CN113549803A - Low-neutron-absorption ZrTiNbAlV refractory casting high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Low-neutron-absorption ZrTiNbAlV refractory casting high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113549803A
CN113549803A CN202110735016.7A CN202110735016A CN113549803A CN 113549803 A CN113549803 A CN 113549803A CN 202110735016 A CN202110735016 A CN 202110735016A CN 113549803 A CN113549803 A CN 113549803A
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alloy
target
entropy alloy
zrtinbalv
neutron absorption
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张中武
马亚玺
张洋
郁永政
杜康
黄涛
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Harbin Engineering University
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Harbin Engineering University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C30/00Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C16/00Alloys based on zirconium

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Abstract

The invention provides a low neutron absorption ZrTiNbAlV refractory casting high-entropy alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein selected elements of the high-entropy alloy have low neutron absorption cross sections: zr-0.185 target, Ti-6.09 target, Nb-1.15 target, Al-0.231 target, V-5.08 target; the expression of the alloy is ZraTibNbcAldVeIn the alloy expression, a, b, c, d and e respectively represent the atomic percentage of each element, and the following conditions are satisfied: 20-40 at.%, 20-35 at.%, 10-30 at.%, 2-25 at.%, and 100 as a + b + c + d + e. The preparation method is simple, the alloy can be subjected to casting operation after being smelted, and the heat treatment after casting can be used or not. The process has strong controllability and is easy to realize industrial production.

