CN113530550A - Method for continuously extracting water-containing tailings - Google Patents
Method for continuously extracting water-containing tailings Download PDFInfo
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- CN113530550A CN113530550A CN202110520258.4A CN202110520258A CN113530550A CN 113530550 A CN113530550 A CN 113530550A CN 202110520258 A CN202110520258 A CN 202110520258A CN 113530550 A CN113530550 A CN 113530550A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C50/00—Obtaining minerals from underwater, not otherwise provided for
- E21C50/02—Obtaining minerals from underwater, not otherwise provided for dependent on the ship movements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/02—Settling tanks with single outlets for the separated liquid
- B01D21/04—Settling tanks with single outlets for the separated liquid with moving scrapers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for continuously extracting water-containing tailings, which comprises the following steps: s1: determining a sand mining ship and dividing a mining belt, selecting a cutter suction type sand mining ship according to the characteristic that the granularity of tailings is finer and more uniform, determining the quantity of tailings mined by the sand mining ship every day according to the daily treatment quantity of a selected factory, and considering 10% of super-mining quantity, wherein the width of the mining belt is 1.2-1.4 times of the length of the cutter suction type sand mining ship; s2: the method comprises the following steps of tailing extraction and conveying, namely, placing a determined cutter suction type sand extraction ship in a catchment area of a tailing pond, and conveying ore pulp to a thickener through an overwater floating pipe and a shoreside pipeline by using a mortar pump; s3: and (3) controlling the concentration of the ore pulp, namely increasing the concentration of the ore pulp to be more than 40% by using a thickener, keeping the concentration stable and then entering an ore dressing process. The invention creatively combines the cutter suction type sand extraction ship with the thickener in the mineral separation process, realizes the continuous recovery of the water-containing tailings, ensures that the concentration of the ore pulp meets the mineral separation and selection requirement, and simultaneously, the thickener plays a certain buffering role and can ensure the stability of useful components contained in the ore pulp in a short time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of tailing resources, in particular to a method for continuously extracting water-containing tailings.
Background
Natural resources are an indispensable material basis for human survival and social development, and along with rapid development of economy, resources gradually become bottlenecks which restrict the sustainable development of human economy and society, and how to realize the sustainable development of resources becomes a major problem facing the development of human society.
The development of comprehensive utilization of resources and improvement of the utilization efficiency of the resources are effective ways for realizing sustainable development of the resources, and in the past, due to the limitation of mineral separation technology, many mineral resources are not fully utilized and are discharged into a tailing pond together with tailings for stockpiling. The large amount of stockpiling of the tailings not only occupies land and pollutes the environment, but also easily generates potential safety hazards such as flowing, collapse, landslide and the like, and causes certain troubles for enterprise management and government supervision.
With the progress of the mineral separation technology, under the era background of developing recycling economy and building a conservation-oriented and environment-friendly society, a new field is opened up for relieving resource bottleneck, reducing environmental pollution, recovering the ecology of a mining area and developing the comprehensive utilization research of tailing resources for the sustainable development of resources.
