CN113528316A

CN113528316A - Nucleic acid extraction apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN113528316A
Application number: CN202010296357.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙相鑫; 魏宏泉
Original assignee: Tuoyuan Onebio Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Tuoyuan Onebio Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-15
Filing date: 2020-04-15
Publication date: 2021-10-22

Abstract

The application discloses nucleic acid extraction equipment, deposit mechanism, reagent actuating mechanism and switch actuating mechanism including the kit. The kit storage mechanism is provided with at least one kit position, and the kit position is used for storing a nucleic acid extraction kit filled with reagents. The reagent driving mechanism is used for applying driving force to a piston in a liquid storage chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit so as to drive a reagent in the liquid storage chamber to flow into a reaction chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit and react with a sample in the reaction chamber, and/or drive the reagent in the liquid storage chamber to flow into a washing liquid temporary storage chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit for temporary storage. The switch driving mechanism is used for driving a flow channel switch of the nucleic acid extraction kit to be communicated or closed, so that the reaction solution and/or the reagent in the temporary washing solution storage chamber in the reaction chamber can flow into a purification cavity of the nucleic acid extraction kit through the flow channel for purification, and an extract is obtained. The labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the efficiency of extracting nucleic acid is improved.

Description

Nucleic acid extraction apparatus

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of nucleic acid extraction, in particular to nucleic acid extraction equipment.

Background

Nucleic acid is a biological macromolecular compound formed by polymerizing many nucleotides, and the nucleic acid is often combined with other components (such as protein) in the organism to play a life role. At present, nucleic acid-based molecular diagnosis and detection techniques play an increasingly important role in many fields, and in many fields of research, nucleic acid needs to be separated and purified first and then detected. The traditional nucleic acid extraction mode needs a worker to manually use various reagents and instruments, the operation process is very complicated, time and labor are wasted, only one sample can be extracted at one time, the extraction efficiency is low, and the improvement is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a nucleic acid extraction equipment for solve the problem that the staff manual extraction nucleic acid is wasted time and energy.

The nucleic acid extraction equipment comprises a kit storage mechanism, wherein the kit storage mechanism is provided with at least one kit position for storing a nucleic acid extraction kit filled with reagents;

a reagent driving mechanism for applying a driving force to a piston in a liquid storage chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit to drive a reagent in the liquid storage chamber to flow into a reaction chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit and react with a sample in the reaction chamber, and/or to drive the reagent in the liquid storage chamber to flow into a washing solution temporary storage chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit for temporary storage;

and the switch driving mechanism is used for driving a flow channel switch of the nucleic acid extraction kit to be communicated or closed, so that the reagent in the reaction solution and/or washing solution temporary storage chamber in the reaction chamber can flow into the purification cavity of the nucleic acid extraction kit through the flow channel for purification, and an extract is obtained.

As a further improvement of the nucleic acid extraction equipment, the reagent box storage mechanism comprises a reagent box storage rack, the reagent box storage rack is provided with at least one reagent box clamping groove, and the reagent box clamping groove is used for being detachably clamped and matched with the nucleic acid extraction reagent box.

As a further improvement of the nucleic acid extraction equipment, a plurality of first through holes are formed in the area, corresponding to the storage chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit, of the kit clamping groove, and each first through hole is used for corresponding to one liquid storage pipe in the liquid storage chamber;

the reagent driving mechanism comprises a plurality of first driving pieces, each first driving piece corresponds to one first through hole, and the output end of each first driving piece is used for penetrating through the first through hole and outputting driving force to the piston in the liquid storage pipe.

As a further improvement of the nucleic acid extraction device, the reagent kit slot is provided with a plurality of second through holes in an area corresponding to the switch holes of the nucleic acid extraction reagent kit, and each second through hole is used for corresponding to one switch hole;

the switch driving mechanism comprises a plurality of second driving pieces, each second driving piece corresponds to one second through hole, and the output ends of the second driving pieces are used for penetrating through the second through holes and outputting driving force to the switch piece of the nucleic acid extraction kit.

As a further improvement of the nucleic acid extraction device, the reagent kit clamping groove is provided with a stirring opening in a region corresponding to the reaction chamber of the nucleic acid extraction reagent kit;

the nucleic acid extraction equipment further comprises a stirring driving mechanism, wherein the stirring driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, a rotary disc and a magnetic part, the rotary disc is arranged corresponding to the stirring opening, the magnetic part is used for generating a magnetic field, the magnetic part is arranged on one surface, facing the stirring opening, of the rotary disc so that a reaction chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit in the kit clamping groove is located in the magnetic field, the output end of the driving motor is connected with the rotary disc, and the driving motor is used for driving the rotary disc and the magnetic part to rotate so as to drive the magnetic stirring part in the reaction chamber to rotate.

