CN113532366B - Parallelism detection device and method - Google Patents
Parallelism detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113532366B CN113532366B CN202010283222.4A CN202010283222A CN113532366B CN 113532366 B CN113532366 B CN 113532366B CN 202010283222 A CN202010283222 A CN 202010283222A CN 113532366 B CN113532366 B CN 113532366B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/22—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B21/26—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing wheel alignment
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/08—Railway vehicles
- G01M17/10—Suspensions, axles or wheels
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a parallelism detection device and a parallelism detection method, comprising the following steps: the feeding and discharging mechanism is used for transferring the tested workpiece to the fixed driving device; the fixed driving device is used for fixing the tested workpiece and driving the tested workpiece to rotate on a horizontal plane; the measuring mechanism comprises an upper measuring mechanism and a lower measuring mechanism which are respectively arranged above and below the measured workpiece, wherein the upper measuring mechanism and the lower measuring mechanism are selectively contacted with the upper surface and the lower surface of the measured workpiece to measure the parallelism of the upper surface and the lower surface; the control center is used for controlling the actions of all mechanisms, collecting and analyzing the measurement data and outputting the measurement result information. The invention can realize automatic feeding and discharging, automatic detection and data acquisition and analysis of the workpiece to be detected, and has the characteristics of stable and reliable whole measuring process, convenient operation, high detection accuracy and high detection efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement, and particularly relates to a parallelism detection device and method for detecting parallelism of a wheel-mounted brake disc of a railway vehicle.
Background
Parallelism of a wheel-mounted brake disc is one of comprehensive indexes for evaluating manufacturing and assembling accuracy of the wheel disc. The parallelism is too big, and brake pad and brake disc direct acting force are unstable when braking effect, can't form continuous effective braking force, directly influence train operation safety.
Original brake disc parallelism detects adopts artifical hand specialized tool, like a parallelism detection device that discloses in patent number 201920803623.0, includes C shape frame, and datum plate and instrumentation are installed respectively to the tip of two cantilevers of C shape frame, datum plate and instrumentation laminate with two planes that await measuring respectively, and the device detects along rim plate circumference removal. However, the parallelism is detected by adopting a manual operation mode, so that the problems of lower technical stability and poor repeatability exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a parallelism detection device and a parallelism detection method with stable and reliable measurement and high detection precision and detection efficiency.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a parallelism detecting apparatus comprising: the feeding and discharging mechanism is used for transferring the tested workpiece to the fixed driving device; the fixed driving device is used for fixing the tested workpiece and driving the tested workpiece to rotate on a horizontal plane; the measuring mechanism comprises an upper measuring mechanism and a lower measuring mechanism which are respectively arranged above and below the measured workpiece, wherein the upper measuring mechanism and the lower measuring mechanism are selectively contacted with the upper surface and the lower surface of the measured workpiece to measure the parallelism of the upper surface and the lower surface; the control center is used for controlling the actions of all mechanisms, collecting and analyzing the measurement data and outputting the measurement result information.
Further, the feeding and discharging mechanism comprises a track, a moving frame, a lifting frame and a fixing device, wherein the moving frame is arranged on the track through the moving mechanism, the lifting frame is arranged on the moving frame in a lifting manner, the fixing device is arranged on the lifting frame, and the workpiece to be tested is fixed through the fixing device;
preferably, the rails are two parallel rails, the movable frame is a portal frame, the bottoms of upright posts on two sides of the portal frame are connected with the rails through a movable mechanism, lifting frames are respectively arranged on the upright posts on two sides, fixing devices are arranged on each lifting frame, and the tested workpiece is fixed by the aid of the fixing devices on two sides.
Further, the lifting frame at least comprises a horizontal lifting plate, the horizontal lifting plate comprises a connecting part and a mounting part arranged at the front end of the connecting part, the fixing device is fixedly connected with the mounting part, the connecting part is provided with an opening, the opening penetrates through the portal frame upright post, and the lifting plate is lifted by utilizing a lifting mechanism;
preferably, the mounting part is of a U-shaped structure, and the fixing device is fixed in the U-shaped structure of the mounting part through bolts.
