CN113541142A - Method for analyzing response characteristics of onshore converter station to harmonic waves and optimizing parameters - Google Patents
Method for analyzing response characteristics of onshore converter station to harmonic waves and optimizing parameters Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
- H02J2003/365—Reducing harmonics or oscillations in HVDC
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]
Abstract
The invention provides a method for analyzing response characteristics of a onshore converter station to harmonic waves and optimizing parameters, which comprises the steps of constructing and obtaining a full-system transfer function signal flow diagram of a grid-connected onshore converter station by deducing transfer function models of subsystems contained in the parallel-connected onshore converter station; selecting the disturbance quantity of the direct current side as an input quantity, taking the disturbance quantity of a variable to be analyzed of the grid side as an output quantity, and deducing to obtain a transfer function analytic expression of the output quantity relative to the input quantity; analyzing the amplitude characteristic of the output quantity and the influence rule of the parameter on the amplitude characteristic based on the analytic expression, and further optimizing the parameter according to the influence rule of the parameter on the amplitude to reduce the harmonic amplitude of the system side. The invention solves the problems of analysis and inhibition of inter-harmonic and harmonic amplitude values on the AC power grid side by constructing a transfer function model which takes the harmonic current on the DC submarine cable side as input and takes the voltage and the current on the AC side as output.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a harmonic amplitude characteristic analysis and suppression method of a far-sea wind power plant sending device, in particular to an amplitude-frequency response characteristic analysis of a grid-connected flexible direct-current transmission onshore converter station to direct-current side harmonic based on transfer function amplitude-frequency characteristics and a suppression method for reducing harmonic amplitude through parameter optimization.
Background
Flexible direct current transmission is becoming one of the modes of offshore wind power delivery, an offshore rectifying station of the flexible direct current transmission rectifies alternating current generated by wind power into direct current, a direct current submarine cable carries out remote transmission of the direct current, and finally, a onshore converter station carries out inversion and then merges the direct current into an alternating current power grid. Under certain conditions, harmonic/inter-harmonic components generated by interaction between offshore wind power and a rectifying side of flexible direct-current transmission flow into a grid-connected onshore converter station, the onshore converter station responds by a converter control system of the onshore converter station and then feeds into an alternating-current power grid, and the harmonic/inter-harmonic fed into the power grid can affect the safe and stable operation of a large-capacity thermal power generating unit and a power system of a receiving-end power grid under certain conditions. Therefore, the method has important significance for mastering the response characteristics of the flexible direct-current transmission inverter station to the harmonic waves and the influence of the parameters on the harmonic waves.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for analyzing response characteristics of a grid-connected flexible direct-current transmission onshore converter station to direct-current side harmonic waves and optimizing parameters based on transfer function amplitude-frequency characteristics. Under certain conditions, inter-harmonic/harmonic components can be generated by interaction of wind power and a flexible direct current transmission rectification side, the components can be transmitted to a grid-connected flexible direct current transmission onshore converter station, an alternating current power grid is fed in after the response action of a grid-connected onshore converter station conversion control system, and when the amplitude of the harmonic/inter-harmonic components fed in the power grid is high, the influence can be brought to safe and stable operation of a thermal power generating unit in a receiving-end power grid and a grid-connected system. Therefore, the invention solves the problems of analysis and inhibition of the amplitude of inter-harmonics and harmonics on the AC power grid side by constructing a transfer function model which takes the harmonic current on the DC submarine cable side as input and takes the voltage and the current on the AC side as output.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a transfer function for analyzing the amplitude value of the harmonic wave on the direct current side and optimizing parameters of a grid-connected flexible direct current transmission inverter station, which is suitable for analyzing the response characteristic of the harmonic wave fed in the direct current side by a grid-connected onshore converter station, and the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for analyzing response characteristics of a onshore converter station to harmonic waves and optimizing parameters is characterized in that the method is used for calculating the response characteristics of the onshore converter station to the harmonic waves on the DC side of flexible DC transmission based on a transfer function model obtained by construction; the method comprises the steps of constructing and obtaining a full-system transfer function signal flow diagram of the parallel-connection onshore converter station by deducing transfer function models of all subsystems contained in the parallel-connection onshore converter station; selecting the disturbance quantity of the direct current side as an input quantity, taking the disturbance quantity of a variable to be analyzed of the grid side as an output quantity, and deducing to obtain a transfer function analytic expression of the output quantity relative to the input quantity; analyzing the amplitude characteristic of the output quantity and the influence rule of the parameter on the amplitude characteristic based on the analytic expression, and further optimizing the parameter according to the influence rule of the parameter on the amplitude to reduce the harmonic amplitude of the system side.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can also adopt the following further technical schemes or combine the further technical schemes for use:
analyzing the response characteristics of the fixed direct-current voltage control, the reactive power control, the current inner loop control and the phase-locking link of the grid-connected flexible direct-current transmission onshore converter station, the interface of the control system and an electrical system, the onshore converter station transformer, the phase-locking link and each subsystem of the grid-connected alternating-current system to harmonic waves and deducing to obtain a transfer function model of each link, connecting the transfer functions of each link according to the flowing relation of harmonic signals on the basis, and further constructing to obtain a transfer function signal flow diagram of the whole system of the grid-connected flexible direct-current transmission onshore converter station.