As a further improvement of the nucleic acid extraction equipment, an air exhaust channel is formed in a region of the kit clamping groove corresponding to the air exhaust hole of the nucleic acid extraction kit, and the air exhaust channel is used for being in sealed communication with the air exhaust hole of the nucleic acid extraction kit;

the nucleic acid extraction equipment further comprises an air pump and an air pumping pipe, wherein one end of the air pumping pipe is connected with the air pump, the other end of the air pumping pipe is communicated with the air pumping channel in a sealing manner, and the air pump is used for pumping gas in the nucleic acid extraction reagent kit.

As the further improvement of nucleic acid extraction equipment still includes the heating member, all be equipped with the heating member on two relative lateral walls of kit draw-in groove, the heating member is used for providing the heating environment for the reaction in the nucleic acid extraction reagent box.

As a further improvement of the nucleic acid extraction equipment, the kit storage mechanism further comprises a limiting part, the limiting part is movably arranged on the kit storage rack, the kit storage rack is provided with a passing position and a blocking position, when the limiting part moves to the passing position, the limiting part does not block the nucleic acid extraction kit from being embedded into and separated from the kit clamping groove, and when the limiting part moves to the blocking position, the limiting part is used for preventing the nucleic acid extraction kit in the kit clamping groove from being separated from the kit clamping groove to move.

As a further improvement of the nucleic acid extraction equipment, the limiting part comprises a limiting rod, one end of the limiting rod is rotatably connected with the reagent box storage rack, and the limiting rod can rotate between a passing position and a blocking position around a rotating connecting end of the limiting rod.

As a further improvement of the nucleic acid extraction equipment, the nucleic acid extraction equipment further comprises a casing, wherein the casing is provided with an inner cavity, the reagent storage mechanism, the reagent driving mechanism and the switch driving mechanism are arranged in the inner cavity of the casing, a taking and placing opening is formed in one side, facing the reagent storage mechanism, of the casing, a door body is arranged on one side of the taking and placing opening, and the door body is used for opening or closing the taking and placing opening.

The beneficial effect of this application:

the nucleic acid extraction device provided by the embodiment comprises a reagent box storage mechanism, a reagent driving mechanism and a switch driving mechanism. When a nucleic acid extraction experiment needs to be carried out, the nucleic acid extraction kit is placed at the kit position, a driving force is applied to a piston in a liquid storage chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit through a reagent driving mechanism, a reagent in the liquid storage chamber is driven to flow into a reaction chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit and react with a sample in the reaction chamber, and/or the reagent in the liquid storage chamber is driven to flow into a washing liquid temporary storage chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit for temporary storage. Then, the flow channel switch of the nucleic acid extraction kit is driven to be communicated or closed by the switch driving mechanism, so that the reaction solution in the reaction chamber and/or the reagent in the washing solution temporary storage chamber can flow into the purification cavity of the nucleic acid extraction kit through the flow channel for purification, and the extract is obtained. Nucleic acid is extracted through the nucleic acid extraction equipment, so that the labor intensity of workers is reduced, the time of the workers is saved, and the efficiency of extracting nucleic acid is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a nucleic acid extraction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of a nucleic acid extraction apparatus in one embodiment of the present application from a perspective;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the nucleic acid extraction apparatus from another perspective in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the storage rack of the reagent cartridge, the first screw motor, the second screw motor and the nucleic acid extraction reagent cartridge according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the storage rack of the reagent cartridge, the first screw motor, the second screw motor and the nucleic acid extraction reagent cartridge from another perspective according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a reagent cassette holder according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of another perspective of a cassette holder according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a first lead screw motor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a second screw motor and a stirring driving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a plasmid extraction kit according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11 is an exploded view of a plasmid extraction kit according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the reservoir, reaction chamber and temporary reservoir of wash solution according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of an alternate embodiment of the reservoir, reaction chamber and temporary reservoir of wash solution;

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the first panel and the closure panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of another perspective of the first panel and the closure panel according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of a second plate and a waste chamber according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the first plate, the closing plate, the second plate, and the waste chamber of an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 18 is a flow chart of an extraction method for extracting bacterial DNA in one embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals: 1000. a nucleic acid extraction kit; 2000. a reagent box storage mechanism; 2100. a reagent box storage rack; 2110. a kit slot; 2111. a first through hole; 2112. a second through hole; 2113. opening the stirring device; 2114. an air extraction channel; 2200. a limiting rod; 3000. a first lead screw motor; 4000. a second lead screw motor; 5000. a stirring drive mechanism; 5100. a drive motor; 5200. a turntable; 5300. a magnetic member; 6000. an air pump; 7000. a housing; 7100. a door body; 8000. a display and control panel;

100. a liquid storage chamber; 110. a liquid storage pipe; 111. a constriction; 112. an opening; 113. a liquid storage cavity; 114. a second-class liquid storage cavity; 200. a reaction chamber; 210. a top cover; 300. a temporary storage chamber for washing liquid; 400. a waste chamber; 500. a first plate body; 510. a placement chamber; 520. a first flow passage; 530. a second flow passage; 600. a second plate body; 610. a third flow path; 620. a fourth flow path; 630. purifying the cavity; 640. a fifth flow channel; 650. a sixth flow path; 660. a seventh flow channel; 670. an eighth flow channel; 680. a switch hole; 700. a closing plate; 710. a second boss portion; 720. a third boss portion; 800. a first boss portion; 900. a slot structure; 1001. and an auxiliary collecting tray.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail in the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments with reference to the figures, in which like elements in different embodiments are numbered with like associated element numbers. In the following description, numerous details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that some of the features may be omitted or replaced with other elements, materials, methods in different instances. In some instances, certain operations related to the present application have not been shown or described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the core of the present application from excessive description, and it is not necessary for those skilled in the art to describe these operations in detail, so that they may be fully understood from the description in the specification and the general knowledge in the art.

