CN113545278B - Automatic drip irrigation maintenance method for ecological restoration of mine - Google Patents
Automatic drip irrigation maintenance method for ecological restoration of mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN113545278B CN113545278B CN202110812067.5A CN202110812067A CN113545278B CN 113545278 B CN113545278 B CN 113545278B CN 202110812067 A CN202110812067 A CN 202110812067A CN 113545278 B CN113545278 B CN 113545278B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an automatic drip irrigation maintenance method for ecological restoration of a mine, which comprises the following steps: step 1: installing a water storage device in the area to be drip-irrigated, and carrying out drip-irrigation maintenance on the area to be drip-irrigated through the water storage device; step 2: acquiring pH value information, fertility information and humidity information of soil in a region to be drip-irrigated; step 3: setting drip irrigation speed of the water storage device according to the pH value information, the fertility information and the humidity information; step 4: and after the water storage device is used for drip irrigation for a preset period of time, acquiring the pH value information, the fertility information and the humidity information of the soil in the area to be drip-irrigated, and determining whether to continue drip irrigation in the area to be drip-irrigated according to the acquired data. The automatic drip irrigation maintenance system for mine ecological restoration is built by utilizing the technology of the Internet of things, the maintenance process is efficient and labor-saving, and the water resource utilization efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automatic drip irrigation, in particular to an automatic drip irrigation maintenance method for ecological restoration of mines.
Background
The current mine restoration maintenance method generally uses the following method: 1. and (3) spraying by means of natural rainfall 2 and installing a sprinkling irrigation system by a sprinkling truck. The traditional method has the defects that the first rainfall is irregular, and the maintenance effect cannot be ensured; the second method has the advantages of high maintenance labor cost, large influence of human factors, uneven spraying, high water outlet pressure and easiness in damaging a maintenance matrix; the method has the advantages that the water demand of the three-spray irrigation mode is large, the spray irrigation water supply amount is not uniform enough, and the maximum utilization of water resources can not be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an automatic drip irrigation maintenance method for mine ecological restoration, which aims to solve the problems of high water flood irrigation, low water resource utilization efficiency and uneven water supply of the traditional maintenance method.
In one aspect, the invention provides an automatic drip irrigation maintenance method for ecological restoration of a mine, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: installing a water storage device in an area to be drip-irrigated, and carrying out drip-irrigation maintenance on the area to be drip-irrigated through the water storage device;
step 2: acquiring pH value information, fertility information and humidity information of the soil in the area to be drip-irrigated;
step 3: setting the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device according to the pH value information, the fertility information and the humidity information;
step 4: when the water storage device is used for drip irrigation for a preset period of time, acquiring the pH value information, the fertility information and the humidity information of the soil in the area to be drip-irrigated again, and determining whether to continue drip irrigation in the area to be drip-irrigated according to the acquired data;
in the step 4, after the pH information, the fertility information and the humidity information of the soil in the area to be drip-irrigated are obtained again, the obtained data are compared with the preset conditions, when the obtained data meet the preset conditions, drip irrigation is stopped, and when the obtained data do not meet the preset conditions, drip irrigation is continued.
Further, in the step 4, when the re-acquired data does not meet the preset condition and it is determined that the drip irrigation needs to be continued, determining the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device when the drip irrigation is continued according to the difference between the re-acquired data and the preset standard data.
Further, in the step 4, after determining the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device when the drip irrigation is continued, the water level height in the water storage device is obtained in real time, and the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device is corrected according to the real-time water level height.
Further, in the step 4, after the pH information, the fertility information, and the humidity information of the soil in the area to be drip-irrigated are obtained again, the water storage amount of the reservoir is set according to the obtained data before the obtained data are compared with the preset conditions.
Further, after the water storage capacity of the reservoir is set, the water level of the reservoir is detected, and whether water is filled into the reservoir is judged according to the difference value between the water level of the reservoir and the preset water level.
Further, an image acquisition unit is arranged in the drip irrigation area, the image information of vegetation in the drip irrigation area is acquired through the image acquisition unit, and the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device is compensated according to the acquired image information.
Further, after the image information of the vegetation in the area to be drip-irrigated is acquired, an image frame is cut from the image information, the curled state of the vegetation leaves in the image frame is acquired from the image frame, and a drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient is determined according to the curled state of the leaves so as to compensate the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device.
