CN113540763A - Antenna and equipment - Google Patents
Antenna and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113540763A CN113540763A CN202110825171.8A CN202110825171A CN113540763A CN 113540763 A CN113540763 A CN 113540763A CN 202110825171 A CN202110825171 A CN 202110825171A CN 113540763 A CN113540763 A CN 113540763A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses an antenna and equipment, which comprise a dielectric substrate, a feed patch, an impedance matching piece, a grounding patch and a frequency reduction piece. The feed patch, under the feed excitation of the feeder line, and the impedance matching piece, the ground patch and the frequency reduction piece jointly act to generate a working frequency band covering the first target bandwidth. The impedance matching piece is used for adjusting the impedance of the antenna to adjust the impedance of the antenna to a target impedance, and the purpose of impedance matching is to increase the bandwidth of the antenna and improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna; the frequency reducing element is used for reducing the resonance frequency of the antenna, and the purpose is to increase the bandwidth of the antenna. It can be seen that the antenna performance can be improved by the antenna through the impedance matching part and the frequency reduction part, and compared with the method that the bandwidth of the antenna is widened only by changing the shapes and areas of the feed patch and the ground patch, under the condition of realizing the same antenna bandwidth, the occupied area of the antenna is reduced by the bandwidth widening method, the antenna can be designed to be thinner, and the miniaturization design of the antenna is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of antenna bandwidth widening, and in particular, to an antenna and an apparatus.
Background
The existing antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, and a feed patch and a ground patch which are arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate; the feed patch is connected with the feeder line, and the feed patch is used for generating a working frequency band covering a certain bandwidth under the combined action of the feed patch and the ground patch under the feed excitation of the feeder line. At present, under the existing antenna structure, the bandwidth of the antenna is generally widened by changing the shapes and areas of the feed patch and the ground patch, but the bandwidth widening mode can lead to the increase of the occupied area of the antenna, which is not beneficial to the miniaturization design of the antenna.
Therefore, how to provide a solution to the above technical problem is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an antenna and equipment, which can improve the performance of the antenna through an impedance matching part and a frequency reduction part, and compared with the method that the bandwidth of the antenna is widened only by changing the shapes and the areas of a feed patch and a ground patch, the bandwidth widening method of the antenna reduces the occupied area of the antenna under the condition of realizing the same antenna bandwidth, can make the antenna design thinner and is beneficial to the miniaturization design of the antenna.
To solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides an antenna, including:
a dielectric substrate;
the feed patch is arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate and connected with the feeder line;
the impedance matching piece is arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate and connected with the feed patch and is used for adjusting the impedance of the antenna so as to adjust the impedance of the antenna to a target impedance;
the grounding patch is arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate;
the frequency reducing piece is arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate and connected with the grounding patch and is used for reducing the resonant frequency of the antenna;
the feed patch is used for generating a working frequency band covering a first target bandwidth under the combined action of the feed patch, the impedance matching piece, the grounding patch and the frequency reduction piece under the feed excitation of the feed line.
Preferably, the feeding patch includes:
a first radiation patch connected to the feeder line and a first end of the impedance matching member, respectively;
and the second radiation patch is connected with the second end of the impedance matching piece.
Preferably, the antenna further comprises:
the coupling radiation part is arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate and connected with the second radiation patch;
the feeding patch is specifically used for generating a working frequency band covering a second target bandwidth under the combined action of the feeding patch, the coupling radiation part, the impedance matching part, the grounding patch and the frequency reduction part under the feeding excitation of the feeder line; wherein the second target bandwidth is greater than the first target bandwidth.
Preferably, the coupling radiation part includes:
a first inductor connected to the second radiating patch;
and the inductive coupling patch is connected with the first inductor.
Preferably, the inductive coupling patch includes:
the first rectangular patch is arranged close to the first long edge and the first short edge of the dielectric substrate and positioned between the feed patch and the first long edge;
the second rectangular patch is connected with the first rectangular patch and positioned between the feed patch and the first short side; the second rectangular patch is connected with the first inductor;
a third rectangular patch connected between the first rectangular patch and the first long side.
