CN113532794A - Polymorphic tidal flat multi-flow state tide, wave and runoff simulation test device and method for U-shaped wave generation on four sides - Google Patents
Polymorphic tidal flat multi-flow state tide, wave and runoff simulation test device and method for U-shaped wave generation on four sides Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polymorphic tidal flat multi-flow state tide, wave and runoff simulation test device with U-shaped wave generation on four sides, which comprises a test water pool system, a tide generation system, a wave generation system, a runoff system, a tidal flat simulation system, an information acquisition system and a control system, wherein the tide generation system is connected with the test water pool system; the tide generating system adjusts the flow state of tide in the test water tank and simulates four-side tide generation according to given tide process parameters; the wave making system adjusts the wave type and elements according to given parameters; the runoff system ensures that the runoff outflow flow is constant, and the runoff condition is simulated according to given parameters; the tidal flat simulation system designs the three-dimensional landform of the tidal flat by using a three-dimensional printing technology, and controls the tidal flat landform, the sediment gradation of a bottom bed and the roughness. The invention can simulate the polymorphic tidal flat parameters to carry out tidal flat related tests such as tide generation, wave generation, runoff and the like, and achieves the purpose of accurately simulating dynamic characteristics of tide, wave and runoff in a polymorphic tidal flat area and a timely space change rule, thereby researching the evolution rule of the polymorphic tidal flat under the action of the tide, the wave and the runoff.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a polymorphic tidal flat multi-flow simulation test device, and particularly relates to a polymorphic tidal flat multi-flow state tide, wave and runoff simulation test device with U-shaped wave generation on four sides.
Background
The tidal flat in the strong tide sea area develops in a large area, and wide land resources are provided for high-strength human activities. Various offshore projects in tidal flat areas, such as ports, channel improvement, reclamation, floating platforms and the like, are subjected to multi-angle comprehensive effects of tidal currents, waves and runoff, and the safety and stability of project structures are influenced. The physical model test is an important research means for solving various practical engineering problems. At present, for an engineering structure simulation test in a marine environment, a further development space is provided for consideration of dynamic characteristics of a tidal zone. The invention needs to invent an experimental device which can consider polymorphic tidal beaches and multiple driving elements, can freely control and simulate various flow states so as to improve the reliability and operability of the experiment.
The tidal flat shape of the strong tidal estuary is influenced by high-intensity human activities, and the terrain is complex. The silt tidal flat usually develops on semi-closed coasts such as coastal estuaries, delta, gulfs and the like, and is under the combined action of various environmental power factors, the power and evolution process of a tidal flat area is complex, and wind wave lifting sand and tidal current sand transportation are important mechanisms for the evolution of the silt tidal flat. At present, under the influence of strong human activities, under the combined action of tides, waves and runoff, the dynamic characteristics and the evolution law of a silt tidal flat area have a space for further deep recognition and understanding. Therefore, a set of test device suitable for various estuaries and marine environments for researching tidal flat dynamic characteristics and evolution of polymorphic tidal flats under the coupling action of tide, wave and runoff has important scientific research value.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the current situation that refined polymorphic tidal beaches and multi-power characteristics need to be considered in a tidal beach simulation test device in a physical experiment, the invention provides a polymorphic tidal beach multi-flow state tide, wave and runoff simulation test device with U-shaped wave forming of a tetrahedral tide. Designing a three-dimensional landform of the tidal flat based on the characteristics of the tidal flat in-situ sample and graded silt, and controlling the grading and roughness of the tidal flat landform and the bottom bed silt; by utilizing a distributed pump group control technology, the generator motor of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump is directly controlled through a frequency converter, and the running speed and running direction of the generator motor of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump are changed, so that the water inlet and outlet flow of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump is adjusted, the model tide level is controlled in real time according to a given tide level process curve, and the purpose of accurately simulating rising and falling tides is achieved; the direction of the guide plate is changed, and the running speed and the running direction of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump motor are combined, so that the control of the tide in the test field is realized, and complex flow states such as rotating flow, reciprocating flow, coastal flow, multidirectional flow and the like are simulated; the runoff outflow flow is constant through the combined action of the constant water level and flow stabilization box, the runoff control pump and the control motor; directly controlling the wave generator by controlling the power distribution cabinet to enable the wave generator to adjust wave types and elements according to given parameters; the tide generating, wave generating and wave flow tests can be carried out aiming at different tidal beach types and wading projects, the number of tide generating boundaries and the number of wave generating boundaries can be freely selected, different wave and water flow working conditions can be set according to test requirements, and the purpose of accurately simulating the actual working conditions is achieved; the polymorphic tidal flat can be simulated, and tide generation, wave generation and runoff tests can be carried out; selecting tidal flat types and driving elements according to working conditions; selecting the number of the boundaries of the tide and the runoff, the directions and types of the tide and the runoff, and the time curve of the tide and the runoff process, and setting parameters of the tide and runoff generating device; wave types, wave-making boundary quantity and wave-making space-time process curve parameters are selected according to working conditions, wave-making device parameters are set, and the purpose of accurately simulating polymorphic tidal flat evolution is achieved.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a polymorphic tidal flat multi-flow state tide, wave and runoff simulation test device with U-shaped wave generation on four sides, which comprises a test water pool system, a tide generation system, a wave generation system, a runoff system, a tidal flat simulation system, an information acquisition system and a control system, wherein the test water pool system is connected with the tide generation system;