Further, when the rolling state of the vegetation blades in the image frames is acquired, firstly, rolling state information of the vegetation blades at the initial time is determined through an image processing module, when the rolling state information of the vegetation blades at the initial time is acquired, the image processing module firstly determines n complete blades in the image frames and marks each blade when the rolling state information of the vegetation blades is acquired from the image frames at the initial time, after marking each blade, the length and the width of each blade are summed to acquire the sum of the length value and the width value of each blade, and the sum of the length value and the width value of each blade is transmitted into a control system, the control system establishes a matrix C0 of the length and the width of each blade at the initial time according to the sum of the length value and the width value of each blade at the initial time, and sets C0 (C01, C02, C03, C0 n), wherein C01 is the sum of the length and the width values at the initial time of the first blade, C02 is the sum of the length and the width values at the initial time of the second blade, and C03 is the sum of the length and the width values at the initial time of the third blade, and n is the length and the width value of the blade at the initial time of the first blade and the first blade;
after establishing an initial moment length-width sum value matrix C0, acquiring an image frame at a first moment through an image processing module after a preset time interval, acquiring the sum of the length values and the width values of the n complete blades from the image frame at the first moment, transmitting the sum to the control system, and establishing a first moment length-width sum value matrix C1 by the control system, wherein C1 (C11, C12, C13, C1 n) is set, C11 is the sum of the first moment length-width values of the first blade, C12 is the sum of the first moment length-width values of the second blade, C13 is the sum of the first moment length-width values of the third blade, and C1n is the sum of the first moment length-width values of the nth blade;
the control system determines a curl state of the ith blade at the first moment according to the length-width sum value matrix C0 at the initial moment and the difference between the sum value of the length-width values of the ith blade at the initial moment and the sum value of the length-width values between the first moments in the length-width sum value matrix C1 at the first moment, i=1, 2, 3.
Further, when the curling state of the vegetation leaves is determined, firstly, the curling state information of the leaves at the first moment is obtained, after a preset time interval, the curling state information of the leaves at the second moment is obtained, the curling state information of the leaves at the second moment is compared, a correction coefficient is determined according to the comparison result, and the drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient is corrected through the determined correction coefficient.
Further, when the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device is compensated, the control system is used for acquiring a blade curling state Ca at the nth moment in real time, and a first preset blade curling state Cb1, a second preset blade curling state Cb2, a third preset blade curling state Cb3 and a fourth preset blade curling state Cb4 are also set in the control system, wherein Cb1 is more than Cb2 is less than Cb3 and less than Cb4; the control system is also internally provided with a first preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k1, a second preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k2, a third preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k3 and a fourth preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k4, wherein k1 is more than 1 and less than 2, k3 is more than 3 and less than 2;
when the control system selects the i preset drip irrigation speed to correct the i preset drip irrigation speed Si by the correction coefficient ai, i=1, 2,3,4, and sets the drip irrigation speed of the corrected water storage device to Si ai, the control system further selects the drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient according to the relationship between the blade curl state Ca at the nth moment and each preset blade curl state to compensate the corrected drip irrigation speed:
when Ca is less than or equal to Cb1, a first preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k1 is selected to compensate the corrected drip irrigation speed, wherein the compensated drip irrigation speed is Si x ai x k1;
when Cb1 is less than Ca and less than or equal to Cb2, selecting a second preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k2 to compensate the corrected drip irrigation speed, wherein the compensated drip irrigation speed is Si ai k2;
when Cb2 is less than Ca and less than or equal to Cb3, selecting a third preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k3 to compensate the corrected drip irrigation speed, wherein the compensated drip irrigation speed is Si ai k3;
when Cb3 is smaller than Ca and smaller than or equal to Cb4, a fourth preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k4 is selected to compensate the corrected drip irrigation speed, and the compensated drip irrigation speed is Si ai k4.
Compared with the prior art, the automatic mine restoration drip irrigation maintenance system has the advantages that the automatic drip irrigation is carried out by utilizing the mine ecological restoration water storage device, the automatic control is carried out when the drip irrigation is carried out on the water storage device by adopting the method, the natural rainfall is collected as a main maintenance water source, the underground water source, the surface water source or the urban water supply system water source is taken as an auxiliary water source, and the Internet of things technology is utilized to build the automatic mine restoration drip irrigation maintenance system.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a water storage device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a water storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the curing process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of an automatic drip irrigation maintenance method for mine ecological restoration provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, this embodiment provides a water storage device, which includes a control system, a server and a data acquisition module, the device is installed in an area to be drip-irrigated, a drip irrigation pipeline is specifically laid in the area to be drip-irrigated, the drip irrigation pipeline is connected with the control system so as to control the drip irrigation pipeline, meanwhile, the acquisition module is buried in the area to be drip-irrigated so as to acquire pH information, fertility information and humidity information of soil in the area to be drip-irrigated, the control system controls the drip irrigation state in the area to be drip-irrigated according to the acquired data information after acquiring the acquired data information, and meanwhile, the control system is in communication connection with the server so as to transmit the acquired data to the server in real time, and the drip irrigation state in the area can be controlled according to a control instruction of the server.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the control system includes a control host, where the control host is communicatively connected to the server, and the control host is externally connected to a 220V power supply for supplying power. The server comprises an indoor terminal and a mobile terminal, wherein the indoor terminal is a computer arranged indoors, the mobile terminal is a portable mobile device such as a mobile phone, a tablet and the like, and the remote control of the water storage device can be conveniently carried out through the arranged indoor terminal and the mobile terminal. The acquisition module comprises a pH sensor, a fertilizer sensor and a soil moisture sensor, wherein the pH sensor is used for acquiring pH value information of soil, the fertilizer sensor is preferably a soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensor, the fertilizer sensor is used for detecting fertility information of the soil, and the soil moisture sensor is used for detecting humidity information of the soil. Specifically, the control host is electrically connected with the pH sensor, the fertilizer sensor and the soil moisture sensor through cables, and decoders and lightning protection modules are arranged on the cables, wherein the decoders are used for decoding data, and the lightning protection modules are used for carrying out lightning protection on the circuits.