Preferably, the first radiation patch includes:
a fourth rectangular patch arranged close to the first long side and the first short side of the dielectric substrate and between the ground patch and the first long side; the fourth rectangular patch is connected with the feeder line;
a fifth rectangular patch connected to the fourth rectangular patch and located between the ground patch and the first short side; the fifth rectangular patch is connected with the first end of the impedance matching piece;
the second radiating patch is:
and a sixth rectangular patch connected to the second end of the impedance matching member and located between the ground patch and the first short side.
Preferably, the impedance matching element is a capacitor, and the frequency reducing element is a second inductor.
Preferably, the ground patch includes:
the first grounding patch is connected with the first end of the frequency reducing piece;
a second ground patch connected to a second end of the frequency dropping component.
Preferably, the first ground patch includes:
a seventh rectangular patch disposed proximate to the first long side and the first short side of the dielectric substrate;
the eighth rectangular patch is connected with the seventh rectangular patch and is positioned between the seventh rectangular patch and the feed patch; the eighth rectangular patch is connected with the first end of the frequency reducing piece;
the second ground patch is:
and the ninth rectangular patch is connected with the second end of the frequency reducing piece and is positioned between the eighth rectangular patch and the feeding patch.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention further provides equipment comprising any one of the antennas.
The invention provides an antenna which comprises a dielectric substrate, a feed patch, an impedance matching piece, a grounding patch and a frequency reduction piece. The feed patch is used for generating a working frequency band covering a first target bandwidth under the combined action of the feed patch, the impedance matching part, the grounding patch and the frequency reduction part under the feed excitation of the feed line. The impedance matching piece is used for adjusting the impedance of the antenna to adjust the impedance of the antenna to a target impedance, and the purpose of impedance matching is to increase the bandwidth of the antenna and improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna; the frequency reducing element is used for reducing the resonance frequency of the antenna, and the purpose is to increase the bandwidth of the antenna. It can be seen that the antenna performance can be improved by the antenna through the impedance matching part and the frequency reduction part, and compared with the method that the bandwidth of the antenna is widened only by changing the shapes and areas of the feed patch and the ground patch, under the condition of realizing the same antenna bandwidth, the occupied area of the antenna is reduced by the bandwidth widening method, the antenna can be designed to be thinner, and the miniaturization design of the antenna is facilitated.
The invention also provides equipment which has the same beneficial effects as the antenna.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed in the prior art and the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall size of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating specific dimensions of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a graph comparing reflection coefficients of an antenna 1, an antenna 2 and a final antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a comparison diagram of simulated and actually measured reflection coefficients of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a two-dimensional measured radiation pattern of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention at 1600MHz frequency;
fig. 10 is a two-dimensional measured radiation pattern of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 2500 MHz;
fig. 11 is a two-dimensional radiation measured pattern of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 3500 MHz.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide an antenna and equipment, which can improve the performance of the antenna through an impedance matching part and a frequency reduction part, and compared with the method of widening the bandwidth of the antenna only by changing the shapes and areas of a feed patch and a ground patch, under the condition of realizing the same antenna bandwidth, the bandwidth widening method of the invention reduces the occupied area of the antenna, can make the antenna design thinner and is beneficial to the miniaturization design of the antenna.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The antenna includes:
a dielectric substrate 100;
a feeding patch 200 disposed on the front surface of the dielectric substrate 100 and connected to the feeding line;
the impedance matching piece 300 is arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate 100 and connected with the feed patch 200, and is used for adjusting the impedance of the antenna so as to adjust the impedance of the antenna to a target impedance;
a ground patch 400 disposed on the front surface of the dielectric substrate 100;
the frequency reducing piece 500 is arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate 100 and connected with the ground patch 400, and is used for reducing the resonant frequency of the antenna;
the feeding patch 200 is used for generating an operating frequency band covering a first target bandwidth under the action of the feeding excitation of the feeding line, the impedance matching element 300, the grounding patch 400 and the lower frequency element 500.