Because the tailings in the mineral processing technological process are mostly discharged in a wet mode, the particle size of the tailings of the metal mine is generally fine, and the moisture contained in the tailings is not easy to evaporate, so that the moisture content of a plurality of tailings ponds which are closed for years is high, particularly catchments appear in different degrees around a valley type tailing pond dam body, the conventional stoping technology, namely mechanical mining, hydraulic mining and the like cannot realize the stoping, and the mining of sand dredger developed due to dredging of river channels and lakes in recent years is influenced by factors such as reservoir area terrain, catchment conditions, ore pulp concentration fluctuation and the like, and the large-scale continuous mining cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the method for continuously extracting the water-containing tailings, which aims at the continuous large-scale extraction of the water-containing tailings, ensures the relatively stable concentration of the ore pulp, meets the requirement of the ore dressing process on the concentration of the selected ore pulp and has wider application range.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method of continuous mining of aqueous tailings, comprising the steps of:
s1: determining a sand mining ship and dividing a mining belt, wherein the type of the sand mining ship selected in the scheme is of a cutter suction type according to the characteristic that the granularity of tailings is fine and uniform, the quantity of the tailings mined by the sand mining ship every day is a constant, the quantity of the mined tailings is determined according to the daily treatment quantity of a selected factory, 10% of super mining quantity is considered, and the width of the mining belt is 1.2-1.4 times of the length of the cutter suction type sand mining ship;
s2: the method comprises the following steps of tailings recovery and conveying, namely, placing a determined cutter suction type sand dredger in a catchment area of a tailings pond, cutting and stirring tailings at the bottom of the pond by utilizing a front rotary reamer device according to a defined mining area range and a defined mining sequence to form ore pulp with a certain concentration, pumping the stranded ore pulp to a thickener by virtue of a mortar pump arranged on the sand dredger through pipelines laid on the water and at the sides of the pond, wherein the conveying distance is 1.5km, the height difference is within 30m, and selecting a high-lift mortar pump with a large flow rate;
s3: the ore pulp thickening control is characterized in that a thickener is arranged, the ore pulp with the mass concentration of 10% -20% is concentrated to 45% -55% through the gravity settling action of the thickener, the thickened ore pulp is discharged from the bottom of the thickener under the action of a rake which is arranged in the thickener and runs at a low speed, and then the thickened ore pulp is pumped to a separation plant through a bottom mortar pump.
As a further scheme of the present invention, the selection of the specific equipment type of the cutter-suction sand dredger in S1 is comprehensively considered according to factors of a mining working face, a working environment, a conveying distance, and a conveying amount.
Furthermore, the daily working hours of the sand production ship in the S1 are 18-22 h/d.
Based on the above scheme, if the conveying distance exceeds 1.5km, the height difference exceeds 30m, or only a small flow rate is needed in S2, a relay conveying scheme, that is, a water pump series connection or a pump station series connection mode, needs to be considered.
Further, in the step S3, a thickener is disposed at a proper position by using the principle of a concentration process of concentrate and tailings in a dressing plant for reference.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method for continuously extracting water-containing tailings, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention creatively combines the cutter suction type sand extraction ship with the thickener in the mineral processing technology, realizes the continuous recovery of the tailings containing water, ensures that the concentration of the ore pulp meets the requirement of mineral processing selection, simultaneously plays a certain buffer role, can ensure the stability of useful components contained in the ore pulp in a short time, and solves the technical problem that the tailings with higher water content cannot be recovered.
2. The invention elaborates the method and the empirical data of the links of equipment type selection, tailing transportation, ore pulp thickening and the like in detail, and has stronger operability.
3. The invention realizes the reutilization of tailing resources, solves a series of problems of land occupation, environmental pollution, potential safety hazard and the like caused by the large-scale stockpiling of the tailings, and provides a brand-new and effective method for the sustainable development of the resources.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mining process of a method for continuously mining water-containing tailings according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic plan layout of an example of the continuous mining method of the aqueous tailings according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method of continuous mining of aqueous tailings, comprising the steps of:
s1: the method comprises the steps of determining a sand mining ship and dividing mining belts, wherein the type of the sand mining ship selected in the scheme is of a cutter suction type according to the characteristic that the granularity of tailings is fine and uniform, the quantity of the tailings mined by the sand mining ship is a constant, the quantity of the mined tailings is determined according to the daily treatment quantity of a selected factory, 10% of excess mining quantity is considered, the reliability of equipment quantity selection can be guaranteed, the width of the mining belts is 1.2-1.4 times of the length of the cutter suction type sand mining ship, the division of the mining belts is mainly based on the working principle of the cutter suction type sand mining ship, the cutter suction type sand mining ship utilizes two steel piles inserted into the bottom as a swing center, and the left swing cable and the right swing cable in the front of a cutter head are alternately retracted, so that a ship body swings back and forth to mine. Therefore, the width of the digging belt is the digging width of the sand dredger, and is mainly determined according to the length of the cutter suction type sand dredger. According to experience, the width of the digging belt is 1.2-1.4 times of the length of the cutter suction type sand dredger;
s2: and (2) tailing mining and conveying, namely, placing a determined cutter suction type sand mining ship in a catchment area of a tailing pond, cutting and stirring tailing at the bottom of the pond by utilizing a front rotary reamer device according to a defined mining area range and a mining sequence to form ore pulp with a certain concentration, pumping the stranded ore pulp to a thickener by virtue of a mortar pump arranged on the sand mining ship through pipelines laid on the water and at the sides of the pond by virtue of a suction pipe, wherein the conveying distance is 1.5km, the height difference is within 30m, and a high-lift mortar pump with a large flow rate is selected.