Further, the fixed driving device comprises a mounting frame, a rotating mechanism and a clamping and fixing mechanism, the workpiece to be tested is fixed through the clamping and fixing mechanism, the clamping and fixing mechanism is arranged on the rotating mechanism, the rotating mechanism drives the clamping and fixing mechanism and the workpiece to be tested to rotate, the rotating mechanism is arranged on the mounting frame, and the mounting frame is fixed on the workbench;
preferably, the clamping and fixing mechanism comprises a self-centering chuck and a clamping driving motor, wherein the clamping driving motor drives three jaws of the self-centering chuck to move, and the self-centering chuck is clamped on the measured workpiece.
Further, go up measuring mechanism and include first support frame and first probe, lower measuring mechanism includes second support frame and second probe, first support frame and second support frame are fixed on the workstation, first probe and second probe are installed on first support frame and second support frame through horizontal movement mechanism and vertical movement mechanism respectively, first support frame and second support frame divide to establish inside and outside both sides of track or set up the homonymy of track.
Further, the first probe and the second probe are on the same vertical line, or an angle alpha is formed between a contact point of the first probe and the second probe on the surface to be measured and a connecting line of a central point of the workpiece to be measured;
preferably, the angle α is 90 °.
Further, the upper measuring mechanism and/or the lower measuring mechanism further comprise an imaging device, the imaging device is connected with the control center, the imaging device is arranged on the first supporting frame and/or the second supporting frame, and the imaging device is used for automatically collecting the characteristic point positions of the surface of the measured workpiece;
preferably, the feature points include convex points, concave points and disconnection points of split transition positions.
Further, the control center takes the position of a certain characteristic point as a measurement reference zero position of the measured workpiece.
The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the parallelism detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, mounting a workpiece to be tested on an upper and lower feeding mechanism;
s2, the movable loading and unloading mechanism sends the workpiece to be tested to the fixed driving device, the workpiece to be tested is fixed by the fixed driving device, and the loading and unloading mechanism is moved out.
S3, extending a first probe and a second probe in the upper measuring mechanism and the lower measuring mechanism to contact with the upper surface and the lower surface of the measured workpiece;
s4, controlling the fixed driving device to drive the tested workpiece to rotate at least one circle, and detecting the parallelism of the upper surface and the lower surface of the tested workpiece by using the upper measuring mechanism and the lower measuring mechanism;
s5, after the measurement is finished, the workpiece is moved into the feeding and discharging mechanism to be fixedly connected with the workpiece to be measured, and the workpiece to be measured is driven to move out.
Further, the step S3 further includes a step of acquiring a surface feature point of the workpiece to be measured by using the imaging device, taking the acquired certain feature point as a measurement reference zero position of the workpiece to be measured, and the control center controls the first probe and the second probe to stretch and retract in the vertical direction so as to avoid the position of the feature point.
In summary, the parallelism detecting device and method of the invention have the following advantages compared with the prior art:
(1) The invention can realize automatic feeding and discharging, automatic detection and data acquisition and analysis of the measured workpiece through the integral design of the feeding and discharging mechanism, the fixed driving device and the measuring mechanism, and has the characteristics of stable and reliable whole measuring process, convenient operation, high detection accuracy and high detection efficiency.
(2) The invention can realize the direct measurement of the parallelism between the upper surface and the lower surface of the workpiece with larger radial or transverse span, and has wide application range.
(3) The invention can automatically identify the characteristic points such as the mounting position of the fastener in the measured workpiece and the disconnection point at the split transition position, and realizes the automatic crossing of the mounting position of the fastener and the split connection transition position by means of the automatic telescopic function of the probe in the measuring mechanism in the detection process, thereby further improving the detection precision of the device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding and discharging mechanism of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the fixed driving device of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the wheel-mounted brake disc 1, the loading and unloading mechanism 2, the fixed driving device 3, the upper measuring mechanism 4, the lower measuring mechanism 5, the rail 6, the moving frame 7, the upright post 7a, the base 7b, the lifting frame 8, the connecting portion 8a, the mounting portion 8b, the fixing device 9, the moving mechanism 10, the driving motor 11, the rack gear 12, the mounting bracket 13, the supporting leg 13a, the supporting plate 13b, the rotating mechanism 14, the clamp fixing mechanism 15, the self-centering chuck 16, the leveling device 17, the second supporting plate 18, the first supporting frame 19, the first probe 20, the second supporting frame 21, the second probe 22, the imaging device 23, the horizontal driving motor 24, the horizontal driving mechanism 25, the vertical driving motor 26, the vertical driving mechanism 27, and the slide bar 28.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings and detailed description:
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a parallelism detecting device for detecting parallelism between two planes of a workpiece to be detected, in this embodiment, the workpiece to be detected is a wheel-mounted brake disc 1, and the device is suitable for detecting parallelism between friction surfaces of brake discs on two sides after the wheel-mounted brake disc of a railway vehicle of various types is assembled on a wheel. The detection device comprises a loading and unloading mechanism 2, a fixed driving device 3, a measuring mechanism and a control center (not shown in the figure).
