；
I 2 ＝U/(ρ·L 2 /S 2 )；
wherein L is 1 For the total length of the first resistor 7, S 1 Is the cross-sectional area of the first resistor 7, L 2 For the length of the second resistor 22, S 2 Is the cross-sectional area of the second resistor 22; u is the voltage of the first and second power supplies in the power supply 18, ρ is the first resistor 7 and the second resistorThe resistivity of the two resistors 22 when the inclination direction of the dangerous rock body is X degrees;
when I 1 Not equal to 0, according to the reading I of the first ammeter 16 1 Reading I of the second ammeter 21 2 The inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass is calculated as follows:
X＝360[(S 1 /S 2 )(I 2 /I 1 )(L 2 /L 1 )]；
when the lengths and cross-sectional areas of the first resistor 7 and the second resistor 22 are equal, namely: l (L) 1 ＝L 2 ，S 1 ＝S 2 The inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass is calculated as follows:
X＝360·(I 2 /I 1 )；
according to embodiment seven of the present application, it comprises:
when the inclination direction of the dangerous rock body is X DEG, the reading I of the first ammeter 16 at a certain moment is read 1 Reading I of the second ammeter 21 2 Reading I of the third ammeter 23 3 Then:
I 1 ＝U/{[ρ 1 ·(X/360)·L 1 /S 1 ]+ρ 2 ·L 2 /S 2 }；
I 2 ＝U/(ρ 1 ·L 3 /S 3 )；
I 3 ＝U/(ρ 2 ·L 4 /S 4 )；
wherein L is 1 For the total length of the first resistor 7, S 1 Is the cross-sectional area of the first resistor 7; l (L) 2 For the length of the first protection resistor 19, S 2 Is the cross-sectional area of the first protection resistor 19; l (L) 3 For the total length of the second resistor 22S 3 Is the cross-sectional area of the second resistor 22; l (L) 4 For the length of the second protection resistor 20, S 4 Is the cross-sectional area of the second protection resistor 20; u is the voltage of the first, second and third power sources in the power source 18, ρ 1 For the resistivity of the first resistor 7 and the second resistor 22 ρ 2 Is the resistivity of the first protection resistor 19 and the second protection resistor 20.
When I 1 When not equal to 0, the dangerous rock body is inclinedThe oblique direction is:
X＝360[(S 1 /S 3 )(I 2 /I 1 )(L 3 /L 1 )-(S 1 /S 3 )(S 4 /S 2 )(I 2 /I 3 )(L 3 /L 1 )(L 2 /L 4 )]；
when the total length and the cross-sectional area of the first resistor 7 and the second resistor 22 are equal, the length and the cross-sectional area of the first protection resistor 19 and the second protection resistor 20 are equal, that is: l (L) 1 ＝L 3 ，S 1 ＝S 3 ，L 2 ＝L 4 ，S 2 ＝S 4 And (3) calculating to obtain:
X＝360·[(I 2 /I 1 )-(I 2 /I 3 )]；
the invention has simple structure and convenient installation, can effectively avoid calculation and measurement errors caused by the change of the resistivity of the first resistor 7 and the first protection resistor 19 when the ambient temperature changes, effectively prevent a circuit from causing short circuit, greatly reduce the errors caused by the change of the resistivity caused by the change of the ambient temperature, and can automatically, safely and stably accurately measure the direction change when the dangerous rock body is inclined in real time.
Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present patent. Various modifications and variations which may be made by those skilled in the art without the creative effort are within the scope of the patent described in the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The real-time automatic measurement device for the inclination direction of the dangerous rock body is characterized by comprising a device shell (1) fixed on the dangerous rock body through an external supporting rod (2), wherein a control unit and a mounting shaft (4) are arranged in the device shell (1), and the mounting shaft (4) is fixedly connected with a mounting tray (5); an annular mounting groove is formed in the outer edge of the mounting tray (5), a first resistor (7) is arranged in the annular mounting groove, and an opening is formed in the first resistor (7);
the rotating shaft piece (6) is fixedly connected with the mounting shaft (4), the rotating shaft piece (6) is rotationally connected with the supporting rod (12), a rolling ring (15) for reducing friction force is arranged between the supporting rod (12) and the mounting tray (5), a mounting groove is formed in the supporting rod (12), a connecting wire (8) is arranged in the mounting groove, and one end of the connecting wire (8) is electrically connected with the conductive connector (14); the conductive connector (14) is in sliding connection with the first resistor (7); the other end of the connecting wire (8) is electrically connected with a first power supply in the power supply (18) through a wire; a first power supply in the power supply (18) is electrically connected with the first ammeter (16) and one end face of the opening of the first resistor (7) in sequence through a wire;
a second power supply in the power supply (18) is electrically connected with a second ammeter (21) and a second resistor (22) in sequence through wires, and the second resistor (22) and the first resistor (7) are made of the same material;
a first protection resistor (19) is arranged on a wire between a first power supply in the power supply (18) and the connecting wire (8), and a third power supply in the power supply (18) is electrically connected with a third ammeter (23) and a second protection resistor (20) in sequence through wires; the first protection resistor (19) and the second protection resistor (20) are made of the same material;
a circular guide rail (27) is arranged below the mounting tray (5), the circular guide rail (27) is fixed on the mounting shaft (4) through a connecting rod (26), a spherical magnet (24) capable of rolling is contained in the circular guide rail (27), an iron block (25) for positioning the initial position of the spherical magnet (24) is arranged at the bottom of the circular guide rail (27), and the iron block (25) can slide along the bottom of the circular guide rail;
