Pressure-sensitive type graphite alkene electric heat membrane
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrothermal films, in particular to a pressure-sensitive graphene electrothermal film.
Background
Along with the continuous development that intelligence was dressed, people not only lie in higher generating heat efficiency to the requirement of electric heat membrane, and prior art has studied to pressure-sensitive electric heat membrane.
The current electric heat membrane develops the research to different functions, including tensile properties, the stability can etc. aspect of generating heat, along with the different input signal of external environment, the electric heat membrane has multiple different feedbacks to improve the application of electric heat membrane, improve the intelligence of electric heat membrane.
The existing pressure-sensitive electrothermal film has complex preparation process, harsh preparation process conditions and higher cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pressure-sensitive graphene electrothermal film, wherein silicon dioxide/lignin is used as self-lubricating particles in a conductive film layer, when the film layer is under pressure, the internal electric contact of a three-dimensional conductive network is increased, and the heating efficiency of the film layer is improved; and the film layer can be repeatedly pressed, and the structure is stable.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a pressure-sensitive graphene electrothermal film comprises an insulating layer, a three-dimensional conductive network elastic film and a base layer oriented elastic film in sequence from top to bottom;
the three-dimensional conductive network elastic film comprises the following substances in parts by mass:
wherein, the silicon dioxide/lignin is uniformly dispersed in the three-dimensional conductive network elastic film layer.
Preferably, one side of the oriented elastic membrane of the base layer, which faces the three-dimensional conductive network elastic membrane, is provided with guide protrusions with the same direction, and graphene and multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the three-dimensional conductive network elastic membrane are orderly stacked in an inclined manner under the limit of the guide protrusions. According to the invention, the guide protrusions are arranged on the surface of the base layer oriented elastic membrane, and when the three-dimensional conductive network elastic membrane is formed into a membrane, the flaky graphene and the multi-walled carbon nanotube limiting protrusions with larger length-diameter ratio are stacked in an inclined and ordered manner.
Preferably, the silica/lignin is uniformly dispersed between the graphene and the multi-walled carbon nanotubes. When the pressure in the vertical direction is applied, the distance of the obliquely superposed graphene and/or multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the vertical direction is reduced, and the graphene and/or multi-walled carbon nanotubes relatively slide in the horizontal direction, wherein the silicon dioxide/lignin composite particles not only serve as particle conductive agents to increase the formation and conduction of a three-dimensional conductive network, but also serve as lubricants for the graphene and/or multi-walled carbon nanotubes to relatively slide in the horizontal direction, so that the relative sliding is facilitated, and the electrothermal film is sensitive to the pressure.
Preferably, the mass part ratio of the silicon dioxide to the lignin in the silicon dioxide/lignin compound is 1: (0.02 to 0.04). The silicon dioxide/lignin compound has electronegativity, so that the silicon dioxide, the graphene and the carbon nano tubes are effectively prevented from being uniformly dispersed, and a three-dimensional conductive network is formed.
Preferably, the insulating layer and the base layer oriented elastic membrane are made of cyclomethicone. According to the invention, the cyclomethicone is used as a film forming material of the three-dimensional conductive network elastic film, and deforms under pressure, and the contact of the internal three-dimensional conductive network is increased, so that the heating efficiency is improved; when the pressure is removed, the deformation recovery of the film layer drives the internal three-dimensional conductive network to recover to the initial form; according to the invention, the insulating layer and the base layer directional elastic film are both made of cyclomethicone as film forming materials, and the insulating layer, the three-dimensional conductive network elastic film and the base layer directional elastic film have good deformation consistency.
Preferably, the thickness of the electric heating film is 1mm to 3 mm. The electrothermal film layer of the invention is uniform and controllable, and has a wide application range.
Preferably, the thickness of the three-dimensional conductive network elastic film accounts for 60 to 75 percent of the thickness of the electric heating film. The three-dimensional conductive network elastic film determines the main heating performance and pressure sensitivity of the invention, and meanwhile, the insulating layer and the base layer directional elastic film ensure the structural deformation consistency and the heating performance of the invention.
Preferably, the composition also comprises 2 to 5 parts of [ Bmim ] [ BF ] according to the mass parts4[ MEANS FOR solving PROBLEMS ] is provided. [ Bmim ] BF ] in the present invention4The amorphous graphene, the carbon nano tubes and the silicon dioxide/lignin are effectively promoted to be uniformly dispersed in the cyclopolydimethylsiloxane through the adsorption effect of charges on the surface groups of the amorphous graphene, the carbon nano tubes and the silicon dioxide/lignin, secondary agglomeration is prevented from occurring in the mixing process, and stable and reliable contact of various conductive substances in a conductive network is effectively ensured, so that the resistance is reduced, and the heating efficiency is improved.