Description

Low-neutron-absorption ZrTiNbAlV refractory casting high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a refractory casting high-entropy alloy with a low neutron absorption cross section and excellent mechanical properties and a preparation method thereof, belongs to the technical field of metal materials, and is mainly applied to nuclear reaction components.
Background
The traditional alloy generally takes one or two elements as main components, and other trace elements are added to obtain the requirements of certain specific properties, but according to Gibbs Phase Rule, the excessive addition of the alloy element types can generate intermetallic compounds in the alloy, once brittle compounds are generated, the alloy properties can be seriously affected, and the alloy properties are reduced. Therefore, in the conventional design concept, when certain excellent properties can be achieved, the kinds of alloying elements should be reduced as much as possible.
For high entropy alloys, the concept of composition design is quite different from that of traditional alloy design. The high-entropy alloy contains at least 5 elements, and the content of each element is 5-35% (at.%), namely, the main and secondary elements, solvent and solute are not among the elements. Although the type and content of elements do not follow Gibbs phase fraction when the alloy is designed, the resulting high entropy alloy does not have an excessive number of phases and harmful intermetallic compounds. And due to the high entropy effect, the lattice distortion effect, the delayed diffusion effect and the cocktail effect of the high-entropy alloy, the alloy shows excellent mechanical property, good wear resistance, high-temperature oxidation resistance, high-temperature creep resistance, corrosion resistance, good magnetoelectric property, high resistivity and the like. By combining the above, the high-entropy alloy has better application prospect, and the flexible design idea greatly widens the field of engineering materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a refractory high-entropy alloy with a low neutron absorption cross section and excellent mechanical properties, which has great application potential in the field of metal materials and a preparation method of the refractory high-entropy alloy, aiming at solving the problems that the existing high-entropy alloy cannot have a low neutron absorption cross section and excellent mechanical properties and simultaneously solves the problem that the alloy cannot be directly cast or has poor casting performance and the structure of the alloy must be strengthened by deformation control.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a refractory casting high-entropy alloy with a low neutron absorption cross section and excellent mechanical properties and a preparation method thereof, wherein the expression of the refractory high-entropy alloy is ZraTibNbcAldVeIn the alloy expression, a, b, c, d and e respectively represent the atomic percentage of each element, and the following conditions are satisfied: 30-40 at.%, 20-35 at.%, 10-30 at.%, 2-25 at.%, and 100 as a + b + c + d + e.
The refractory high-entropy alloy comprises the following components:
the basis of component design is as follows: saad Sheikh proposes a new method to optimize the intrinsic plasticity of RHEAs by controlling the Valence Electron Concentration (VEC), BCC refractory high entropy alloys consisting of metals of transition groups iv, v and vi are plastic when VEC is less than 4.5 and brittle when VEC is greater than 4.6. In order to obtain refractory high-entropy alloy with low neutron absorption cross section and excellent mechanical property, Zr, Ti, Nb, Al and V are selected as matrix phase elements, wherein the neutron absorption cross section among the Zr, Nb and Al is low, the strength and plasticity of the alloy are improved by adding the Ti element, and the stacking fault energy is reduced by adding the V element, so that the plasticity is improved. Because the content is close, the alloy shows higher mixing entropy, and the effect of mixing enthalpy among elements is inhibited; the valence electron numbers of the elements are small, the VEC can be less than 4.5 by adjusting the distribution ratio, and the obtained high-entropy alloy has certain plasticity.
The invention relates to a refractory casting high-entropy alloy with a low neutron absorption cross section and excellent mechanical properties and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the raw materials are prepared according to the components and the mol percentage of the ZrTiNbAlV high-entropy alloy, and the components and the mol percentage thereof are as follows: 30-40 at.% Zr, 20-35 at.% Ti, 15-30 at.% Nb, 2-25 at.% Al and 2-25 at.% V.
Step two: the alloy raw materials are sequentially subjected to mixing melting, refining and casting molding under the protection of vacuum or inert gas.
Step three: the mixed melting and refining mode is thatVacuum degree lower than 10-1Pa or smelting for 2-20 minutes under the protection of inert gas, and utilizing electromagnetic stirring or mechanical stirring in the smelting process.
Step four: the melt casting temperature is above 100 ℃ of the alloy liquid phase line.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: (1) the invention provides a refractory high-entropy alloy with a low neutron absorption cross section and excellent mechanical properties. The neutron absorption cross section of the refractory high-entropy alloy is 2.0-3.0 targets, the yield strength is 850MPa, the tensile strength is 900MPa, and the elongation is 16% in an as-cast state. (2) The preparation method of the refractory casting high-entropy alloy is simple, and the alloy can be subjected to casting operation after being smelted, and can be subjected to heat treatment after casting or not. The process has strong controllability and is easy to realize industrial production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an example XRD plot;