The loading and unloading mechanism 2 is used for transferring the tested wheel-mounted brake disc 1 to the fixed driving device 3. The fixed driving device 3 is used for fixing the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 and driving the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 to rotate on a horizontal plane. The measuring mechanism comprises an upper measuring mechanism 4 and a lower measuring mechanism 5 which are respectively arranged above and below the wheel-mounted brake disc 1, the upper measuring mechanism 4 and the lower measuring mechanism 5 can be selectively contacted with the upper braking surface and the lower braking surface of the wheel-mounted brake disc 1, and the parallelism of the upper braking surface and the lower braking surface is measured. The control center is used for controlling the actions of the mechanisms, collecting and analyzing the measurement data and outputting the measurement result information.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the loading and unloading mechanism 2 comprises a track 6, a moving frame 7, a lifting frame 8 and a fixing device 9, wherein the moving frame 7 is arranged on the track 6 through a moving mechanism 10, the lifting frame 8 is arranged on the moving frame 7 in a lifting manner, the fixing device 9 is arranged on the lifting frame 8, and the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 is fixed through the fixing device 9.
Specifically, the track 6 can be directly fixed on the workbench through bolts, and as shown in fig. 2, the track 6 can be firstly installed on the installation seat, and the installation seat is fixed on the workbench through bolts, so that the contact area between the track 6 and the workbench is increased, and the structural strength of the whole feeding and discharging mechanism 2 is improved. In this embodiment, since the radial or transverse span of the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 is large and the weight is also large, the moving frame 7 is preferably a portal frame, and more preferably two portal frames arranged in parallel along the length direction of the rail 6 are adopted, the rail 6 is two parallel linear rails, the bottoms of the upright posts 7a on two sides of the moving frame 7 are connected with the rail 6 through the moving mechanism 10, and the moving frame 7 can move linearly along the rail 6. Of course, the moving frame 7 may be a single gantry, or may be other structures, for example, a gantry may be disposed on each track, and the gantry is parallel to the track.
The moving mechanism 10 comprises a driving motor 11 and a rack transmission mechanism 12, racks in the rack transmission mechanism 12 are arranged on the inner side of the track 6 and are parallel to the track 6, a base 7b is arranged at the bottom of a stand column 7a of the moving frame 7, two stand columns 7a and the driving motor 11 on the same side are arranged on the base 7b, and the base 7b is arranged above the track 6. The rack transmission mechanism 12 is only arranged on one side of the track 6, the bottom surface of the side base 7b is provided with teeth meshed with racks, the driving motor 11 drives the driving gear to rotate through the speed reducer, the driving gear is matched with the racks on the inner side surface of the track, and the driving motor 11 drives the moving frame 7 to move along the direction of the track 6 when driving the racks to linearly move. The other side rail 6 is provided with a first side base 7b having a slide groove (not shown) in which the slide bar 28 is inserted, and the side base 7b slides along the slide bar 28. The moving mechanism 10 is favorable for accurately controlling the moving distance of the feeding and discharging mechanism 2, and the movement is stable and reliable.
