CN113546516B - Boiler CO 2 Collection method - Google Patents

Boiler CO 2 Collection method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113546516B
CN113546516B CN202111034018.XA CN202111034018A CN113546516B CN 113546516 B CN113546516 B CN 113546516B CN 202111034018 A CN202111034018 A CN 202111034018A CN 113546516 B CN113546516 B CN 113546516B
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China
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pipe
gas
oxidation
boiler
recovery tower
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CN202111034018.XA
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CN113546516A (en
Inventor
李素芳
杨蕾
李勇
李刚
代巍
王禹哲
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Zhengzhou University Environment Technology Consultation Engineering Co ltd
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Zhengzhou University Environment Technology Consultation Engineering Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81Solid phase processes
    • B01D53/82Solid phase processes with stationary reactants
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/02Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
    • B01D46/023Pockets filters, i.e. multiple bag filters mounted on a common frame
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/56Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/565Nitrogen oxides by treating the gases with solids
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/62Carbon oxides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/50Carbon dioxide
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J11/00Devices for conducting smoke or fumes, e.g. flues 
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/025Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00Reactants
    • B01D2251/10Oxidants
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/151Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2

Abstract

The invention discloses CO for a boiler 2 The collecting method comprises a boiler exhaust pipe, wherein the boiler exhaust pipe is connected with an oxidation pipe, a CuO powder layer is arranged in the oxidation pipe, the tail end of the oxidation pipe is connected with a flue gas pipe, the other end of the flue gas pipe is connected with a bag type dust collector, the gas outlet end of the bag type dust collector is connected with a recovery tower, the recovery tower is connected with a refrigerator, and a gas outlet at the upper end of the recovery tower is connected with a waste gas collecting device 2 、NO 2 Cooling the gas after oxidation, introducing the gas into a dust removal device to remove most of particulate matters in the gas, introducing the gas into a low-temperature recovery tower after the gas is treated by the dust removal device, performing low-temperature fractionation on the gas according to different physical and chemical properties of the gas, and separating NO in the gas 2 ,SO 2 And (6) removing and collecting. End pair CO with small amount of particulate matter 2 The gas is collected, sealed and stored for comprehensive utilization, and the purpose of reducing carbon emission is achieved.

Description

Boiler CO 2 Collection method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of boiler flue gas treatment, in particular to boiler CO 2 And (4) a collection method.
Background
CO 2 The global warming is caused by the large amount of emission, the greenhouse effect is increased, and the carbon dioxide emission control is more and more emphasized in countries in the world due to frequent extreme weather. The target of 'carbon peak reaching' in 2030 and 'carbon neutralization' in 2060 are the solemn and strict promises made by China to the international society. Gas-fired boilers are common industrial equipment and produce large amounts of CO during combustion 2 Gas and containing SO from soot 2 And NO compounds, the direct discharge not only causes harm to the environment, but also causes resource waste, so that the demand for finding a CO compound is urgent 2 A collecting device for collecting CO in the boiler tail gas 2 The absorption is collected to reduce carbon emission.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a boiler CO 2 Collecting CO in boiler tail gas 2 Absorbing and collecting to reduce carbon emission.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
boiler CO 2 The collecting method comprises the steps that a collecting device is adopted for collection, the collecting device comprises a boiler exhaust pipe, the boiler exhaust pipe is connected with an oxidation pipe, a CuO powder layer is arranged in the oxidation pipe, the tail end of the oxidation pipe is connected with a flue gas pipe, the other end of the flue gas pipe is connected with a bag type dust collector, the gas outlet end of the bag type dust collector is connected with a recovery tower, the recovery tower is connected with a refrigerator, and the gas outlet at the upper end of the recovery tower is connected with a waste gas collecting device;
the collecting method comprises heating the pipeline of the oxidation pipe by using the waste heat of the boiler, controlling the temperature of the recovery tower at-20 ℃ by using a refrigerator, and collecting NO at the normal pressure of-20 DEG C 2 Is in solid stateBottom of the tower, SO 2 Is liquid in the middle layer, CO 2 Mixing with a small amount of particulate matter to obtain a gas state at the uppermost layer of the recovery tower, and separating heavy phase NO in the recovery tower 2 And SO 2 Collecting light phase CO through a solid-liquid outlet at the lower part 2 And introducing the mixed gas with a small amount of particles into a waste gas collecting device.