Specifically, when the pH sensor, the fertilizer sensor and the soil moisture sensor are arranged, a plurality of sensors are arranged in the region to be drip-irrigated so as to detect and acquire data in different regions in the region to be drip-irrigated.
Specifically, a rainwater collecting device is provided in the vicinity of the region to be drip-irrigated, and rainwater is collected by the rainwater collecting device so as to irrigate the region to be drip-irrigated by the collected rainwater.
When the embodiment is specifically implemented, when the water storage device is installed and constructed in the drip irrigation area, the water storage device is sequentially installed from the source to the terminal, the pipe is dried firstly, then the branch pipe is connected to the spray head, and finally the control equipment is added. The natural rainfall is collected by the rainwater collecting device and is led into the reservoir after passing through the primary filtering device, secondary filtering, pressurization and system control are carried out on water and fertilizer, water and nutrients are conveyed by means of pipelines and evenly drop into the root system of the greening plant through the drip irrigation pipe, and accurate maintenance of mine greening is achieved.
Taking the soil-alienating spray-seeding area as an example, three modes exist in the practical application of the method: 1. according to the environmental sensor data, setting automatic irrigation according to the water and fertilizer requirements of greening plants; 2. applet, web remote start-stop; thirdly, field management.
The concrete construction steps are as follows: leveling a rainwater collection plane to enable rainwater to flow to the lowest point; leveling a reservoir and a machine room platform; hardening the terrace of the machine room; the main pipe is paved, the main pipe can be selected according to the water supply pressure requirement, a pe hot-melting coil pipe with pressure bearing of 12 kg is selected as the main pipe, the pe hot-melting coil pipe has flexibility, the pipelines are conveniently laid in the field, the interfaces of the pe coil pipe are few, the pressure bearing at the interfaces after hot melting is good, and the stability of the whole water supply pipeline is improved; after the floor of the machine room meets the hardness requirement, a water reservoir, the machine room, a booster pump, a water pump controller and a filtering device are arranged, preferably, the fertilizer applying tank and the water reservoir are shared, and nutrition components are manually added, so that a fertilizer supplying pipeline can be independently established in actual operation; the rainwater collection platform is paved with tarpaulin, a stainless steel net with 50 meshes is additionally arranged at the lowest point of the ground pattern to serve as primary filtration, rainwater is collected into the rainwater collection device through a rainwater hopper, is dumped to a rainwater collection tank after being treated by the rainwater collection device and is used for supplying drip irrigation water, and the capacity of the rainwater collection tank can be designed according to the local rainfall condition and the water demand condition of greening plants in actual operation; a layer of geotextile can be added in the primary filtration, so that the filtration effect is further enhanced, the solid impurities are reduced to block a filter screen, the stability of a system is enhanced, and the geotextile has good water permeability and can effectively intercept soil particles, fine sand, small stones and the like; testing a water supply system to ensure that the pipeline is free from water leakage; the main pipeline is communicated, so that no water leakage of the pipeline is ensured; the drip irrigation pipes are arranged and communicated with the main pipe, preferably, for the convenience of observation, the drip irrigation pipes are arranged on the surface layer of the greening matrix, and can be arranged in the matrix in actual operation, so that the water resource utilization reaches the maximum efficiency; testing water pressure and checking the pipeline to ensure that the pipeline has no water leakage; installing a sensor, a controller and a control platform; and (5) debugging the system.
Specifically, when the water storage device is specifically used, the water storage device is installed in an area to be drip-irrigated, and pipelines installed in the area to be drip-irrigated are controlled through the control system of the water storage device, so that drip-irrigation maintenance is carried out on the area to be drip-irrigated. When the drip irrigation maintenance is carried out on the area to be drip-irrigated, the data acquisition module is used for acquiring soil data of the area to be drip-irrigated so as to acquire pH value information, fertility information and humidity information of the soil of the area to be drip-irrigated, and the control system is used for setting the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device according to the pH value information, the fertility information and the humidity information, namely controlling the water flow speed in the drip irrigation pipeline.