Furthermore, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification may be combined in any suitable manner to form various embodiments. Also, the various steps or actions in the method descriptions may be transposed or transposed in order, as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art. Thus, the various sequences in the specification and drawings are for the purpose of describing certain embodiments only and are not intended to imply a required sequence unless otherwise indicated where such sequence must be followed.

The numbering of the components as such, e.g., "first", "second", etc., is used herein only to distinguish the objects as described, and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "connected" and "coupled" when used in this application, unless otherwise indicated, includes both direct and indirect connections (couplings).

The present embodiment provides a nucleic acid extraction apparatus.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 9, the nucleic acid extracting apparatus includes a reagent cartridge storage mechanism 2000, a reagent driving mechanism, a switch driving mechanism, a stirring driving mechanism 5000, an air pump 6000, a heating member, and a casing 7000.

When a nucleic acid extraction experiment needs to be performed, the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 is placed in the kit position of the kit storage mechanism 2000, a driving force is applied to a piston in a liquid storage chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 through a reagent driving mechanism, a reagent in the liquid storage chamber is driven to flow into a reaction chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 and react with a sample in the reaction chamber, and/or the reagent in the liquid storage chamber is driven to flow into a washing liquid temporary storage chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 for temporary storage. Then, the flow channel switch of the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 is driven to be communicated or closed by the switch driving mechanism, so that the reaction solution and/or the reagent in the washing solution temporary storage chamber in the reaction chamber can flow into the purification cavity of the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 through the flow channel for purification, and an extract is obtained. Nucleic acid is extracted through the nucleic acid extraction equipment, so that the labor intensity of workers is reduced, the time of the workers is saved, and the efficiency of extracting nucleic acid is improved.

It should be noted that, in order to better illustrate the inventive concept, the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 is introduced and shown in the drawings, but in practice, the nucleic acid extraction apparatus of the present embodiment may or may not include the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000, i.e., in one embodiment, the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 may be regarded as not being a component of the nucleic acid extraction apparatus but being a target of the nucleic acid extraction apparatus, and in another embodiment, the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 may be regarded as a component of the nucleic acid extraction apparatus. Specifically, the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 may be a nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 for plants, animals, or microorganisms.

Referring to FIGS. 4 to 6, the reagent cartridge storing mechanism 2000 having at least one reagent site for storing the nucleic acid extraction reagent cartridge 1000 containing the reagent.

Referring to fig. 4 to 6, in one embodiment, the reagent cartridge storing mechanism 2000 includes a reagent cartridge storage rack 2100, the reagent cartridge storage rack 2100 has at least one reagent cartridge slot 2110, and the reagent cartridge slot 2110 is used for detachably engaging with the nucleic acid extraction reagent cartridge 1000.

Referring to fig. 4-6, in a more specific embodiment, a plurality of reagent cartridge slots 2110 are horizontally disposed on the reagent cartridge holder 2100. In this embodiment, the reagent kit slots 211 are provided with two rows in the vertical direction, in other embodiments, the reagent kit slots 2110 may also be provided with one row or multiple rows, and the number of each row of reagent kit slots 2110 may be changed according to actual requirements.

The reagent driving mechanism is configured to apply a driving force to a piston in a liquid storage chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 to drive a reagent in the liquid storage chamber to flow into a reaction chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 and react with a sample in the reaction chamber, and/or to drive the reagent in the liquid storage chamber to flow into a wash solution temporary storage chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 for temporary storage.

Referring to fig. 4-7, in one embodiment, the cartridge slot 2110 is formed with a plurality of first through holes 2111 in an area corresponding to the storage chamber of the nucleic acid extraction cartridge 1000, and each of the first through holes 2111 is corresponding to a liquid storage tube in the liquid storage chamber. The reagent driving mechanism comprises a plurality of first driving pieces, each first driving piece corresponds to one first through hole 2111, and the output end of each first driving piece is used for penetrating the first through hole 2111 and outputting driving force to the piston in the liquid storage pipe.

When a certain reagent is required to be driven to flow, the first driving part outputs driving force to the piston in the liquid storage pipe, and the piston presses the reagent in the liquid storage pipe when moving, so that the reagent is driven to flow.