The lifting frames 8 are respectively arranged on the upright posts 7a at the two sides of the movable frame 7, each lifting frame 8 at least comprises a horizontal lifting plate, each horizontal lifting plate comprises a connecting part 8a and an installation part 8b arranged at the front end of the connecting part 8a, and the fixing device 9 is fixedly connected with the installation part 8 b. The mounting portion 8b has a U-shaped structure, and the fixing device 9 is fixed in the U-shaped structure of the mounting portion 8b by bolts. The connecting part 8a is provided with two openings, the openings penetrate through the upright posts 7a on the same side of the two portal frames, the connecting part 8a is connected with a lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism can be a hydraulic lifting mechanism or a motor transmission lifting mechanism or a manual lifting mechanism. In order to improve the overall structural strength of the lifting frame 8, vertical reinforcing rib plates are welded above and below the horizontal lifting plate.
Each lifting frame 8 is provided with a fixing device 9, the fixing device 9 can be of a flat plate structure, the fixing devices are fixed on the mounting parts 8b of the lifting frames 8 through bolts, and the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 is supported and fixed through the fixing devices 9 on two sides. The fixing device 9 may have an arc surface at the front end, which matches the hub surface shape of the wheel, and the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 is clamped from both sides by the fixing devices 9 at both sides to achieve fixation. After the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 is sent to a designated position, the lifting frame 8 is controlled to descend, so that the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 falls on the fixed driving device 3 below.
As shown in fig. 3, the fixed driving device 3 includes a mounting frame 13, a rotating mechanism 14 and a clamping and fixing mechanism 15, the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 is fixed by the clamping and fixing mechanism 15, the clamping and fixing mechanism 15 is installed on the rotating mechanism 14, the rotating mechanism 14 drives the clamping and fixing mechanism 15 and the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 to rotate, the rotating mechanism 14 is installed on the mounting frame 13, and the mounting frame 13 is fixed on a workbench.
The clamping and fixing mechanism 15 comprises a self-centering chuck 16 and a clamping driving motor (not labeled in the figure), wherein the clamping driving motor drives three clamping jaws in the self-centering chuck 16 to move in a radial telescopic manner, and the self-centering chuck 16 is clamped and fixed at the central inner hole of the wheel-mounted brake disc 1, so that the wheel inner hole of the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 is centered, clamped and fixed, and further the radial positioning of the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 is realized.
The mounting frame 13 is composed of supporting legs 13a, a first supporting plate 13b and the like, the first supporting plate 13b is mounted on the tops of the four supporting legs 13a, the bottoms of the supporting legs 13a are fixed on the workbench through screws, and the mounting frame 13 is mounted in the middle of the two rails 6. The rotation mechanism 14 employs a rotation motor installed in a space surrounded by the support leg 13a and the first support plate 13 b.
In this embodiment, four leveling devices 17 are further fixed above the first support plate 13b of the mounting frame 13, a second support plate 18 is mounted on top of the leveling devices 17, the second support plate 18 is in an absolute horizontal state by adjusting the four leveling devices 17, the clamping driving motor and the self-centering chuck 16 are fixed on the second support plate 18, and axial positioning of the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 is achieved through the second support plate 18. The output end of the rotating motor passes through the first support plate 13b and the second support plate 18 to be connected with the self-centering chuck 16, and drives the self-centering chuck 16 to rotate.
The upper measuring mechanism 4 comprises a first supporting frame 19 and a first probe 20, the lower measuring mechanism 5 comprises a second supporting frame 21 and a second probe 22, the first supporting frame 19 and the second supporting frame 21 are fixed on a workbench, the first supporting frame 19 and the second supporting frame 21 are respectively arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the track 6, as shown in fig. 1, the first supporting frame 19 is fixed on the outer side of the track 6, and the second supporting frame 21 is fixed between the two tracks 6. Of course, the first support 19 and the second support 21 may also be arranged on the same side of the rails 6, i.e. between two rails 6 at the same time, or outside the rails 6 at the same time.
In this embodiment, the first support frame 19 in the upper measurement mechanism 4 is in an inverted L shape, the horizontal edge of the first support frame 19 extends to the wheel brake disc 1, and the horizontal edge and the vertical edge of the first support frame 19 may be fixedly connected or may be a structure that rotates relatively, and may move into or out of the upper side of the wheel brake disc 1 as required.