On the basis of constructing a full-system closed-loop transfer function signal flow diagram of the grid-connected flexible direct current transmission onshore converter station, the harmonic current disturbance quantity on the direct current side is selected as an input quantity, the electric quantity measured by the grid-connected alternating current is selected as an output, and then a transfer function analytic expression of the output quantity relative to the input quantity is deduced.
On the basis of deducing and obtaining an analytic expression of an output quantity related to a direct current side input quantity transfer function, analyzing and controlling parameters and an influence rule of system side parameter change on amplitude-frequency characteristics of the transfer function based on the analytic expression, and further adjusting the parameters of a controller and the parameters of a system side according to an amplitude-parameter rule to reduce harmonic amplitude of a flexible direct current transmission onshore converter station grid-connected system side related quantity, so that the aim of inhibiting the harmonic amplitude is fulfilled.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. establishing a transfer function model for analyzing harmonic response characteristics of a grid-connected flexible direct current power transmission inversion side to a direct current side;
2. the proposed transfer function model takes into account the influence of a current transformation control phase-locked loop, a current loop and an outer loop, selects harmonic current fed in from a direct current side as input quantity, selects alternating current side current of a receiving end converter station as output quantity, and constructs to obtain the transfer function model;
3. the established transfer function model can be used for analyzing the numerical value of the harmonic amplitude of the inversion side under the condition of different parameter changes, and further reducing the harmonic amplitude in the grid-connected alternating current system by optimizing the parameters of the variable flow control system or the intensity parameters of the alternating current system for the harmonic injected at the direct current side with the given amplitude.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a transfer function block diagram of a flexible direct current transmission system onshore converter station and a converter control system thereof.
Fig. 2 is a transfer function block diagram of the inverter-side grid-connected system.
Detailed Description
Reference is made to the accompanying drawings. The invention provides a method for analyzing response characteristics and optimizing parameters of harmonic waves fed in from a direct current side of a flexible direct current grid-connected onshore converter station based on a transfer function. The invention is implemented according to the following three steps: 1) Analyzing the response characteristics of each link of the onshore converter station to the harmonic waves, and further constructing and obtaining a transfer function block diagram of the grid-connected converter station; 2) based on the constructed transfer function block diagram, selecting a direct current side current disturbance quantity as an input quantity, selecting an alternating current side variable to be analyzed as an output quantity, and deducing to obtain a transfer function model; 3) and analyzing the influence of different parameters on the amplitude-frequency characteristics based on the transfer function model.
First, transfer function construction of grid-connected onshore converter station
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a grid-connected flexible dc transmission onshore converter station and a converter control system thereof, wherein harmonics fed from a dc side are finally fed into the converter control system through a converter valve and a dc voltage, and are finally fed into an ac power grid under the response action of the converter control system. And sequentially analyzing the response characteristics of the power outer ring, the current inner ring, the phase-locked loop, the direct-current voltage link, the grid-connected alternating-current system and other links to the harmonic waves, and further constructing to obtain a transfer function block diagram of the grid-connected inverter station.