the test water tank system comprises a test water tank and a reservoir; a plurality of water reservoirs are uniformly arranged below the test water pool; a drain hole is arranged above the reservoir and used for draining the water body in the test reservoir into the reservoir; a sand sedimentation tank is arranged below the reservoir;
the tide generating system comprises a distributed pump group connected with a reservoir through a first water conveying pipeline, a first filter installed at the tail end of the first water conveying pipeline, and a first water stopping and energy dissipating cover arranged at the water outlet end of the distributed pump group; the first guide plate is arranged above the first water stopping energy dissipation cover and is positioned at the bottom of the test water pool;
the runoff system comprises a constant water level and flow stabilization box connected with the bottom of the test water pool through a second water conveying pipeline, a runoff control pump arranged on the second water conveying pipeline, a second filter arranged on the second water conveying pipeline, a second water stopping and energy dissipating cover arranged at the water outlet end of the runoff control pump, and a second guide plate arranged above the second water stopping and energy dissipating cover, wherein the second guide plate is positioned at the bottom of the test water pool;
The wave making system comprises a plurality of wave making machines arranged on three side walls connected with the test water pool; the vertical energy dissipation box is arranged at the side wall of the test water pool provided with the wave making machine, and the slope type energy dissipation net is arranged at the side wall of the water pool without the wave making machine;
the tidal flat simulation system comprises a silt and sediment reserve tank, a graded sand reserve tank, a sand conveying pipe for connecting the silt and sediment reserve tank with a sand conveying opening at the bottom of a pool test area, a mud pump arranged on the sand conveying pipe, and a three-dimensional printing system arranged on the side face of the pool; wherein the three-dimensional printing system is used for printing a tidal flat basic template;
the information acquisition system is used for acquiring water flow sediment parameters in the test water pool, is connected with the control system and feeds back water level, flow velocity and flow direction data at the boundary to the control system in real time;
the control system comprises a frequency converter, a tide generation control power distribution cabinet, a runoff control power distribution cabinet and a wave generation control power distribution cabinet; and correcting errors according to the water level and wave height data fed back by the information acquisition system, and sending the modified parameters to a frequency converter, a wave generator and a runoff control pump respectively, wherein the frequency converter can change the running speed and running direction of a motor of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump.
Preferably, test pond below evenly arrange 6 cisterns, be the rectangular array mode and arrange, the desilting basin is used for the recovery of tidal flat muddy water experiment back silt after finishing.
Preferably, the distributed pump group of the tide generating system comprises a plurality of groups of submersible pump units; the submersible pump units are uniformly distributed on all sides of the reservoir close to the side edge of the test pool, and each submersible pump unit comprises a first water stopping and energy dissipating cover, a tide generating bidirectional submersible pump and a first water conveying pipe; the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump is a submersible pump which can change the water pumping direction by changing the rotation direction of a motor in the water pump; the reservoir is connected with an inlet at one end of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump one by one through a first water conveying pipe, and a first filter is arranged at the inlet of the first water conveying pipe; a first water-stopping energy-dissipating cover used for weakening water flow impact energy is arranged above an outlet at the other end of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump, and a first guide plate used for changing the direction and the flow state of water flow entering the test water tank is arranged above the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump
Preferably, all the runoff control pumps form a runoff pump group, and each runoff control pump is driven by a runoff control motor; the runoff control power distribution cabinet is connected with and controls the runoff control motor and the second guide plate, the information acquisition system acquires real-time data of flow velocity and water pressure near a test runoff inlet and sends the real-time data to the control system, the control system performs real-time error correction according to a preset test scheme and sends the corrected parameters to the runoff control pump, closed-loop control of the runoff system is realized, and thus constant runoff outflow flow is ensured; the second guide plate is arranged above the second water stopping energy dissipation cover, and the direction of the second guide plate is changed through the runoff control power distribution cabinet, so that the runoff flow state is controlled.
Preferably, the tide generating control power distribution cabinet is connected with and controls the first guide plate and the frequency converter, the frequency converter is connected with the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump, and the running speed of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump is changed by changing the alternating current frequency on the motor of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump; the tide generating control power distribution cabinet is connected with the information acquisition system, corrects errors according to water level data fed back by a water level meter of the information acquisition system and flow rate and flow direction data fed back by a flow rate and flow direction meter, sends the modified parameters to the frequency converter, and changes the running speed and running direction of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump through the frequency converter, so that the inlet and outlet flow of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump is adjusted, and closed-loop control is realized; first guide plate sets up in the two-way immersible pump top of giving birth to the tide, changes the direction of first guide plate through giving birth to tide control switch board, produces the rivers of specific flow state.
Preferably, the wave generation control power distribution cabinet is connected with the information acquisition system, real-time error correction is carried out according to a preset test scheme according to wave height data fed back by a wave height instrument of the information acquisition system and water pressure data fed back by the pressure sensor, and the modified parameters are sent to the wave generator, so that closed-loop control of the wave generation system is realized.
Preferably, the information acquisition system is used for acquiring water flow sediment parameters in the test water pool and is arranged on the movable support above the test water pool; the information acquisition system comprises a wave height instrument, a water level instrument, a flow velocity and flow direction instrument, a wave height instrument, a pressure sensor, a sand content instrument and a topographic instrument, and is connected with the control system to feed back data such as water level, flow velocity and flow direction of the boundary into the control system in real time.