Specifically, the antenna of the present application includes a dielectric substrate 100, a feed patch 200, an impedance matching element 300, a ground patch 400, and a frequency down element 500, and the working principle thereof is as follows:
the dielectric substrate 100 is generally rectangular, and is made of insulating material, and may be an FR4 dielectric board. The feeding patch 200, the impedance matching member 300, the grounding patch 400 and the frequency-reducing member 500 are disposed on the front surface of the dielectric substrate 100. The feed patch 200 and the ground patch 400 are both metal patches, and the material of the feed patch and the ground patch is generally copper, which is a metal material with good conductivity and low cost. The feed patch 200 is connected to a feed line, the feed patch 200 is connected to an impedance matching element 300, the impedance matching element 300 is used to adjust the impedance of the antenna to a target impedance (the target impedance is preferably 50 ohms), and the purpose of impedance matching is to increase the bandwidth of the antenna, improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna, and thus improve the performance of the antenna. The ground patch 400 is Grounded (GND) and the ground patch 400 is connected to the frequency down-converter 500, and the frequency down-converter 500 is used to reduce the resonant frequency of the antenna, so as to cover a lower frequency band, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the antenna and improving the performance of the antenna.
Based on this, it is possible for the antenna structure of the present application to: the feeding patch 200 is used to generate an operating frequency band covering a first target bandwidth under the feeding excitation of the feeding line, and cooperates with the impedance matching element 300, the ground patch 400 and the lower frequency element 500. In the application of the antenna, the antenna is generally attached to the inner surface of a device (such as a sound box or a wearable device such as a watch and a bracelet) for use. If the device is a sending device, the device can transmit radio frequency energy to the feed patch 200 through the feed line and emit the radio frequency energy from the feed patch 200; if the device is a receiving device, the device may receive the rf energy transmitted from the outside through the feeding patch 200, and transmit the rf energy to the inside of the device for processing.
It can be seen that the antenna performance can be improved by the antenna through the impedance matching part and the frequency reduction part, and compared with the method that the bandwidth of the antenna is widened only by changing the shapes and areas of the feed patch and the ground patch, under the condition of realizing the same antenna bandwidth, the occupied area of the antenna is reduced by the bandwidth widening method, the antenna can be designed to be thinner, and the miniaturization design of the antenna is facilitated.
On the basis of the above-described embodiment:
referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As an alternative embodiment, the feeding patch 200 includes:
a first radiation patch connected to the feeder line and a first end of the impedance matching member 300, respectively;
and a second radiating patch connected to a second end of the impedance matching member 300.
Specifically, the feeding patch 200 of the present application includes two structurally noncontacting radiating patches, which are respectively referred to as a first radiating patch and a second radiating patch, and a feeding point a is provided on the first radiating patch for connecting to a feeding line. The impedance matching member 300 is connected between the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch to adjust the impedance of the antenna.
As an alternative embodiment, the antenna further comprises:
a coupling radiation part 600 arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate 100 and connected with the second radiation patch;
the feeding patch 200 is specifically configured to generate an operating frequency band covering a second target bandwidth under the feeding excitation of the feeding line, and under the combined action of the coupling radiation part 600, the impedance matching part 300, the ground patch 400 and the frequency down-conversion part 500; wherein the second target bandwidth is greater than the first target bandwidth.
Further, the antenna of this application still includes coupling radiation portion 600, and coupling radiation portion 600 is connected with the second radiation paster, and the purpose of addding coupling radiation portion 600 is to increase the antenna bandwidth to promote antenna performance. Specifically, the feeding patch 200, under the feeding excitation of the feeding line, cooperates with the coupling radiation portion 600, the impedance matching member 300, the ground patch 400 and the frequency down-conversion member 500 to generate an operating frequency band covering a second target bandwidth (greater than the first target bandwidth).
As an alternative embodiment, the coupling radiation part 600 includes:
a first inductor L1 connected to the second radiating patch;
an inductive coupling patch connected to the first inductor L1.
Specifically, the coupling radiation part 600 of the present application includes a first inductor L1 and an inductive coupling patch, and its operation principle is:
first inductance L1 is connected between second radiation paster and inductive coupling paster, under this structural arrangement, can increase the resonance point of antenna to increase the antenna bandwidth, promote antenna performance.
As an alternative embodiment, the inductive coupling patch comprises:
a first rectangular patch 601 arranged close to the first long side and the first short side of the dielectric substrate 100 and between the feed patch 200 and the first long side;
a second rectangular patch 602 connected to the first rectangular patch 601 and located between the feed patch 200 and the first short side; the second rectangular patch 602 is connected to a first inductor L1;
a third rectangular patch 603 connected between the first rectangular patch 601 and the first long side.
