CN113528752A - Smelting process of steel for carburizing bearing - Google Patents

Smelting process of steel for carburizing bearing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113528752A
CN113528752A CN202110718201.5A CN202110718201A CN113528752A CN 113528752 A CN113528752 A CN 113528752A CN 202110718201 A CN202110718201 A CN 202110718201A CN 113528752 A CN113528752 A CN 113528752A
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steel
molten steel
percent
smelting
content
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赵张发
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Nanjing Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Nanjing Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0087—Treatment of slags covering the steel bath, e.g. for separating slag from the molten metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a smelting process of steel for a carburizing bearing, which comprises the following steps: selecting scrap steel and molten iron hot charge as raw materials, smelting the scrap steel and the molten iron into molten steel in a 100tEBT electric arc furnace, controlling the carbon content of the steel tapping to be 0.06-0.15 percent and the steel tapping temperature to be 1620-1680 percent, and adding aluminum pills for deoxidation during the steel tapping; and (2) sending the deoxidized molten steel to a 100tLF refining furnace for refining, adding a silicon carbide deoxidizer into the molten steel for slag surface diffusion deoxidation during refining to produce white slag, controlling the Si content in the molten steel to be 0.20-0.25%, and controlling the Al content in the molten steel: 0.035-0.050%, and then enters a 100tVD furnace for vacuum degassing treatment; blowing nitrogen gas from the bottom of the ladle in the vacuum process, feeding aluminum according to the target value of the aluminum content after vacuum degassing in a 100tVD furnace, feeding silicon nitride according to the analysis result of the nitrogen, forbidding calcium treatment in the vacuum process, and adjusting the chemical components of the molten steel to the target range after standing. The smelting process is simple and easy to implement, the oxidability of the molten steel is effectively reduced, the purity of the molten steel is ensured, the castability of the molten steel is improved, the smooth pouring in the continuous casting process is ensured, and the smooth production is ensured.