Specifically, after the water storage device is used for drip irrigation for a preset period of time, the control system acquires the pH value information, the fertility information and the humidity information of the soil in the area to be drip-irrigated again, and determines whether to continue drip irrigation in the area to be drip-irrigated according to the acquired data:
after the pH value information, the fertility information and the humidity information of the soil in the area to be drip-irrigated are obtained again, the obtained data are compared with preset conditions, the drip irrigation is stopped when the obtained data meet the preset conditions, and the drip irrigation is continued when the obtained data do not meet the preset conditions.
In the maintenance process of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the sensor reports soil data once every minute in the maintenance process, and when the soil moisture content is lower than that required by plants, the control platform issues instructions to start the electromagnetic valve and the water pump to perform drip irrigation; stopping drip irrigation until the soil moisture content rises to a threshold value; if the water level of the reservoir is too low in the period, the water pump controller can automatically stop the water pump, and after 10 minutes, the water pump is started again until the soil moisture content rises to the threshold value, and the maintenance process is completed once.
In the actual operation process, a rainfall sensor can be added to calculate the rainwater collection amount, and the drip irrigation frequency is designed by combining the local rainfall condition. For remote mining areas inconvenient to take electricity and water, solar energy can be used as a power supply, and a rainwater collecting tank is completely used as a drip irrigation water source.
The water storage device collects natural rainfall as a main maintenance water source, takes a ground water source, a surface water source or a water source of a city water supply system as an auxiliary water source, and utilizes the technology of Internet of things to carry out automatic mine ecological restoration drip irrigation maintenance. The method is used for carrying out ecological restoration maintenance of mines, can efficiently utilize water resources for maintenance, and can directly reach the root systems of greening plants to supply water as required; the method has strong environmental applicability, can be widely applied to various places in China, and is not limited by areas; the maintenance process of the method is efficient and labor-saving, has three working modes, can be managed on site through a control platform, can be managed remotely by using small programs or web, and can automatically irrigate according to the setting of sensing data.
Referring to fig. 4, in another preferred implementation manner based on the above embodiment, the present embodiment provides an automatic drip irrigation maintenance method for ecological restoration of a mine, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: installing a water storage device in the area to be drip-irrigated, and carrying out drip-irrigation maintenance on the area to be drip-irrigated through the water storage device;
step 2: acquiring pH value information, fertility information and humidity information of soil in a region to be drip-irrigated;
step 3: setting drip irrigation speed of the water storage device according to the pH value information, the fertility information and the humidity information;
step 4: when the water storage device is used for drip irrigation for a preset period of time, acquiring the pH value information, the fertility information and the humidity information of the soil in the area to be drip-irrigated again, and determining whether to continue drip irrigation in the area to be drip-irrigated according to the acquired data;
in step 4, after the pH information, fertility information and humidity information of the soil in the area to be drip-irrigated are obtained again, the obtained data are compared with preset conditions, when the obtained data meet the preset conditions, drip irrigation is stopped, and when the obtained data do not meet the preset conditions, drip irrigation is continued.
Specifically, in step 4, when the re-acquired data does not meet the preset condition and it is determined that the drip irrigation needs to be continued, the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device during the continuous drip irrigation is determined according to the difference between the re-acquired data and the preset standard data.
Specifically, the preset conditions include standard soil pH, standard soil fertility information, and standard soil humidity information, which are standard values or preset values.
Specifically, when the values of the pH value information, the fertility information and the humidity information of the soil in the drip irrigation area which are acquired again are all larger than or equal to the standard soil pH value, the standard soil fertility information and the standard soil humidity information, judging that the acquired data meet the preset conditions, and stopping irrigation; otherwise, when the pH value information, the fertility information and the humidity information of the soil in the drip irrigation area obtained again are smaller than the standard soil pH value, the standard soil fertility information and the standard soil humidity information, continuing to irrigate.
Specifically, when the re-acquired data do not meet the preset conditions and it is determined that the drip irrigation needs to be continued, calculating the difference between the values of the pH value information, the fertility information and the humidity information of the soil in the area to be drip-irrigated and the standard soil pH value, the standard soil fertility information and the standard soil humidity information, and determining the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device according to the calculated difference, namely determining the water flow speed in the drip irrigation pipeline.