The further technical scheme is that the oxidation pipes comprise a plurality of oxidation pipes which are sequentially connected end to end, and the oxidation pipe at the tail end is connected with the flue gas pipe.
A further technical scheme is that a circulating cooling pool is arranged between the oxidation pipe and the bag type dust collector, and the flue gas pipe penetrates through the circulating cooling pool.
The further technical scheme is that the size of the oxidation pipe is larger than that of the boiler exhaust pipe, and the oxidation pipe is connected with the boiler exhaust pipe through a connecting pipe with the caliber gradually reduced.
The CuO powder layer comprises a honeycomb plate arranged in the oxidation pipe, and the honeycomb holes of the honeycomb plate are filled with the CuO powder.
According to a further technical scheme, an installation plate is arranged on the inner wall of the oxidation pipe, a connection plate matched with the installation plate is arranged at the edge of the honeycomb plate, and the installation plate is in threaded connection with the connection plate.
According to a further technical scheme, a filter plate is arranged above the refrigerator in the recovery tower, adsorption fins are arranged at the lower end of the filter plate, and a solid-liquid outlet is formed at the lower end of the recovery tower.
The further technical proposal is that the refrigerator adopts R134a environment-friendly refrigerant.
The invention has the following advantages:
by arranging the oxidation section, CO and NO in gas are oxidized into CO with more stable properties by CuO and flue gas waste heat 2 、NO 2 Cooling the gas after oxidation, introducing the gas into a dust removal device to remove most of particulate matters in the gas, introducing the gas into a low-temperature recovery tower after treatment by the dust removal device, and recovering the gas according to the gasThe physical and chemical properties are different, the gas is fractionated at low temperature to remove NO in the gas 2 ,SO 2 And (6) removing and collecting. End pair CO with small amount of particulate matter 2 The gas is collected, sealed and stored for comprehensive utilization, and the purpose of reducing carbon emission is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a honeycomb panel.
In the figure, 1-boiler exhaust pipe, 2-oxidation pipe, 3-CuO powder layer, 4-flue gas pipe, 5-bag type dust remover, 6-recovery tower, 7-refrigerator, 8-waste gas collecting device, 9-circulating cooling pool, 10-connecting pipe, 11-honeycomb plate, 12-connecting plate, 13-filtering plate, 14-adsorption fin and 15-solid-liquid outlet.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In addition, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention conventionally lay out when in use, or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, which are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, one embodiment of the present invention is:
boiler CO 2 The collecting method comprises the steps of collecting by adopting a collecting device, wherein the collecting device comprises a boiler exhaust pipe 1, the boiler exhaust pipe 1 is connected with an oxidation pipe 2, a CuO powder layer 3 is arranged in the oxidation pipe 2, the tail end of the oxidation pipe 2 is connected with a flue gas pipe 4, the other end of the flue gas pipe 4 is connected with a bag type dust collector 5, the gas outlet end of the bag type dust collector 5 is connected with a recovery tower 6, the recovery tower 6 is connected with a refrigerator 7, and the gas outlet at the upper end of the recovery tower 6 is connected with a waste gas collecting device 8.