The invention also provides a polymorphic tidal flat multi-flow state tide, wave and runoff simulation test method for the U-shaped wave forming of the test device, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparation work
Forming a tidal flat basic template by adopting a three-dimensional printing device based on the topography and deposition characteristics of the tidal flat, and placing the tidal flat basic template into a tidal flat test area at the bottom of a test pool; taking a proper amount of silt sample from a tidal flat to be researched, and filling the silt sample into a silt reserve tank; configuring graded sand according to test requirements, loading the graded sand into a graded sand storage pool, opening a mud pump which is connected with the bottom of a sediment storage pool and the bottom of a pool test area, conveying a silt sample and the graded sand to a specified research area through a sand conveying pipe in sequence, and arranging the sample according to a tidal flat basic template formed by a three-dimensional printing device, thereby simulating and reducing an actual tidal flat to the maximum extent; keeping the closing state of the drain hole, injecting a proper amount of water into the reservoir, and presetting initial parameters including frequency of a frequency converter and direction parameters of a first guide plate on the tide generation control power distribution cabinet; setting tide generating device parameters according to the given tide generating boundary number, tide generating direction and type and tide generating process time curve; inputting the given wave type, the wave-making boundary number and wave-making space-time process curve parameters on a control power distribution cabinet, and setting wave-making device parameters; if the influence on the tidal flat evolution under the coupling action of the tide, the wave and the runoff is researched, the following steps 2 to 6 are carried out; if only researching the tidal current sand conveying effect, performing the following steps 2, 4, 5 and 6, if only researching the wave sand lifting effect, performing the following steps 3, 4, 5 and 6, and if only researching the influence of the water-involved engineering structure on the tidal current and the waves, not placing a sediment sample, and performing the following steps 2-6;
Starting tide generating bidirectional submersible pump devices in corresponding positions and quantity on a tide generating control power distribution cabinet, starting a test, extracting water from a reservoir by the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump devices, transporting the water through a first water delivery pipe and performing energy dissipation treatment by a first water stopping energy dissipation cover, penetrating through a first guide plate, and entering a test pool according to a set direction, so that the control of the tide flow state in the test pool is realized, and a required flow state is simulated; in the test process, a water level meter of an information acquisition system measures the water level near a distributed pump group in a test water pool in real time and feeds water level data back to a tide generation control power distribution cabinet, a flow rate and flow direction meter of the information acquisition system measures the flow rate and flow direction of water flow near the distributed pump group in the test water pool in real time and feeds the flow rate and flow direction data back to the tide generation control power distribution cabinet, the tide generation control power distribution cabinet corrects errors in real time according to a preset test scheme and sends the modified parameters to a frequency converter and a first guide plate to realize closed-loop control;
Starting wave generator motors at corresponding positions and quantity on the wave generating control power distribution cabinet, manufacturing the wave generators according to wave types set by the wave generating control power distribution cabinet, feeding back wave height and water body pressure real-time data near the wave generators in a test water pool to the wave generating control power distribution cabinet by a wave height instrument and a pressure sensor of an information acquisition system in the test process, correcting real-time errors by the wave generating control power distribution cabinet according to a preset test scheme, and sending the modified parameters to the wave generators to realize closed-loop control of the wave generating system;
Step 4, opening runoff device
Starting runoff control motors in corresponding positions and quantity on a runoff control power distribution cabinet, setting the direction of a second guide plate on the runoff control power distribution cabinet according to test requirements, driving a runoff pump group by the runoff control motors, manufacturing the runoff pump group according to the runoff type set by the runoff control power distribution cabinet, controlling the runoff outflow flow to be constant by the runoff control pump and a constant-water-level flow stabilizing box in the test process, feeding back the flow rate and water pressure real-time data near a test runoff inlet to the runoff control power distribution cabinet by using a flow rate and flow direction instrument and a pressure sensor, correcting real-time errors by the runoff control power distribution cabinet according to a preset test scheme, and sending the corrected parameters to the runoff control pump to realize closed-loop control of a runoff system so as to ensure constant runoff outflow flow;
After a tide generating system, a wave generating system and a runoff system are started and stably operated, measuring the water level, the flow speed, the flow direction, the wave height, the water pressure, the suspended sand concentration and the topographic data of corresponding point positions and sections according to test requirements;
Closing the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump, the wave making machine and the runoff control pump through the control system, opening the drain hole, enabling the water in the test water tank to flow into the reservoir, and automatically sinking the silt in muddy water to the bottom of the reservoir under the action of gravity;
After most of the silt in the reservoir sinks to the desilting pool, starting a mud pump between the muddy water storage pool and the desilting pool, and pumping the high-concentration mud at the bottom of the desilting pool into the muddy water storage pool; a further test can then be carried out.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention can flexibly select the number of tide generating boundaries aiming at different test working conditions, and can achieve the effect of generating tides on four sides to the maximum.
(2) The invention can realize the purpose of simulating various complex tidal flow states such as rotating flow, reciprocating flow, coastal flow, multi-directional flow and the like by changing the running speed and the running direction of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump and the direction of the first guide plate.
(3) According to the invention, the impact energy of water flow is weakened through the arrangement of the first water-stopping energy-dissipating cover and the distributed pump group, and the cooperative work of the information acquisition system, the control system and the distributed pump group is utilized, so that closed-loop control is realized, the error of tidal water flow simulation is reduced, and the reliability of a model test is improved.
(4) The wave generator can flexibly set wave types, wave generating boundary numbers and wave generating time-space process curve parameters aiming at different tidal beach forms and wading projects.
(5) The runoff simulation device ensures that the runoff outflow flow is constant through the combined action of the constant-water-level flow stabilizing box, the runoff control pump and the control motor, thereby achieving the purpose of simulating the actual runoff condition.
(6) The invention can adjust the parameters of tidal current, wave generation and runoff devices in real time through the system industrial personal computer by measuring the data of wave height, water level, flow velocity, flow direction, water pressure, suspended sand concentration and the like by the measuring device, so that the whole system is simulated according to the given tidal current, wave and runoff space-time process curve to form closed-loop control, thereby ensuring the accurate and synchronous acquisition of the data required by the test by the measuring device and improving the test precision.