S3: the ore pulp concentration control is characterized in that a thickener is arranged, the ore pulp with the mass concentration of 10% -20% is concentrated to 45% -55% through the gravity settling action of the thickener, the thickened ore pulp is discharged from the bottom of the thickener by virtue of the action of a rake which is installed in the thickener and runs at a low speed, then the thickened ore pulp is pumped to a separation plant through a bottom mortar pump, and an induced suction type sand dredger is combined with a thickener in a mineral separation process, so that the continuous recovery of water-containing tailings is realized, the concentration of the ore pulp is ensured to meet the requirement of mineral separation and selection, and meanwhile, the thickener plays a certain buffering role and can ensure the stability of useful components contained in the ore pulp in a short time.
It should be particularly noted that the selection of the specific equipment model of the cutter-suction sand dredger in S1 is based on the comprehensive consideration of the factors of the mining working face, the working environment, the conveying distance and the conveying capacity, the daily working hours of the sand dredger in S1 is 18-22h/d, if the conveying distance exceeds 1.5km and the height difference exceeds 30m or only a small flow is needed in S2, a relay conveying scheme needs to be considered, that is, a water pump series connection or a pump station series connection mode is adopted, and a thickener is arranged at a proper position in S3 by taking the reference of the process principle of concentrate and tailing concentration in a concentration plant.
Example 2
The invention relates to a method for continuously recovering water-containing tailings, which is applied to a tailing comprehensive utilization project of a certain mining company, wherein the site of the project belongs to a natural hilly land at the continental margin of gulf, a tailing pond is positioned in a natural sunken basin terrain, magnetically-separated tailings of a certain ultra-large iron mine are discharged, the tailings are associated with useful components such as copper, sulfur and the like in ores after iron separation to a certain extent, the requirements of industrial utilization are met, and the content of metal copper is 0.3-0.5% by exploring the tailing pond, so that the method has higher recovery value.
The length of the tailings pond is about 3km, the width of the tailings pond is about 1km, a dry beach area, an infiltration area and a catchment area are formed from east to west respectively, the catchment area in the tailings pond is unchanged, the moisture content of tailings in the dry beach area is higher because local air is wet and the tailings pond is provided with no engineering facilities such as a flood discharge cave and the like by utilizing natural terrains, and large-scale equipment such as an excavator, a load-carrying truck and the like are easy to sink due to small surface bearing capacity of the dry beach area, so that the traditional extraction process cannot be adopted.
And (4) according to the working conditions, performing extraction of the tailings by adopting a scheme of a cutter-suction sand dredger and a thickener after a plurality of times of investigation and research.
The annual treatment capacity of a selected factory is 400 ten thousand tons, the annual working time is 330 days, the daily treatment capacity is about 12000 tons, and in order to ensure the continuity and reliability of ore supply for the selected factory, the cutter suction type sand dredger equipment adopts a 2-in-1 scheme. According to the sand dredger selection method and related parameters determined by the technical scheme of the invention, 3 JLCSD800 type full hydraulic cutter suction sand dredger are determined and selected, and the main technical parameters are as follows: the ship length is 24m, the clear water flow is 800 m3/h, and the conveying distance is 2000 m.
