CN1135489C - 传送曲奇信息的方法和系统 - Google Patents

传送曲奇信息的方法和系统 Download PDF

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CN1135489C
CN1135489C CNB998073113A CN99807311A CN1135489C CN 1135489 C CN1135489 C CN 1135489C CN B998073113 A CNB998073113 A CN B998073113A CN 99807311 A CN99807311 A CN 99807311A CN 1135489 C CN1135489 C CN 1135489C
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M·尼尔松
F·安德松
S·托尔斯滕松
M·贝里伦德
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Abstract

在一个传输系统中，代理服务器(66)位于用户终端(52)和服务器(70)之间。该代理服务器有用来截取和保存从服务器(70)向用户终端(52)传送曲奇的装置。当用户终端(52)联系服务器(70)并且服务器(70)传送曲奇至用户终端(52)时，曲奇在代理服务器(66)中被截取和保存。有关远端服务器的信息，如它的URL和标识用户终端(52)的标识与曲奇保存在一起。下一次用户终端(52)访问同一服务器(70)时，代理服务器(66)匹配被请求的URL和标识信息，并在这种方式下找到被保存的曲奇。然后该曲奇被加到请求消息中，这样用所希望的曲奇的备份访问服务器(70)。在这种方式下，该曲奇不需要保存在用户终端(52)中，这些用户终端可能只有少量内存并因此不适合保存曲奇。而且，当用户终端(52)是移动终端时，曲奇不通过空气介质传送，从而大大降低了被窃听的危险。