(7) The invention can generate runoff and tidal flow and waves in multiple directions simultaneously, thereby realizing the coupling simulation of various complicated flow state tidal flows, various wave forms and runoff.
(8) The invention designs the three-dimensional landform of the tidal flat by applying the three-dimensional printing technology, and controls the landform of the tidal flat, the sediment gradation and the roughness of the bottom bed, thereby simulating the landform and the deposition characteristics of the actual tidal flat.
(9) The invention simulates the polymorphic tidal flat by the three-dimensional printing device, and can research the evolution law of the tidal flat under the working conditions of various complicated flow state tides, various wave shapes, waves and runoff and the actions of tidal flow sand transportation and wave sand lifting.
(10) The invention stores and collects the test water through the reservoir, can realize the recycling of the water, reduces the test cost and reduces the waste of water resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall layout of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view B-B of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view through section C-C of the device of the present invention;
in the figure: 1 test pool, 2 reservoir, 3 tide generating control power distribution cabinet, 4 distributed pump group, 5 information acquisition system, 6 drain hole, 7 wave generator, 8 slope type energy dissipation net, 9 wave generating control power distribution cabinet, 10 vertical energy dissipation box, 11 sand conveying port, 12A first guide plate, 12B second guide plate, 13A first water stopping energy dissipation cover, 13B second water stopping energy dissipation cover, 14 tide generating two-way submersible pump, 15 frequency converter, 16A first water conveying pipe, 16B second water conveying pipe, 17A first filter, 17B second filter, 18 slurry pump, 19 muddy water storage pool, 20 runoff pump group, 21 wave height instrument, 22 water level instrument, 23 flow velocity instrument, 24 pressure sensor, 25 sand content instrument, 26 terrain instrument, 27 mud pump, 28 sand conveying pipe, 29 fixed water level tank, 30 runoff control pump, 31 muddy sediment storage pool, 32 level sand distribution pool, 33 runoff control power distribution cabinet, 26 sediment pump, 27 mud pump, 28 sediment storage pool, 34 three-dimensional printing device, 35 muddy water pool.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a polymorphic tidal flat multi-flow state tide, wave and runoff simulation test device with U-shaped wave formation of four-side generated tide comprises a test water pool 1, a water storage tank 2, a tide generation system, a wave formation system, a tidal flat simulation device, an information acquisition system 5 and a control system. Six reservoirs 2 are uniformly arranged below the test water pool 1 and are arranged in a rectangular array mode, and drain holes 6 are formed in the upper portion of the reservoirs 2 and used for draining water in the test water pool 1 into the reservoirs 2. A desilting basin 35 is arranged below the reservoir 2 and used for recovering the silt after the tidal flat muddy water experiment is finished.
The tide generating system comprises a distributed pump group 4, a first guide plate 12A, a first water stopping energy dissipation cover 13A and a first filter 17A; the distributed pump group 4 comprises a plurality of groups of submersible pump units, wherein the submersible pump units are uniformly distributed on all reservoir edges, close to the side edge of the test water pool 1, in all the reservoirs 2, and all the submersible pump units form a shape which is distributed along the side edge of the test water pool. Wherein, two right-angle sides of four reservoirs 2 at the left and right sides of the test pool 1 are respectively provided with seven groups of submersible pump units, and two reservoirs 2 in the middle of the test pool 1 are only provided with eight groups of submersible pump units at one side. Each group of submersible pump units comprises a first water-stopping energy dissipation cover 13A, a tide generating bidirectional submersible pump 14 and a first water conveying pipe 16A. The tide generating bidirectional submersible pump 14 is a submersible pump capable of changing the direction of pumping water by changing the rotation direction of a motor in the water pump. The reservoir 2 is connected with an inlet at one end of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump 14 one by one through a first water conveying pipe 16A, and a first filter 17A is arranged at the inlet of the first water conveying pipe 16A; a first water-stopping energy-dissipating cover 13A used for weakening water flow impact energy is arranged above an outlet at the other end of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump 14, and a first guide plate 12A used for changing the direction and the flow state of water flow entering the test water pool is arranged above the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump 13.
The wave generating system comprises a wave generator 7, a slope type energy dissipation net 8, a vertical type energy dissipation box 10 and a wave generating control distribution box 9; the wave making machines 7 are distributed on three side walls of the test water pool 1 in four groups, and parameters of the wave making machines can be flexibly set according to working condition requirements, so that simulation of multiple wave types in at most three directions is realized, and the given wave type, the wave making boundary quantity and wave making space-time process curve parameters of the distribution room 9 can be controlled through wave making; the slope type energy dissipation net 8 is arranged at the side wall of the test water pool 1 which is not provided with the wave making machine 7, the vertical type energy dissipation box 10 is arranged at the side wall of the test water pool 1 behind the wave making machine 7, the wave reflectivity can be greatly reduced by mixed use of the two wave dissipation devices, the reflectivity is ensured to be below 10%, and meanwhile, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the space can be saved.
The runoff system comprises a runoff pump group 20; the runoff pump group 20 comprises a plurality of runoff pump units, each runoff pump unit comprises a constant water level and flow stabilizing tank 29 connected with the bottom of the test water pool 1 through a second water pipe 16B, a runoff control pump 30 installed on the second water pipe 16B, a second filter 17B installed on the second water pipe 16B, a second water stopping and energy dissipating cover 13B arranged at the water outlet end of the runoff control pump 30, and a second guide plate 12B installed above the second water stopping and energy dissipating cover 13B, wherein the second guide plate 12B is located at the bottom of the test water pool 1.
