CN113531560A - Garbage sludge synergistic drying incineration and NOx and odor synergistic treatment process - Google Patents

Garbage sludge synergistic drying incineration and NOx and odor synergistic treatment process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113531560A
CN113531560A CN202110859009.8A CN202110859009A CN113531560A CN 113531560 A CN113531560 A CN 113531560A CN 202110859009 A CN202110859009 A CN 202110859009A CN 113531560 A CN113531560 A CN 113531560A
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sludge
garbage
drying
incinerator
nox
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王雷
刘玉坤
陈雷
陈丽萍
管志云
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Shanghai Institute for Design and Research on Environmental Engineering Co Ltd
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Shanghai Institute for Design and Research on Environmental Engineering Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/12—Sludge, slurries or mixtures of liquids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a garbage sludge synergistic drying incineration and NOx and odor synergistic treatment process, which comprises the following steps: sending the wet sludge into a drier through a sludge feeding device for drying treatment; extracting high-temperature flue gas from the upper part of the incinerator, introducing the high-temperature flue gas into a drier, and directly contacting wet sludge and the high-temperature flue gas in the drier to ensure that the sludge is in a non-sticky state and finish the drying process; mixing the dried sludge and garbage, and then feeding the mixture into a garbage incinerator for synergetic incineration; or the dried sludge and garbage are respectively added into an incinerator and are incinerated cooperatively; the dried tail gas from the drier contains high-concentration odor and ammonia nitrogen compounds, and directly enters the incinerator, or enters the incinerator for deodorization and NOx removal after being mixed with air by a secondary fan. The invention adopts the technology of combining sludge drying, flue gas recirculation and selective non-catalytic reduction technology, and realizes the cooperative treatment of NOx and odor by the cooperative drying and incineration of garbage sludge.

Description

Garbage sludge synergistic drying incineration and NOx and odor synergistic treatment process
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage sludge treatment, and particularly relates to a garbage sludge synergistic drying incineration and NOx and odor synergistic treatment process.
Background
In recent years, with the development of economy and cities, the land limitation and the environmental protection requirement are improved, and the domestic two-line cities and key cities gradually turn to the treatment technology of sludge incineration, wherein the sludge incineration modes comprise mixed incineration and single incineration. The co-combustion is to use the existing waste incineration power plant, thermal power plant or industrial kiln as auxiliary fuel to utilize the heat value, and co-combust sludge with different drying degrees according to different production process requirements. The independent incineration is different from a mixed incineration disposal mode, and means that a set of complete incineration system is independently built, and the process units comprise sludge drying, flue gas treatment, waste heat utilization and the like, and urban sludge is treated and disposed independently.
In 2020, the national institute of development and improvement and the Ministry of residence and construction jointly issue the implementation of the Requirements for the Reinforcement and weakness of municipal wastewater treatment facilities (national institute of technology [2020] 1234), wherein the promotion of the harmless treatment and resource utilization of sludge is accelerated. The treatment mode of 'biomass utilization + incineration' is encouraged to be adopted in large and medium-sized cities with shortage of land resources. The method specifically uses a waste incineration power plant, a coal-fired power plant, a cement kiln and other cooperative treatment modes as the supplement of sludge treatment.
Patent document CN 104879756B discloses a system and method for co-incinerating semi-dry sludge (with a water content of 25-35%) as a co-incinerating substance, and a method for incinerating sludge after drying sludge, wherein the water content of the semi-dry sludge is limited. Patent document CN 109764340 a discloses a method for co-incinerating semidry sludge and domestic garbage, which utilizes steam generated by a garbage incineration system to indirectly dry the wet sludge, thereby affecting the power generation of the plant. Patent document CN 110513704 a discloses a system and method for co-processing sludge by waste incineration, which uses high-temperature tail gas with a temperature of 140-.
Zhuzhenzhen analyzes 46 representative domestic municipal solid waste incineration power plants in the article of Chinese City furnace-entering household waste heat value analysis, and obtains that the heat value of each municipal solid waste is increased year by year after collecting and sorting a large amount of operation data, and figures 1 and 2 respectively show the change of the waste heat values of Nanjing city and Jiangyin city with the year.