The three-dimensional conductive network elastic film further preferably comprises the following substances in parts by mass:
preferably, the method for compounding the silicon dioxide and the lignin comprises the following steps:
performing ultrasonic pre-dispersion on nano silicon dioxide in an ethanol-water mixed system, adding the nano silicon dioxide under an alkaline condition, adding acid to adjust the nano silicon dioxide to be acidic, performing coprecipitation reaction, aging, and drying to obtain the silicon dioxide/lignin composite nano particles.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention comprises an insulating layer, the three-dimensional conductive network elastic film and a base layer oriented elastic film in parts by mass from top to bottom in sequence; the insulating layer and the base layer directional elastic film in the invention clamp the three-dimensional conductive network elastic film, when the horizontally placed three-dimensional conductive network elastic film is stressed in the vertical direction, the thickness of the whole film layer is thinned, the whole film layer is deformed due to pressure, the deformation is that the thickness of the whole film layer is thinned, the whole area is relatively increased, the relative distance between the flaky graphene and/or the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes with larger length-diameter ratio which are uniformly distributed in the cyclopolydimethylsiloxane is changed from far to near, the two of which are in direct contact, or in contact through uniformly dispersed silica/lignin, due to the existence of the silicon dioxide/lignin particles, the relative sliding between the levels of the graphene and/or the multi-walled carbon nanotubes can be realized so as to adapt to the change of the thickness and the area of the film layer when being pressed;
when the pressure is applied, the direct contact points of the three-dimensional conductive network formed by the graphene, the multi-wall carbon nano tube and the silicon dioxide/lignin are increased to be saturated, and the electrothermal film obtained by the invention is sensitive in pressure and stable in structure.
Thereby achieving the above object of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further explain the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is explained in detail by the following specific examples.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a pressure-sensitive graphene electrothermal film, which sequentially comprises an insulating layer, a three-dimensional conductive network elastic film and a base layer directional elastic film from top to bottom;
the components and parts by mass of the three-dimensional conductive network elastic film are detailed in table 1.
Wherein, the silicon dioxide/lignin is uniformly dispersed in the three-dimensional conductive network elastic film layer.
The insulating layer and the base layer oriented elastic membrane are both made of cyclic polydimethylsiloxane.
The thickness of the electric heating film is preferably selected, and the occupation ratio of the insulating layer, the three-dimensional conductive network elastic film and the base layer oriented elastic film in the electric heating film layer in an uncompressed state is shown in table 2.
Example 2
The main differences between this example and example 1 are detailed in tables 1 and 2.
In this embodiment, one side of the oriented elastic membrane of the base layer, which faces the three-dimensional conductive network elastic membrane, is provided with guide protrusions with the same direction, and graphene and multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the three-dimensional conductive network elastic membrane are orderly stacked in an inclined manner under the limit of the guide protrusions.
Example 3
The main differences between this example and example 2 are detailed in tables 1 and 2.
In this example, the silica/lignin was uniformly dispersed between the graphene and the multi-walled carbon nanotubes. When the pressure in the vertical direction is applied, the distance of the obliquely superposed graphene and/or multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the vertical direction is reduced, and the graphene and/or multi-walled carbon nanotubes relatively slide in the horizontal direction, wherein the silicon dioxide/lignin composite particles not only serve as particle conductive agents to increase the formation and conduction of a three-dimensional conductive network, but also serve as lubricants for the graphene and/or multi-walled carbon nanotubes to relatively slide in the horizontal direction, so that the relative sliding is facilitated, and the electrothermal film is sensitive to the pressure.
The mass part ratio of the silicon dioxide to the lignin in the silicon dioxide/lignin compound is 1: (0.02 to 0.04). The silicon dioxide/lignin compound has electronegativity, so that the silicon dioxide, the graphene and the carbon nano tubes are effectively prevented from being uniformly dispersed, and a three-dimensional conductive network is formed.
Example 4
The main differences between this example and example 2 are detailed in tables 1 and 2.