Specifically, referring to fig. 4-8, in an embodiment, the first driving member is a first lead screw motor 3000, the first lead screw motor 3000 is connected to the reagent cartridge storage rack 2100 and disposed above the reagent cartridge slot 2110, and an output end of the first lead screw motor 3000 is aligned with the first through hole 2111, and a linear driving force is output to the piston through the first lead screw motor 3000. In other embodiments, a linear output module, a pneumatic driving element and a hydraulic driving element can be adopted to drive the piston to move.

Referring to fig. 4-6, in one embodiment, the first through hole 2111 has seven or more through holes. In practical use, the quantity of reagents required to be adopted is different due to different types of extracted nucleic acids, wherein seven reagents are required for extracting plasmids, and the quantity of the reagents required for extracting plasmids is the largest in experiments for extracting various nucleic acids, so that the equipment can meet the requirements for extracting various nucleic acids.

The switch driving mechanism is used for driving the flow channel switch of the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 to be communicated or closed, so that the reaction solution and/or the reagent in the temporary washing solution storage chamber in the reaction chamber can flow into the purification cavity of the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 through the flow channel for purification, and an extract is obtained.

Referring to FIGS. 4-8, in one embodiment, the reagent cartridge slot 2110 is used to have a plurality of second through holes 2112 in the area corresponding to the switch holes of the nucleic acid extraction reagent cartridge 1000, and each second through hole 2112 is used to correspond to one switch hole. The switch driving mechanism includes a plurality of second driving members each corresponding to one of the second through holes 2112, and an output end of the second driving member is used to pass through the second through hole 2112 and output a driving force to the switch member of the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000.

When the opening or closing of the flow channel of the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 needs to be controlled, the second driving member drives the switching member of the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 to move, the flow channel is opened when the opening position of the switching member moves to be matched with the flow channel, and the flow channel is closed when the closing position of the switching member moves to be matched with the flow channel.

Referring to fig. 4 to 7 and 9, in a more specific embodiment, the second driving member is a second lead screw motor 4000, the reagent cartridge storage rack 2100 has a front surface with a reagent cartridge slot 2110, the second lead screw motor 4000 is connected to a rear surface of the reagent cartridge storage rack 2100, an output end of the second lead screw motor 4000 is aligned with the second through hole 2112, and a driving force is applied to the switch member in the switch hole through the second lead screw motor 4000 to control the opening or closing of the flow channel. In other embodiments, a linear output module, a pneumatic driving element and a hydraulic driving element can be adopted to drive the switch element to move.

Referring to FIGS. 4-7 and 9, in one embodiment, the reagent cartridge slot 2110 is provided with a stirring opening 2113 in a region corresponding to the reaction chamber of the nucleic acid extraction reagent cartridge 1000. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus further comprises a stirring driving mechanism 5000, the stirring driving mechanism 5000 comprises a driving motor 5100, a rotating disc 5200 and a magnetic member 5300, the rotating disc 5200 is arranged corresponding to the stirring opening 2113, the magnetic member 5300 is used for generating a magnetic field, the magnetic member 5300 is arranged on one side of the rotating disc 5200 facing the stirring opening 2113 so as to enable the reaction chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 in the kit slot 2110 to be located in the magnetic field, the output end of the driving motor 5100 is connected with the rotating disc 5200, and the driving motor 5100 is used for driving the rotating disc 5200 and the magnetic member 5300 to rotate so as to drive the magnetic stirring member in the reaction chamber to rotate.

When reagent and sample in the reaction chamber need to be stirred in order to accelerate the reaction speed, the driving motor 5100 is started, the turntable 5200 and the magnetic piece 5300 are driven to rotate by the driving motor 5100, so that the magnetic stirring piece in the reaction chamber is driven to rotate, and the reagent and the sample in the reaction chamber are stirred by the magnetic stirring piece.

Specifically, the magnetic stirring member is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the reaction chamber, and when the driving motor 5100 drives the rotating plate 5200 and the magnetic member 5300 to rotate, the magnetic stirring member rotates under the magnetic force of the magnetic member 5300.

Referring to fig. 4-6, in an embodiment, the reagent cartridge storing mechanism 2000 further includes a limiting member movably disposed on the reagent cartridge storing frame 2100, the reagent cartridge storing frame 2100 has a pass position and a block position, the limiting member does not prevent the nucleic acid extraction reagent cartridge 1000 from being inserted into and removed from the reagent cartridge slot 2110 when moving to the pass position, and the limiting member prevents the nucleic acid extraction reagent cartridge 1000 in the reagent cartridge slot 2110 from moving away from the reagent cartridge slot 2110 when moving to the block position.

When the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 needs to be taken and placed, the limiting member is moved to the passing position, so that the limiting member does not obstruct the taking and placing of the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000. When the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 needs to be fixed in the kit slot 2110, the limiting member is moved to the blocking position, so that the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 in the kit slot 2110 is prevented from moving away from the kit slot 2110.

Specifically, the movement of the limiting part between the passing position and the blocking position can be manually realized, and the movement of the limiting part can also be driven in an electric, hydraulic or pneumatic driving mode.