The exhaust gas generated by the gas boiler mainly consists of NOx and SO 2 Particulate matter, CO 2 And (4) forming. Wherein NOx and SO 2 The particulate matter is atmospheric pollutants, and this application is provided with several layers of CuO powder layers 3 through end connection oxidation pipe 2 at boiler exhaust pipe 1 in the pipeline, and the exhaust temperature of boiler flue gas generally is 120 ℃ to 350 ℃, and make full use of boiler waste heat heats the pipeline of oxidation pipe, and CO is oxidized to CO in this in-process 2 NOx is unstable and can be converted into NO and NO by light and heat 2 In the case of a gas which reacts well with CuO, NO will also be completely oxidized to NO 2 Thereby forming CO 2 、NO 2 、SO 2 And the mixed gas and the particulate matters are introduced into a bag type dust collector for further dust removal to remove particulate matters and dust, and then low-temperature fractionation is carried out through a recovery tower 6, the temperature of the recovery tower is controlled within a low-temperature range of-20 ℃ by adopting a refrigerator, and the mixed gas enters the recovery tower and is treated according to NO 2 And SO 2 The physicochemical properties of (A) are shown as SO 2 Has a boiling point of-10 ℃ and NO 2 The melting point of (b) was-11.2 ℃. NO at the above-mentioned conditions of normal pressure-20 deg.C 2 In the solid state at the bottom of the column, SO 2 Is liquid in the middle layer, CO 2 Mixing with a small amount of particulate matter to obtain a gas state at the uppermost layer of the recovery tower, and separating heavy phase NO in the recovery tower 2 And SO 2 Collecting via solid-liquid outlet at the lower part, selling or delivering to qualified unit for treatment, and collecting light-phase CO 2 Introducing the mixed gas with a small amount of particles into a waste gas collecting device, collecting the waste gas into a closed container, and collecting the collected CO 2 For comprehensive utilization, e.g. of CO 2 The fire extinguisher can be used as food additive after deep processing, so as to reduce the carbon emission.
The oxidation pipe 2 comprises a plurality of oxidation pipes 2 which are sequentially connected end to end, and the oxidation pipe 2 at the tail end is connected with the flue gas pipe 4.
The CuO powder layer can block part of dust particles, the air flow is not smooth, and a plurality of oxidation tubes 2 are sequentially connected end to end so as to conveniently and periodically replace the CuO powder layer 3 of the pipeline, ensure the air flow and generally ensure the oxidation effect.
A circulating cooling pool 9 is arranged between the oxidation pipe 2 and the bag type dust collector 5, and the flue gas pipe 4 penetrates through the circulating cooling pool 9.
The gas temperature is probably higher behind the oxidation workshop section to avoid causing the damage to the bag collector, wear to establish flue gas pipe 4 and cool down in the circulative cooling pond, can reduce the gaseous initial temperature that gets into in the recovery tower simultaneously, and then improve recovery efficiency.
The size of the oxidation pipe 2 is larger than that of the boiler exhaust pipe 1, and the oxidation pipe 2 is connected with the boiler exhaust pipe 4 through a connecting pipe 10 with the caliber gradually reduced.
The size of the oxidation pipe 2 is larger than that of the boiler exhaust pipe 1, so that the speed of boiler flue gas entering the oxidation pipe is reduced, CO and NOx in the flue gas can fully contact and react with CuO powder of the oxidation pipe, and the full reaction is ensured.
The CuO powder layer 3 comprises a honeycomb plate 11 arranged in the oxidation pipe 2, and the honeycomb holes of the honeycomb plate 11 are filled with CuO powder.
By arranging the honeycomb plate 11, the filling amount of CuO powder is increased, the reaction is ensured to be sufficient, and the two ends of the honeycomb plate 11 can be packaged by arranging filter screens to ensure the flow of flue gas.
Be equipped with the mounting panel on 2 inner walls of oxidation pipe, the edge of honeycomb panel 11 is equipped with the adaptation connecting plate 12 of mounting panel, the mounting panel with threaded connection between the connecting plate 12.
Through setting up connecting plate 12 at the edge of honeycomb panel 11 to realize the erection joint between convenient and the mounting panel, make things convenient for the dismouting to change, can oxidize into CuO powder once more to the Cu powder after the dismouting, so that repetitious usage reduces the production useless admittedly.
A filter plate 13 is arranged above the refrigerator 7 in the recovery tower 6, the lower end of the filter plate 13 is provided with an adsorption fin 14, and the lower end of the recovery tower 6 is provided with a solid-liquid outlet 15.
The refrigerator 7 adopts R134a environment-friendly refrigerant.
