CN113550703B

CN113550703B - Continuous rotating multifunctional iron roughneck

Info

Publication number: CN113550703B
Application number: CN202111042910.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张庆斌; 刘兴邦; 李联中; 魏双会; 豆乔; 吴爱萍; 张建; 孙占广; 朱本温; 董芳杞
Original assignee: Lanzhou Ls Petroleum Equipment Engineering Co ltd
Current assignee: Lanzhou Ls Petroleum Equipment Engineering Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-07
Filing date: 2021-09-07
Publication date: 2023-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-07
Also published as: CN113550703A

Abstract

The invention discloses a continuous rotation multifunctional iron roughneck, which comprises main tongs and back tongs, wherein the main tongs and the back tongs are arranged on a support sliding frame, the main tongs comprise a main tong right side half body and a main tong left side half body which can be opened and closed, the upper parts of the main tong right side half body and the main tong left side half body are provided with hydraulic oil pump cylinders, and the lower parts of the main tong right side half body and the main tong left side half body are provided with a slurry lower cover plate; the back-up tong includes back-up tong right side halfbody and back-up tong left side halfbody that can open and shut, and the outer fringe and the top of back-up tong right side halfbody and back-up tong left side halfbody all install mud and prevent splash rubber slab and mud upper cover plate, and the back lateral wall of back-up tong moving frame is connected with the removal pneumatic cylinder of connecting on the support sliding frame, installs coupling compensation pneumatic cylinder between back-up tong moving frame and the main tong moving frame. The invention can continuously rotate without pause between links during operations of shackle, screwing-fastening, buckle breaking-screwing and the like on the drill rod, and has the advantages of simple operation, high operation timeliness and high automation degree by integrating the mud in-situ recovery function.

Description

Continuous rotating multifunctional iron roughneck

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling and production equipment, in particular to a continuous rotation multifunctional iron roughneck.

Background

The iron roughneck is convenient, safe and efficient equipment for tripping on the pipe, and is very important auxiliary equipment in automatic drilling and well repairing. During conventional well drilling and repairing operation, the screwing-in and unscrewing operation process of the drill rod comprises several operation links such as screwing, fastening, breaking and the like. When the upper buckling operation is carried out, back tongs of an iron roughneck clamp a lower drill rod joint firstly, then a screwing device on the upper portion of a tong body of the iron roughneck carries out screwing operation, the screwing device loosens a drill rod after the screwing operation is finished, main tongs of the iron roughneck clamp the upper drill rod joint, the main tongs rotates for a certain angle under the action of a torque hydraulic cylinder to carry out fastening operation, if the fastening torque does not reach a specified torque value, the main tongs loosen the drill rod joint, the torque hydraulic cylinder drives the main tongs to rotate for a certain angle in the reverse direction to reset, and then the torque tong fastening operation process is repeated until the joint torque reaches the set torque value. Three sets of different devices such as back tongs, spinner tongs and main tongs are needed for cooperative operation of drill rod spinning and fastening operation, when the operation links are switched, the operation device in the previous operation process needs to release an operation object and reset, the operation device in the next operation link needs to perform corresponding preparation and positioning actions, the operation process is discontinuous, the links are operated in series, the operation is long in time consumption, and the operation program is complicated. The drill pipe tripping process is the reverse of the drill pipe make-up process and the same problems as described above exist.

In the conventional shackle operation process, in order to prevent the splashing of slurry in a drill rod at the upper part of a coupling after shackle, a slurry blowout prevention box is often used for recovering the slurry after shackle. When the mud is recovered, an iron roughneck needs to withdraw from the wellhead position firstly to make room for the mud blowout prevention box to process the drill rod joint, and then the mud is recovered through the independent mud blowout prevention box. And after the mud is recovered, the mud blowout prevention box is opened and retreats from the wellhead position, so that the iron roughneck can carry out the shackle operation of the next drill rod stand. The whole operation process also has serial operation links of preparation, positioning, operation, reset and the like of the slurry blowout prevention box. The whole operation processes of shackle opening and mud recovery on the drill rod are complicated, the efficiency is low, and meanwhile, the defects of large workload of operators, easy misoperation and the like exist. Particularly, with the development of new drilling techniques in recent years, drilling operations have been more demanding in terms of the automation level of drilling tools, the operation efficiency, the operation labor intensity, and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a continuous rotation multifunctional iron roughneck, which can continuously rotate without pause between operation links of screwing-fastening, unscrewing-screwing and the like during the operation of unscrewing on a drill rod, integrates the function of mud recovery in situ, and has high automation degree and simple and convenient operation.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a continuous rotation multifunctional iron roughneck comprises a main tong and a back-up tong which are arranged on a support sliding frame, wherein the back-up tong is positioned below the main tong, the main tong comprises a main tong right side half body and a main tong left side half body which are hinged on a main tong moving frame through pin shafts respectively, the rear ends of the outer walls of the main tong right side half body and the main tong left side half body are connected with the piston rod ends of two main tong opening and closing hydraulic cylinders respectively, the cylinder body ends of the main tong opening and closing hydraulic cylinders are arranged on the main tong moving frame, the left and right ends of the main tong moving frame are clamped on two rear upright posts of the support sliding frame respectively, the upper parts of the main tong right side half body and the main tong left side half body are connected with the cylinder body end and the piston rod end of a hydraulic oil pump cylinder through hydraulic pump cylinder fixing pin shafts respectively, and the opening and closing of the main tong right side half body and the main tong left side half body drive the hydraulic oil pump cylinder to stretch; the back-up tong comprises a back-up tong right-side half body and a back-up tong left-side half body which are hinged to a back-up tong moving rack through pin shafts respectively, the bottoms of the back-up tong right-side half body and the back-up tong left-side half body are connected with a cylinder body end and a piston rod end of a back-up tong opening and closing hydraulic cylinder respectively, mud splashing-preventing rubber plates are mounted at the outer edge tops of the back-up tong right-side half body and the back-up tong left-side half body respectively, the left end and the right end of the back-up tong moving rack are clamped on two rear stand columns of a supporting sliding frame respectively, the rear side wall of the back-up tong moving rack is connected with a piston rod end of a moving hydraulic cylinder, and a cylinder body of the moving hydraulic cylinder is fixed on a rear cross beam of the supporting sliding frame; and a coupling compensation hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the back-up tong moving rack and the main tong moving rack.

Preferably, back-up tong walking guide devices are respectively installed at the left end and the right end of the back-up tong moving rack, each back-up tong walking guide device comprises two back-up tong walking wheels arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the connecting support and back-up tong guide wheels arranged at the left side and the right side of the connecting support, and the back-up tong walking wheels and the back-up tong guide wheels are respectively clamped in guide rails installed on two rear stand columns of the support sliding frame.

Preferably, the structure of the left half body of the back-up tong is symmetrical to that of the right half body of the back-up tong, the middle part of the left half body of the back-up tong is provided with a back-up tong clamping component, the upper end surface of the back-up tong clamping component is provided with a semicircular back-up tong drill rod sealing plate, the back-up tong drill rod sealing plate is fixed on a semicircular slurry upper cover plate positioned on the upper surface of the left half body of the back-up tong through a bolt, the shape and the opening radian of the back-up tong drill rod sealing plate are matched with the outer wall of a drill rod, and a back-up tong sealing rubber strip is arranged on the edge of the slurry upper cover plate, which is contacted with the right half body of the back-up tong; a mud groove is processed between the inner wall and the outer wall of the back-up tong shell of the left half body of the back-up tong, a mud outflow hole is formed in the bottom surface of the mud groove, the outer side of the mud outflow hole is connected with one end of a mud backflow pipe, and the other end of the mud backflow pipe is connected with a mud circulating system; the bottom of the mud anti-splashing rubber plate is connected with the outer edge of the left half body of the back-up tong through the lower pressing plate, the top of the mud anti-splashing rubber plate is connected with the top plate through the upper pressing plate, the top plate is connected with the piston rod ends of the plurality of jacking hydraulic cylinders, and the cylinder bodies of the jacking hydraulic cylinders are fixed on the outer side wall of the left half body of the back-up tong through the hydraulic cylinder fixing plates.