Referring to fig. 4 to 6, in an embodiment, the limiting member includes a limiting rod 2200, one end of the limiting rod 2200 is rotatably connected to the reagent cassette rack 2100, and the limiting rod 2200 is capable of rotating between a passing position and a blocking position around the rotatably connected end.

When the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 needs to be taken and placed, the limiting rod 2200 is rotated to the passing position, so that the limiting rod 2200 does not obstruct the taking and placing of the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000. When the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 needs to be fixed in the kit slot 2110, the limiting rod 2200 is rotated to the blocking position, so that the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 in the kit slot 2110 is prevented from moving away from the kit slot 2110.

In other embodiments, the limiting member may also be a door body or other suitable shape, the limiting member may be rotatably connected, slidably connected, or other suitable movable connection manner with the reagent cartridge storage rack, and the limiting member may be manually driven, electrically driven, hydraulically driven, or pneumatically driven.

Referring to fig. 4-6, in a more specific embodiment, the reagent kit slot 2110 is provided with a limiting rod 2200 on both left and right sides.

Referring to FIGS. 4-6, in a more specific embodiment, a side of the stop rod 2200 remote from the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 has a protrusion for allowing a user to rotate the stop rod 2200.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4-6, in one embodiment, the reagent cassette slot 2110 is provided with an air exhaust channel 2114 in a region corresponding to the air exhaust hole of the nucleic acid extraction reagent cassette 1000, and the air exhaust channel 2114 is used for being in sealed communication with the air exhaust hole of the nucleic acid extraction reagent cassette 1000. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus further includes an air pump 6000 and an air extraction tube, one end of the air extraction tube is connected to the air pump 6000, the other end is in sealed communication with the air extraction channel 2114, and the air pump 6000 is used for pumping gas in the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000.

When a reaction occurs in the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000, gas may escape, for example, ethanol may escape, and the gas generated in the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000 may be pumped out by the pump 6000. After the extract is extracted from the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000, the extract is pressed out to the centrifugal tube by pumping the extract through the air pump 6000 to form a pressure difference. Specifically, each reagent cartridge slot 2110 is provided with an air pump 6000 and an air suction pipe.

Referring to fig. 4-6, in one embodiment, the kit further comprises heating members, and the two opposite side walls of the kit slot 2110 are provided with the heating members for providing a heating environment for the reaction in the nucleic acid extraction kit 1000.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the heating element is a heating sheet, and in other embodiments, the heating element may also be a heating tube or other suitable heating device.

Referring to fig. 1-3, in an embodiment, the nucleic acid extracting apparatus further includes a housing 7000, the housing 7000 has an inner cavity, the reagent cartridge storing mechanism 2000, the reagent driving mechanism and the switch driving mechanism are disposed in the inner cavity of the housing 7000, a side of the housing 7000 facing the reagent cartridge storing mechanism 2000 is provided with a pick-and-place opening, a side of the housing 7000 facing the reagent cartridge storing mechanism 2000 is provided with a door body 7100, and the door body 7100 is used for opening or closing the pick-and-place opening.

Specifically, the reagent cassette slot 2110 of the reagent cassette storage rack 2100 is disposed toward the access opening, and the nucleic acid extraction reagent cassette 1000 can be conveniently accessed by an operator after the door 7100 is opened.

Referring to FIGS. 1-3, in a more specific embodiment, the nucleic acid extraction apparatus further includes a display and control panel 8000. Specifically, the display control panel may be disposed on an upper portion of the side of the housing 7000 where the access opening is provided.

In another aspect, the present embodiment provides a nucleic acid extraction kit, and in particular, the nucleic acid extraction kit is a plasmid extraction kit with a flow channel structure.

Referring to FIGS. 10-17, the plasmid extraction kit comprises a liquid storage chamber 100, a reaction chamber 200, a purification structure, a flow channel switch, a temporary storage chamber 300 for a washing solution, a waste liquid chamber 400, and a centrifuge tube.

When a plasmid extraction experiment is carried out, a reaction reagent in the first type of liquid storage cavity 113 firstly flows into the reaction chamber 200 through the flow channel and reacts with a sample in the reaction chamber 200 to obtain a reaction solution, the reaction solution flows into the purification structure through the flow channel, a substance to be extracted in the reaction solution is reserved on the purification structure, then a washing liquid reagent and an elution reagent in the second type of liquid storage cavity 114 flow into the purification structure through the flow channel, and the substance to be extracted reserved on the purification structure is washed and eluted to obtain an extract. Solves the problem that the prior art has no plasmid extraction kit matched with an experimental host.

Referring to fig. 12 and 13, in an embodiment, the liquid storage chamber 100 has a plurality of liquid storage cavities, and the liquid storage cavities include a first type liquid storage cavity 113 and a second type liquid storage cavity 114, wherein the first type liquid storage cavity 113 is used for storing a reaction reagent, and the second type liquid storage cavity 114 is used for storing a washing reagent and an elution reagent.