The first probe 20 is mounted on the first support frame 19 by a horizontal moving mechanism and a vertical elevating mechanism. The horizontal moving mechanism is mounted on the horizontal edge of the first support frame 19, so that the first probe 20 can move along the horizontal edge of the first support frame 19 to adjust the position in the horizontal direction. The horizontal moving mechanism comprises a horizontal driving motor 24 and a horizontal transmission mechanism 25, wherein the horizontal transmission mechanism can adopt a gear rack transmission mechanism or a turbine vortex rod transmission mechanism, and the horizontal driving motor 24 is arranged at the top of the first supporting frame 19. The vertical lifting mechanism is arranged on the horizontal moving mechanism, and comprises a vertical driving motor 26 and a vertical transmission mechanism 27, wherein the vertical transmission mechanism can adopt a gear rack transmission mechanism or a turbine vortex rod transmission mechanism. The first probe 20 is arranged on a vertical lifting mechanism, the axial direction of the first probe 20 after the first probe 20 is arranged is vertical to the upper braking surface of the wheel-mounted brake disc 1, the vertical lifting mechanism drives the first probe 20 to automatically stretch and retract in the vertical direction, and the horizontal moving mechanism drives the first probe 20 to adjust the position of a measuring point.
In this embodiment, the second support frame 21 in the lower measuring mechanism 5 is in an inverted U shape, and the horizontal side and the vertical side of the second support frame 21 may be fixedly connected, or may be a structure that rotates relatively, and may move into or out of the upper side of the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 as required. One vertical side of the second supporting frame 21 is fixed to the table, and the bottom of the other vertical side is fixed to the first supporting plate 13 b.
The second probe 22 is mounted on the second support frame 21 by a horizontal moving mechanism and a vertical elevating mechanism. The horizontal moving mechanism is arranged on the horizontal edge of the second supporting frame 21, so that the second probe 22 can move along the horizontal edge of the second supporting frame 21, the position in the horizontal direction is regulated, the vertical lifting mechanism is arranged on the horizontal moving mechanism, the second probe 22 is arranged on the lifting mechanism, and the vertical lifting mechanism drives the second probe 22 to automatically stretch in the vertical direction. The second probe 22 is arranged on the vertical lifting mechanism, and the axial direction of the second probe 22 and the lower braking surface of the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 are kept vertical after the second probe 22 is arranged. The structures of the horizontal moving mechanism and the vertical lifting mechanism are the same as those in the upper measuring mechanism 4.
The axial directions of the first probe 20 and the second probe 22 may be on the same vertical line, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the contact point between the first probe 20 and the second probe 22 on the braking surface to be measured and the line connecting the center point of the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 have an angle α, and more preferable that the angle α is 90 °, that is, the horizontal side of the first support frame 19 in the upper measuring mechanism 4 and the horizontal side of the second support frame 21 in the lower measuring mechanism 5 are perpendicular to each other. When the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 rotates for one circle, the first probe 20 and the second probe 22 are respectively contacted with the upper brake surface and the lower brake surface for detection, detection data are transmitted to a re-control center, and the control center corrects the detection result according to the included angle alpha between the first probe 20 and the second probe 22 by recording the relative fluctuation quantity of the first probe 20 and the second probe 22 at two sides, reads the relative runout of the brake discs at two sides, and further determines the parallelism of the upper brake surface and the lower brake surface.
In this embodiment, the upper measuring mechanism 4 further includes an imaging device 23, where the imaging device 23 is connected to the control center, the imaging device 23 is mounted on the first support frame 19, and the imaging device 23 is used to automatically collect the positions of the characteristic points on the upper and lower braking surfaces of the wheel-mounted brake disc 1, where the characteristic points include, for example, the protruding points and the recessed points of the mounting screw, and the disconnection points of the split transition positions. The control center takes a certain characteristic point position as a measurement reference zero position of the wheel-mounted brake disc 1, and measurement is started from the reference zero position during detection. Meanwhile, the control center controls the first probe 20 and the second probe 22 to automatically lift and fall vertically according to the data acquired by the imaging device 2 so as to avoid the position of the characteristic point, for example, the installation position of a fastener can be avoided, and meanwhile, the automatic crossing of the connecting transition part of the split wheel disc can be realized, so that the influence on the detection precision due to the groove at the connecting part is avoided.