FIG. 2 is a tensile engineering stress-strain curve of an example.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, the numerical values set forth in these examples do not limit the scope of the invention. Techniques, methods known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
Selecting metal zirconium, metal titanium, metal niobium, metal aluminum and metal vanadium, wherein the high-entropy alloy comprises the following components (atom percentage): 35.0 Zr, 30.0 Ti, 20.0 Nb, 10.0 Al, 5.0V.
Smelting into an ingot by vacuum arc induction smelting; smelting is carried out in the protection of argon, and a magnetic stirring technology is utilized to uniformly mix the metal solution in the smelting process; and then the cast ingot is suction cast into a rod shape under the protection of argon.
The neutron absorption cross section of the example is 2.0308 target, the average hardness in the as-cast condition is 360HV, the yield strength is 850MPa, the tensile strength is 900MPa, and the elongation is 16%.
FIG. 1 shows Zr35Ti30Nb20Al10V5An XRD pattern of the high-entropy alloy in an as-cast state shows that the alloy is in a BCC structure; FIG. 2 shows example Zr35Ti30Nb20Al10V5The high-entropy alloy is stretched under an as-cast condition to form a stress-strain curve.
The elements selected by the design of the invention all have lower neutron absorption cross sections, and because the valence electron concentration of each element is lower, according to an idea proposed by Saad Sheikh, when VEC is less than 4.5, the refractory high-entropy alloy composed of metals in IV, V and VI families has plasticity, and when VEC is more than 4.6, the refractory high-entropy alloy has brittleness, and the VEC is less than 4.5 by adjusting the element proportion, so that the refractory high-entropy alloy with plasticity is obtained.
The refractory high-entropy alloy has yield strength of 850MPa, tensile strength of 900MPa, elongation of 16% and excellent comprehensive mechanical properties in an as-cast state. The materials used for the nuclear reactor primary loop comprise nickel-based high-temperature alloy, stainless steel, vanadium alloy and the like. The nickel-based high-temperature alloy shows excellent radiation resistance and corrosion resistance, but mechanical properties at room temperature need to be improved, taking classical GH169 as an example, the yield strength of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy at room temperature is lower, the yield strength is-550 MPa, the tensile strength is-965 MPa, the elongation is-30%, but the neutron absorption cross section is-3.541 target, the neutron absorption interface of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy is 2.0-3.0 target and is lower than GH169 nickel-based alloy-75%, and the nuclear reaction efficiency can be improved in application. For 316 and 316L stainless steel which is widely applied, the mechanical property is lower than that of the invention, the yield strength is 310MPa at room temperature, the tensile strength is 620MPa, the elongation is 30 percent, the neutron absorption cross section is 3.0 target which is higher than 43 percent of the high-entropy alloy of the invention, and the mechanical property at room temperature is far lower than that of the high-entropy alloy of the invention. Meanwhile, the above alloys are all in a deformed state, and it is difficult to directly prepare a member by casting.
A low neutron absorption ZrTiNbAlV refractory casting high-entropy alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein selected elements of the high-entropy alloy have low neutron absorption cross sections: zr-0.185 target, Ti-6.09 target, Nb-1.15 target, Al-0.231 target, V-5.08 target. The expression of the alloy is ZraTibNbcAldVeIn the alloy expression, a, b, c, d and e respectively represent the atomic percentage of each element, and the following conditions are satisfied: 20-40 at.%, 20-35 at.%, 10-30 at.%, 2-25 at.%, and 100 as a + b + c + d + e. The method comprises the following steps: the alloy raw materials are sequentially subjected to mixing melting, refining and casting molding under the protection of vacuum or inert gas. Wherein the mixing, melting and refining mode is that the vacuum degree is lower than 10-1Pa or smelting for 2-20 minutes under the protection of inert gas, and utilizing electromagnetic stirring or mechanical stirring in the smelting process. Wherein the melt casting temperature is above 100 ℃ of the alloy liquid phase line.
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy materials and preparation thereof, and particularly relates to a low neutron absorption ZrTiNbAlV refractory cast high-entropy alloy and a preparation method thereof, which are characterized in that selected elements have low neutron absorption cross sections: zr-0.185 target, Ti-6.09 target, Nb-1.15 target, Al-0.231 target, V-5.08 target. The expression of the high-entropy alloy is ZraTibNbcAldVeIn the alloy expression, a, b, c, d and e respectively represent the atomic percentage of each element, and the following conditions are satisfied: 20-40 at.%, 20-35 at.%, 10-30 at.%, 2-25 at.%, and 2-25 at.%, a + b + c + d + e 100. The preparation method of the refractory high-entropy alloy comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing raw materials according to components and mole percentage; smelting in a vacuum induction or vacuum arc smelting furnace and directly casting into a casting, and casting under the protection of inert gas. The Valence Electron Concentration (VEC) is less than 4.5 by optimally designing the element proportion. The alloy has yield strength of 850MPa, tensile strength of 900MPa, elongation of 16% and neutron absorption cross section of 2.0-3.0 target in an as-cast state. The alloy has considerable strength and plasticity, is a castable alloy, can be directly cast into a casting, and has wide application prospect in the key high-tech fields of nuclear power and the like.