Specifically, the inductive coupling patch of the present application includes a first rectangular patch 601, a second rectangular patch 602, and a third rectangular patch 603, and the specific structure thereof is as follows:
the dielectric substrate 100 is a rectangular substrate and includes a first long side, a second long side, a first short side, and a second short side. First rectangle paster 601 is close to the setting of the first long limit and the first short side of medium base plate 100, and first rectangle paster 601 is located between the first long limit of feed paster 200 and rectangle base plate, has the certain distance between first rectangle paster 601 and the feed paster 200, has the certain distance between the first long limit of first rectangle paster 601 and rectangle base plate, and the long limit of first rectangle paster 601 can be parallel with the long limit of rectangle base plate.
The second rectangular patch 602 is connected to the first rectangular patch 601 and the first inductor L1, the second rectangular patch 602 is located between the first short edges of the feeding patch 200 and the rectangular substrate, a certain distance is provided between the second rectangular patch 602 and the feeding patch 200, one edge of the second rectangular patch 602 coincides with the first short edge of the rectangular substrate (the coincidence indicates that all points on the short line are on the long line) or a certain distance is provided between the second rectangular patch 602 and the first short edge of the rectangular substrate, the long edge of the second rectangular patch 602 can be parallel to the short edge of the rectangular substrate, and the second rectangular patch 602 and the first rectangular patch 601 are equivalent to two right-angled edges.
The third rectangular patch 603 is connected between the first rectangular patch 601 and the first long side of the rectangular substrate, the long side of the third rectangular patch 603 may be parallel to the short side of the rectangular substrate, and the third rectangular patch 603 and the first rectangular patch 601 are equivalent to two right-angled sides of a right angle.
It should be noted that the structural design of the inductive coupling patch is beneficial to the widening design of the antenna bandwidth, and is beneficial to reducing the occupied area of the antenna and the miniaturization design of the antenna.
As an alternative embodiment, the first radiation patch includes:
a fourth rectangular patch 201 disposed close to the first long side and the first short side of the dielectric substrate 100 and between the ground patch 400 and the first long side; the fourth rectangular patch 201 is connected to a feeder;
a fifth rectangular patch 202 connected to the fourth rectangular patch 201 and located between the ground patch 400 and the first short side; the fifth rectangular patch 202 is connected to the first end of the impedance matching member 300;
the second radiation patch is:
a sixth rectangular patch 203 connected to the second end of the impedance matching member 300 and located between the ground patch 400 and the first short side.
Specifically, the first radiation patch of the present application includes a fourth rectangular patch 201 and a fifth rectangular patch 202, and the second radiation patch is a sixth rectangular patch 203, and its specific structure is as follows:
the dielectric substrate 100 is a rectangular substrate and includes a first long side, a second long side, a first short side, and a second short side. The fourth rectangular patch 201 is close to the first long side and the first short side of the dielectric substrate 100, the fourth rectangular patch 201 is located between the first long side of the ground patch 400 and the rectangular substrate, because the first rectangular patch 601 is located between the first long side of the feed patch 200 (the first radiation patch + the second radiation patch) and the rectangular substrate, the fourth rectangular patch 201 is specifically located between the ground patch 400 and the first rectangular patch 601, a certain distance is provided between the fourth rectangular patch 201 and the ground patch 400, a certain distance is provided between the fourth rectangular patch 201 and the first rectangular patch 601, and the long side of the fourth rectangular patch 201 can be parallel to the long side of the rectangular substrate. On the fourth rectangular patch 201, a short side away from the first short side of the dielectric substrate 100 is provided with a feeding point a for connecting a feeding line.
The fifth rectangular patch 202 is connected to the fourth rectangular patch 201, the fifth rectangular patch 202 is located between the ground patch 400 and the first short side of the rectangular substrate, because the second rectangular patch 602 is located between the feed patch 200 and the first short side of the rectangular substrate, the fifth rectangular patch 202 is specifically located between the ground patch 400 and the second rectangular patch 602, a certain distance is provided between the fifth rectangular patch 202 and the ground patch 400, a certain distance is provided between the fifth rectangular patch 202 and the second rectangular patch 602, the long side of the fifth rectangular patch 202 can be parallel to the short side of the rectangular substrate, and the fifth rectangular patch 202 and the fourth rectangular patch 201 are equivalent to two right-angled sides. On the fifth rectangular patch 202, a short side away from the first long side of the dielectric substrate 100 is provided with a connection point for connecting a first end of the impedance matching member 300.