Referring to fig. 12 and 13, in a more specific embodiment, the liquid storage chamber 100 includes a plurality of liquid storage tubes 110, each liquid storage tube 110 has a liquid storage cavity, a piston is disposed in the liquid storage tube 110, the piston seals a tube opening of the liquid storage tube 110, a bottom of the liquid storage tube 110 has a radially contracted contraction portion 111, an opening 112 is formed on a side wall of the contraction portion 111, and an elastic tube is sleeved on a side wall of the contraction portion 111 and seals the opening 112.

The piston can be as the lid of stock solution pipe 110 on the one hand, and on the other hand, when the piston was promoted, can extrude the reagent in the stock solution pipe 110, drives reagent extrusion elastic tube for elastic deformation takes place for elastic tube, and form the gap with opening 112, the reagent can be followed elastic tube and opening 112's gap department outflow.

Referring to fig. 12 and 13, in one embodiment, the liquid storage chamber 100 has at least seven liquid storage cavities, and the liquid storage cavities include at least three first-type liquid storage cavities 113 and at least four second-type liquid storage cavities 114. Specifically, referring to fig. 12, the three liquid storage cavities in the first row are first-type liquid storage cavities 113, and the four liquid storage cavities in the second row are second-type liquid storage cavities 114.

Referring to fig. 12 and 13, the reaction chamber 200 is used for reacting a reagent with a sample to obtain a reaction solution.

In one embodiment, a stirring device is disposed in the reaction chamber 200, and the stirring device can be magnetically driven or electrically driven.

Referring to FIGS. 12 and 13, in one embodiment, the reaction chamber 200 is provided with a removable top cover 210 on the top thereof to facilitate the addition of the sample to the reaction chamber 200.

Referring to fig. 14-16, a purification structure is used to filter the reaction solution to retain the substance to be extracted in the reaction solution. Specifically, the purification structure includes a GF membrane and a fixing structure for fixing the GF membrane.

Referring to fig. 14-16, the flow channel structure has a flow channel connecting the first type of liquid storage cavity 113 and the reaction chamber 200 for flowing the reaction reagent into the reaction chamber 200, the flow channel structure has a flow channel connecting the reaction chamber 200 and the purification structure for flowing the reaction solution into the purification structure, the flow channel structure has a flow channel connecting the second type of liquid storage cavity 114 and the purification structure for flowing the washing reagent and the elution reagent into the purification structure and washing and eluting the substance to be extracted remaining on the purification structure to obtain the extract.

Referring to fig. 14, in an embodiment, the flow channel structure includes a first plate 500, the liquid storage chamber 100 and the reaction chamber 200 are disposed on the first plate 500, the first plate 500 has a plurality of recessed placing cavities 510, each placing cavity 510 corresponds to a liquid storage cavity, and the liquid storage cavity has an opening 112 communicating with the placing cavity 510. The first plate 500 has a recessed first channel 520, one end of the first channel 520 is communicated with the placing cavity 510 corresponding to the first liquid storage cavity 113, and the other end converges and extends to be communicated with the reaction chamber 200. So that the reagents in the reservoir 113 can flow into the reaction chamber 200 through the first channel 520.

Referring to fig. 14, in one embodiment, the temporary storage chamber 300 for washing reagent is used as a transfer carrier for washing reagent, the first plate 500 has a recessed second channel 530, one end of the second channel 530 is connected to the placing cavity 510 corresponding to the second type of liquid storage cavity 114, and the other end converges and extends to be connected to the temporary storage chamber 300 for washing reagent. So that the reaction reagents in the second type liquid storage cavity 114 can flow into the temporary washing liquid storage chamber 300 through the second flow passage 530.

Referring to fig. 14-16, in an embodiment, the flow channel structure further includes a second plate body 600, the second plate body 600 has a recessed purification cavity 630, and the purification structure is disposed in the purification cavity 630. The second plate body 600 has a recessed third flow channel 610 and a recessed fourth flow channel 620, one end of the third flow channel 610 is communicated with the reaction chamber 200, the other end is communicated with the purification chamber 630, one end of the fourth flow channel 620 is communicated with the temporary storage chamber 300 for washing liquid, and the other end is communicated with the purification chamber 630.

The reaction solution in the reaction chamber 200 may flow into the purification chamber 630 through the third flow channel 610, such that the substance to be extracted in the reaction solution is retained on the GF membrane in the purification chamber 630, and the washing reagent in the temporary washing solution storage chamber 300 may flow into the purification chamber 630 through the fourth flow channel 620, and wash and elute the substance to be extracted retained on the purification structure, thereby obtaining the extract.

Referring to fig. 14-16, in one embodiment, the second plate 600 has a recessed fifth channel 640 and a recessed sixth channel 650, the fifth channel 640 has one end communicating with the reaction chamber 200 and the other end communicating with the waste liquid chamber 400, and the sixth channel 650 has one end communicating with the purification chamber 630 and the other end communicating with the waste liquid chamber 400.