Claims (2)

1. A low neutron absorption ZrTiNbAlV refractory cast high entropy alloy, characterized in that the elements selected from the high entropy alloy have a low neutron absorption cross section: zr-0.185 target, Ti-6.09 target, Nb-1.15 target, Al-0.231 target, V-5.08 target; the expression of the alloy is ZraTibNbcAldVeIn the alloy expression, a, b, c, d and e respectively represent the atomic percentage of each element, and the following conditions are satisfied: 20-40 at.%, 20-35 at.%, 10-30 at.%, 2-25 at.%, and 100 as a + b + c + d + e.
2. The preparation method of the low neutron absorption ZrTiNbAlV refractory cast high-entropy alloy according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the raw materials are prepared according to the components and the mol percentage of the ZrTiNbAlV high-entropy alloy, and the components and the mol percentage thereof are as follows: 30-40 at.% Zr, 20-35 at.% Ti, 15-30 at.% Nb, 2-25 at.% Al, and 2-25 at.% V;
step two: sequentially carrying out mixing melting, refining and casting molding on alloy raw materials under the protection of vacuum or inert gas;
step three: the mixed melting and refining mode is that the vacuum degree is lower than 10-1Smelting for 2-20 minutes under the protection of Pa or inert gas, and utilizing electromagnetic stirring in the smelting processStirring or mechanically stirring;
step four: the melt casting temperature is above 100 ℃ of the alloy liquid phase line.
CN202110735016.7A 2021-06-30 2021-06-30 Low-neutron-absorption ZrTiNbAlV refractory casting high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof Pending CN113549803A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115595488A (en) * 2022-10-20 2023-01-13 上海大学(Cn) Low-density medium-entropy alloy with low neutron absorption and preparation method and application thereof
CZ309673B6 (en) * 2022-10-05 2023-07-05 Univerzita Karlova High-entropy radiation-resistant alloy and processing it

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20160130660A (en) * 2015-05-04 2016-11-14 한국과학기술연구원 Bcc alloys with strong resistance against high temperature neutron irradiation damage
CN107419154A (en) * 2017-07-24 2017-12-01 北京科技大学 One kind has hyperelastic TiZrHfNbAl high-entropy alloys and preparation method thereof
CN108220742A (en) * 2018-03-14 2018-06-29 北京理工大学 A kind of microalloying Ti-Zr-Hf-V-Nb-Ta infusibility high-entropy alloys and preparation method thereof
CN110714154A (en) * 2019-10-15 2020-01-21 哈尔滨工程大学 ZrTiHfNbTa high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof
CN112708817A (en) * 2020-12-21 2021-04-27 重庆大学 High-plasticity low-neutron absorption cross-section refractory high-entropy alloy material and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20160130660A (en) * 2015-05-04 2016-11-14 한국과학기술연구원 Bcc alloys with strong resistance against high temperature neutron irradiation damage
CN107419154A (en) * 2017-07-24 2017-12-01 北京科技大学 One kind has hyperelastic TiZrHfNbAl high-entropy alloys and preparation method thereof
CN108220742A (en) * 2018-03-14 2018-06-29 北京理工大学 A kind of microalloying Ti-Zr-Hf-V-Nb-Ta infusibility high-entropy alloys and preparation method thereof
CN110714154A (en) * 2019-10-15 2020-01-21 哈尔滨工程大学 ZrTiHfNbTa high-entropy alloy and preparation method thereof
CN112708817A (en) * 2020-12-21 2021-04-27 重庆大学 High-plasticity low-neutron absorption cross-section refractory high-entropy alloy material and preparation method thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CZ309673B6 (en) * 2022-10-05 2023-07-05 Univerzita Karlova High-entropy radiation-resistant alloy and processing it
CN115595488A (en) * 2022-10-20 2023-01-13 上海大学(Cn) Low-density medium-entropy alloy with low neutron absorption and preparation method and application thereof
CN115595488B (en) * 2022-10-20 2023-09-29 上海大学 Low-neutron-absorption low-density medium-entropy alloy and preparation method and application thereof

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