The tidal flat simulation device comprises a silt and sediment storage pool 31, a graded sand storage pool 32, a mud pump 27, a sand conveying pipe 28 and a three-dimensional printing device 34; forming a tidal flat basic template by using a three-dimensional printing device based on the topography and deposition characteristics of the tidal flat, and placing the tidal flat basic template in a tidal flat test area; the silt sediment sampled in the field is placed in a silt sediment storage pool 31, and the graded sand is placed in a graded sand storage pool 32 according to the sediment allocation required by the test; the mud pump 27 conveys the silt in the silt and silt reserve tank 31 and the graded silt reserve tank 32 to the bottom area of the test water tank 1 in sequence through a sand conveying pipe 28; the silt is arranged according to a tidal flat foundation template formed by the three-dimensional printing device 34.
The control system is used for controlling the first guide plate 12A, the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump 14, the runoff pump group 20 and the wave generator 7 in a closed loop mode according to the parameters acquired by the information acquisition system. The control system comprises a frequency converter 15, a tide generation control power distribution cabinet 3, a wave generation control power distribution cabinet 9 and a runoff control power distribution cabinet 33.
The tide generation control power distribution cabinet 3 is connected with and controls the first guide plate 12A and the frequency converter 15, the frequency converter is connected with the tide generation bidirectional submersible pump 14, and the running speed of the tide generation bidirectional submersible pump 14 is changed by changing the alternating current frequency on the motor of the tide generation bidirectional submersible pump 14. The tide generation control power distribution cabinet 3 is connected with the information acquisition system 5, corrects errors according to water level data fed back by a water level meter 22 of the information acquisition system 5 and flow rate and flow direction data fed back by a flow rate and flow direction meter 23, sends the modified parameters to the frequency converter 15, and changes the running speed and running direction of the tide generation bidirectional submersible pump 14 through the frequency converter 15, so that the inlet and outlet flow of the tide generation bidirectional submersible pump 14 is adjusted, and closed-loop control is realized. The first guide plate 12A is arranged above the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump 14, and the direction of the first guide plate 12 is changed by the tide generating control power distribution cabinet 3 to generate water flow in a specific flow state.
The wave-making control power distribution cabinet 9 is connected with the information acquisition system 5, and real-time error correction is carried out according to a preset test scheme according to wave height data fed back by a wave height instrument 21 of the information acquisition system 5 and water pressure data fed back by a pressure sensor 24, and the modified parameters are sent to the wave making machine 7, so that closed-loop control of the wave making system is realized.
The runoff control power distribution cabinet 33 is connected with the information acquisition system 5, real-time error correction is carried out on a preset test scheme according to the real-time data of the flow rate near the runoff inlet and the water pressure fed back by the flow rate and flow direction instrument 23 and the pressure sensor 24, the modified parameters are sent to the runoff control pump 30, closed-loop control of the runoff system is achieved, and therefore the runoff outflow flow is guaranteed to be constant. The second guide plate 12B is arranged above the second water stop energy dissipation cover 13B, and the direction of the second guide plate 12B is changed through the runoff control power distribution cabinet 33, so that the runoff flow state is controlled.
The information acquisition system 5 is used for acquiring water flow parameters in the test pool. The information acquisition system 5 comprises a wave height instrument 21, a water level instrument 22, a flow velocity and flow direction instrument 23, a pressure sensor 24, a sand content instrument 25 and a topographic instrument 26, is arranged in the test pool 1, is connected with the tide generation control power distribution cabinet 3 and the wave generation control power distribution cabinet 9, and feeds back water level, flow velocity, flow direction, wave height, water pressure, suspended sand concentration and topographic water depth data at the boundary to the control system in real time.
The implementation process of the invention is as follows: according to the test requirements, determining a test scheme, including the boundary of the tidal flow to be generated in the test pool and relevant parameters such as the flow state, the flow speed and the like of the tidal flow. Keeping the drain hole 6 closed, and injecting a proper amount of water into the reservoir 2, wherein the water injection amount is based on meeting the test requirement. Parameters such as the frequency of a frequency converter 15, the direction of the first guide plate 12A, the number of tide generating boundaries and the like are set on the tide generating control power distribution cabinet 3, the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump 14 is started, and a test is started. The tide generating bidirectional submersible pump 14 is used for pumping water from the water storage tank 2, and the water passes through the first guide plate 12A through the transportation of the first water conveying pipe 16A and the energy dissipation treatment of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump 13 and flows out according to a set direction, so that the control of the tide flow state in the test field is realized.