The waste liquid in the reaction chamber 200 may flow into the waste liquid chamber 400 through the fifth flow channel 640 for storage, and the waste liquid in the purification chamber 630 may flow into the waste liquid chamber 400 through the sixth flow channel 650 for storage.

Referring to fig. 14-16, in an embodiment, the flow channel structure further includes a closing plate 700, and the closing plate 700 is attached to a side of the second plate 600 where the flow channel and the purification cavity 630 are disposed. So that the liquid in the flow channel and the purification chamber 630 does not flow out from the side when the second plate body 600 is vertically placed. Specifically, referring to fig. 17, the closing plate 700 and the second plate 600 may be engaged in the direction indicated by the arrow.

Referring to fig. 10 and 14-16, in one embodiment, the waste liquid chamber 400 has an air exhaust hole for connecting with a vacuum pump, the reaction chamber 200 has a first air pressure balance hole communicating with the outside, the temporary storage chamber 300 for washing liquid has a second air pressure balance hole communicating with the outside, the second plate 600 has a recessed seventh channel 660 and an eighth channel 670, one end of the seventh channel 660 communicates with the waste liquid chamber 400, the other end is closed, one end of the eighth channel 670 communicates with the purification chamber 630, and the other end is closed.

First through-hole has been seted up with the blind end department of correspondence of seventh runner 660 to closing plate 700, and first through-hole passes through first pipeline and centrifuging tube intercommunication to make centrifuging tube internal gas pressure the same with waste liquid room 400 internal gas pressure, closing plate 700 has seted up the second through-hole with the blind end department of correspondence of eighth runner 670, and the second through-hole passes through second pipeline and centrifuging tube intercommunication, and the extract product in the purification cavity 630 can flow to in the centrifuging tube under the atmospheric pressure effect.

When needs shift the extract product to the centrifuging tube, use the air pump earlier to aspirate the gas in waste liquid room 400, because the atmospheric pressure is the same with centrifuging tube internal gas pressure in waste liquid room 400, when atmospheric pressure in waste liquid room 400 reduced, the extract product in the purification cavity 630 can be in the second pipeline inflow centrifuging tube under the atmospheric pressure effect, makes things convenient for the staff to take the extract product.

Referring to fig. 10, 15 and 17, in particular, a first protruding portion 800 is disposed at the air exhaust hole for connecting with the air exhaust pipe, and the air exhaust hole penetrates through the first protruding portion 800. The first through hole is provided with a second boss 710 for being connected with a first pipeline, the first through hole penetrates through the second boss 710, the second through hole is provided with a second boss 710 for being connected with a second pipeline, and the second through hole penetrates through the second boss 710.

Referring to fig. 10-17, in an embodiment, the first plate 500 is disposed along a horizontal direction, the liquid storage chamber 100, the temporary washing liquid storage chamber 300 and the reaction chamber 200 are supported on the first plate 500, the second plate 600 is disposed along a vertical direction, the second plate 600 is connected to a lower surface of the first plate 500, the waste liquid chamber 400 is disposed below the first plate 500, a slot structure 900 is disposed on one side of the waste liquid chamber 400, and the slot structure 900 is used for engaging with a centrifuge tube.

Referring to fig. 10 and 11, in an embodiment, an auxiliary collecting tray 1001 is disposed above the card slot structure 900, the auxiliary collecting tray 1001 is connected to an outer sidewall of the waste liquid chamber 400, an upper portion of the auxiliary collecting tray 1001 is used for connecting to the first pipe and the second pipe, and a lower portion of the auxiliary collecting tray 1001 is used for connecting to the centrifugal tube.

Referring to fig. 10 and 16, a flow channel switch is disposed on the flow channel for opening or closing the flow channel.

Referring to fig. 16, in an embodiment, the flow channel switch includes a switch member, and the third flow channel 610, the fourth flow channel 620, the fifth flow channel 640, the sixth flow channel 650, and the seventh flow channel 660 are all provided with a switch hole 680, the switch hole 680 partitions the flow channel where the switch member is located, the switch member fits with the shape of the switch hole 680 and is movably embedded into the switch hole 680, the switch member has an open position and a closed position, the open position of the switch member has a through channel, when the open position of the switch member is matched with the flow channel, the channel communicates with the flow channel, and when the closed position of the switch member is matched with the flow channel, the flow channel is closed.

In another aspect, the present example provides a method for nucleic acid extraction.

Referring to fig. 18, the method is applied to a nucleic acid extraction system including a nucleic acid extraction apparatus and a nucleic acid extraction kit, and the nucleic acid extraction method includes a first-type liquid feeding step, a second-type liquid feeding step, a purification step, a washing and elution step, a stirring step, an air suction step, an extract output step, and a heating step.