Description

传送曲奇信息的方法和系统
本发明涉及在客户和服务器之间传送曲奇信息的一种方法和系统。特别是本发明涉及只有少量内存的终端用户或客户，以及涉及客户通过有限带宽的信道与服务器通信的系统。
在当今的互联网应用中，越来越频繁地使用所谓的曲奇。
曲奇是由网景公司开发的一种机制，用来弥补超文本传输协议(HTTP)的无状态属性。一般地，某个浏览器每次从网络服务器请求某一页的URL，该请求作为一个全新的交互动作来对待。当用户系统地浏览该站点时，该请求可能是一系列请求中最新的，这一事实被丢失。尽管这使得网页更有效率，但这种无状态的行为使得它很难生成必须记住在一段时间内的用户动作的类似购物推车这样的东西。
曲奇解决了这样的问题。曲奇是不多的短会话标识符的一小块信息，当浏览器第一次连接时，HTTP服务器将曲奇发送至浏览器。曲奇包括一个短指令，它后面跟随最多4k字节的数据域。其后，每次浏览器连接至发布曲奇的服务器时，它返回该曲奇的备份至服务器。
一般地，服务器使用曲奇来记住用户并保持跨越多页的会话影像。因为曲奇不是标准HTTP标准中的部分，只有一些浏览器支持它们，如微软IE3.0和更高版本，网景Navigator2.0和更高版本。为了利用曲奇，服务器和/或它的CGI脚本必须知道曲奇。
曲奇不能用来窃取计算机系统的信息，比如他们不能进入计算机系统并从中返回信息。他们只能用来保存在某位置提供的信息。这样，例如，如果某人填表给出喜欢的色彩，服务器能将该信息变成曲奇并将它发送至使用的浏览器。下次浏览器接触该站点时，浏览器将返回曲奇，容许服务器改变它的网页的背景颜色来适合用户的喜好。
然而，包含在曲奇中的信息当在互联网上传递时当然能被截取。当信息在有线网络传送时或信息为如色彩喜好之类无害的信息时，这可能不会发生什么大问题。
在有些情况下，包含在曲奇中的信息是保密的，而且有时可能要通过无线网络传递，例如当终端用户使用移动终端，诸如膝上计算机或经调制解调器通过无线网络通信的任何其它计算机。在这种情况下，保密信息能十分容易地被偷听，因为该信息至少部分地通过空气介质传送，这里它能被一些不同的设备窃取。
还有一个问题与从不同站点传送曲奇有关，因为该站点不能判定曲奇发送至的用户终端是否能接收或保存该曲奇。因此，例如在一些手持用户终端，内存很有限，如果许多站点传送曲奇至这样的用户终端，这样的一个终端的内存将很快地被曲奇充满，而其它更重要的信息不能被保存。
本发明的目的之一是克服传送曲奇至只有十分有限内存的用户终端有关的问题，同时降低曲奇信息如上描述一样被偷听的风险。
该目的和其它目的能通过在终端用户和远端服务器之间设置一个代理服务器来实现，该代理服务器能截取并保存从远端服务器传送至终端用户的曲奇。
这样，当远端HTTP服务器或其它之类的服务器被终端用户联系，并且远端服务器传送曲奇至用户终端，该曲奇被截取并保存在代理服务器中。有关远端服务器的信息，如它的URL和标识用户终端或用户的一个标识与曲奇保存在一起。下次用户终端或用户访问同一HTTP服务器时，代理服务器匹配被请求的URL和标识信息，并在这种方式下找到保存的曲奇。然后该曲奇被加到请求信息中，这样用所希望的曲奇备份访问远端服务器。
在这种方式下，曲奇不需要保存在用户终端中，该终端可能只有很少的内存，因此不适合保存曲奇。而且，当用户终端是移动终端时，曲奇不是通过空气介质传送，因此大大减少了通过空气介质传送的数据量。
现在通过没有限制的实例并参考附图进一步描述本发明，其中：
图1是包括一个移动终端的传送系统的总体视图。
图2是一个流程图，它解释当从用户终端接收一个URL请求时在代理服务器中执行的步骤。
图1中示出了一个通信网络的总体视图。该网络包括有网络浏览器54的用户终端52。用户终端52也包括一无线调制解调器58，使用调制解调器58用户终端52能连接至无线基站60。无线基站60连接至位于传送系统的中间位置的远端代理服务器66，例如，如果该系统为GSM系统时的主位置寄存器(HLR)。代理服务器66包括或连接至保存有关曲奇的信息的存储器72，该曲奇通过代理服务器66传送。代理服务器66连接至万维网(WWW)或与数个远端服务器70连接的互联网68。
代理服务器66也能位于系统中的其它位置或分布在系统中。例如，如果该传送系统为GSM系统，曲奇信息能被保存在访问点寄存器(VLR)或者甚至共处在无线基站中。
在GSM系统的优先实施例中，代理服务器66与HLR在一起，VLR以及可能还有一些无线基站提供缓存曲奇信息的缓存服务器。当然相似的安排也可用于其它的无线移动系统。
当用户终端52第一次访问在这样的远端服务器70中的站点时，可以传送一曲奇返回用户终端52。如同上面描述一样，曲奇是不多的短会话标示符的一小块信息，HTTP服务器发送曲奇至浏览器并可以包含至多4K字节的信息。
该曲奇被代理服务器66截取，代理服务器66保存曲奇以及与发出该曲奇的URL和标识用户终端52的标识有关的信息。然后该曲奇将不通过无线网络传送，这些无线网络通常只有很小的带宽一般为4.8K字节/秒，这会降低传送时间。而且，将不再需要将曲奇保存在用户终端52中，该用户终端52可以是手持计算机如由爱立信公司生产的MC-16，或只有有限内存的智能电话。
下一次用户终端52访问发出该曲奇的同一站点时，代理服务器66将识别用户终端52，并检查用户正在访问哪一个站点或统一资源定位器(URL)。如果该站点先前访问过，代理服务器将能够匹配URL的标志，从而找到与那个特定的URL相关的曲奇。
然后，代理服务器66将该曲奇加到自用户终端向服务器70的请求中。接着远端服务器70与曲奇一起将接收一个连接请求，好像曲奇已经从浏览器本身返回。在这种方式下，数据通过无线方式流通，减低了访问路径的低位率部分，并且能降低用户终端52上的内存要求。
图2示出了当接收到从用户终端向与互联网连接的远端服务器70的连接请求，在远端代理服务器中执行的动作的流程图。因此，首先，在块201中，接收自用户终端52的请求。然后，在块203中，用户要访问的URL从该请求中读取。接着，在块205中，决定用户终端或用户的标识。
然后在块203和205中执行的动作结果用在207中，来决定URL是否先前已被特殊的用户终端请求过或访问过。因此，在207中，检查是否有保存在内存72中的曲奇，该曲奇与特殊的URL和特殊的标识有关。
如果匹配，例如服务器前面已经保存用于对应特殊URL的特殊用户的曲奇，该曲奇被加到块209中的请求中，然后该请求转发至被请求的URL位于其中的远端服务器。另一方面，如果在块207中不能匹配，例如，特殊URL被特殊用户第一次访问，该请求直接转发至块211中的服务器70。
因此，通过在代理服务器中保存曲奇信息，该曲奇不需要保存在用户终端中，在很多情况下，这些用户终端只有少量内存并且因此不适宜保存曲奇。而且，当用户终端是移动终端时，曲奇不通过空气介质传送，从而大大减少了传输的数据量。同时，通过这里描述的方法和系统降低了数据被截取的风险。