Preferably, the back-up tong clamping assembly comprises three back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinders arranged on the fixed seat, hydraulic control pipelines of the back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinders are laid in an annular space between the back-up tong clamping assembly and the inner wall of the back-up tong shell and are connected with a hydraulic system outside the system through hydraulic pipeline holes formed between the inner wall and the outer wall, and the hydraulic pipeline holes are isolated from the mud tank; the cylinder body end of each back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinder is connected with a back-up tong tooth holder, a back-up tong tooth body is installed at the front end of each back-up tong tooth holder, a back-up tong double-sided wedge block is installed between every two adjacent back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinders, and back-up tong single-sided wedge blocks are respectively installed outside the other side walls of the two back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinders close to the outer side; the back-up tong comprises a back-up tong shell, a back-up tong double-sided wedge block, a back-up tong lower cover plate, a back-up tong double-sided wedge block, a back-up tong upper cover plate, a back-up tong lower cover plate, a back-up tong cover plate and a back-up tong lower cover plate, wherein the back-up tong double-sided wedge block and the back-up tong single-sided wedge block are fixed between the back-up tong upper cover plate and the back-up tong lower cover plate through bolts; the upper surface and the lower surface of a clamping cylinder body of the back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinder are respectively provided with a cylinder body boss, the step surface and the side surface of the cylinder body boss are provided with back-up tong sliding blocks, the lower surface of an upper cover plate of the back-up tong and the upper surface of a lower cover plate of the back-up tong are both provided with a sliding groove, and the back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the sliding groove through the cylinder body boss.

Preferably, a back-up tong left locking lug seat is mounted at the front end of the back-up tong left half body, a swing hydraulic cylinder is mounted in the back-up tong left locking lug seat, and a piston rod end of the swing hydraulic cylinder is connected with a back-up tong locking shaft; the front end of the right side half body of the back-up tong is provided with a right back-up tong locking limiting plate, and the right back-up tong locking limiting plate is provided with a locking hole which is opposite to the back-up tong locking shaft and is matched with the back-up tong in shape.

Preferably, the right half body of the main tong is symmetrical to the left half body of the main tong in structure, and a semicircular rotary clamping assembly is arranged in the middle of a main tong shell of the right half body of the main tong; the half gear ring is fixed on the outer edge of the rotary clamping assembly through a bolt, the half gear ring is meshed with a driving gear of a variable displacement hydraulic motor, and the variable displacement hydraulic motor is arranged at the rear part of the right half body of the main tong; the top end of the rotary clamping assembly is connected with the bottom of the pipe supporting mechanism through a pipe supporting mechanism fixing pin shaft, and buffer rubber is mounted on the inner wall of the pipe supporting mechanism; the center of the bottom of the rotary clamping component is provided with a semicircular annular slurry lower cover plate and a main tong drill rod sealing plate.

Preferably, the rotary clamping assembly comprises three main tong clamping hydraulic cylinder assemblies arranged in a rotary clamping assembly shell, each main tong clamping hydraulic cylinder assembly comprises a main tong clamping hydraulic cylinder, a main tong jaw seat and a main tong jaw body are arranged at the front end of each main tong clamping hydraulic cylinder, bosses are machined on the upper surface and the lower surface of the cylinder body of each main tong clamping hydraulic cylinder, and main tong sliding blocks are arranged on the side surfaces and the step surfaces of the bosses; the outer edge of the rotary clamping component shell is provided with a hydraulic component mounting groove, a hydraulic pipeline connected with a main tong clamping hydraulic cylinder is mounted in the hydraulic component mounting groove, an energy accumulator and a mechanical reversing valve are connected onto the hydraulic pipeline, a control rod of the mechanical reversing valve is in contact with a control ring, the control ring is mounted above the main tong shell, a cylinder body end of the control hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the control ring, a piston rod end of the control hydraulic cylinder is fixed at the top of the main tong shell, and when a piston end of a hydraulic cylinder of a control part retracts, the control ring moves downwards; the top of the hydraulic element mounting groove is provided with a groove body cover plate, and the groove body cover plate is fixed on the rotary clamping assembly through a bolt; a main tong double-sided wedge block is arranged between the side walls of two adjacent main tong clamping hydraulic cylinder assemblies, and a main tong single-sided wedge block is arranged outside the other side wall of the two main tong clamping hydraulic cylinder assemblies close to the outer side; the control ring is provided with a position sensor.

Preferably, two clamping hydraulic cylinder piston rods are installed on a cylinder body of the main tong clamping hydraulic cylinder, and return springs are installed between the clamping hydraulic cylinder piston rods and the cylinder body.

Preferably, a rotating clamping component fixing groove is formed in the inner wall of the main tong shell, a plurality of radial guide wheel assemblies and axial guide wheel assemblies are mounted in the fixing groove, and the radial guide wheel assemblies and the axial guide wheel assemblies are abutted to the rotating clamping component shell; the roller of the axial guide wheel assembly is a cone, and the surface of the rotary clamping assembly shell, which is contacted with the roller of the axial guide wheel assembly, is an inclined plane matched with the roller.

Preferably, the front ends and the tail ends of the right half body and the left half body of the main tong are respectively provided with a strong locking connecting mechanism with the same structure; the strong locking connection mechanism of the right half body of the main tong comprises a right locking groove arranged at the front end of the front side wall of the shell of the rotary clamping assembly and a right locking shaft extending out of the front side wall of the shell of the rotary clamping assembly and positioned at the rear end of the shell of the rotary clamping assembly, and a left locking shaft and a left locking groove are symmetrically arranged on the left half body of the main tong at the opposite positions of the right locking groove and the right locking shaft; the front end of the left locking shaft is provided with a pawl matched with the right locking groove in shape, the left locking shaft is fixed in a bearing seat on the inner wall of a shell of the left rotary clamping assembly, the tail end face of the left locking shaft is provided with a shifting block eccentrically arranged with the axis of the left locking shaft, the shifting block is clamped in a vertical shifting block sliding groove on the side wall of the driving block, the top of the driving block is convexly assembled in a driving block sliding groove on the bottom surface of a guide block, the guide block is fixed on the inner wall of the shell of the left rotary clamping assembly, the middle part of one end of the driving block is provided with a blind hole, the top end of the blind hole is fixed with one end of a strong spring, the other end of the strong spring extends out of the blind hole and is fixed on the inner wall of the shell of the left rotary clamping assembly, the other end of the driving block is provided with a connecting short shaft coaxial with the blind hole, the connecting short shaft is arranged opposite to the end of a piston rod of the main tong front locking hydraulic cylinder and is positioned on the same axis, the cylinder body of the main tong front locking hydraulic cylinder is fixed on a front support, and a front support is installed on the shell on the right side of the main tong half body.

Preferably, the left end and the right end of the main tong moving rack are respectively provided with a main tong walking guide device, the main tong walking guide device comprises a main tong walking wheel and a main tong guide wheel, the main tong walking wheel and the main tong guide wheel are connected with the left side wall and the right side wall of the main tong moving rack through a connecting support, and the main tong walking wheel and the main tong guide wheel are respectively clamped in guide rails arranged on opposite surfaces of two rear stand columns of the supporting sliding frame.