Specifically, the first preset drip irrigation speed S1, the second preset drip irrigation speed S2, the third preset drip irrigation speed S3 and the fourth preset drip irrigation speed S4 are preset by the control system, and the first soil difference matrix A1 (a 11, a12, a 13), the second soil difference matrix A2 (a 21, a22, a 23), the third soil difference matrix A3 (a 31, a32, a 33) and the fourth soil difference matrix A4 (a 41, a42, a 43) are preset by the control system, wherein a11 first preset pH value difference, a12 first preset fertility information difference, a13 first preset humidity information difference, a21 second preset pH value difference, a22 second preset fertility information difference, a23 second preset humidity information difference, a31 third preset pH value difference, a32 third preset fertility information difference, a33 third preset humidity information difference, a41 fourth preset pH value difference, a42 fourth preset fertility information difference, a43, a12 preset humidity information difference, a41 to a43 are sequentially increased from a13 to a 43.
Specifically, a control system is used for acquiring a real-time pH value difference value delta A1, a real-time fertility information difference value delta A2 and a real-time humidity information difference value delta A3, and the control system sets the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device according to the relation between the real-time difference value and each preset difference value:
when DeltaA1 is less than or equal to A11, deltaA2 is less than or equal to A12 and DeltaA3 is less than or equal to A13, selecting a first preset drip irrigation speed S1 as the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device, namely setting the water flow speed in the drip irrigation pipeline as the first preset drip irrigation speed S1;
when A11 < [ delta ] A1 is less than or equal to A21, A12 < [ delta ] A2 is less than or equal to A22, and A13 < [ delta ] A3 is less than or equal to A23, selecting a second preset drip irrigation speed S2 as the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device, namely setting the water flow speed in the drip irrigation pipeline to be the second preset drip irrigation speed S2;
when A21 < [ delta ] A1 is less than or equal to A31, A22 < [ delta ] A2 is less than or equal to A32, and A23 < [ delta ] A3 is less than or equal to A33, selecting a third preset drip irrigation speed S3 as the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device, namely setting the water flow speed in the drip irrigation pipeline to be the third preset drip irrigation speed S3;
when A31 < [ delta ] A1 is less than or equal to A41, A32 < [ delta ] A2 is less than or equal to A42, and A33 < [ delta ] A3 is less than or equal to A43, a fourth preset drip irrigation speed S4 is selected as the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device, that is, the water flow speed in the drip irrigation pipe is set to the fourth preset drip irrigation speed S4.
Specifically, in step 4, after determining the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device when the drip irrigation is continued, the real-time water level height Δh in the water storage device is obtained in real time, and the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device is corrected according to the real-time water level height Δh in the water storage device.
Specifically, the control system is also provided with a first preset water level height H1, a second preset water level height H2, a third preset water level height H3 and a fourth preset water level height H4, wherein H1 is more than H2 and less than H3 and less than H4; the control system is also provided with a first preset drip irrigation speed correction coefficient a1, a second preset drip irrigation speed correction coefficient a2, a third preset drip irrigation speed correction coefficient a3 and a fourth preset drip irrigation speed correction coefficient a4, wherein a1 is more than 1 and less than 2 and a3 is more than 3 and less than 2.
Specifically, the control system further selects each preset drip irrigation speed to correct the i-th preset drip irrigation speed Si of the selected water storage device according to the relation between the real-time water level height Δh and each preset water level height, i=1, 2,3,4:
when delta H is less than or equal to H1, selecting a first preset drip irrigation speed to correct the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device by a correction coefficient a1, wherein the corrected drip irrigation speed is Si 1;
when H1 < [ delta ] H is less than or equal to H2, selecting a second preset drip irrigation speed to correct the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device by a correction coefficient a2, wherein the corrected drip irrigation speed is Si x a2;
when H2 < [ delta ] H is less than or equal to H3, selecting a third preset drip irrigation speed to correct the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device by a correction coefficient a3, wherein the corrected drip irrigation speed is Si;
when H3 < [ delta ] H is less than or equal to H4, a fourth preset drip irrigation speed is selected to carry out correction coefficient a4 to correct the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device, and the corrected drip irrigation speed is Si x a4.
When the i-th preset drip irrigation speed is selected to correct the i-th preset drip irrigation speed Si by the correction coefficient ai, i=1, 2,3,4, the drip irrigation speed of the corrected water storage device is set to si×ai, that is, the water flow speed in the drip irrigation pipeline is set to si×ai.
Specifically, in step 4, after pH information, fertility information, and humidity information of the soil in the area to be drip-irrigated are acquired again, the water storage amount of the reservoir is set according to the acquired data before the acquired data are compared with preset conditions.
Specifically, a first preset water storage quantity Q1, a second preset water storage quantity Q2, a third preset water storage quantity Q3 and a fourth preset water storage quantity Q4 are preset through a control system, and Q1 is more than Q2 and less than Q3 and less than Q4; the control system also presets first preset soil humidity information A031, second preset soil humidity information A032, third preset soil humidity information A033 and fourth preset soil humidity information A034, wherein A031 is smaller than A032 and A033 is smaller than A034.