Preferably, the composition also comprises 2 to 5 parts of [ Bmim ] [ BF ] according to the mass parts4[ MEANS FOR solving PROBLEMS ] is provided. [ Bmim ] BF ] in the present invention4The amorphous graphene, the carbon nano tubes and the silicon dioxide/lignin are effectively promoted to be uniformly dispersed in the cyclopolydimethylsiloxane through the adsorption effect of charges on the surface groups of the amorphous graphene, the carbon nano tubes and the silicon dioxide/lignin, secondary agglomeration is prevented from occurring in the mixing process, and stable and reliable contact of various conductive substances in a conductive network is effectively ensured, so that the resistance is reduced, and the heating efficiency is improved.
Example 5
The main differences between this example and example 2 are detailed in tables 1 and 2.
The three-dimensional conductive network elastic film further preferably comprises the following substances in parts by mass:
example 6
This example discloses a method for compounding the silica-lignin composite particles used in examples 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
performing ultrasonic pre-dispersion on nano silicon dioxide in an ethanol-water mixed system, adding the nano silicon dioxide under an alkaline condition, adding acid to adjust the nano silicon dioxide to be acidic, performing coprecipitation reaction, aging, and drying to obtain the silicon dioxide/lignin composite nano particles.
Comparative example 1
The main differences between this example and example 1 are shown in tables 1 and 2.
Comparative example 2
The main differences between this example and example 1 are shown in tables 1 and 2.
Table 1 composition and amount (parts by mass) of raw materials for electric heating films obtained in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 and 2
Item
|
GO
|
MWCNT
|
SiO2Lignin
|
【Bmim】【BF4】
|
PDMS
|
Example 1
|
12
|
35
|
15
|
/
|
400
|
Example 2
|
18
|
20
|
20
|
3.6
|
300
|
Example 3
|
15
|
26
|
30
|
2.7
|
360
|
Example 4
|
16
|
31
|
32
|
5
|
330
|
Example 5
|
12.5
|
33
|
25
|
2
|
370
|
Comparative example 1
|
15
|
26
|
/
|
/
|
360
|
Comparative example 2
|
15
|
26
|
/
|
/
|
360 |
Table 2 table of data on film layer condition of electric heating films obtained in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 and 2
The heating efficiency of the electric heating films with the area of 100mm multiplied by 100mm obtained in the examples 1 to 5 and the comparative examples 1 and 2 is respectively tested in different pressure states;
the method and the calculation mode for testing the heating efficiency are as follows:
connecting metal electrodes at two ends of the prepared electrothermal film, applying 15V voltage on the electrodes by using a direct current power supply, and heating for a period of time until the temperature is stable. According to the law of conservation of energy, when the temperature of heating is increased to the maximum value, the heating quantity of the electrothermal film is equal to the energy radiated outwards, so the heating efficiency
h=IV0/[(Tm-T0)*S];
Wherein h is the film heating efficiency (W/(. degree. C. mm)2));
I is the current (A) when the temperature is stable;
V0voltage (V) at which temperature is stable;
Tmthe highest temperature;
T0the ambient temperature is 25 ℃ in the invention;
the change in the area S is ignored in the calculation of the heat generation efficiency.
Table 3 heating efficiency of the electric heating films obtained in examples 1 to 5 without being pressed
Table 4 heating efficiency of the electric heating films obtained in examples 1 to 5 at 200Pa
TABLE 5 heating efficiency of the electrothermal films obtained in examples 1 to 5 at 400Pa
TABLE 6 heating efficiency of the electric heating films obtained in examples 1 to 5 at 600Pa
TABLE 7 heating efficiency of the electric heating films obtained in examples 1 to 5 at 800Pa
It can be known from the data in tables 1 to 7 that the heating efficiency of the electrothermal film layer obtained by the present invention gradually increases to saturation along with the change of the pressure condition, and the heating temperature also gradually increases. Compared with comparative examples 1 and 2, in examples 1 to 5, after being compressed, the distance of the graphene and/or the multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the vertical direction is reduced, and the graphene and/or the multi-walled carbon nanotubes relatively slide in the horizontal direction, wherein the silica/lignin composite particles not only serve as particle conductive agents to increase the formation and conduction of a three-dimensional conductive network, but also serve as lubricants for the relative sliding of the graphene and/or the multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the horizontal direction, so that the relative sliding is facilitated, and the electrothermal film is sensitive to pressure. Further comparing example 1 with examples 2 to 4, it can be seen that the guiding protrusions of the oriented elastic film of the base layer enable the graphene and the multi-walled carbon nanotubes to be stacked in an inclined and ordered manner, so as to improve the internal ordering of the three-dimensional conductive network.