Preferably, the half gear ring is connected with the encoder, the encoder is installed in the encoder shield, and the encoder shield is fixed on the outer wall of the main tong shell.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) The continuous rotation multifunctional iron roughneck comprises main tongs, back-up tongs, a support guide frame and a movable hydraulic cylinder, wherein the main tongs comprise a left half body of the main tongs and a right half body of the main tongs, the rear ends of the left half body and the right half body of the main tongs are hinged on a movable rack of the main tongs and can be opened and closed; the main tong and the back-up tong are both provided with locking mechanisms, so that the reliability of an iron roughneck in the operation process is ensured;

(2) The mud splashing-preventing rubber plate is used for sealing the space between the back-up tong and the main tong, and under the blocking of the back-up tong drill rod sealing plate, the main tong drill rod sealing plate, the mud upper cover plate, the mud lower cover plate and the sealing rubber strip, the mud flowing out of the drill rod flows into the mud recovery groove at the outer edge of the back-up tong and then flows back to the mud system along the mud return pipe, and cannot flow into the back-up tong and the main tong; the mud is recycled at the same time, so that the environmental pollution is reduced, the raw materials are saved, the overhaul frequency is reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged;

(3) According to the invention, the main tong is arranged on the main tong moving rack, the back-up tong is arranged on the back-up tong moving rack, and the screw thread compensation hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the main tong moving rack and the back-up tong moving rack, so that the main tong can longitudinally move for a certain distance relative to the back-up tong to compensate the distance change between drill rod joints during the screwing-off process;

(4) According to the invention, the movable hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the back tong and the rear cross beam for supporting the movable frame, after the drill string is suspended by the front opening power slip, the main tong and the back tong are enabled to move downwards through the extension of the piston rod of the movable hydraulic cylinder, so that an iron roughneck is released from the position of a drill rod joint after the drill rod is detached, and a top drive is convenient to carry an elevator to clamp the drill rod joint so as to lift the drill string, so that the requirements of novel drilling mode operation flows such as continuous tripping and the like are met;

(5) In the invention, a mud outflow hole is formed below a back-up tong shell, the outer side of the mud outflow hole is connected with one end of a mud return pipe, and the other end of the mud return pipe is connected with a mud circulating system; after the drill rod is buckled, mud in the drill rod can be recycled through the mud outflow hole and the mud return pipe;

(6) In the invention, each back-up tong half-body is provided with a hydraulic pipeline hole penetrating through the back-up tong shell, so that an external hydraulic system can conveniently supply hydraulic oil to a clamping assembly inside the back-up tong, and the mud in a mud groove of a back-up tong shell is isolated;

(7) The back-up tong clamping component is an independent module, a boss is arranged at the outer edge of the back-up tong clamping component and can be matched with a groove in the back-up tong half-body to bear the reactive torque generated during the upper shackle operation, and meanwhile, the back-up tong clamping component can be integrally placed into or taken out of the back-up tong shell from the top of the back-up tong along a sliding groove in the shell, so that the back-up tong is compact in overall structure and convenient for daily maintenance;

(8) According to the invention, three clamping hydraulic cylinder groups are optimally arranged in each back-up tong clamping component, so that the internal space of the component is reasonably utilized, the overall height of the back-up tong can be reduced, and the clamping effect of the back-up tong on a drill rod is favorably improved;

(9) According to the invention, the main tong opening and closing hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the main tong body shell and the walking mechanism, the opening and closing actions between the main tong right side half body and the main tong left side half body are realized through the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the main tong opening and closing hydraulic cylinder, and the main tong locking pin shaft can be driven to lock between the main tong right side half body and the main tong left side half body through the main tong locking hydraulic cylinder arranged on the main tong shell, so that the whole structure is simple, and the action is reliable;

(10) According to the hydraulic clamp, a hydraulic pump cylinder is connected between the right half body and the left half body of the two main clamps, the cylinder end and the piston rod end of the hydraulic pump cylinder are respectively connected to the rotary clamping component of the right half body of the main clamp and the rotary clamping component of the left half body of the main clamp, when the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder for opening and closing the main clamps extends out, the hydraulic cylinder can provide power for compressing hydraulic oil in the hydraulic pump cylinder while completing closing action of the right half body and the left half body of the main clamps, so that the hydraulic oil of an energy accumulator can be replenished, and the hydraulic elements such as a reversing valve and the like are used for controlling the main clamps to clamp the hydraulic cylinder components to act; the pipe clamping device has the capability of self-adapting to the clamping force of the pipe, namely when a small-diameter pipe is processed, the larger the extending distance of the piston rod of the clamping hydraulic cylinder is, the more hydraulic oil is discharged by the energy accumulator, the smaller the pressure of the output hydraulic oil is, so that the clamping force of the clamping assembly is smaller, otherwise, the pipe diameter of the processing pipe is large, and the clamping force of the clamping assembly is large, so that the requirements of different clamping forces required by pipes with different pipe diameters are met; all hydraulic components for controlling the main tong clamping hydraulic cylinder component to act are integrated on the main tong body rotating and clamping component, so that the hydraulic components can be completely isolated from an external main hydraulic system, the main tong rotating and clamping component can clamp a drill string joint during rotating, the use of wearing parts such as a rotating joint is avoided, and the whole structure is compact;

(11) The main tong rotary clamping components are of two split structures and are respectively arranged in the shells of the main tong half bodies, after the main tong half bodies are closed, the locking shafts on the rotary clamping component half bodies are inserted into the grooves on the other corresponding rotary clamping component half bodies, a strong locking connection mechanism is arranged in each main tong rotary clamping component, each strong locking connection mechanism comprises a driving block, a main tong front locking hydraulic cylinder, a connection short shaft, a locking shaft and a strong spring, the connection short shaft and the driving block are pushed to move by the extension of the piston end of the main tong front locking hydraulic cylinder, the strong spring is compressed, the locking shafts are rotated by the shifting blocks on the locking shafts, and the two main tong rotary half bodies are unlocked; when the rotary clamping assembly of the iron roughneck needs to be locked, a piston rod of a main clamp front locking hydraulic cylinder arranged on a main clamp body retracts, a driving block, a connecting short shaft and the like move towards the outer wall of the rotary clamping assembly under the action of a strong spring, and the driving block pushes a shifting block on a locking shaft in the process to cause the locking shaft to rotate for a certain angle, so that the left rotary clamping assembly and the right rotary clamping assembly are locked; the locking shaft and the locking groove have high connection strength and can bear the reaction force when the clamping hydraulic cylinder clamps the drill rod;

(12) The variable displacement hydraulic motor arranged on the main tong shell can realize the conversion of different torques required among various operation links such as screwing, fastening, breaking, screwing and the like along with the variation of the displacement of the motor, the outer edges of the two main tong rotary clamping components are respectively provided with a half gear ring, after the two main tong rotary clamping components are locked by the locking shaft, the two half gear rings form a complete gear ring, the whole rotary clamping component rotates around the rotary center of an iron roughneck under the driving of the hydraulic motor, and conditions are created for realizing the non-pause and continuous rotation among the various operation links such as screwing, fastening, breaking, screwing and the like;

(13) Each main tong rotary clamping assembly is supported by the radial guide wheel assembly and the axial guide wheel assembly and is positioned in the main tong shell so as to reduce the frictional resistance during rotary shackling operation; the roller on the axial guide wheel assembly is in contact with the bearing flange of the rotary clamping assembly, and the roller and the bearing flange of the rotary clamping assembly are designed with certain tapers, when the roller is in a rotating state, the two contact surfaces are in pure rolling contact, sliding friction does not exist, the operation state is stable, the service life of parts is prolonged, and the failure rate is reduced;