The invention relates to a polymorphic tidal flat multi-flow state tide, wave and runoff simulation test method by utilizing U-shaped wave formation of four tidal waves, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparation work
Based on the topography and deposition characteristics of the tidal flat, a three-dimensional printing device 34 is adopted to form a tidal flat basic template, and the tidal flat basic template is placed in a tidal flat test area at the bottom of the test pool 1; taking a proper amount of silt sample from a tidal flat to be researched, and filling the silt sample into a silt reserve tank 31; configuring graded sand according to test requirements, loading the graded sand into a graded sand storage pool 32, opening a mud pump 27 connecting a silt storage pool (a silt storage pool 31 and the graded sand storage pool 32) with the bottom of a pool test area, conveying silt samples and graded sand to a specified research area through a sand conveying pipe 28 in sequence, and arranging the samples according to a tidal flat basic template formed by a three-dimensional printing device 34, so as to simulate and reduce an actual tidal flat to the maximum extent; keeping the closing state of the drain hole 6, injecting a proper amount of water into the reservoir 2, and presetting initial parameters on the control power distribution cabinet, wherein the initial parameters comprise the frequency of the frequency converter 15 and the direction parameters of the first guide plate 12A; setting tide generating device parameters according to the given tide generating boundary number, tide generating direction and type and tide generating process time curve; inputting the given wave type, the wave-making boundary number and wave-making space-time process curve parameters on a control power distribution cabinet, and setting wave-making device parameters; if the influence on the tidal flat evolution under the coupling action of the tide, the wave and the runoff is researched, the following steps 2 to 6 are carried out; if only researching the tidal current sand conveying effect, performing the following steps 2, 4, 5 and 6, if only researching the wave sand lifting effect, performing the following steps 3, 4, 5 and 6, and if only researching the influence of the water-involved engineering structure on the tidal current and the waves, not placing a sediment sample, and performing the following steps 2-6;
Starting the tide generating bidirectional submersible pumps 14 at corresponding positions and quantities on the tide generating power distribution control cabinet 3, starting a test, pumping water from the reservoir 2 by the tide generating bidirectional submersible pumps 14, transporting the water through a first water conveying pipe 16A and performing energy dissipation treatment on a first water-stopping energy dissipation cover 13A, penetrating through a first guide plate 12A, and entering the test pool 1 according to a set direction, so that the control of the tidal current flow state in the test field is realized, and complex flow states such as rotary flow, reciprocating flow, shore flow, multi-directional flow and the like are simulated; in the test process, the water level meter 22 measures the water level near the distributed pump group in the test pool in real time, and feeds water level data back to the tide generating power distribution control cabinet 3, the flow rate and flow direction meter 23 measures the flow rate and flow direction of water flow near the distributed pump group 4 in the test pool in real time, and feeds the flow rate and flow direction data back to the tide generating control power distribution cabinet 3, the tide generating control power distribution cabinet 3 corrects errors in real time according to a preset test scheme, and sends the modified parameters to the frequency converter 15 and the first guide plate 12A, so that closed-loop control is realized;
Starting wave generator motors at corresponding positions and numbers on the wave generation control power distribution cabinet 9, driving the wave generators by the wave generator motors, manufacturing the wave generators 7 according to wave types set by the wave generation control power distribution cabinet 9, feeding back real-time data of wave height and water body pressure near the wave generators 7 in the test pool 1 to the wave generation control power distribution cabinet 9 by the wave height gauge 21 and the pressure sensor 24 in the test process, correcting real-time errors by the wave generation control power distribution cabinet 9 according to a preset test scheme, and sending the modified parameters to the wave generators 7 to realize closed-loop control of a wave generation system;
Step 4, opening runoff device
Starting runoff control motors in corresponding positions and quantity on a runoff control power distribution cabinet 33, arranging the direction of a second guide plate 12B on the runoff control power distribution cabinet 33 according to test requirements, driving a runoff pump group 20 by the runoff control motors, manufacturing the runoff pump group 20 according to the runoff type set by the runoff control power distribution cabinet 33, controlling the runoff outflow flow to be constant by a constant-water-level flow stabilizing box 29 and a runoff control pump 30 in the test process, feeding back the real-time data of the flow rate and the water pressure near a test runoff inlet to the runoff control power distribution cabinet 33 by using a flow rate and flow direction instrument 23 and a pressure sensor 24, correcting the real-time error of the runoff control power distribution cabinet 33 according to a preset test scheme, and sending the corrected parameters to the runoff control pump 30 to realize the closed-loop control of a runoff system, thereby ensuring the runoff outflow flow to be constant;
After a tide generating system, a wave generating system and a runoff system are started and stably operated, measuring the water level, the flow speed, the flow direction, the wave height, the water pressure, the suspended sand concentration and the topographic data of corresponding point positions and sections according to test requirements;
The tide generating bidirectional submersible pump 14 and the wave making machine 7 are closed by controlling the power distribution cabinet, the drain hole 6 is opened, so that the water in the test water tank 1 flows into the reservoir 2, and the silt in muddy water automatically sinks to the bottom of the reservoir 2 under the action of gravity;
After most of the silt in the reservoir 2 sinks to the silt basin 35, starting a mud pump 18 between the muddy water storage pool 19 and the silt basin 35, and pumping the high-concentration mud at the bottom of the silt basin 35 into the muddy water storage pool 19; if the influence on the tidal flat evolution under the coupling action of the tide, the wave and the runoff is researched, the steps 2 to 6 are carried out; and (3) if the steps 2, 4, 5 and 6 are carried out only by researching the tidal current sand conveying effect, if the step 3, 4, 5 and 6 is carried out only by researching the wave sand lifting effect, and if the influence of the water-involved engineering structure on the tidal current and the waves is only researched, the steps 2 to 6 are carried out without placing a sediment sample.