The sixth rectangular patch 203 is connected to the second end of the impedance matching member 300, the sixth rectangular patch 203 is located between the ground patch 400 and the first short side of the rectangular substrate, and because the second rectangular patch 602 is located between the feed patch 200 and the first short side of the rectangular substrate, the sixth rectangular patch 203 is specifically located between the ground patch 400 and the second rectangular patch 602, a certain distance is provided between the sixth rectangular patch 203 and the ground patch 400, a certain distance is provided between the sixth rectangular patch 203 and the second rectangular patch 602, and the long side of the sixth rectangular patch 203 can be parallel to the short side of the rectangular substrate. On the sixth rectangular patch 203, a short side close to the first long side of the dielectric substrate 100 is provided with a connection point for connecting the second end of the impedance matching member 300. The long side of the sixth rectangular patch 203 near the first short side of the dielectric substrate 100 is collinear with the long side of the fifth rectangular patch 202 near the first short side of the dielectric substrate 100. The long side of the sixth rectangular patch 203 remote from the first short side of the dielectric substrate 100 is collinear with the long side of the fifth rectangular patch 202 remote from the first short side of the dielectric substrate 100. The short side of the sixth rectangular patch 203 remote from the first long side of the dielectric substrate 100 is collinear with the short side of the second rectangular patch 602 remote from the first long side of the dielectric substrate 100. The first inductor L1 is specifically connected between the sixth rectangular patch 203 and the second rectangular patch 602, and the connection point of the first inductor L1 on the rectangular patch is as far away from the first long side of the dielectric substrate 100 as possible.
It should be noted that, the structural design of the feed patch 200 is beneficial to the design of widening the bandwidth of the antenna, and is beneficial to reducing the occupied area of the antenna, and is beneficial to the miniaturization design of the antenna.
As an alternative embodiment, the impedance matching element 300 is a capacitor C1, and the frequency-reducing element 500 is a second inductor L2.
Specifically, the impedance matching element 300 of the present application may select the capacitor C1, and adjust the impedance of the antenna to the target impedance by changing the capacitance value of the capacitor C1; the frequency-reducing element 500 may optionally include a second inductor L2, and the second inductor L2 is used to increase the length of the antenna to reduce the resonant frequency of the antenna.
As an alternative embodiment, the ground patch 400 includes:
a first ground patch connected to a first end of the frequency down-converter 500;
a second ground patch connected to a second end of the lower frequency part 500.
Specifically, the ground patch 400 of the present application includes a first ground patch and a second ground patch, and its operating principle is:
and the first grounding patch is provided with a grounding point B for grounding treatment. The first ground patch is connected to a first end of the frequency down-conversion assembly 500 and the second ground patch is connected to a second end of the frequency down-conversion assembly 500. The conventional ground patch only includes a first ground patch, and therefore the frequency reducing element 500 and a second ground patch are added on the basis of the first ground patch, so as to increase the length of the antenna, so that the resonance point of the antenna is lower.
As an alternative embodiment, the first ground patch includes:
a seventh rectangular patch 401 disposed close to the first long side and the first short side of the dielectric substrate 100;
an eighth rectangular patch 402 connected to the seventh rectangular patch 401 and located between the seventh rectangular patch 401 and the feed patch 200; the eighth rectangular patch 402 is connected to the first end of the lower frequency piece 500;
the second ground patch is:
a ninth rectangular patch 403 connected to the second end of the frequency down-converter 500 and located between the eighth rectangular patch 402 and the feeding patch 200.
Specifically, the first ground patch of the present application includes a seventh rectangular patch 401 and an eighth rectangular patch 402, and the second ground patch is a ninth rectangular patch 403, and its specific structure is as follows:
the dielectric substrate 100 is a rectangular substrate and includes a first long side, a second long side, a first short side, and a second short side. The seventh rectangular patch 401 is arranged close to the first long side and the first short side of the dielectric substrate 100, and the long side of the seventh rectangular patch 401 may be parallel to the short side of the rectangular substrate. The eighth rectangular patch 402 is connected to the seventh rectangular patch 401, the eighth rectangular patch 402 is located between the seventh rectangular patch 401 and the fifth/sixth rectangular patch of the feeding patch 200, and a long side of the eighth rectangular patch 402 may be parallel to a short side of the rectangular substrate. The long side of the eighth rectangular patch 402 that is further from the first short side of the dielectric substrate 100 coincides with the long side of the seventh rectangular patch 401 that is closer to the first short side of the dielectric substrate 100. The short side of the eighth rectangular patch 402 near the first long side of the dielectric substrate 100 is collinear with the short side of the seventh rectangular patch 401 near the first long side of the dielectric substrate 100.