A parallelism detection method comprises the following steps:
s1, manually installing a wheel-mounted brake disc 1 to be detected on an feeding and discharging mechanism 2;
s2, starting equipment, moving the loading and unloading mechanism 2, conveying the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 to the fixed driving device 3, lowering the lifting frame 8, enabling the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 to fall onto the fixed driving device 3, starting the clamping driving motor, driving three clamping jaws in the self-centering chuck 16 to move in a telescopic manner along the radial direction, clamping the self-centering chuck 16 at the central inner hole of the wheel-mounted brake disc 1, centering, clamping and fixing the wheel inner hole of the wheel-mounted brake disc 1, finishing centering and clamping of the wheel-mounted brake disc 1, and moving the loading and unloading mechanism 2 out of the station.
S3, adjusting the positions and the lifting heights of the first probe 20 and the second probe 22 in the upper measuring mechanism 3 and the lower measuring mechanism 4, enabling the first probe 20 and the second probe 22 to extend to be in contact with the upper braking surface and the lower braking surface of the wheel-mounted brake disc 1, and automatically extending and setting the probe to zero.
The step S3 further includes a step of acquiring, by using an imaging device, characteristic points on the surface of the wheel-mounted brake disc 1, where the characteristic points include, for example, a protruding point and a recessed point of a mounting screw, and a disconnection point of a split transition position, and the acquired image data is transmitted to a control center, where the control center uses one of the characteristic points as a measurement reference zero position of the wheel-mounted brake disc 1, and the first probe 20 starts to detect from the measurement reference zero position during detection.
S4, starting a rotating mechanism 14 in the fixed driving device 3 to drive the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 to rotate at least one circle, and reading relative runout of the brake surfaces at two sides by recording relative fluctuation amounts of the first probe 20 and the second probe 22 so as to evaluate the parallelism of the upper brake surface and the lower brake surface.
In the rotation process, the control center controls the first probe 20 and the second probe 22 to automatically lift and fall vertically so as to avoid the position of the characteristic point according to the data acquired by the imaging device 2, for example, the installation position of a fastener can be avoided, and meanwhile, the automatic crossing of the connection transition part of the split wheel disc can be realized, so that the influence on the detection precision due to the groove at the connection part is avoided.
S5, after the measurement is finished, the device is moved into the loading and unloading mechanism 2, the fixing device 9 in the loading and unloading mechanism 2 is fixed with the wheel-mounted brake disc 1, the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 is driven by the loading and unloading mechanism 2 to move out of the station, and the unloading of the wheel-mounted brake disc 1 is automatically completed.
The device makes the wheel dress brake disc 1 of being surveyed can realize automatic unloading, automated inspection and data's collection analysis through last unloading mechanism 2, fixed drive arrangement 3 and measuring mechanism's global design, and whole measurement process is reliable and stable, has convenient operation, detects accuracy and detection efficiency's characteristics moreover.
The device can realize the direct measurement of the parallelism between the upper surface and the lower surface of the workpiece with larger radial or transverse span, and has wide application range.
The device can automatically identify characteristic points such as a mounting position of a fastener in a measured workpiece and a disconnection point at a split transition position, realizes automatic crossing of the mounting position of the fastener and the split connection transition position by means of an automatic telescopic function of a probe in a measuring mechanism in a detection process, and further improves the detection precision of the device.