The innovation point of the invention is that the evolution mechanism of the polymorphic tidal flat under the action of tide, wave and runoff is simulated by controlling the tidal generation, wave generation and runoff systems. Designing a three-dimensional landform of a tidal flat by a three-dimensional printing technology, and controlling the landform of the tidal flat, the sediment gradation of a bottom bed and the roughness; the number of tide generating boundaries can be flexibly selected according to different test working conditions, and the effect of generating tides on four sides can be achieved to the maximum extent, so that complex flow states such as rotating flow, reciprocating flow, coastal flow, multidirectional flow and the like can be simulated; by controlling the operating parameters of the wave making machine, the simulation of three-dimensional regular waves, multi-directional irregular waves and user-defined waves can be realized at most; through the combined action of the constant water level and flow stabilization box, the runoff control pump and the control motor, the runoff outflow flow is constant. In addition, the invention can purify the test water body containing silt, thereby reducing the test cost.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, it should be noted that several modifications and additions can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and additions should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a polymorphic tidal flat many flow state tide, unrestrained, runoff analogue test device of U-shaped wave formation of four sides, its characterized in that: the tidal bank wave generation system comprises a test water pool system, a tidal generation system, a wave generation system, a runoff system, a tidal bank simulation system, an information acquisition system and a control system;
the test water tank system comprises a test water tank and a reservoir; a plurality of water reservoirs are uniformly arranged below the test water pool; a drain hole is arranged above the reservoir and used for draining the water body in the test reservoir into the reservoir; a sand sedimentation tank is arranged below the reservoir;
the tide generating system comprises a distributed pump group connected with a reservoir through a first water conveying pipeline, a first filter installed at the tail end of the first water conveying pipeline, and a first water stopping and energy dissipating cover arranged at the water outlet end of the distributed pump group; the first guide plate is arranged above the first water stopping energy dissipation cover and is positioned at the bottom of the test water pool;
The runoff system comprises a constant water level and flow stabilization box connected with the bottom of the test water pool through a second water conveying pipeline, a runoff control pump arranged on the second water conveying pipeline, a second filter arranged on the second water conveying pipeline, a second water stopping and energy dissipating cover arranged at the water outlet end of the runoff control pump, and a second guide plate arranged above the second water stopping and energy dissipating cover, wherein the second guide plate is positioned at the bottom of the test water pool;
the wave making system comprises a plurality of wave making machines arranged on three side walls connected with the test water pool; the vertical energy dissipation box is arranged at the side wall of the test water pool provided with the wave making machine, and the slope type energy dissipation net is arranged at the side wall of the water pool without the wave making machine;
the tidal flat simulation system comprises a silt and sediment reserve tank, a graded sand reserve tank, a sand conveying pipe for connecting the silt and sediment reserve tank with a sand conveying opening at the bottom of a pool test area, a mud pump arranged on the sand conveying pipe, and a three-dimensional printing system arranged on the side face of the pool; wherein the three-dimensional printing system is used for printing a tidal flat basic template;
the information acquisition system is used for acquiring water flow sediment parameters in the test water pool, is connected with the control system and feeds back water level, flow velocity and flow direction data at the boundary to the control system in real time;
The control system comprises a frequency converter, a tide generation control power distribution cabinet, a runoff control power distribution cabinet and a wave generation control power distribution cabinet; and correcting errors according to the water level and wave height data fed back by the information acquisition system, and sending the modified parameters to a frequency converter, a wave generator and a runoff control pump respectively, wherein the frequency converter can change the running speed and running direction of a motor of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump.
2. The polymorphic tidal flat multi-flow state tide, wave and runoff simulation test device of U-shaped wave formation of the tetrahedral tide as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the experimental pond below evenly arrange 6 cisterns, be the rectangle array mode and arrange, the desilting pond is used for the recovery of tidal flat muddy water experiment back silt.
3. The polymorphic tidal flat multi-flow state tide, wave and runoff simulation test device of U-shaped wave formation of the tetrahedral tide as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the distributed pump group of the tide generating system comprises a plurality of groups of submersible pump units; the submersible pump units are uniformly distributed on all sides of the reservoir close to the side edge of the test pool, and each submersible pump unit comprises a first water stopping and energy dissipating cover, a tide generating bidirectional submersible pump and a first water conveying pipe; the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump is a submersible pump which can change the water pumping direction by changing the rotation direction of a motor in the water pump; the reservoir is connected with an inlet at one end of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump one by one through a first water conveying pipe, and a first filter is arranged at the inlet of the first water conveying pipe; a first water stopping and energy dissipating cover used for weakening water flow impact energy is arranged above an outlet at the other end of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump, and a first guide plate used for changing the direction and the flow state of water flow entering the test water pool is arranged above the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump.
4. The polymorphic tidal flat multi-flow state tide, wave and runoff simulation test device of U-shaped wave formation of the tetrahedral tide as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
all the runoff control pumps form a runoff pump group, and each runoff control pump is driven by a runoff control motor; the runoff control power distribution cabinet is connected with and controls the runoff control motor and the second guide plate, the information acquisition system acquires real-time data of flow velocity and water pressure near a test runoff inlet and sends the real-time data to the control system, the control system performs real-time error correction according to a preset test scheme and sends the corrected parameters to each runoff control pump, closed-loop control of the runoff system is realized, and thus constant runoff outflow flow is ensured; the second guide plate is arranged above the second water stopping energy dissipation cover, and the direction of the second guide plate is changed through the runoff control power distribution cabinet, so that the runoff flow state is controlled.
5. The polymorphic tidal flat multi-flow state tide, wave and runoff simulation test device of U-shaped wave formation of the tetrahedral tide as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the tide generating control power distribution cabinet is connected with and controls the first guide plate and the frequency converter, the frequency converter is connected with the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump, and the running speed of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump is changed by changing the alternating current frequency on the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump motor; the tide generating control power distribution cabinet is connected with the information acquisition system, corrects errors according to water level data fed back by a water level meter of the information acquisition system and flow rate and flow direction data fed back by a flow rate and flow direction meter, sends the modified parameters to the frequency converter, and changes the running speed and running direction of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump through the frequency converter, so that the inlet and outlet flow of the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump is adjusted, and closed-loop control is realized; first guide plate sets up in the two-way immersible pump top of giving birth to the tide, changes the direction of first guide plate through giving birth to tide control switch board, produces the rivers of specific flow state.