The ninth rectangular patch 403 is located between the eighth rectangular patch 402 and the fifth/sixth rectangular patch of the feeding patch 200, and a long side of the ninth rectangular patch 403 may be parallel to a short side of the rectangular substrate. The short side of the ninth rectangular patch 403 close to the first long side of the dielectric substrate 100 is collinear with the short side of the eighth rectangular patch 402 close to the first long side of the dielectric substrate 100. Specifically, the frequency reducing member 500 is connected between the eighth rectangular patch 402 and the ninth rectangular patch 403, and the connection point of the frequency reducing member 500 on the rectangular patches is as close as possible to the first long side of the dielectric substrate 100.
It should be noted that the structural design of the ground patch 400 is beneficial to the design of widening the bandwidth of the antenna, reducing the occupied area of the antenna, and facilitating the miniaturization design of the antenna. The antenna of the present application is disposed close to the first long side and the first short side of the dielectric substrate 100 as a whole, and the purpose of this design is that the use loss generated when the antenna is mounted in the device is small.
More specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the antenna designed by the present application has a size of 30.5mm × 9mm (the specific size of the antenna is shown in fig. 4, unit mm), and is designed on a dielectric substrate 100 having a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a thickness of 0.8mm, and the size of the dielectric substrate 100 is 120mm × 60 mm.
The design process of the antenna designed by the application is as follows: antenna 1 as shown in fig. 5 → antenna 2 as shown in fig. 6 → antenna as shown in fig. 2. The antenna 1 consists of a feed patch loaded with a capacitor (0.3pF, which can be formed by connecting in series a plurality of capacitors of 1.2pF value). The antenna 2 consists of an antenna 1 and a ground patch loaded with a second inductor (1.5 nh). The antenna designed by the application comprises an antenna 1, an antenna 2 and a coupling radiation part (a first inductor (which can be formed by connecting a plurality of inductors with the value of 3.9nH in parallel) + an inductive coupling patch).
As shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 shows the reflection coefficients of the antenna 1, the antenna 2 and the antenna of the final design. In the antenna 1, a 1900MHz resonance mode is generated by the feed patch, and the feed patch performs antenna impedance matching by using a 0.3pF capacitor to adjust the resonance mode of the excitation antenna and increase the bandwidth of the antenna. In the antenna 2, the ground patch loaded with the 1.5nH second inductor generates resonant modes at 1540MHz and 2560MHz, increasing the antenna bandwidth. In the final antenna design, one coupled radiating section (first inductive + inductive coupled patch) was added, producing half wavelength mode at 3410MHz and quarter wavelength mode at 1650 MHz. The antenna achieves dual broadband operation by combining all of these modes.
As shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 shows the reflection coefficient of the antenna designed by the present application under the simulation and actual measurement conditions, and the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is from 1555MHz to 2690MHz, and from 3100MHz to 3700 MHz. The antenna designed in the present application can be applied to frequency bands such as GPS (Global Positioning System), GLONASS (Global NAVIGATION System SATELLITE SYSTEM), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), LTE (Long Term Evolution of UMTS technical standard), WiMax (Wireless metropolitan Area Network conforming to IEEE802.16 standard), Bluetooth (Bluetooth), WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network), WWAN (Wireless wide Area Network), and the like. As shown in table 1 below, the coverage frequency band of the antenna designed in the present application and the antenna efficiency and gain under the corresponding coverage frequency band are given (the antenna efficiency of all coverage frequency bands ranges from 60% to 93%, which is an acceptable range for small mobile communication devices):
TABLE 1
As shown in fig. 9-11, two-dimensional radiation measured directional diagrams of the antenna at 1600MHz, 2500MHz, and 3500MHz frequencies are shown, and the results show that the antenna exhibits omnidirectional and dipole-like characteristics in three planes at 1600MHz, 2500MHz, and 3500MHz frequencies.