(14) The main tong shell is provided with a main tong front locking hydraulic cylinder and a connecting short shaft, when the main tong is opened, the connecting short shaft is inserted into the rotary clamping assembly, so that power can be provided for the rotary unlocking action of the locking shaft, the rotary clamping assembly can be pinned to the shell through a piston rod of the main tong front locking hydraulic cylinder, and an iron roughneck is prevented from sliding out of the rotary clamping assembly half body from the shell half body in an opening state;

(15) The upper part of each main tong shell is provided with a control ring through a hydraulic cylinder, the control ring is in contact with an operating rod of a mechanical reversing valve in the rotary clamping assembly, and the control ring can move up and down under the action of the control hydraulic cylinder so as to start an energy accumulator and provide hydraulic oil for a hydraulic system; a position detection device is arranged on the control ring, the state of the clamping hydraulic cylinder is indicated through a feedback signal, and meanwhile, the automatic control is convenient to realize;

(16) Three clamping hydraulic cylinders are arranged in each main clamp clamping assembly, so that the internal space of the assembly is reasonably utilized, the overall height of the main clamp can be reduced, and the clamping effect of the back clamp on the drill rod is improved; the main clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder adopts a double-piston-rod form, and the structure can fully utilize the axial space of the main clamp and reduce the radial size of the main clamp; the clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder component has reliable action, simple structure and convenient replacement and maintenance.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the back-up tong of the present invention in an open state;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the closed state of the back-up tong of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the left side half of the back-up wrench of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a back-up tong housing of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the left side half of the back-up wrench of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a back-up tong clamping device of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the main clamp closure of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the main clamp of the present invention open;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the right side half of the main clamp of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a main clamp rotating clamping assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the main clamp clamping cylinder assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the right side half shell of the main clamp of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a partial cross-sectional view of the main clamp clamping cylinder assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 14;

fig. 16 is a schematic view of the strong lock connection of fig. 15.

In the figure: 110. a support sliding frame, 111, a movable hydraulic cylinder, 112, a coupling compensation hydraulic cylinder, 113, a rear upright post, 114, a rear cross beam, 201, a back-up tong, 202, a right half back-up tong, 203, a back-up tong movable frame, 204, a hinge pin, 205, a back-up tong walking guide device, 206, a left half back-up tong, 207, a swing hydraulic cylinder, 208, a back-up tong locking shaft, 209, a back-up tong opening and closing hydraulic cylinder, 210, a left back-up tong locking lug seat, 211, a mud return pipe, 212, a right back-up tong locking limiting plate, 213, a back-up tong sealing rubber strip, 214, a back-up tong drill pipe sealing plate, 215, a back-up tong clamping component, 216, a mud upper cover plate, 217, a mud anti-splashing rubber plate, 218, a back-up tong shell, 219, a top plate, 220, an upper pressure plate, 221, a lower pressure plate, 222, a hydraulic cylinder fixing plate, 223, a jacking hydraulic cylinder, 224, an inner wall, 225, an outer wall, a mud outlet hole, 226, 227, a hydraulic pipe, 228, torque receiving grooves 229, a mud groove 230, a back-up tong lower cover plate 231, a fixed seat 232, a back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinder 233, a back-up tong double-sided wedge block 234, a back-up tong single-sided wedge block 235, a back-up tong upper cover plate 236, a back-up tong tooth seat 237, a back-up tong tooth body 238, a back-up tong sliding block 239, a clamping cylinder body 401, a main tong 402, a main tong right-side half body 403, a main tong left-side half body 404, a hydraulic oil pump cylinder 405, a main tong moving frame 406, a main tong walking guide device 407, a main tong opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 408, a hydraulic pump cylinder fixing pin shaft 409, a right locking groove 410, a front support seat 411, an encoder 412, a control ring 413, a position sensor 414, a pipe supporting mechanism 415, a buffer rubber 416, a variable displacement hydraulic motor 417, a main tong housing 418, a rotary clamping assembly 419, a mud lower cover plate 420, a drill pipe clamp, 421. the hydraulic control clamp comprises a control hydraulic cylinder, 422, a half gear ring, 423, a main clamp sealing rubber strip, 424, a pipe supporting mechanism fixing pin shaft, 425, a groove body cover plate, 426, an energy accumulator, 427, a hydraulic component installation groove, 428, a mechanical reversing valve, 429, a rotary clamping component shell, 430, a main clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder component, 431, a main clamp single-face wedge block, 432, a main clamp double-face wedge block, 433, a main clamp tooth body, 434, a main clamp tooth seat, 435, a main clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder, 436, a main clamp sliding block, 437, a clamping hydraulic cylinder piston rod, 438, a return spring, 439, an axial guide wheel component, 440, a radial guide wheel component, 441, a right locking shaft, 442, a bearing seat, 443, a left locking shaft, 444, a main clamp front locking hydraulic cylinder, 445, a connecting short shaft, 446, a driving block, 447, a shifting block, 448, a strong spring, 449, a pawl, 450, a left rotary clamping component shell, 451, a guide block, 452, a driving block sliding groove, 453 and a shifting block sliding groove.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 8, a continuous rotation multifunctional iron roughneck comprises a main tong 401 and a back-up tong 201 which are arranged on a support sliding frame 110, wherein the back-up tong 201 is positioned below the main tong 401, the main tong 401 comprises a main tong right side half-body 402 and a main tong left side half-body 403 which are respectively hinged on a main tong moving frame 405 through pin shafts, the rear ends of the outer walls of the main tong right side half-body 402 and the main tong left side half-body 403 are respectively connected with the piston rod ends of two main tong opening and closing hydraulic cylinders 407, the cylinder body ends of the main tong opening and closing hydraulic cylinders 407 are arranged on the main tong moving frame 405, the left and right ends of the main tong moving frame 405 are respectively clamped on two rear upright posts 113 of the support sliding frame 110, the upper parts of the main tong right side half-body 402 and the main tong left side half-body 403 are respectively connected with the cylinder end and the piston rod end of a hydraulic oil pump cylinder 404 through a hydraulic pump cylinder fixing pin shaft 408, and the opening and closing of the main tong right side half-body 402 and the main tong left side half-body 403 drive the hydraulic oil pump 404 to extend and retract; the back-up tong 201 comprises a back-up tong right-side half body 202 and a back-up tong left-side half body 206 which are hinged on a back-up tong moving frame 203 through pin shafts respectively, the bottoms of the back-up tong right-side half body 202 and the back-up tong left-side half body 206 are connected with the cylinder end and the piston rod end of a back-up tong opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 209 respectively, mud splash-proof rubber plates 217 are mounted at the top of the outer edges of the back-up tong right-side half body 202 and the back-up tong left-side half body 206 respectively, the left end and the right end of the back-up tong moving frame 203 are mounted on two rear upright posts 113 of the support sliding frame 110 respectively, the rear side wall of the back-up tong moving frame 203 is connected with the piston rod end of the moving hydraulic cylinder 111, and the cylinder body of the moving hydraulic cylinder 111 is fixed on the rear cross beam 114 of the support sliding frame 110; a coupling compensation hydraulic cylinder 112 is installed between the back-up tong moving frame 203 and the main tong moving frame 405.

As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, back-up tong walking guide devices 205 are respectively installed at the left and right ends of the back-up tong moving frame 203, each back-up tong walking guide device 205 comprises two back-up tong walking wheels arranged at the upper and lower ends of a connecting support and back-up tong guide wheels arranged at the left and right sides of the support, and the back-up tong walking wheels and the back-up tong guide wheels are respectively clamped in guide rails installed on two rear vertical columns 113 of the support sliding frame 110.