The width of the digging belt is 30m, in order to ensure that 2 cutter suction type sand mining ships do not influence each other when working simultaneously, 3 digging belts are designed, namely 90m is a recovery unit, each ship is responsible for one recovery unit, and the spacing distance is not less than 60m when two ships work simultaneously. The mining belt is arranged in the east-west direction, the cutter suction type sand dredger is arranged on one side of the catchment area at the junction of the catchment area and the infiltration area, the water depth of the lower water area of the sand dredger is not less than 0.5m of the draft of the ship body, the stoping work is propelled from the catchment area to the infiltration area, and the mined ore pulp is sent to a reservoir side force pump station.
The relay pump station is arranged at the approximate middle position of the tailing pond in the east-west direction and is used for pumping the ore pulp extracted by the cutter-suction type sand extraction ship to the thickener. The thickener is arranged at the east of the tailing pond and is close to the selecting factory.
In the process of concentrating the ore pulp, a 42-unit efficient thickener based on a reinforced concrete structure is selected, and through statistics, under the condition that the thickener allows proper muddy running, the concentration of the extracted ore pulp can be improved to 42 percent, the concentration change is within +/-2 percent, and the concentrated ore pulp is sent to a concentration plant through a mortar pump at the bottom of the thickener to enter the ore dressing process.
In the description herein, it is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. A method for continuous mining of aqueous tailings, comprising the steps of:
s1: determining a sand mining ship and dividing a mining belt, wherein the type of the sand mining ship selected in the scheme is of a cutter suction type according to the characteristic that the granularity of tailings is fine and uniform, the quantity of the tailings mined by the sand mining ship every day is a constant, the quantity of the mined tailings is determined according to the daily treatment quantity of a selected factory, 10% of super mining quantity is considered, and the width of the mining belt is 1.2-1.4 times of the length of the cutter suction type sand mining ship;
s2: the method comprises the following steps of tailings recovery and conveying, namely, placing a determined cutter suction type sand dredger in a catchment area of a tailings pond, cutting and stirring tailings at the bottom of the pond by utilizing a front rotary reamer device according to a defined mining area range and a defined mining sequence to form ore pulp with a certain concentration, pumping the stranded ore pulp to a thickener by virtue of a mortar pump arranged on the sand dredger through pipelines laid on the water and at the sides of the pond, wherein the conveying distance is 1.5km, the height difference is within 30m, and selecting a high-lift mortar pump with a large flow rate;
s3: the ore pulp thickening control method comprises the steps of setting a thickener, concentrating 10-20% ore pulp into 45-55% ore pulp through gravity settling, discharging thickened ore pulp from the bottom of the thickener under the action of a rake which is installed in the thickener and runs at a low speed, and pumping the thickened ore pulp to a separation plant through a bottom mortar pump.
2. The method for continuously extracting aqueous tailings according to claim 1, wherein the type of the specific equipment of the cutter-suction sand dredger in S1 is selected according to the factors of a mining working face, an operation environment, a conveying distance and a conveying amount.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, if the conveying distance exceeds 1.5km, the height difference exceeds 30m, or only a small flow is needed, a relay conveying scheme is considered, namely a water pump series connection or a pumping station series connection mode is adopted.
4. The method for continuous mining of aqueous tailings as claimed in claim 1, wherein a thickener is placed at a suitable position by using the principle of concentration process of concentrate and tailings in the dressing plant in S3.
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| CN202110520258.4A CN113530550A (en) | 2021-05-13 | 2021-05-13 | Method for continuously extracting water-containing tailings |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN114278379A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-05 | 江苏昌泰建设工程有限公司 | Tailing recovery method |
| CN115168446A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-10-11 | 中科三清科技有限公司 | Pollutant tracing method and device and electronic equipment |
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