In summary, the antenna of the present application utilizes the coupling technology, the loading technology, the multi-branch technology and the bending technology to realize the ultra-thin and miniaturization of the antenna, the thickness of the antenna is only 0.8mm, and a compact and low-profile planar multi-band antenna is obtained. Moreover, the reflection coefficient, radiation characteristics, antenna gain and efficiency of the antenna are good in the coverage frequency band.
The application also provides a device comprising any of the above antennas.
Specifically, wearing equipment such as audio amplifier or wrist-watch, bracelet can be chooseed for use to the equipment of this application.
For the introduction of the device provided in the present application, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiments of the antenna, which are not described herein again.
It is further noted that, in the present specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An antenna, comprising:
a dielectric substrate;
the feed patch is arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate and connected with the feeder line;
the impedance matching piece is arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate and connected with the feed patch and is used for adjusting the impedance of the antenna so as to adjust the impedance of the antenna to a target impedance;
the grounding patch is arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate;
the frequency reducing piece is arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate and connected with the grounding patch and is used for reducing the resonant frequency of the antenna;
the feed patch is used for generating a working frequency band covering a first target bandwidth under the combined action of the feed patch, the impedance matching piece, the grounding patch and the frequency reduction piece under the feed excitation of the feed line.
2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the feed patch comprises:
a first radiation patch connected to the feeder line and a first end of the impedance matching member, respectively;
and the second radiation patch is connected with the second end of the impedance matching piece.
3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein the antenna further comprises:
the coupling radiation part is arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate and connected with the second radiation patch;
the feeding patch is specifically used for generating a working frequency band covering a second target bandwidth under the combined action of the feeding patch, the coupling radiation part, the impedance matching part, the grounding patch and the frequency reduction part under the feeding excitation of the feeder line; wherein the second target bandwidth is greater than the first target bandwidth.
4. The antenna of claim 3, wherein the coupling radiating portion comprises:
a first inductor connected to the second radiating patch;
and the inductive coupling patch is connected with the first inductor.
5. The antenna of claim 4, wherein the inductively coupled patch comprises:
the first rectangular patch is arranged close to the first long edge and the first short edge of the dielectric substrate and positioned between the feed patch and the first long edge;
the second rectangular patch is connected with the first rectangular patch and positioned between the feed patch and the first short side; the second rectangular patch is connected with the first inductor;
a third rectangular patch connected between the first rectangular patch and the first long side.
6. The antenna of claim 2, wherein the first radiating patch comprises:
a fourth rectangular patch arranged close to the first long side and the first short side of the dielectric substrate and between the ground patch and the first long side; the fourth rectangular patch is connected with the feeder line;
a fifth rectangular patch connected to the fourth rectangular patch and located between the ground patch and the first short side; the fifth rectangular patch is connected with the first end of the impedance matching piece;
the second radiating patch is:
and a sixth rectangular patch connected to the second end of the impedance matching member and located between the ground patch and the first short side.
7. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the impedance matching element is a capacitor and the frequency dropping element is a second inductor.
8. The antenna of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the ground patch comprises:
the first grounding patch is connected with the first end of the frequency reducing piece;
a second ground patch connected to a second end of the frequency dropping component.
9. The antenna of claim 8, wherein the first ground patch comprises:
a seventh rectangular patch disposed proximate to the first long side and the first short side of the dielectric substrate;
the eighth rectangular patch is connected with the seventh rectangular patch and is positioned between the seventh rectangular patch and the feed patch; the eighth rectangular patch is connected with the first end of the frequency reducing piece;
the second ground patch is:
and the ninth rectangular patch is connected with the second end of the frequency reducing piece and is positioned between the eighth rectangular patch and the feeding patch.
10. A device comprising an antenna according to any of claims 1-9.
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| CN202110825171.8A CN113540763B (en) | 2021-07-21 | 2021-07-21 | Antenna and equipment |
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| CN202110825171.8A CN113540763B (en) | 2021-07-21 | 2021-07-21 | Antenna and equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114421121A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-04-29 | 陕西海积信息科技有限公司 | Wearable antenna |
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| CN206340670U (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-07-18 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of multifrequency LTE antenna using new impedance matching structure |
| US20200021019A1 (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2020-01-16 | Apple Inc. | Millimeter Wave Antennas Having Isolated Feeds |
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| CN114421121A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-04-29 | 陕西海积信息科技有限公司 | Wearable antenna |
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