The structure of the back-up tong left-side half body 206 is symmetrical to that of the back-up tong right-side half body 202, a back-up tong clamping component 215 is installed in the middle of the back-up tong left-side half body 206, a semicircular back-up tong drill rod sealing plate 214 is installed on the upper end face of the back-up tong clamping component 215, the back-up tong drill rod sealing plate 214 is fixed on a semicircular mud upper cover plate 216 located on the upper surface of the back-up tong left-side half body 206 through bolts, the shape and the opening radian of the back-up tong drill rod sealing plate 214 are matched with the outer wall of a drill rod, and a back-up tong sealing rubber strip 213 is installed on the edge of the mud upper cover plate 216, which is in contact with the back-up tong right-side half body 202; a mud groove 229 is processed between the inner wall 224 and the outer wall 225 of the back-up tong shell 218 of the back-up tong left half body 206, a mud outflow hole 226 is formed in the bottom surface of the mud groove 229, the outer side of the mud outflow hole 226 is connected with one end of a mud return pipe 211, and the other end of the mud return pipe 211 is connected with a mud circulation system; the bottom of the mud splash-proof rubber plate 217 is connected with the outer edge of the left half body 206 of the back-up tong through a lower pressing plate 221, the top of the mud splash-proof rubber plate 217 is connected with a top plate 219 through an upper pressing plate 220, the top plate 219 is connected with the piston rod ends of a plurality of jacking hydraulic cylinders 223, and the cylinder bodies of the jacking hydraulic cylinders 223 are fixed on the outer side wall of the left half body 206 of the back-up tong through hydraulic cylinder fixing plates 222.

As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the back-up tong clamping assembly 215 comprises three back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinders 232 which are arranged on a fixed seat 231, a hydraulic control pipeline of each back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinder 232 is laid in an annular space between the back-up tong clamping assembly 215 and an inner wall 224 of a back-up tong shell 218 and is connected with a hydraulic system outside the system through a hydraulic pipeline hole 227 which is formed between the inner wall 224 and an outer wall 225, and the hydraulic pipeline hole 227 is isolated from a mud tank 229; the cylinder body end of each back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinder 232 is connected with a back-up tong tooth seat 236, a back-up tong tooth body 237 is installed at the front end of each back-up tong tooth seat 236, a back-up tong double-sided wedge block 233 is installed between every two adjacent back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinders 232, and back-up tong single-sided wedge blocks 234 are installed outside the other side walls of the two back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinders 232 close to the outer sides respectively; the back-up tong double-sided wedge-shaped block 233 and the back-up tong single-sided wedge-shaped block 234 are fixed between the back-up tong upper cover plate 235 and the back-up tong lower cover plate 230 through bolts, the outer edges of the back-up tong upper cover plate 235 and the back-up tong lower cover plate 230 are provided with a plurality of flanges, and the flanges are clamped in the torque-bearing grooves 228 formed in the inner wall of the back-up tong shell 218; the upper surface and the lower surface of a clamping cylinder body 239 of the back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinder 232 are respectively provided with a cylinder body boss, the step surface and the side surface of the cylinder body boss are provided with a back-up tong sliding block 238, the lower surface of a back-up tong upper cover plate 235 and the upper surface of a back-up tong lower cover plate 230 are both provided with a sliding groove, and the back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinder 232 is arranged in the sliding groove through the cylinder body boss.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, a back-up tong left locking lug 210 is mounted at the front end of the back-up tong left half-body 206, a swing hydraulic cylinder 207 is mounted in the back-up tong left locking lug 210, and a piston rod end of the swing hydraulic cylinder 207 is connected with a back-up tong locking shaft 208; the front end of the back-up tong right half-body 202 is provided with a back-up tong right locking limiting plate 212, and the back-up tong right locking limiting plate 212 is provided with a locking hole which is opposite to the back-up tong locking shaft 208 and has a shape matched with the back-up tong locking shaft.

As shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, the right half body 402 and the left half body 403 of the main tong are symmetrical in structure, and a semicircular rotary clamping assembly 418 is installed in the middle of a main tong housing 417 of the right half body 402 of the main tong; the half gear ring 422 is fixed on the outer edge of the rotary clamping assembly 418 through bolts, the half gear ring 422 is meshed with a driving gear of the variable displacement hydraulic motor 416, and the variable displacement hydraulic motor 416 is arranged at the rear part of the right half body 402 of the main tong; the top end of the rotary clamping assembly 418 is connected with the bottom of the pipe supporting mechanism 414 through a pipe supporting mechanism fixing pin 424, and the inner wall of the pipe supporting mechanism 414 is provided with a buffer rubber 415; a semi-annular mud lower cover plate 419 and a main tong drill pipe seal plate 420 are mounted at the bottom center of the rotating clamp assembly 418.

As shown in fig. 11, the rotating clamping assembly 418 includes three sets of main clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder assemblies 430 installed inside a rotating clamping assembly housing 429, each main clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder assembly 430 includes a main clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder 435, a main clamp jaw seat 434 and a main clamp jaw body 433 are installed at the front end of each main clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder 435, bosses are machined on the upper and lower surfaces of the main clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder 435, and main clamp sliders 436 are installed on the side surfaces and the step surfaces of the bosses; a hydraulic component mounting groove 427 is formed in the outer edge of the rotary clamping assembly housing 429, a hydraulic pipeline connected with the main tong clamping hydraulic cylinder 435 is mounted in the hydraulic component mounting groove 427, an energy accumulator 426 and a mechanical reversing valve 428 are connected to the hydraulic pipeline, a control rod of the mechanical reversing valve 428 is in contact with the control ring 412, the control ring 412 is mounted above the main tong housing 417, a cylinder body end of the control hydraulic cylinder 421 is fixed to the control ring 412, a piston rod end of the control hydraulic cylinder 421 is fixed to the top of the main tong housing 417, and when the piston end of the control hydraulic cylinder 421 retracts, the control ring 412 moves downwards; a trough body cover plate 425 is arranged at the top of the hydraulic element mounting groove 427, and the trough body cover plate 425 is fixed on the rotary clamping assembly 418 through bolts; a main clamp double-sided wedge block 432 is arranged between the side walls of two adjacent main clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder assemblies 430, and a main clamp single-sided wedge block 431 is arranged outside the other side wall of the two main clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder assemblies 430 close to the outer side; a position sensor 413 is mounted on the control ring 412.

As shown in fig. 12, two clamping hydraulic cylinder piston rods 437 are mounted on the cylinder body of the main tong clamping hydraulic cylinder 435, and return springs 438 are mounted between the clamping hydraulic cylinder piston rods 437 and the cylinder body.

As shown in fig. 13, a fixing groove for a rotating clamping assembly 418 is formed on an inner wall of a main caliper housing 417, a plurality of radial guide wheel assemblies 440 and axial guide wheel assemblies 439 are mounted in the fixing groove, and the radial guide wheel assemblies 440 and the axial guide wheel assemblies 439 are in contact with the rotating clamping assembly housing 429; the roller of the axial guide wheel assembly 439 is a cone, and the surface of the rotating clamping assembly shell 429, which is in contact with the roller of the axial guide wheel assembly 439, is an inclined surface adapted to the roller.