calculating the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass, comprising the following steps:
when the inclination direction of the dangerous rock body isX°Reading the first ammeter (16)I 1 Reading of the second ammeter (21)I 2；
Then:
I 1 =U/ [ρ·（X/360）·L 1 / S 1 ]；
I 2 =U/（ρ·L 2 /S 2 ）；
wherein,L 1 for the total length of the first resistor (7),S 1 is the cross-sectional area of the first resistor (7),L 2 for the length of the second resistor (22),S 2 is the cross-sectional area of the second resistor (22);Uis the voltage of a first power supply and a second power supply of the power supplies (18),ρthe first resistor (7) and the second resistor (22) are arranged in the inclination direction of the dangerous rock bodyX°Resistivity at time;
when (when)I 1 Not equal to 0, according to the reading of the first ammeter (16)I 1 Reading of the second ammeter (21)I 2 The inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass is calculated as follows:
X=360[(S 1 /S 2 ) (I 2 /I 1 ) (L 2 /L 1 )]；
when the length and cross-sectional area of the first resistor (7) and the second resistor (22) are equal, namely:L 1 =L 2 ，S 1 =S 2 the inclination direction of the dangerous rock mass is calculated as follows:
X=360·（I 2 / I 1 ）。
2. the real-time automated measurement device for the inclination direction of a dangerous rock according to claim 1, wherein: and an insulating paint layer (17) is sprayed at one end, electrically connected with the lead, of the opening of the first resistor (7).
3. The real-time automated measurement device for the inclination direction of a dangerous rock according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the bottom in device shell (1) is provided with supporting seat (3) that are used for fixed mounting axle (4), bracing piece (12) terminal surface is provided with counterweight body (13) that are used for increasing gliding power, bracing piece (12) terminal bottom surface sets up iron sheet (28) that are used for with spherical magnet (24) matched with.
4. The real-time automated measurement device for the inclination direction of a dangerous rock according to claim 1, wherein: the control unit comprises a control module (10) and a communication module (11), and a power supply module (9) for supplying power to the control module (10) and the communication module (11).
5. The method for measuring the real-time automated measurement device for the inclination direction of a dangerous rock according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
when the inclination direction of the dangerous rock body isX°Reading the first ammeter (16)I 1 Reading of the second ammeter (21)I 2 Reading of the third ammeter (23)I 3 Then:
I 1 =U/{ [ρ 1 ·（X/360）·L 1 / S 1 ]+ ρ 2 ·L 2 / S 2 }；
I 2 =U/（ρ 1 ·L 3 /S 3 ）；
I 3 =U/（ρ 2 ·L 4 /S 4 ）；
wherein,L 1 for the total length of the first resistor (7),S 1 is the cross-sectional area of the first resistor (7);L 2 for the length of the first protection resistor (19),S 2 is the cross-sectional area of the first protection resistor (19);L 3 for the total length of the second resistor (22),S 3 is the cross-sectional area of the second resistor (22);L 4 for the length of the second protection resistor (20),S 4 is the cross-sectional area of the second protection resistor (20);Uis the voltage of the first, second and third power sources of the power sources (18),ρ 1 is the resistivity of the first resistor (7) and the second resistor (22),ρ 2 resistivity for the first protection resistor (19) and the second protection resistor (20);
when (when)I 1 When not equal to 0, the inclination direction of the dangerous rock body is as follows:
X=360[(S 1 /S 3 ) (I 2 / I 1 ) (L 3 /L 1 )- (S 1 /S 3 ) (S 4 /S 2 ) (I 2 / I 3 ) (L 3 /L 1 ) (L 2 /L 4 )]；
when the total length and the cross-sectional area of the first resistor (7) and the second resistor (22) are equal, the length and the cross-sectional area of the first protection resistor (19) and the second protection resistor (20) are equal, namely:L 1 =L 3 ，S 1 =S 3 ，L 2 =L 4 ，S 2 =S 4 and (3) calculating to obtain:
X=360·[（I
2
/ I
1
）-（I
2
/ I
3
）] 。
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| US20050091862A1 (en) * | 2003-10-29 | 2005-05-05 | Hiram Diaz | Inclination angle reader and method for using same |
| CN107655456A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-02-02 | 广州市建设工程质量安全检测中心 | A kind of high-precision pendulum resistance-type inclination measurement device for being used to monitor and method |
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| CN210180421U (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2020-03-24 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Gravity type slope monitoring device with instant angle signal feedback |
| CN213956360U (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-08-13 | 武汉曲背湖建设有限公司 | Be used for building construction levelness detection device |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050091862A1 (en) * | 2003-10-29 | 2005-05-05 | Hiram Diaz | Inclination angle reader and method for using same |
| CN107655456A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-02-02 | 广州市建设工程质量安全检测中心 | A kind of high-precision pendulum resistance-type inclination measurement device for being used to monitor and method |
| CN108533250A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-09-14 | 西安奥瑞普瑞电子科技有限公司 | A kind of low side measuring device and its measurement method for directional survey |
| CN210180421U (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2020-03-24 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Gravity type slope monitoring device with instant angle signal feedback |
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