Due to low temperature environment, NO 2 Is in solid state and SO 2 Is in liquid state, and is prevented from entering a subsequent waste gas collecting device along with the gas flow, and is passed through a filter plate 1 arranged in the recovery tower3 and adsorption fin 14 for ensuring CO 2 The recovery purity of (1).
By arranging the oxidation section, CO and NO in gas are oxidized into CO with more stable properties by CuO and flue gas waste heat 2 、NO 2 Cooling the gas after oxidation, introducing the gas into a dust removal device to remove most of particulate matters in the gas, introducing the gas into a low-temperature recovery tower after the gas is treated by the dust removal device, performing low-temperature fractionation on the gas according to different physical and chemical properties of the gas, and separating NO in the gas 2 ,SO 2 And (4) separating and collecting. End pair CO with small amount of particulate matter 2 The gas is collected, sealed and stored for comprehensive utilization, and the purpose of reducing carbon emission is achieved.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. Boiler CO 2 The collecting method adopts a collecting device for collection, and is characterized in that: the collecting device comprises a boiler exhaust pipe (1), the boiler exhaust pipe (1) is connected with an oxidation pipe (2), a CuO powder layer (3) is arranged in the oxidation pipe (2), the tail end of the oxidation pipe (2) is connected with a flue gas pipe (4), the other end of the flue gas pipe (4) is connected with a bag type dust collector (5), the gas outlet end of the bag type dust collector (5) is connected with a recovery tower (6), the recovery tower (6) is connected with a refrigerator (7), and the gas outlet at the upper end of the recovery tower (6) is connected with a waste gas collecting device (8);
the collecting method comprises heating the pipeline of the oxidation pipe by using the waste heat of the boiler, controlling the temperature of the recovery tower at-20 ℃ by using a refrigerator, and collecting NO at the normal pressure of-20 DEG C 2 In the solid state at the bottom of the column, SO 2 Is liquid in the middle layer, CO 2 Mixing with small amount of particulate matter to obtain gas state, and recoveringThe upper layer of the tower is used for recovering the heavy phase NO in the tower 2 And SO 2 Collecting light phase CO through a solid-liquid outlet at the lower part 2 And introducing the mixed gas with a small amount of particles into a waste gas collecting device.
2. Boiler CO according to claim 1 2 The collection method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the oxidation pipe (2) comprises a plurality of oxidation pipes (2), the oxidation pipes (2) are sequentially connected end to end, and the oxidation pipe (2) at the tail end is connected with the flue gas pipe (4).
3. Boiler CO according to claim 1 2 The collection method is characterized by comprising the following steps: and a circulating cooling pool (9) is arranged between the oxidation pipe (2) and the bag type dust collector (5), and the flue gas pipe (4) is arranged in the circulating cooling pool (9) in a penetrating manner.
4. Boiler CO according to claim 1 2 The collection method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the size of the oxidation pipe (2) is larger than that of the boiler exhaust pipe (1), and the oxidation pipe (2) is connected with the boiler exhaust pipe (1) through a connecting pipe (10) with the caliber gradually reduced.
5. Boiler CO according to claim 1 2 The collection method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the CuO powder layer (3) comprises a honeycomb plate (11) arranged in the oxidation pipe (2), and CuO powder is filled in the honeycomb holes of the honeycomb plate (11).
6. Boiler CO according to claim 5 2 The collection method is characterized by comprising the following steps: be equipped with the mounting panel on oxidation pipe (2) inner wall, the edge of honeycomb panel (11) is equipped with the adaptation connecting plate (12) of mounting panel, the mounting panel with threaded connection between connecting plate (12).
7. Boiler CO according to claim 1 2 Collection methodThe method is characterized in that: a filter plate (13) is arranged above the refrigerator (7) in the recovery tower (6), adsorption fins (14) are arranged at the lower end of the filter plate (13), and a solid-liquid outlet (15) is arranged at the lower end of the recovery tower (6).
8. Boiler CO according to claim 1 2 The collection method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the refrigerator (7) adopts R134a environment-friendly refrigerant.
CN202111034018.XA 2021-09-03 2021-09-03 Boiler CO 2 Collection method Active CN113546516B (en)

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