6. The polymorphic tidal flat multi-flow state tide, wave and runoff simulation test device of U-shaped wave formation of the tetrahedral tide as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the wave-making control power distribution cabinet is connected with the information acquisition system, real-time error correction is carried out according to a preset test scheme according to wave height data fed back by a wave height instrument of the information acquisition system and water pressure data fed back by the pressure sensor, and the modified parameters are sent to the wave making machine, so that closed-loop control of the wave making system is realized.
7. The polymorphic tidal flat multi-flow state tide, wave and runoff simulation test device of U-shaped wave formation of the tetrahedral tide as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the information acquisition system is used for acquiring water flow sediment parameters in the test water tank and is arranged on the movable support above the test water tank; the information acquisition system comprises a wave height instrument, a water level instrument, a flow velocity and flow direction instrument, a wave height instrument, a pressure sensor, a sand content instrument and a topographic instrument, and is connected with the control system to feed back data such as water level, flow velocity and flow direction of the boundary into the control system in real time.
8. A multi-form tidal flat multi-flow state tide, wave and runoff simulation test method using the test device of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, preparation work
Forming a tidal flat basic template by adopting a three-dimensional printing device based on the topography and deposition characteristics of the tidal flat, and placing the tidal flat basic template into a tidal flat test area at the bottom of a test pool; taking a proper amount of silt sample from a tidal flat to be researched, and filling the silt sample into a silt reserve tank; configuring graded sand according to test requirements, loading the graded sand into a graded sand storage pool, opening a mud pump which is connected with the bottom of a sediment storage pool and the bottom of a pool test area, conveying a silt sample and the graded sand to a specified research area through a sand conveying pipe in sequence, and arranging the sample according to a tidal flat basic template formed by a three-dimensional printing device, thereby simulating and reducing an actual tidal flat to the maximum extent; keeping the closing state of the drain hole, injecting a proper amount of water into the reservoir, and presetting initial parameters including frequency of a frequency converter and direction parameters of a first guide plate on the tide generation control power distribution cabinet; setting tide generating device parameters according to the given tide generating boundary number, tide generating direction and type and tide generating process time curve; inputting the given wave type, the wave-making boundary number and wave-making space-time process curve parameters on a control power distribution cabinet, and setting wave-making device parameters; if the influence on the tidal flat evolution under the coupling action of the tide, the wave and the runoff is researched, the following steps 2 to 6 are carried out; if only researching the tidal current sand conveying effect, performing the following steps 2, 4, 5 and 6, if only researching the wave sand lifting effect, performing the following steps 3, 4, 5 and 6, and if only researching the influence of the water-involved engineering structure on the tidal current and the waves, not placing a sediment sample, and performing the following steps 2-6;
Step 2, opening the tide generating device
Starting tide generating bidirectional submersible pump devices in corresponding positions and quantity on a tide generating control power distribution cabinet, starting a test, extracting water from a reservoir by the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump devices, transporting the water through a first water delivery pipe and performing energy dissipation treatment by a first water stopping energy dissipation cover, penetrating through a first guide plate, and entering a test pool according to a set direction, so that the control of the tide flow state in the test pool is realized, and a required flow state is simulated; in the test process, a water level meter of an information acquisition system measures the water level near a distributed pump group in a test water pool in real time and feeds water level data back to a tide generation control power distribution cabinet, a flow rate and flow direction meter of the information acquisition system measures the flow rate and flow direction of water flow near the distributed pump group in the test water pool in real time and feeds the flow rate and flow direction data back to the tide generation control power distribution cabinet, the tide generation control power distribution cabinet corrects errors in real time according to a preset test scheme and sends the modified parameters to a frequency converter and a first guide plate to realize closed-loop control;
step 3, starting the wave generating device
Starting wave generator motors at corresponding positions and quantity on the wave generating control power distribution cabinet, manufacturing the wave generators according to wave types set by the wave generating control power distribution cabinet, feeding back wave height and water body pressure real-time data near the wave generators in a test water pool to the wave generating control power distribution cabinet by a wave height instrument and a pressure sensor of an information acquisition system in the test process, correcting real-time errors by the wave generating control power distribution cabinet according to a preset test scheme, and sending the modified parameters to the wave generators to realize closed-loop control of the wave generating system;
Step 4, opening runoff device
Starting runoff control motors in corresponding positions and quantity on a runoff control power distribution cabinet, setting the direction of a second guide plate on the runoff control power distribution cabinet according to test requirements, driving a runoff pump group by the runoff control motors, manufacturing the runoff pump group according to the runoff type set by the runoff control power distribution cabinet, controlling the runoff outflow flow to be constant by the runoff control pump and a constant-water-level flow stabilizing box in the test process, feeding back the flow rate and water pressure real-time data near a test runoff inlet to the runoff control power distribution cabinet by using a flow rate and flow direction instrument and a pressure sensor, correcting real-time errors by the runoff control power distribution cabinet according to a preset test scheme, and sending the corrected parameters to the runoff control pump to realize closed-loop control of a runoff system so as to ensure constant runoff outflow flow;
step 5, opening the measuring device
After a tide generating system, a wave generating system and a runoff system are started and stably operated, measuring the water level, the flow speed, the flow direction, the wave height, the water pressure, the suspended sand concentration and the topographic data of corresponding point positions and sections according to test requirements;
step 6, ending the test
Closing the tide generating bidirectional submersible pump, the wave making machine and the runoff control pump through the control system, opening the drain hole, enabling the water in the test water tank to flow into the reservoir, and automatically sinking the silt in muddy water to the bottom of the reservoir under the action of gravity;
Step 7, retest
After most of the silt in the reservoir sinks to the desilting pool, starting a mud pump between the muddy water storage pool and the desilting pool, and pumping the high-concentration mud at the bottom of the desilting pool into the muddy water storage pool; a further test can then be carried out.
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