Specifically, the control system also acquires real-time humidity information delta A03 of the soil in the area to be drip-irrigated, and sets the water storage capacity of the reservoir according to the relation between the real-time humidity information delta A03 and each preset soil humidity information:
when DeltaA03 is less than or equal to A031, setting the water storage capacity of the reservoir to be a first preset water storage capacity Q1;
when A031 is less than or equal to delta A03 and less than A032, setting the water storage capacity of the water storage tank to be a second preset water storage capacity Q2;
when A032 is less than or equal to delta A03 and less than A033, setting the water storage capacity of the water storage tank to be a third preset water storage capacity Q3;
when A033 is less than or equal to delta A03 and less than A034, the water storage capacity of the water storage tank is set to be a fourth preset water storage capacity Q4.
Specifically, after the water storage capacity of the reservoir is set, the water level of the reservoir is detected, and whether water is injected into the reservoir is judged according to the difference between the water level of the reservoir and the preset water level.
Specifically, after setting the water storage capacity of the reservoir to the i-th preset water storage capacity Qi, i=1, 2,3,4, at this time, the control system acquires the real-time water level Δp in the reservoir in real time, and the control system presets a first preset water level P1, a second preset water level P2, a third preset water level P3, and a fourth preset water level P4, where P1 > P2 > P3 > P4; the control system is also preset with a first preset reservoir filling amount W1, a second preset reservoir filling amount W2, a third preset reservoir filling amount W3 and a fourth preset reservoir filling amount W4, and W1 is more than W2 and less than W3 and less than W4.
Specifically, the control system selects the water injection quantity of the reservoir according to the relation between the real-time water level height delta P of the reservoir and each preset water level height, so that water sources are filled into the reservoir:
when the delta P is more than or equal to P1, judging that a water source is not needed to be filled into the reservoir;
when delta P is less than P1, judging that a water source needs to be filled into the reservoir; wherein,,
when P1 >. DELTA.P is more than or equal to P2, selecting a first preset reservoir filling amount W1 to fill a water source into the reservoir, namely filling the water source of the first preset reservoir filling amount W1 into the reservoir;
when P2 >. DELTA.P is more than or equal to P3, selecting a second preset reservoir filling amount W2 to fill a water source into the reservoir, namely filling the water source of the second preset reservoir filling amount W2 into the reservoir;
when P3 >. DELTA.P is more than or equal to P4, selecting a third preset reservoir filling amount W3 to fill a water source into the reservoir, namely filling the water source of the third preset reservoir filling amount W3 into the reservoir;
when P4 >. DELTA.P, the fourth preset reservoir filling amount W4 is selected to fill the water source into the reservoir, i.e., the water source of the fourth preset reservoir filling amount W4 is filled into the reservoir.
It can be seen that the water source in the reservoir can be supplemented in real time by filling the water source in the reservoir, so that the reservoir is guaranteed to have a sufficient water source, the water source is sufficient during irrigation, and the irrigation efficiency is improved.
In another preferred implementation manner based on the above embodiments, an image acquisition unit is further disposed in the drip irrigation area to be used in the present embodiment, and the image acquisition unit is connected to the control system of the water storage device and performs data transmission. The image acquisition unit is used for acquiring image information of the vegetation blades in the drip irrigation area, and the image information is transmitted to the control system for processing after the image acquisition unit acquires the image information of the vegetation blades.
Specifically, an image acquisition unit is arranged in the area to be drip-irrigated, the image information of vegetation in the area to be drip-irrigated is acquired through the image acquisition unit, and the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device is compensated according to the acquired image information.
Specifically, when image information of vegetation is acquired, the shooting angle of the image acquisition unit is fixed, and the vegetation in a certain fixed area is acquired.
Specifically, the image acquisition unit acquires image information of vegetation leaves in the area to be drip-irrigated and then transmits the image information into the control system. The control system comprises an image processing module, wherein the image processing module acquires image information, intercepts an image frame from the image information, acquires the curling state information of vegetation blades from the image frame, and determines a drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient according to the curling state of the blades so as to compensate the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device.
Specifically, first, the image processing module determines the curl state information of the vegetation blades at the initial time. When the rolling state information of the vegetation blades at the initial moment is acquired, the image processing module firstly determines n complete blades in an image frame when acquiring the rolling state information of the vegetation blades from the image frame at the initial moment, marks each blade, sums the length and the width of each blade after marking each blade to acquire the sum of the length value and the width value of each blade, and transmits the sum of the length value and the width value of each blade into the control system, and the control system establishes an initial moment length-width sum value matrix C0 according to the sum of the length value and the width value of each blade at the initial moment, and sets C0 (C01, C02, C03, C0 n), wherein C01 is the sum of the initial moment length-width values of the first blade, C02 is the sum of the initial moment length-width values of the second blade, C03 is the sum of the initial moment length-width values of the third blade, and C0n is the sum of the initial moment length-width values of the nth blade.