1.1 transfer function model for fixed DC voltage/reactive power control of land converter station
As can be seen from fig. 1, the transfer function model of constant dc voltage/reactive power is as follows:
in the above formula, Kpp、KipRespectively are the proportion and integral coefficient of the active loop; kpq、KiqRespectively are the proportion and integral coefficient of the reactive loop; delta Id_refAnd Δ Iq_refRespectively are d/q axis current inner ring reference values; delta Uc* dcAnd deltaQ*The DC voltage and the disturbance amount of the reactive power are per unit values respectively; u shapecd0The steady-state value of the d-axis component of the converter outlet voltage of the onshore converter station is obtained; u shape* d0、U* q0、I* d0And I* q0The voltage and current dq axis component steady state quantity per unit value of the alternating current bus; delta U* d、ΔU* q、ΔI* dAnd Δ I* qThe per-unit value of the disturbance quantity of the d/q axis component of the alternating current bus voltage and the bus current is obtained; u shapedc0Is a direct current voltage value; i isdc0And feeding a direct current steady-state value to the side of the offshore station.
1.2 inner loop transfer function model of onshore converter station current
As can be seen from fig. 1, the model of the inner loop transfer function of the onshore converter station converter control system is as follows:
in the above formula, Kpd、Kid、KpqAnd KiqRespectively representing the d/q axis proportion and the integral coefficient of the current inner ring; delta Uc* cd_refAnd delta Uc* cq_refRespectively representing d/q axis reference values of voltage disturbance; FF is a filtering link of voltage feedforward, and the expression is G/(1+ Ts), G is proportional gain, and T is a time constant; delta Ic* dAnd Δ Ic* qD/q axis current disturbance amount per unit value respectively; x* LAnd the equivalent reactance per unit value of the transformer.
1.3 analysis of response characteristics of phase locked loop of land converter station to harmonic waves
As can be seen from fig. 1, the transfer function model of the phase-locked loop is as follows:
wherein: kp、KiRespectively the proportional and integral coefficients of the phase-locked loop; u shape* d0Is the steady-state quantity per unit value of the d-axis component of the alternating-current bus voltage; delta U* qAnd the disturbance quantity per unit value of the q-axis component of the alternating-current bus voltage is obtained.
1.4 land converter station control system and electrical system interface equation
And (3) an interface equation of the control system and the electrical system, namely the relationship between variables under the coordinate of the control system and the coordinate system of the electrical system.
The alternating-current bus voltage d/q axis component disturbance quantity expression, the alternating-current bus current d/q axis component disturbance quantity expression and the converter outlet voltage d/q axis component reference value disturbance quantity expression are respectively as follows:
in the above formula, delta Ud c*、△Uq c*Respectively is a per unit value of the disturbance quantity of the d/q axis component of the bus voltage under a control system coordinate system; delta Ud *、△Uq *Respectively is a per unit value of d/q axis component disturbance quantity of bus voltage under an electrical system coordinate system; u shaped0 *、Uq0 *Respectively is a d/q axis component steady state quantity per unit value of the bus voltage under the coordinate system of the electrical system; gpllIs a phase locked loop transfer function; delta Id c*、△Iq c*Respectively is a per unit value of disturbance quantity of d/q axis component of bus current under a control system coordinate system; delta Id *、△Iq *Respectively is a per unit value of the disturbance quantity of the d/q axis component of the bus current under the coordinate system of the electrical system; i isd0 *、Iq0 *Are respectively an electric systemThe per unit quantity of the steady-state value of the d/q axis component of the bus voltage under the coordinate system; delta Ucd_ref c*、△Ucq_ref c*And respectively are bus voltage d/q axis component reference values under a control system coordinate system.
1.5 land converter station transformer
The transfer function model of the land-based converter station transformer is as follows:
in the above formula, L is the equivalent inductance of the transformer; the remaining variables have been described above.
1.6 construction of whole-system transfer function model of grid-connected inverter station
The above types are combined, a transfer function model of the whole system of the grid-connected inverter station is constructed, and a block diagram of the constructed transfer function is shown in fig. 2.
Secondly, a transfer function model of each harmonic amplitude value calculation point with respect to disturbance quantity
On the basis of constructing a transfer function block diagram, further taking the dc voltage disturbance amount as an input, taking the voltage and the current of the grid-connected point at the ac side as output amounts, respectively deriving to obtain two transfer functions, and respectively obtaining transfer function expressions of the dc disturbance amount-ac current disturbance amount and the dc current disturbance amount-ac voltage disturbance amount as shown in the following formula (8) and the following formula (9):
in the above formula:
wherein:
influence analysis based on transfer function parameters
Based on the obtained transfer function expression, when the harmonic component with the feeding frequency of 25Hz is fed into the direct-current side system, the parameters of the variable-current control system and the values of d/q axis components in the bus voltage and the bus current are obtained through calculation when the parameters change, and the calculation results are shown in the following tables 1-4.