Claims (12)

1.一种通信系统，带有包含浏览器的无线用户终端，用于连接至远端服务器，其特征是：
一个代理服务器，连接在无线用户终端和远程服务器之间，响应无线用户终端向远程服务器发送的第一请求，截取和保存自远端服务器向用户终端传送的指向该无线终端的曲奇，使得该曲奇不被发送至该无线用户终端，
代理服务器进一步适于将存储的曲奇加入从无线用户终端传送至有远程服务器的任何以后的请求中。
2.根据权利要求1的系统，其特征是：代理服务器用来保存曲奇，以及有关用户终端标识的信息，或有关用户的信息和发出曲奇的URL有关的信息。
3.根据权利要求1或2的系统，当用户终端和远端服务器至少部分地经无线系统通过无线连接通信，其特征是：代理服务器与无线系统的无线基站连接。
4.根据权利要求3的系统，其特征是：代理服务器共存于无线系统的的中央寄存器。
5.根据权利要求4的系统，其特征是：该曲奇被缓存于该系统的其它位置。
6.根据权利要求4或5的系统，当无线系统是GSM系统时，其特征是：代理服务器共存于GSM系统的主位置寄存器(HLR)。
7.一种带有包含浏览器的用户终端的系统中传输曲奇的方法，它能通过在用户终端和远端服务器之间互连的代理服务器与远端服务器连接，其特征是：
连接在无线用户终端和远程服务器之间的代理服务器响应无线用户终端向远程服务器发送的第一请求，截取和保存自远端服务器向用户终端传送的指向该无线终端的曲奇，使得该曲奇不被发送至该无线用户终端，
代理服务器将存储的曲奇加入从无线用户终端传送至有远程服务器的任何以后的请求中。
8.根据权利要求7的方法，其特征是：代理服务器用来保存曲奇，以及有关用户终端标识的信息，或有关用户的信息和发出曲奇的URL有关的信息。
9.根据权利要求7或8的方法，当用户终端和远端服务器至少部分地经无线系统通过无线连接通信，其特征是：代理服务器通过与无线系统的无线基站的高位率连接进行通信。
10.根据权利要求9的方法，其特征是：代理服务器共存于无线系统的的中央寄存器。
11.根据权利要求10的方法，其特征是：该曲奇被缓存于该系统的其它位置。
12.根据权利要求10或11的方法，当无线系统是GSM系统时，其特征是：代理服务器共存于GSM系统的主位置寄存器(HLR)。
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AU4811499A (en) 1999-12-30
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EP1086434A1 (en) 2001-03-28
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