As mentioned above, similar technical solutions can be derived from the solution content presented in connection with the figures. However, any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A parallelism detecting apparatus, characterized by comprising:
the feeding and discharging mechanism is used for transferring the tested workpiece to the fixed driving device;
the fixed driving device is used for fixing the tested workpiece and driving the tested workpiece to rotate on a horizontal plane;
the measuring mechanism comprises an upper measuring mechanism and a lower measuring mechanism which are respectively arranged above and below the measured workpiece, wherein the upper measuring mechanism and the lower measuring mechanism are in contact with the upper surface and the lower surface of the measured workpiece, and the parallelism of the upper surface and the lower surface is measured;
the control center is used for controlling the actions of all mechanisms, collecting and analyzing the measurement data and outputting measurement result information;
the upper measuring mechanism comprises a first supporting frame and a first probe, the lower measuring mechanism comprises a second supporting frame and a second probe, the first supporting frame and the second supporting frame are fixed on the workbench, and the first probe and the second probe are respectively arranged on the first supporting frame and the second supporting frame through a horizontal moving mechanism and a vertical moving mechanism;
the upper measuring mechanism and/or the lower measuring mechanism further comprises an imaging device, the imaging device is connected with a control center, the imaging device is arranged on the first support frame and/or the second support frame, the imaging device is used for automatically collecting the position of a characteristic point on the surface of a measured workpiece, the control center takes the position of a certain characteristic point as a measurement reference zero position of the measured workpiece, the characteristic point comprises a convex point, a concave point and a disconnection point of a split transition position, and the control center controls the first probe and the second probe to stretch in the vertical direction so as to avoid the position of the characteristic point;
the feeding and discharging mechanism comprises a track, a moving frame, a lifting frame and a fixing device, wherein the moving frame is arranged on the track through the moving mechanism, the lifting frame is arranged on the moving frame in a lifting manner, the fixing device is arranged on the lifting frame, and the workpiece to be tested is fixed through the fixing device;
the fixed driving device comprises a mounting frame, a rotating mechanism and a clamping and fixing mechanism, the workpiece to be tested is fixed through the clamping and fixing mechanism, the clamping and fixing mechanism is mounted on the rotating mechanism, the rotating mechanism drives the clamping and fixing mechanism and the workpiece to be tested to rotate, the rotating mechanism is mounted on the mounting frame, and the mounting frame is fixed on the workbench.
2. The parallelism detecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the rail is two parallel rails, the movable frame is a portal frame, the bottoms of upright posts on two sides of the portal frame are connected with the rail through a movable mechanism, lifting frames are respectively arranged on the upright posts on two sides, fixing devices are arranged on each lifting frame, and the workpiece to be tested is fixed by the aid of the fixing devices on two sides.
3. The parallelism detecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the lifting frame at least comprises a horizontal lifting plate, the horizontal lifting plate comprises a connecting part and a mounting part arranged at the front end of the connecting part, the fixing device is fixedly connected with the mounting part, the connecting part is provided with an opening, the opening penetrates through the portal frame upright post, and the lifting plate is lifted by utilizing a lifting mechanism.
4. A parallelism detecting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the installation part is U-shaped structure, fixing device passes through the bolt fastening in the U-shaped structure of installation part.
5. The parallelism detecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the clamping and fixing mechanism comprises a self-centering chuck and a clamping driving motor, wherein the clamping driving motor drives three clamping jaws of the self-centering chuck to move, and the self-centering chuck is clamped on the measured workpiece.
6. The parallelism detecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the first support frame and the second support frame are respectively arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the track or on the same side of the track.
7. The parallelism detecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the first probe and the second probe are on the same vertical line, or an angle alpha is formed between the contact point of the first probe and the second probe on the measured surface and the connecting line of the central point of the measured workpiece.
8. The parallelism detecting apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: the angle α is 90 °.
9. A parallelism detecting method of the parallelism detecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
s1, mounting a workpiece to be tested on an upper and lower feeding mechanism;
s2, the movable loading and unloading mechanism sends the workpiece to be tested to a fixed driving device, the workpiece to be tested is fixed by the fixed driving device, and the loading and unloading mechanism is moved out;
s3, extending a first probe and a second probe in the upper measuring mechanism and the lower measuring mechanism to contact with the upper surface and the lower surface of the measured workpiece;
s4, controlling the fixed driving device to drive the tested workpiece to rotate at least one circle, and detecting the parallelism of the upper surface and the lower surface of the tested workpiece by using the upper measuring mechanism and the lower measuring mechanism;
s5, after the measurement is finished, moving into the feeding and discharging mechanism to be fixedly connected with the measured workpiece, and driving the measured workpiece to move out;
the step S3 further comprises the step of obtaining the surface characteristic points of the tested workpiece by utilizing the imaging device, wherein the obtained certain characteristic points are used as measurement reference zero positions of the tested workpiece, the control center controls the first probe and the second probe to stretch in the vertical direction so as to avoid the characteristic point positions, and the characteristic points comprise protruding points, recessed points and disconnection points of split transition positions.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010283222.4A CN113532366B (en) | 2020-04-13 | 2020-04-13 | Parallelism detection device and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010283222.4A CN113532366B (en) | 2020-04-13 | 2020-04-13 | Parallelism detection device and method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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