Description

Smelting process of steel for carburizing bearing
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a smelting process of steel for a carburizing bearing.
Background
The carburized bearing steel is used for supporting various mechanical parts, and the working environment of the carburized bearing steel can be ultrahigh temperature, ultralow temperature and strong vacuum, and can also be strong impact, high abrasion, ultrahigh rotating speed and the like. The structural characteristics and working conditions of carburized bearing steel require that bearing parts must have high hardness, wear resistance, contact fatigue strength, good toughness, dimensional stability, corrosion resistance and cold and hot workability.
The bearing ring and the rolling body made of the carburized bearing steel are generally suitable for working temperature of minus 40-140 ℃, can be used under the condition of large impact vibration, and are widely used for bearings for rolling stocks, rolling mills and the like. Therefore, the development of carburized bearings is also important compared to high carbon chromium bearings. The smelting process of the steel for the carburizing bearing has the following problems at present:
1) the steel has high aluminum content in the components, calcium treatment is strictly forbidden, and the castability of molten steel is poor;
2) the steel has high nitrogen content and immature nitrogen increasing process.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a smelting process of steel for a carburizing bearing.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses a smelting process of steel for a carburizing bearing, which comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting scrap steel and molten iron hot charge as raw materials, smelting into molten steel in a 100tEBT electric arc furnace, controlling the carbon content of the tapped steel to be 0.06-0.15%, ensuring the initial molten steel to have lower oxidability, reducing the refining burden, controlling the tapping temperature to be 1620-1680%, and adding aluminum pills for deoxidation during tapping;
(2) and (2) sending the deoxidized molten steel to a 100tLF refining furnace for refining, adding a silicon carbide deoxidizer into the molten steel for slag surface diffusion and deoxidation during refining, making white slag, and controlling the Si content in the molten steel to be 0.20-0.25%, so that the Si content of a finished product meets the judgment requirement, and a space is reserved for feeding SiN cored wires in the subsequent process, wherein the Si content is as follows: 0.035-0.050% to ensure the deoxidizing capacity of the refining furnace, reduce the aluminum feeding amount after vacuum, and then enter a 100tVD furnace for vacuum degassing treatment;
(3) blowing nitrogen gas from the bottom of the ladle in the vacuum process, feeding aluminum according to the target value of the aluminum content after vacuum degassing in a 100tVD furnace, feeding silicon nitride according to the analysis result of the nitrogen, forbidding calcium treatment in the vacuum process, and adjusting the chemical components of the molten steel to the target range after standing.
In the step (1), tapping is carried out when the content of the P element in the molten steel is reduced to less than 0.015%, and for the steel, the P element is a harmful element in the steel, and the low content is beneficial to the performance.
Further, the time for manufacturing the white slag in the step (2) is more than 30min, the white slag indicates that the oxygen content in the slag is very low, the time of more than 30min is to ensure that the oxygen content in the steel and the oxygen content in the slag reach a balanced condition, and the oxygen content in the steel is controlled to be very low when the white slag is more than 30 min.
Further, when the silicon carbide deoxidizer is added into the molten steel in the step (2), the silicon carbide deoxidizer is added into the molten steel in batches of more than or equal to 4 for the following reasons: maintaining a longer diffusion deoxygenation time.
Further, in the step (3), the ladle bottom is blown with nitrogen for a holding time of more than or equal to 20min, so that the hydrogen content in the steel is ensured, and the nitrogen content in the steel is increased.
Further, in the step (3), aluminum and silicon nitride are fed in the form of aluminum wires and silicon nitride core wires.
Further, the molten steel chemical components adjusted in the step (3) comprise, by mass: c: 0.17-0.22%, Mn: 0.70-0.90%, Si: 0.15-0.30%, P is less than or equal to 0.025%, S is less than or equal to 0.010%, Cr: 0.70-0.90%, Mo: 0.03 to 0.10 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.0030 percent of Ti, 0.030 to 0.050 percent of Al and 0.010 to 0.020 percent of N.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the smelting process is simple and feasible, effectively reduces the oxidability of the molten steel, ensures the purity of the molten steel, improves the castability of the molten steel, ensures the smooth pouring in the continuous casting process and ensures the smooth production.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
A smelting process of steel for a carburizing bearing comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting scrap steel and molten iron hot charge as raw materials, smelting the scrap steel and the molten iron into molten steel in a 100tEBT electric arc furnace, tapping when the content of a P element in the molten steel is reduced to 0.012 percent, controlling the carbon content of the tapped steel to be 0.06 percent and the tapping temperature to be 1620 percent, and adding aluminum pills for deoxidation during tapping;
(2) and (2) delivering the deoxidized molten steel to a 100tLF refining furnace for refining, adding a silicon carbide deoxidizer into the molten steel in 4 batches during refining to perform slag surface diffusion deoxidation, gradually reducing the addition amount to produce white slag for 40min, and controlling the Si content in the molten steel to be 0.20 percent, the Al content in the molten steel: 0.035%, then entering 100tVD furnace for vacuum degassing treatment;
(3) blowing nitrogen gas at the bottom of the steel ladle for 20min in the vacuum process, feeding an aluminum wire according to the target value of the aluminum content after vacuum degassing in a 100tVD furnace, feeding a silicon nitride core-spun yarn according to the result of nitrogen analysis, forbidding calcium treatment in the vacuum process, and adjusting the chemical components of molten steel to a target range after standing;
the adjusted molten steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.17%, Mn: 0.70%, Si: 0.15%, P: 0.025%, S: 0.010%, Cr: 0.70%, Mo: 0.03%, Ni: 0.10%, Cu: 0.10%, Ti: 0.0030 percent, 0.030 percent of Al, 0.010 percent of N and the balance of Fe.
Example 2
A smelting process of steel for a carburizing bearing comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting scrap steel and molten iron hot charge as raw materials, smelting the scrap steel and the molten iron into molten steel in a 100tEBT electric arc furnace, tapping when the content of a P element in the molten steel is reduced to 0.008 percent, controlling the carbon content of the tapped steel to be 0.1 percent and the tapping temperature to be 1660 percent, and adding aluminum pellets for deoxidation during tapping;
(2) and (2) sending the deoxidized molten steel to a 100tLF refining furnace for refining, adding silicon carbide deoxidizer to the molten steel in 5 batches for slag surface diffusion deoxidation during refining, gradually reducing the addition amount, making white slag for 50min, and controlling the Si content in the molten steel to be 0.23 percent, Al: 0.040%, and then enters a 100tVD furnace for vacuum degassing treatment;
(3) blowing nitrogen gas at the bottom of the steel ladle for 30min in the vacuum process, feeding an aluminum wire according to the target value of the aluminum content after vacuum degassing in a 100tVD furnace, feeding a silicon nitride core-spun yarn according to the result of nitrogen analysis, forbidding calcium treatment in the vacuum process, and adjusting the chemical components of molten steel to a target range after standing;
the adjusted molten steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.20%, Mn: 0.80%, Si: 0.25%, P: 0.020%, S: 0.008%, Cr: 0.80%, Mo: 0.07%, Ni: 0.08%, Cu: 0.08%, Ti: 0.0025 percent, 0.040 percent of Al, 0.015 percent of N and the balance of Fe.
Example 3
A smelting process of steel for a carburizing bearing comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting scrap steel and molten iron hot charge as raw materials, smelting the scrap steel and the molten iron into molten steel in a 100tEBT electric arc furnace, tapping when the content of a P element in the molten steel is reduced to 0.004%, controlling the carbon content of the tapped steel to be 0.15%, controlling the tapping temperature to be 1680%, and adding aluminum pills for deoxidation during tapping;
(2) and (2) sending the deoxidized molten steel to a 100tLF refining furnace for refining, adding silicon carbide deoxidizer into the molten steel in 6 batches for slag surface diffusion deoxidation during refining, gradually reducing the addition amount to produce white slag for 60min, and controlling the Si content in the molten steel to be 0.25 percent, the Al content in the molten steel: 0.050 percent, and then the mixture enters a 100tVD furnace for vacuum degassing treatment;
(3) blowing nitrogen gas at the bottom of the steel ladle for 40min in the vacuum process, feeding an aluminum wire according to the target value of the aluminum content after vacuum degassing in a 100tVD furnace, feeding a silicon nitride core-spun yarn according to the result of nitrogen analysis, forbidding calcium treatment in the vacuum process, and adjusting the chemical components of molten steel to a target range after standing;
the adjusted molten steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.22%, Mn: 0.90%, Si: 0.30%, P: 0.015%, S: 0.006%, Cr: 0.90%, Mo: 0.10%, Ni: 0.10%, Cu: 0.06%, Ti: 0.0020%, Al: 0.050%, N: 0.020% and the balance Fe.