As shown in fig. 14 and 15, the front ends and the tail ends of the right half body 402 and the left half body 403 of the main tong are respectively provided with a strong locking connection mechanism with the same structure; the strong locking connection mechanism of the right half body 402 of the main clamp comprises a right locking groove 409 arranged at the front end of the front side wall of the rotating clamping assembly shell 429 and a right locking shaft 441 extending out of the front side wall of the rotating clamping assembly shell 429 and positioned at the rear end of the front side wall of the rotating clamping assembly shell 429, and a left locking shaft 443 and a left locking groove are symmetrically arranged on the left half body 403 of the main clamp at the opposite positions of the right locking groove 409 and the right locking shaft 441; the front end of the left locking shaft 443 is processed with a pawl 449 matched with the shape of the right locking groove 409, the left locking shaft 443 is fixed in a bearing seat 442 on the inner wall of the left rotary clamping assembly shell 450, the tail end surface of the left locking shaft 443 is processed with a shifting block 447 eccentrically arranged with the axis of the left locking shaft 443, the shifting block 447 is clamped in a vertical shifting block slide groove 453 on the side wall of a driving block 446, the top of the driving block 446 is convexly assembled in a driving block slide groove 452 on the bottom surface of a guide block 451, the guide block 451 is fixed on the inner wall of the left rotary clamping assembly shell 450, a blind hole is formed in the middle of one end of the driving block 446, the top end of the blind hole is fixed with one end of a strong spring 448, the other end of the strong spring 448 extends out of the blind hole and is fixed on the inner wall of the left rotary clamping assembly shell 450, a connecting stub shaft 445 coaxial with the blind hole is installed at the other end of the driving block 446, the connecting stub shaft 445 and the piston rod end of the main tong front locking hydraulic cylinder 444 are oppositely arranged and are on the same axis, the cylinder body of the main tong front half-holder 410, and the right front clamp 402 is installed on the main tong half shell.

As shown in fig. 15 and 16, the left and right ends of the main tong moving frame 405 are respectively provided with a main tong walking guide 406, which comprises a main tong walking wheel and a main tong guide wheel connected with the left and right side walls of the main tong moving frame 405 through a connecting support, and the main tong walking wheel and the main tong guide wheel are respectively clamped in guide rails mounted on the opposite surfaces of the two rear uprights 113 of the support sliding frame 110.

As shown in fig. 10, the half ring gear 422 is connected to the encoder 411, and the encoder 411 is mounted in an encoder shroud fixed to the outer wall of the main tong housing 417.

The working process of the invention is as follows:

after the invention is deviated to the center of a borehole, the extension length of a piston rod of the movable hydraulic cylinder 111 is controlled, and the back-up tong 201 and the main tong 401 are controlled to be positioned at the upper joint and the lower joint of the threaded connection of a drill rod. Under the action of a back-up tong opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 209, the back-up tong right half-body 202 and the back-up tong left half-body 206 are closed, a back-up tong locking shaft 208 arranged on the back-up tong left half-body 206 is inserted into a locking hole of a back-up tong right locking limiting plate 212, then the hydraulic cylinder 207 is swung to work, and the back-up tong locking shaft 208 is driven to rotate 90 degrees, so that the back-up tong right half-body 202 and the back-up tong left half-body 206 are locked; during closing and locking of the back-up tong 201, the rod end of the back-up tong clamping cylinder 232 is in a retracted state.

When the back-up tong 201 is closed and locked, the piston rod of the main tong opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 407 arranged on the main tong 401 extends out, so that the left half body 403 and the right half body 402 of the main tong are gradually closed, the piston rod of the hydraulic oil pump cylinder 404 is gradually compressed into the cylinder body, and hydraulic oil in the cylinder body of the hydraulic oil pump cylinder 404 is pressed into the energy accumulator 426 in the rotary clamping assembly 418; when the main clamp 401 is closed, the locking shafts mounted on the left hand half 403 and the right hand half 402 of the main clamp are inserted into the oppositely located locking recesses. When the main tong 401 is fully closed, the main tong front lock cylinder 444 mounted on the left main tong half housing extends its piston rod, pushing the connecting stub 445 to move, the connecting stub 445 further pushing the drive block 446 mounted inside the left rotary gripping assembly housing 450 to move along the drive block runner 452 on the guide block 451 and compressing the power spring 448 mounted in the blind bore of the drive block 446. The side of the driving block 446 is provided with a shifting block sliding groove 453 in the vertical direction, an eccentric shifting block 447 on the bottom shaft end surface of the left locking shaft 443 is installed in the shifting block sliding groove 453, when the driving block 446 moves, the shifting block 447 can slide up and down along the shifting block sliding groove 453 to drive the left locking shaft 443 to rotate, so that a pawl 449 on the left locking shaft 443 is clamped in the right locking groove 409, and the left half body 403 of the main tong is completely locked with the right half body 402 of the main tong. The rear locking mechanism of the left main tong half 403 and the right main tong half 402 operate on the same principle as the front barrel locking mechanism.

After the back-up tong 201 and the main tong 401 are closed and locked, a back-up tong drill pipe sealing plate 214 arranged on the right half body 202 of the back-up tong and the left half body 206 of the back-up tong holds a drill pipe stand, back-up tong sealing rubber strips 213 between the right half body 202 of the back-up tong and the left half body 206 of the back-up tong are attached to each other, sealing between the drill pipe stand and the right half body 202 of the back-up tong and the left half body 206 of the back-up tong is realized, and mud is prevented from entering the back-up tong 201 from a contact surface during tripping. The main tong drilling rod sealing plate 420 installed at the bottom of the main tong rotary clamping assembly holds the drilling rod vertical root tightly at the same time, the main tong sealing rubber strips 423 between the main tong left side half body 403 and the main tong right side half body 402 are mutually attached and compressed, sealing between the drilling rod vertical root and the main tong 401 is realized, and mud is prevented from entering the main tong 401 from the contact surface during shackle breaking.

After the back-up tong 201 and the main tong 401 of the continuously rotating multifunctional iron roughneck are closed and locked, hydraulic oil in an external hydraulic station of the iron roughneck enters the back-up tong 201 along a hydraulic pipeline of the back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinder 232 through a back-up tong hydraulic pipeline hole 227 and enters a rodless cavity of the back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinder 232, the piston rod end of the back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinder 232 extends out to drive the back-up tong tooth seat 236 and the back-up tong tooth body 237 to slide along slideways on the back-up tong upper cover plate 235 and the back-up tong lower cover plate 230 so as to clamp a joint at the lower part of a drill stem; meanwhile, the piston rod of the control hydraulic cylinder 421 mounted on the control ring 412 retracts to drive the control ring 412 to move downwards, the control ring 412 presses down the control rod of the mechanical reversing valve 428 to press the control rod of the mechanical reversing valve 428, the mechanical reversing valve 428 excites the energy accumulator 426 to start to provide hydraulic oil for the system, and when the rotary clamping assembly 418 rotates, the control rod of the mechanical reversing valve 428 slides on the lower surface of the control ring 412; a position sensor 413 mounted on the control loop 412 detects the control loop down distance and feeds back a down signal of the control loop 412 to an external control system. After the control rod of the mechanical reversing valve 428 moves for a certain distance, hydraulic oil stored in the accumulator 426 flows out of the accumulator and flows into a rodless cavity of the main tong clamping hydraulic cylinder 435, and the main tong clamping hydraulic cylinder 435 overcomes the resistance of the return spring 438 to push the main tong tooth holder 434 and the main tong tooth body 433 to extend out in the radial direction so as to clamp a joint at the upper part of the drill pipe stand; the left locking shaft 443 and the right locking shaft receive the force between the left half 403 of the main jaw and the right half 402 of the main jaw.

The back-up tong 201 and the main tong 401 clamp the upper and lower joints of the drill pipe stand, the jacking hydraulic cylinder 223 mounted on the back-up tong 201 jacks the top plate 219 to be attached to the lower part of the main tong 401, and at this time, the mud splash-proof rubber plate 219 mounted between the top plate 219 and the back-up tong 201 seals the space between the back-up tong 201 and the main tong 401.