The design of waste incineration takes into account 2 factors, (1) mechanical load, (2) thermal load. The mechanical load corresponds to the amount of waste to be treated in the furnace, and the thermal load corresponds to the amount of heat to be treated in the furnace. With the increase of the heat value of the garbage, the amount of the garbage fed into the furnace is reduced under the designed heat load, so that the actual garbage treatment amount is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems mentioned in the background art, the invention provides a garbage sludge collaborative drying incineration and NOx and odor collaborative treatment process, in particular to a process for achieving collaborative incineration of low-heat-value sludge by blending incineration of sludge when the heat value of garbage is high, and achieving collaborative completion of drying tail gas deodorization and collaborative reduction of NOx through recycling of ammonia gas and flue gas generated by sludge drying; the problem that the mechanical load of the incinerator is reduced due to the increase of the heat value of the garbage can be solved in one process, the capacity of the existing incinerator is fully utilized, and the sludge is treated. Meanwhile, the ammonia gas generated in the high-temperature drying process is utilized to reduce the NOx generated by the incinerator. Compared with the independent incineration of sludge, the method also realizes the synergistic treatment of odor.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a garbage sludge collaborative drying incineration and NOx and odor collaborative treatment process comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: direct drying process
(1) Sending the wet sludge into a drier through a sludge feeding device for drying treatment;
(2) extracting high-temperature flue gas from the upper part of the incinerator, introducing the high-temperature flue gas into a drier, and directly contacting wet sludge and the high-temperature flue gas in the drier to ensure that the sludge is in a non-sticky state and finish the drying process;
step two: synergistic incineration and system pollution abatement
(1) Mixing the dried sludge and garbage, and then feeding the mixture into a garbage incinerator for synergetic incineration; or the dried sludge and garbage are respectively added into an incinerator and are incinerated cooperatively;
(2) the dried tail gas from the drier contains high-concentration odor and ammonia nitrogen compounds, and enters the incinerator for deodorization and NOx removal.
The invention is further set that the dried tail gas from the drying machine contains high-concentration odor and ammonia nitrogen compounds, and the mixed air enters the incinerator for deodorization and NOx removal through the secondary fan.
The invention is further arranged that the temperature of the upper part of the outlet of the incinerator is 850-950 ℃. The dried tail gas from the dryer contains high concentration of odor and ammonia nitrogen compounds, especially NH3Mainly, the temperature of the outlet of the incinerator is 850-950 ℃, the temperature window of selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) is met, the cooperative disposal of pollutants is completed, and the treatment of waste by waste is realized; meanwhile, the dried tail gas from the dryer has low oxygen content, returns to a combustion zone in the incinerator, reduces the oxygen content and local temperature of the combustion zone, enhances the reducing atmosphere, inhibits the conversion of NOx precursors (NCO, HNO and the like) to NOx, and reduces the emission of NOx.
The invention is further set that the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas extracted from the upper part of the outlet of the incinerator is 850-950 ℃.
The invention is further set that the temperature of the dried tail gas discharged from the drying machine is controlled to be 150-250 ℃.
The invention is further set that the water content of the sludge dried in the drier is reduced to 10-60%.
The invention adopts the technology of combining sludge drying, flue gas recirculation and selective non-catalytic reduction technology, and realizes the cooperative treatment of NOx and odor by the cooperative drying and incineration of garbage sludge.
Wherein, the release amount of ammonia in the sludge drying process is mainly divided into an ascending stage, a constant stage and a remarkable descending stage. During the sludge drying process, a large amount of ammonia dissolved in water is converted into nonvolatile ammonium ions such as ammonium bicarbonate by acidic substances such as carbon dioxide generated by the decomposition of carbohydrates. The thermal stability of ammonium bicarbonate is very poor, and almost all ammonium bicarbonate is decomposed to release ammonia in the sludge drying process, which is an important source of ammonia in sludge odor. Under high temperature drying conditions, the release of ammonia gas mainly comes from the decomposition of amino acids in proteins. At a temperature above 300 deg.C, the protein is decomposed to produce amino acid, the amino acid is decarboxylated to produce organic amine, and the organic amine is deaminated and dehydrogenated to produce NH3And HCN.
In the flue gas recirculation, low-temperature and low-oxygen flue gas is returned to a combustion area in the furnace, so that the oxygen content and the local temperature of the combustion area are reduced, the reducing atmosphere is enhanced, and the conversion of NOx precursors (NCO, HCN, HNO and the like) to NOx is inhibited.