Claims (7)

1. A smelting process of steel for a carburizing bearing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting scrap steel and molten iron hot charge as raw materials, smelting the scrap steel and the molten iron into molten steel in a 100tEBT electric arc furnace, controlling the carbon content of the steel tapping to be 0.06-0.15 percent and the steel tapping temperature to be 1620-1680 percent, and adding aluminum pills for deoxidation during the steel tapping;
(2) and (2) sending the deoxidized molten steel to a 100tLF refining furnace for refining, adding a silicon carbide deoxidizer into the molten steel for slag surface diffusion deoxidation during refining to produce white slag, controlling the Si content in the molten steel to be 0.20-0.25%, and controlling the Al content in the molten steel: 0.035-0.050%, and then enters a 100tVD furnace for vacuum degassing treatment;
(3) blowing nitrogen gas from the bottom of the ladle in the vacuum process, feeding aluminum according to the target value of the aluminum content after vacuum degassing in a 100tVD furnace, feeding silicon nitride according to the analysis result of the nitrogen, forbidding calcium treatment in the vacuum process, and adjusting the chemical components of the molten steel to the target range after standing.
2. The process for smelting a steel for a carburizing bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), tapping is carried out when the content of the P element in the molten steel is reduced to less than 0.015%.
3. The process for smelting a steel for a carburizing bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the white slag making time in the step (2) is more than 30 min.
4. The process for smelting a steel for a carburizing bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) adding silicon carbide deoxidizer into the molten steel in the step (2) in batches of more than or equal to 4.
5. The process for smelting a steel for a carburizing bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (4) blowing nitrogen to the bottom of the ladle in the step (3) for a holding time of more than or equal to 20 min.
6. The process for smelting a steel for a carburizing bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) feeding aluminum and silicon nitride in the step (3) in the form of aluminum wires and silicon nitride core-spun wires.
7. The process for smelting a steel for a carburizing bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the molten steel chemical components adjusted in the step (3) comprise the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.17-0.22%, Mn: 0.70-0.90%, Si: 0.15-0.30%, P is less than or equal to 0.025%, S is less than or equal to 0.010%, Cr: 0.70-0.90%, Mo: 0.03 to 0.10 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.0030 percent of Ti, 0.030 to 0.050 percent of Al, 0.010 to 0.020 percent of N, and the balance of Fe.
CN202110718201.5A 2021-06-28 2021-06-28 Smelting process of steel for carburizing bearing Pending CN113528752A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102131945A (en) * 2009-01-16 2011-07-20 新日本制铁株式会社 Case hardening steel, carburized component, and method for producing case hardening steel
CN102936689A (en) * 2012-11-23 2013-02-20 中天钢铁集团有限公司 High-temperature-resistant bearing steel and production process thereof
CN104878297A (en) * 2015-05-19 2015-09-02 本钢板材股份有限公司 Production method of low-titanium bearing steel GCr15
CN106661691A (en) * 2014-07-29 2017-05-10 新日铁住金株式会社 Steel for carbonitrided bearing
CN110527909A (en) * 2019-09-11 2019-12-03 本钢板材股份有限公司 A kind of preparation method of the beating steel GCr15 of ultralow titanium containing Cu-J
CN112662833A (en) * 2020-11-18 2021-04-16 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 Smelting method of low-cost high-carbon chromium bearing steel

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102131945A (en) * 2009-01-16 2011-07-20 新日本制铁株式会社 Case hardening steel, carburized component, and method for producing case hardening steel
CN102936689A (en) * 2012-11-23 2013-02-20 中天钢铁集团有限公司 High-temperature-resistant bearing steel and production process thereof
CN106661691A (en) * 2014-07-29 2017-05-10 新日铁住金株式会社 Steel for carbonitrided bearing
CN104878297A (en) * 2015-05-19 2015-09-02 本钢板材股份有限公司 Production method of low-titanium bearing steel GCr15
CN110527909A (en) * 2019-09-11 2019-12-03 本钢板材股份有限公司 A kind of preparation method of the beating steel GCr15 of ultralow titanium containing Cu-J
CN112662833A (en) * 2020-11-18 2021-04-16 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 Smelting method of low-cost high-carbon chromium bearing steel

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Application publication date: 20211022