The variable displacement hydraulic motor 416 mounted on the main tong 401 performs the breakout operation in a low-speed high-torque mode of operation: the driving gear of the variable displacement hydraulic motor 416 drives the semi-gear ring 422 mounted on the rotary clamping assembly 418 to rotate, and the main clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder assembly 430 keeps a clamping state on the upper joint of the drill rod stand; the axial guide wheel assembly 439 and the radial guide wheel assembly 440 which are arranged inside the shell of the main clamp right half body 402 and the main clamp left half body 403 bear the axial force and the radial force when the rotary clamping assembly 418 works; the encoder 411 records the rotation angle of the rotary clamping assembly 418 in real time, and finally the breakout operation of the drill rod stand target joint is completed.

After the breakup operation is completed, the variable displacement hydraulic motor 416 is switched to a high-speed low-torque working mode to perform the rotary fastening operation: in order to compensate the screw thread distance of the upper and lower drill rod joints in the screwing process, a piston rod of a coupling compensation hydraulic cylinder 112 arranged between a back tong 201 and a main tong 401 extends out, and the main tong 401 is gradually jacked along a rear upright post 113 rail on the iron roughneck support sliding frame 110; after the turn-off is completed, the coupling compensation hydraulic cylinder 112 continues to jack the main tong 401 up and separate the upper and lower joints of the pipe stand by a certain distance, so that mud can flow out of the inner cavity of the upper pipe.

With the upward movement of the main tong 401, the jacking hydraulic cylinder 223 simultaneously jacks up and keeps the top plate 219 close to the lower part of the main tong 401, and the sealing of the mud splash-proof rubber plate 217 to the space between the back-up tong 201 and the main tong 401 is always kept. Under the sealing of the back-up tong drill rod sealing plate 214, the main tong drill rod sealing plate 420, the mud upper cover plate 216, the mud lower cover plate 419, the back-up tong sealing rubber strip 213 and the main tong sealing rubber strip 243, mud flowing out of the drill rod flows into a mud groove 229 on the outer edge of the back-up tong 201 and then flows back to a mud system along a mud return pipe 211, so that the mud in the drill rod is prevented from flowing into the back-up tong 201 and the main tong 401; and completing the shackle operation of the drill rod stand joint.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a multi-functional anvil worker of continuous rotation, is including installing main pincers (401) and back-up tong (201) on supporting sliding frame (110), and back-up tong (201) are located the below of main pincers (401), its characterized in that: the main tong (401) comprises a main tong right side half body (402) and a main tong left side half body (403) which are hinged to a main tong moving rack (405) through pin shafts respectively, the rear ends of the outer walls of the main tong right side half body (402) and the main tong left side half body (403) are connected with the piston rod ends of two main tong opening and closing hydraulic cylinders (407) respectively, the cylinder body end of the main tong opening and closing hydraulic cylinders (407) is installed on the main tong moving rack (405), the left end and the right end of the main tong moving rack (405) are clamped on two rear upright posts (113) of a support sliding frame (110) respectively, the upper parts of the main tong right side half body (402) and the main tong left side half body (403) are connected with the cylinder body end and the piston rod end of a hydraulic oil pump cylinder (404) through hydraulic pump cylinder fixing pin shafts (408), and the opening and closing of the main tong right side half body (402) and the main tong left side half body (403) drive the hydraulic oil pump cylinder (404) to stretch; the back-up tong comprises a back-up tong right-side half body (202) and a back-up tong left-side half body (206) which are hinged to a back-up tong moving rack (203) through pin shafts respectively, the bottoms of the back-up tong right-side half body (202) and the back-up tong left-side half body (206) are connected with the cylinder end and the piston rod end of a back-up tong opening and closing hydraulic cylinder (209) respectively, mud splash-preventing rubber plates (217) are mounted at the tops of the outer edges of the back-up tong right-side half body (202) and the back-up tong left-side half body (206), the left end and the right end of the back-up tong moving rack (203) are clamped on two rear upright columns (113) of a supporting sliding frame (110) respectively, the rear side wall of the back-up tong moving rack (203) is connected with the piston rod end of a moving hydraulic cylinder (111), and the cylinder body of the moving hydraulic cylinder (111) is fixed on a rear cross beam (114) of the supporting sliding frame (110); a coupling compensation hydraulic cylinder (112) is arranged between the back-up tong moving rack (203) and the main tong moving rack (405);

the structure of the back-up tong left-side half body (206) is symmetrical to that of the back-up tong right-side half body (202), a back-up tong clamping assembly (215) is installed in the middle of the back-up tong left-side half body (206), a semicircular back-up tong drill rod sealing plate (214) is installed on the upper end face of the back-up tong clamping assembly (215), the back-up tong drill rod sealing plate (214) is fixed on a semicircular mud upper cover plate (216) located on the upper surface of the back-up tong left-side half body (206) through bolts, the shape and opening radian of the back-up tong drill rod sealing plate (214) are matched with the outer wall of a drill rod, and a back-up tong sealing rubber strip (213) is installed on the edge of the mud upper cover plate (216) which is in contact with the back-up tong right-side half body (202); a mud groove (229) is processed between the inner wall (224) and the outer wall (225) of the back-up tong shell (218) of the back-up tong left half body (206), a mud outflow hole (226) is formed in the bottom surface of the mud groove (229), the outer side of the mud outflow hole (226) is connected with one end of a mud return pipe (211), and the other end of the mud return pipe (211) is connected with a mud circulating system; the bottom of the mud splashing prevention rubber plate (217) is connected with the outer edge of the left half body (206) of the back-up tong through a lower pressing plate (221), the top of the mud splashing prevention rubber plate (217) is connected with a top plate (219) through an upper pressing plate (220), the top plate (219) is connected with the piston rod ends of a plurality of jacking hydraulic cylinders (223), and cylinder bodies of the jacking hydraulic cylinders (223) are fixed on the outer side wall of the left half body (206) of the back-up tong through hydraulic cylinder fixing plates (222); the mud splash-proof rubber plate (217) is in a semi-circular barrel shape;

after the screwing is finished, the coupling compensation hydraulic cylinder (112) continues to lift the main tong (401) and enables the upper joint and the lower joint of the drill pipe stand to be separated by a certain distance, so that mud can flow out from the inner cavity of the upper drill pipe conveniently.

2. The continuous rotary multi-function iron roughneck of claim 1, wherein: back-up tong walking guider (205) are installed respectively to the left and right sides both ends of back-up tong removal frame (203), and back-up tong walking guider (205) include two back-up tong walking wheels that both ends were arranged about connecting the support and the back-up tong leading wheel of arranging in the support left and right sides, and back-up tong walking wheel and back-up tong leading wheel dress card are respectively installed in the guide rail of installing in two back stands (113) of support sliding frame (110).