The selective non-catalytic reduction means that under the action of no catalyst, a reducing agent is sprayed into a temperature window suitable for denitration reaction to reduce nitrogen oxides in the flue gas into harmless nitrogen and water. Reducing agent in the present invention, especially NH3Spraying the mixture into a hearth region with the temperature of 850-950 ℃, and reacting the mixture with NOx in the flue gas to generate N2And water; NH generated in the sludge drying process3Just can provide a reducing agent, and realizes the concepts of the cooperative treatment of pollutants and the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes. The reaction formula is as follows:
4NH3+4NO+O2—4N2+6H2O。
in summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following significant beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts the sludge high-temperature flue gas direct drying technology, the high-temperature flue gas is in direct contact with the sludge, and the heat utilization efficiency is high;
2. the invention adopts high-temperature flue gas (850 ℃ -950 ℃) extracted by the incinerator as a drying medium, is a direct drying process, and has high factory power generation amount. When driedWhen the source is above 300 ℃, the protein in the sludge is decomposed to generate amino acid, the amino acid decarboxylation generates organic amine, and the organic amine generates NH through deamination and dehydrogenation3. NH at the smoke temperature of 850-950 ℃ in an incinerator3The catalyst and NOx are subjected to reduction reaction, so that odor is eliminated, NOx is reduced, the cooperative treatment of pollutants is realized, and the concept of treating waste by waste is effectively realized;
3. the sludge is directly dried by introducing high-temperature flue gas, the temperature of the dried flue gas is controlled to be between 150 and 250 ℃, the reducing atmosphere in the furnace is realized by recycling the flue gas, the sludge is dried while NOx is reduced, and a denitration reducing agent NH is supplemented3；
4. When the heat value of the garbage deviates from the designed heat value too much, the temperature of the hearth is reduced through the flue gas after the sludge is directly dried, the problem of overtemperature of an incinerator and a waste heat boiler can be effectively solved, and extra sludge disposal benefits can be brought;
5. the initial sludge of the invention is wet sludge with water content of 60-85%, the wet sludge can be directly wet sludge from a sewage treatment plant, and the sludge treatment range is wide after drying and re-burning are completed in a garbage burning plant.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the trend of the calorific value of garbage in different years in a certain plant of Nanjing;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the variation trend of the heat value of garbage in different years in a certain plant in Jiangyun city;
FIG. 3 is a first flowchart of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second flowchart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a garbage sludge synergistic drying incineration and NOx and odor synergistic treatment process, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: direct drying process
(1) Sending the wet sludge into a drier through a sludge feeding device for drying treatment;
(2) extracting high-temperature flue gas from the upper part of an outlet of the incinerator, wherein the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is 850-950 ℃, the high-temperature flue gas enters a drier, wet sludge and the high-temperature flue gas are in direct contact in the drier, and the moisture content of the dried sludge is reduced to 10-60%, so that the sludge is in a non-sticky state, and the drying process is completed;
step two: synergistic incineration and system pollution abatement
(1) Mixing the dried sludge and garbage, and then feeding the mixture into a garbage incinerator for synergetic incineration; or the dried sludge and garbage are respectively added into an incinerator and are incinerated cooperatively;
(2) the temperature of the dried tail gas from the dryer is controlled to be 150-250 ℃, and the tail gas containing high-concentration odor and ammonia nitrogen compounds directly enters the incinerator, or enters the incinerator for deodorization and NOx removal after being mixed with air by a secondary fan.
Figure BDA0003185157110000061
The processing condition and the related benefits are analyzed and calculated by a 600t/d garbage incinerator. Designing a heat value of the garbage: 5852kJ/kg, design thermal load 40.6 MWth; in the analytical calculations, it is assumed that the incinerator design heat load and total throughput are unchanged; when the heat value of the garbage is increased, the designed heat load and the total treatment capacity are ensured to be unchanged by co-burning wet sludge containing 80 percent of water, and the dry basis high heat value of the sludge is 2661Kcal/kg in the calculation.