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, given the parameters of the variable current control system and the parameters of the alternating current system, when the direct current component fed to the direct current side is constant, the voltage outer loop proportionality coefficient increases, and the harmonic components in the alternating current bus voltage and current increase.
TABLE 1 amplitude of harmonic component in bus current under different voltage outer loop parameters
TABLE 2 amplitude of harmonic component in bus voltage under different voltage outer loop parameters
| Outer ring proportion parameter of |
1 | 2 | 4 |
| Component of d axis | 0.109-j0.0261 | -0.728-j0.75 | -2.143-j0.964 |
| Component of q axis | 0.3599+j0.713 | 0.158+j1.972 | 0.69+j4.214 |
As can be seen from tables 3 and 4, the system strength decreases as the system equivalent inductance increases, and the obtained d/q-axis voltage and current components gradually increase when the same disturbance amount is injected. Therefore, the strength of the grid-connected alternating current system is improved, the harmonic response characteristic of the alternating current side to the direct current side can be reduced to a certain extent, and the risk of the harmonic of the alternating current side system is reduced.
TABLE 3 amplitude of harmonic component in bus current under different system strengths
TABLE 4 amplitude of harmonic component in bus voltage under different system strengths
| Different system equivalent inductances/p.u. | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.5 |
| Component of d axis | -0.1976+j0.01292 | -0.382-j0.0625 | -0.728-j0.75 |
| Component of q axis | 0.1233+j0.4069 | 0.2+j0.815 | 0.158+j1.972 |
The above embodiment is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art will understand that modifications or substitutions of technical solutions or parameters in the embodiment can be made without departing from the principle and essence of the present invention, and all of them shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for analyzing response characteristics of a onshore converter station to harmonic waves and optimizing parameters is characterized in that the method is used for calculating the response characteristics of the onshore converter station to the harmonic waves on the DC side of flexible DC transmission based on a transfer function model obtained by construction; the method comprises the steps of constructing and obtaining a full-system transfer function signal flow diagram of the parallel-connection onshore converter station by deducing transfer function models of all subsystems contained in the parallel-connection onshore converter station; selecting the disturbance quantity of the direct current side as an input quantity, taking the disturbance quantity of a variable to be analyzed of the grid side as an output quantity, and deducing to obtain a transfer function analytic expression of the output quantity relative to the input quantity; analyzing the amplitude characteristic of the output quantity and the influence rule of the parameter on the amplitude characteristic based on the analytic expression, and further optimizing the parameter according to the influence rule of the parameter on the amplitude to reduce the harmonic amplitude of the system side.
2. The method for analyzing response characteristics of the onshore converter station to the harmonic waves and optimizing the parameters as claimed in claim 1, wherein the response characteristics of each subsystem of the onshore converter station for grid-connected flexible direct current transmission, such as direct current voltage control, reactive power control, current inner loop control, phase-locked link, control system and electrical system interface, onshore converter station transformer, phase-locked link and grid-connected alternating current system to the harmonic waves are analyzed and derived to obtain the transfer function model of each link, on the basis, the transfer functions of each link are connected according to the flowing relation of the harmonic signals, and then the transfer function signal flow diagram of the whole system of the onshore converter station for grid-connected flexible direct current transmission is constructed.
3. The method for analyzing response characteristics of the onshore converter station to the harmonic waves and optimizing the parameters as claimed in claim 1, wherein on the basis of constructing a full-system closed-loop transfer function signal flow diagram of the grid-connected flexible direct current transmission onshore converter station, the harmonic current disturbance amount on the direct current side is selected as an input amount, the electrical quantity measured by the grid-connected alternating current is selected as an output, and then a transfer function analytic expression of the output amount relative to the input amount is derived.
4. The method for analyzing response characteristics of a land converter station to harmonic waves and optimizing parameters according to claim 1, wherein on the basis of deriving an analytic expression of an output quantity related to a direct current side input quantity transfer function, the method is based on analyzing an influence rule of a control parameter and a system side parameter change on amplitude-frequency characteristics of the transfer function, and further adjusts a controller parameter and a system side parameter according to an amplitude-parameter rule to reduce harmonic amplitude of a flexible direct current transmission land converter station grid-connected system side attention quantity, so that the purpose of suppressing the harmonic amplitude is achieved.
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