3. The continuous rotary multi-function iron roughneck according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the back-up tong clamping assembly (215) comprises three back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinders (232) which are arranged on a fixed seat (231), a hydraulic control pipeline of each back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinder (232) is laid in an annular space between the back-up tong clamping assembly (215) and an inner wall (224) of a back-up tong shell (218) and is connected with a system external hydraulic system through a hydraulic pipeline hole (227) formed between the inner wall (224) and an outer wall (225), and the hydraulic pipeline hole (227) is isolated from a mud groove (229); the cylinder body end of each back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinder (232) is connected with a back-up tong tooth seat (236), a back-up tong tooth body (237) is installed at the front end of each back-up tong tooth seat (236), a back-up tong double-sided wedge block (233) is installed between every two adjacent back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinders (232), and back-up tong single-sided wedge blocks (234) are installed outside the other side walls of the two back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinders (232) close to the outer side; the back-up tong double-sided wedge-shaped block (233) and the back-up tong single-sided wedge-shaped block (234) are fixed between a back-up tong upper cover plate (235) and a back-up tong lower cover plate (230) through bolts, a plurality of flanges are arranged on the outer edges of the back-up tong upper cover plate (235) and the back-up tong lower cover plate (230), and the flanges are clamped in a torque-bearing groove (228) formed in the inner wall of a back-up tong shell (218); the upper surface and the lower surface of a clamping cylinder body (239) of a back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinder (232) are respectively processed with a cylinder body boss, the step surface and the side surface of the cylinder body boss are provided with back-up tong sliding blocks (238), the lower surface of a back-up tong upper cover plate (235) and the upper surface of a back-up tong lower cover plate (230) are both processed with sliding grooves, and the back-up tong clamping hydraulic cylinder (232) is installed in the sliding grooves through the cylinder body boss.

4. The continuous rotary multi-function iron roughneck of claim 3, wherein: a back-up tong left locking lug seat (210) is arranged at the front end of the back-up tong left half body (206), a swing hydraulic cylinder (207) is arranged in the back-up tong left locking lug seat (210), and the piston rod end of the swing hydraulic cylinder (207) is connected with a back-up tong locking shaft (208); the front end of the back-up tong right half body (202) is provided with a back-up tong right locking limiting plate (212), and the back-up tong right locking limiting plate (212) is provided with a locking hole which is opposite to the back-up tong locking shaft (208) and is matched with the back-up tong in shape.

5. The continuous rotary multi-function iron roughneck of claim 4, wherein: the structure of the main tong right half body (402) is symmetrical to that of the main tong left half body (403), and a semicircular rotary clamping assembly (418) is arranged in the middle of a main tong shell (417) of the main tong right half body (402); the half gear ring (422) is fixed on the outer edge of the rotary clamping assembly (418) through a bolt, the half gear ring (422) is meshed with a driving gear of a variable displacement hydraulic motor (416), and the variable displacement hydraulic motor (416) is installed at the rear part of the right half body (402) of the main tong; the top end of the rotary clamping assembly (418) is connected with the bottom of the pipe supporting mechanism (414) through a pipe supporting mechanism fixing pin shaft (424), and the inner wall of the pipe supporting mechanism (414) is provided with buffer rubber (415); a semicircular annular slurry lower cover plate (419) and a main tong drill rod sealing plate (420) are arranged at the center of the bottom of the rotary clamping assembly (418).

6. The continuous rotary multi-function iron roughneck of claim 5, wherein: the rotary clamping assembly (418) comprises three groups of main clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder assemblies (430) arranged inside a rotary clamping assembly shell (429), each main clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder assembly (430) comprises a main clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder (435), a main clamp tooth seat (434) and a main clamp tooth body (433) are arranged at the front end of each main clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder (435), bosses are machined on the upper surface and the lower surface of a cylinder body of each main clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder (435), and main clamp sliding blocks (436) are arranged on the side surfaces and the step surfaces of the bosses; a hydraulic element mounting groove (427) is formed in the outer edge of the rotary clamping assembly shell (429), a hydraulic pipeline connected with the main clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder (435) is mounted in the hydraulic element mounting groove (427), an energy accumulator (426) and a mechanical reversing valve (428) are connected to the hydraulic pipeline, a control rod of the mechanical reversing valve (428) is in contact with the control ring (412), the control ring (412) is mounted above the main clamp shell (417), a cylinder body end of the control hydraulic cylinder (421) is fixed to the control ring (412), a piston rod end of the control hydraulic cylinder (421) is fixed to the top of the main clamp shell (417), and when the piston end of the control hydraulic cylinder (421) retracts, the control ring (412) moves downwards; the top of the hydraulic element mounting groove (427) is provided with a groove body cover plate (425), and the groove body cover plate (425) is fixed on the rotary clamping assembly (418) through a bolt; a main clamp double-sided wedge block (432) is arranged between the side walls of two adjacent main clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder assemblies (430), and a main clamp single-sided wedge block (431) is arranged outside the other side wall of the two main clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder assemblies (430) close to the outer side; a position sensor (413) is mounted on the control ring (412).

7. The continuous rotary multi-function iron roughneck of claim 6, wherein: two clamping hydraulic cylinder piston rods (437) are installed on the cylinder body of the main clamp clamping hydraulic cylinder (435), and return springs (438) are installed between the clamping hydraulic cylinder piston rods (437) and the cylinder body.

8. The continuous rotary multi-function iron roughneck of claim 7, wherein: a rotating clamping assembly (418) fixing groove is formed in the inner wall of the main tong shell (417), a plurality of radial guide wheel assemblies (440) and axial guide wheel assemblies (439) are mounted in the fixing groove, and the radial guide wheel assemblies (440) and the axial guide wheel assemblies (439) are abutted to the rotating clamping assembly shell (429); the roller of the axial guide wheel assembly (439) is a cone, and the surface of the rotating clamping assembly shell (429) contacted with the roller of the axial guide wheel assembly (439) is an inclined surface matched with the roller.

9. The continuous rotary multi-function iron roughneck of claim 8, wherein: the front ends and the tail ends of the right half body (402) and the left half body (403) of the main pliers are respectively provided with a strong locking connecting mechanism with the same structure; the strong locking connection mechanism of the right half body (402) of the main tong comprises a right locking groove (409) arranged at the front end of the front side wall of the rotary clamping assembly shell (429) and a right locking shaft (441) extending out of the front side wall of the rotary clamping assembly shell (429) and positioned at the rear end of the rotary clamping assembly shell, and a left locking shaft (443) and a left locking groove are symmetrically arranged on the left half body (403) of the main tong at the opposite positions of the right locking groove (409) and the right locking shaft (441); the front end of a left locking shaft (443) is processed with a pawl (449) matched with the shape of a right locking groove (409), the left locking shaft (443) is fixed in a bearing seat (442) on the inner wall of a left rotary clamping assembly shell (450), the tail end surface of the left locking shaft (443) is processed with a shifting block (447) eccentrically arranged with the axis of the left locking shaft (443), the shifting block (447) is clamped in a vertical shifting block sliding groove (453) on the side wall of a driving block (446), the top of the driving block (446) is convexly arranged in a driving block sliding groove (452) on the bottom surface of a guide block (451), the guide block (451) is fixed on two side walls of a hydraulic element mounting groove (427) of the left rotary clamping assembly shell (450), a blind hole is formed in the middle of one end of the driving block (446), the top end of the blind hole is fixed with one end of a strong spring (448), the other end of the strong spring (448) extends out to be fixed on the inner wall of the left rotary clamping assembly shell (450), a connecting block (446) coaxial with the other end of a short shaft (444), the main clamping assembly shell (410) is arranged on a front clamp seat (410), and the front clamp holder (410).

10. The continuous rotary multi-function iron roughneck of claim 9, wherein: the main tong moving frame comprises a main tong moving frame (405), a main tong moving guide device (406) is arranged at the left end and the right end of the main tong moving frame (405) respectively, and comprises a main tong moving wheel and a main tong guide wheel which are connected with the left side wall and the right side wall of the main tong moving frame (405) through a connecting support, and the main tong moving wheel and the main tong guide wheel are respectively clamped in guide rails arranged on the opposite surfaces of two rear upright posts (113) of a supporting sliding frame (110).

11. The continuous rotary multi-function iron roughneck of claim 10, wherein: half ring gear (422) are connected with encoder (411), and encoder (411) are installed in the encoder guard shield, and the encoder guard shield is fixed on the outer wall of main tong casing (417).