The benefits of the invention are illustrated by example 2: when the heat value of the garbage is improved by 1229kJ/kg relative to the design value, if no other measures are taken, the long-term safe operation of the garbage incineration unit is ensured, the amount of the garbage entering the boiler is reduced to 495t/d, the heat load of the boiler is ensured to be 40.6MWth, the heat load of the boiler is ensured to be unchanged by co-burning 98t/d of sludge, and the garbage treatment amount can be increased7t/d, NH generated in the sludge drying process3Can reduce NOx emission by 42.5mg/Nm3Because the dried flue gas has low temperature and low oxygen content, reducing atmosphere can be generated for the incinerator, and the concentration of NOx in the incineration process is much lower than that of the conventional garbage incinerator. According to the current market sludge disposal cost of about 400 yuan/ton, 1307 ten thousand benefits (8000 hours of annual operation) can be increased for a single furnace year of a waste incineration power plant; and the waste is treated by waste in the drying and burning process, and the denitration operation cost is low.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (6)

1. A garbage sludge collaborative drying incineration and NOx and odor collaborative treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: direct drying process
(1) Sending the wet sludge into a drier through a sludge feeding device for drying treatment;
(2) extracting high-temperature flue gas from the upper part of the incinerator, introducing the high-temperature flue gas into a drier, and directly contacting wet sludge and the high-temperature flue gas in the drier to ensure that the sludge is in a non-sticky state and finish the drying process;
step two: synergistic incineration and system pollution abatement
(1) Mixing the dried sludge and garbage, and then feeding the mixture into a garbage incinerator for synergetic incineration; or the dried sludge and garbage are respectively added into an incinerator and are incinerated cooperatively;
(2) the dried tail gas from the drier contains high-concentration odor and ammonia nitrogen compounds, and enters the incinerator for deodorization and NOx removal.
2. The garbage sludge collaborative drying incineration and NOx and odor collaborative treatment process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dried tail gas from the drying machine contains high-concentration odor and ammonia nitrogen compounds, and the mixed air from the secondary air fan enters the incinerator for deodorization and NOx removal.
3. The garbage sludge collaborative drying incineration and NOx and odor collaborative treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the upper temperature of the outlet of the incinerator is 850 ℃ to 950 ℃.
4. The garbage sludge collaborative drying incineration and NOx and odor collaborative treatment process according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas extracted from the upper portion of the outlet of the incinerator is 850 ℃ to 950 ℃.
5. The garbage sludge collaborative drying incineration and NOx and odor collaborative treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the dried tail gas discharged from the drying machine is controlled to be 150 ℃ to 250 ℃.
6. The garbage sludge collaborative drying incineration and NOx and odor collaborative treatment process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the moisture content of the sludge dried in the drying machine is reduced to 10% -60%.
CN202110859009.8A 2021-07-28 2021-07-28 Garbage sludge synergistic drying incineration and NOx and odor synergistic treatment process Pending CN113531560A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0140811A2 (en) * 1983-09-13 1985-05-08 Canadian Patents and Development Limited Société Canadienne des Brevets et d'Exploitation Limitée Processes and apparatus for the conversion of sludges
JP2010247111A (en) * 2009-04-17 2010-11-04 Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The Sludge drying system
CN110220204A (en) * 2019-05-17 2019-09-10 武汉深能环保新沟垃圾发电有限公司 A kind of system and method for waste incineration cooperatively processing sludge
CN110513704A (en) * 2019-08-22 2019-11-29 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 A kind of method and system of rubbish and sludge collaboration burning integrated treatment
CN112664943A (en) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-16 浙江三联环保科技股份有限公司 Sludge pyrolysis incineration process
CN113087364A (en) * 2021-04-29 2021-07-09 同济大学 Nitrogen neutralization process of sludge pyrohydrolysis and incineration coupled system

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0140811A2 (en) * 1983-09-13 1985-05-08 Canadian Patents and Development Limited Société Canadienne des Brevets et d'Exploitation Limitée Processes and apparatus for the conversion of sludges
JP2010247111A (en) * 2009-04-17 2010-11-04 Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The Sludge drying system
CN110220204A (en) * 2019-05-17 2019-09-10 武汉深能环保新沟垃圾发电有限公司 A kind of system and method for waste incineration cooperatively processing sludge
CN110513704A (en) * 2019-08-22 2019-11-29 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 A kind of method and system of rubbish and sludge collaboration burning integrated treatment
CN112664943A (en) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-16 浙江三联环保科技股份有限公司 Sludge pyrolysis incineration process
CN113087364A (en) * 2021-04-29 2021-07-09 同济大学 Nitrogen neutralization process of sludge pyrohydrolysis and incineration coupled system

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