Specifically, after establishing an initial time length-width sum value matrix C0, after a preset time length is set, the control system acquires an image frame at a first time through the image processing module, acquires the sum of the length values and the width values of the n complete blades from the image frame at the first time, and after transmitting the sum to the control system, the control system establishes a first time length-width sum value matrix C1, and sets C1 (C11, C12, C13,..once, C1 n), wherein C11 is the sum of the first time length-width values of the first blade, C12 is the sum of the first time length-width values of the second blade, C13 is the sum of the first time length-width values of the third blade, and C1n is the sum of the first time length-width values of the nth blade.
Specifically, the control system determines the curl state of the i-th blade at the first time (i=1, 2,3, once again, n).
Specifically, the control system also acquires a blade curling state Ca at the nth moment in real time, and a first preset blade curling state Cb1, a second preset blade curling state Cb2, a third preset blade curling state Cb3 and a fourth preset blade curling state Cb4 are also set in the control system, wherein Cb1 is more than Cb2 is more than Cb3 and less than Cb4; the control system is also internally provided with a first preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k1, a second preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k2, a third preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k3 and a fourth preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k4, wherein k1 is more than 1 and less than 2, k3 is more than 3 and less than 2. Specifically, the blade curl state Ca at the nth time may be determined based on a difference between the sum of the blade length and width values at the nth time and the sum of the blade length and width values at the initial time.
Specifically, when the control system selects each preset drip irrigation speed to correct the ith preset drip irrigation speed Si of the selected water storage device according to the relation between the real-time water level Δh and each preset water level, and selects the ith preset drip irrigation speed to correct the ith preset drip irrigation speed Si by the ith preset drip irrigation speed correction coefficient ai, i=1, 2,3,4, and sets the drip irrigation speed of the corrected water storage device to si×ai, that is, the water flow speed in the drip irrigation pipeline to si×ai, the control system further selects the drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient to compensate the corrected drip irrigation speed according to the relation between the blade curling state Ca at the nth moment and each preset blade curling state:
when Ca is less than or equal to Cb1, a first preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k1 is selected to compensate the corrected drip irrigation speed, wherein the compensated drip irrigation speed is Si x ai x k1;
when Cb1 is less than Ca and less than or equal to Cb2, selecting a second preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k2 to compensate the corrected drip irrigation speed, wherein the compensated drip irrigation speed is Si ai k2;
when Cb2 is less than Ca and less than or equal to Cb3, selecting a third preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k3 to compensate the corrected drip irrigation speed, wherein the compensated drip irrigation speed is Si ai k3;
when Cb3 is smaller than Ca and smaller than or equal to Cb4, a fourth preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k4 is selected to compensate the corrected drip irrigation speed, and the compensated drip irrigation speed is Si ai k4.
When the i-th preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient ki is selected to compensate the corrected drip irrigation speed, the compensated drip irrigation speed is set to Si ai ki, i=1, 2,3,4, that is, the water flow speed in the drip irrigation pipeline is set to Si ai ki.
It can be seen that the corrected drip irrigation speed is compensated according to the curled state of the blades of the vegetation, so that the drip irrigation speed can be adjusted in real time according to the curled state of the blades, a sufficient drip irrigation water source of the vegetation can be ensured, and the drip irrigation efficiency of the vegetation can be ensured.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the specific embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. An automatic drip irrigation maintenance method for ecological restoration of a mine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: installing a water storage device in an area to be drip-irrigated, and carrying out drip-irrigation maintenance on the area to be drip-irrigated through the water storage device;
step 2: acquiring pH value information, fertility information and humidity information of the soil in the area to be drip-irrigated;
step 3: setting the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device according to the pH value information, the fertility information and the humidity information;
step 4: when the water storage device is used for drip irrigation for a preset period of time, acquiring the pH value information, the fertility information and the humidity information of the soil in the area to be drip-irrigated again, and determining whether to continue drip irrigation in the area to be drip-irrigated according to the acquired data;
in the step 4, after the pH information, the fertility information and the humidity information of the soil in the area to be drip-irrigated are obtained again, comparing the obtained data with preset conditions, stopping drip irrigation when the obtained data meet the preset conditions, and continuing drip irrigation when the obtained data do not meet the preset conditions;
in the step 4, when the re-acquired data does not meet the preset condition and it is determined that the drip irrigation needs to be continued, determining the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device when the drip irrigation is continued according to the difference value between the re-acquired data and the preset standard data;
an image acquisition unit is arranged in the area to be drip irrigated, image information of vegetation in the area to be drip irrigated is acquired through the image acquisition unit, and the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device is compensated according to the acquired image information; after acquiring image information of vegetation in the area to be drip-irrigated, cutting out an image frame from the image information, acquiring a curled state of a blade of the vegetation in the image frame from the image frame, and determining a drip-irrigation speed compensation coefficient according to the curled state of the blade so as to compensate the drip-irrigation speed of the water storage device;
when the curling state of the vegetation blades in the image frames is acquired, firstly, determining curling state information of the vegetation blades at the initial time through an image processing module, when the curling state information of the vegetation blades at the initial time is acquired, firstly, determining n complete blades in the image frames and marking each blade when the curling state information of the vegetation blades is acquired from the image frames at the initial time, respectively summing the length and the width of each blade after marking each blade to acquire the sum of the length value and the width value of each blade, and conveying the sum of the length value and the width value of each blade into a control system, wherein the control system establishes an initial time length and width sum value matrix C0 according to the sum of the length value and the width value of each blade at the initial time, and sets C0 (C01, C02, C03, C0 n), wherein C01 is the sum value of the initial time length and width values of the first blade, C02 is the sum value of the initial time length and width values of the second blade, C03 is the sum value of the initial time length and width values of the first blade, and C0n is the length and the initial time width values of the first blade;
after establishing an initial moment length-width sum value matrix C0, acquiring an image frame at a first moment through an image processing module after a preset time interval, acquiring the sum of the length values and the width values of the n complete blades from the image frame at the first moment, transmitting the sum to the control system, and establishing a first moment length-width sum value matrix C1 by the control system, wherein C1 (C11, C12, C13, C1 n) is set, C11 is the sum of the first moment length-width values of the first blade, C12 is the sum of the first moment length-width values of the second blade, C13 is the sum of the first moment length-width values of the third blade, and C1n is the sum of the first moment length-width values of the nth blade;
the control system determines a curl state of the ith blade at the first moment according to the length-width sum value matrix C0 at the initial moment and the difference between the sum value of the length-width values of the ith blade at the initial moment and the sum value of the length-width values between the first moments in the length-width sum value matrix C1 at the first moment, i=1, 2, 3.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 4, after determining the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device when the drip irrigation is continued, the water level in the water storage device is obtained in real time, and the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device is corrected according to the real-time water level.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, after acquiring the pH information, fertility information and humidity information of the soil in the area to be drip-irrigated again, the water storage amount of the reservoir is set according to the acquired data before comparing the acquired data with the preset conditions.
4. The method for automatically maintaining drip irrigation in ecological restoration of mines according to claim 3, wherein after the water storage capacity of the reservoir is set, the water level of the reservoir is detected, and whether water is injected into the reservoir is judged according to the difference between the water level of the reservoir and a preset water level.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein when determining the curl state of the vegetation leaves, first acquiring curl state information of the leaves at a first time, after a preset time interval, acquiring curl state information of the leaves at a second time, comparing the curl state information of the leaves at the second time, determining a correction coefficient according to the comparison result, and correcting the drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient by the determined correction coefficient.
6. The automatic drip irrigation maintenance method for mine ecological restoration according to claim 5, wherein when the drip irrigation speed of the water storage device is compensated, a blade curl state Ca at an nth moment is obtained in real time through a control system, and a first preset blade curl state Cb1, a second preset blade curl state Cb2, a third preset blade curl state Cb3 and a fourth preset blade curl state Cb4 are further set in the control system, wherein Cb1 is more than Cb2 and Cb3 is more than Cb4; the control system is also internally provided with a first preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k1, a second preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k2, a third preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k3 and a fourth preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k4, wherein k1 is more than 1 and less than 2, k3 is more than 3 and less than 2;
when the control system selects the i preset drip irrigation speed to correct the i preset drip irrigation speed Si by the correction coefficient ai, i=1, 2,3,4, and sets the drip irrigation speed of the corrected water storage device to Si ai, the control system further selects the drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient according to the relationship between the blade curl state Ca at the nth moment and each preset blade curl state to compensate the corrected drip irrigation speed:
when Ca is less than or equal to Cb1, a first preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k1 is selected to compensate the corrected drip irrigation speed, wherein the compensated drip irrigation speed is Si x ai x k1;
when Cb1 is less than Ca and less than or equal to Cb2, selecting a second preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k2 to compensate the corrected drip irrigation speed, wherein the compensated drip irrigation speed is Si ai k2;
when Cb2 is less than Ca and less than or equal to Cb3, selecting a third preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k3 to compensate the corrected drip irrigation speed, wherein the compensated drip irrigation speed is Si ai k3;
when Cb3 is smaller than Ca and smaller than or equal to Cb4, a fourth preset drip irrigation speed compensation coefficient k4 is selected to compensate the corrected drip irrigation speed, and the compensated drip irrigation speed is Si ai k4.
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