When extracting nucleic acid, firstly, the reagent driving mechanism drives the reaction reagent in the liquid storage cavity to flow into the reaction chamber so as to enable the reaction reagent to react with the sample in the reaction chamber, and then reaction solution is obtained. And then the flow channel switch of the flow channel between the reaction chamber and the purification cavity of the nucleic acid extraction kit is driven to be opened by the switch driving mechanism, so that the reaction solution in the reaction chamber flows into the purification cavity, the reaction solution passes through the purification structure in the purification cavity, and the substance to be extracted in the reaction solution is reserved on the purification structure. And then, the flow channel switch of the flow channel between the temporary washing liquid storage chamber and the purification cavity is driven to be opened through the switch driving mechanism, so that the washing liquid reagent and the elution reagent in the temporary washing liquid storage chamber flow into the purification cavity, and the substance to be extracted remained on the purification structure is washed and eluted through the washing liquid reagent and the elution reagent, so that the extract is obtained. Need not staff's manual extraction nucleic acid, reduced staff's intensity of labour, practiced thrift staff's time, promoted the efficiency of extracting nucleic acid.

A liquid inlet step: the reagent driving mechanism of the nucleic acid extraction equipment drives the reaction reagent in the liquid storage cavity of the nucleic acid extraction kit to flow into the reaction chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit, so that the reaction reagent reacts with the sample in the reaction chamber to obtain a reaction solution.

In the liquid inlet step, a first screw rod motor of the nucleic acid extraction equipment drives a piston in a liquid storage cavity to move, so that a washing liquid reagent and an elution reagent in the liquid storage cavity flow to a reaction chamber under the action of the piston.

A second type of liquid inlet step: the reagent driving mechanism drives the washing liquid reagent and the elution reagent in the second-class liquid storage cavity of the nucleic acid extraction kit to flow into the washing liquid temporary storage chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit for temporary storage.

In the second liquid inlet step, a first screw rod motor of the nucleic acid extraction equipment drives a piston in the second liquid storage cavity to move, so that a reaction reagent in the second liquid storage cavity flows to a reaction chamber under the action of the piston.

A purification step: the switch driving mechanism of the nucleic acid extraction equipment drives the flow channel switch of the flow channel between the reaction chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit and the purification cavity of the nucleic acid extraction kit to be opened, so that the reaction solution in the reaction chamber flows into the purification cavity, the reaction solution is filtered through the purification structure in the purification cavity, and the substance to be extracted in the reaction solution is left on the purification structure.

Washing and elution steps: the switch driving mechanism drives the flow channel switch of the flow channel between the temporary washing liquid storage chamber and the purification cavity to be opened, so that the washing liquid reagent and the elution reagent in the temporary washing liquid storage chamber flow into the purification cavity, and the substance to be extracted retained on the purification structure is washed and eluted by the washing liquid reagent and the elution reagent to obtain the extract.

When the flow channel switch is turned on or turned off, the second screw motor of the nucleic acid extraction equipment drives the switch piece in the switch hole of the nucleic acid extraction kit to move, so that the flow channel switch is turned on or turned off.

Stirring: the stirring driving mechanism of the nucleic acid extraction equipment drives the magnetic stirring piece in the reaction chamber to rotate, and the reagent and the sample in the reaction chamber are stirred.

In the stirring step, a driving motor of the stirring driving mechanism drives the rotating disc and the magnetic part to rotate, and the magnetic part drives the magnetic stirring part in the reaction chamber to rotate so as to stir the reagent and the sample in the reaction chamber.

Air extraction: the air pump of the nucleic acid extraction equipment pumps the gas in the waste liquid chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit through the air suction pipe.

And (3) an extract output step: the flow channel switch of the fourth flow channel between the purification cavity and the washing liquid temporary storage chamber is kept in an open state, the flow channel switch of the eighth flow channel between the purification cavity and the centrifugal tube is kept in an open state, the flow channel switch of the sixth flow channel between the purification cavity and the waste liquid chamber is kept in a closed state, and the air pump pumps air so that the extract in the purification cavity moves to the centrifugal tube under the action of air pressure.

A heating step: the heating element of the nucleic acid extraction device works to provide a heating environment for the reaction in the nucleic acid extraction reagent kit.

In a more specific embodiment, a specific extraction method is provided where the nucleic acid to be extracted is bacterial DNA.

Referring to fig. 18, the extraction method is used for extracting bacterial DNA, and includes a first air pumping step, a first heating step, a first liquid feeding step, a first stirring step, a second liquid feeding step, a second stirring step, a third liquid feeding step, a third stirring step, a purification step, a first second liquid feeding step, a first washing and elution step, a second liquid feeding step, a second washing and elution step, a third second liquid feeding step, a third washing and elution step, a fourth second liquid feeding step, and an extract output step.

A first air extraction step: the air pump of the nucleic acid extraction equipment pumps air in the waste liquid chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit through the air pumping pipe, the flow channel switch of a fifth flow channel between the reaction chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit and the waste liquid chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit is kept in an open state during first air pumping, so that a culture medium in the reaction chamber moves to the waste liquid chamber under the action of air pressure, thalli cultured by the culture medium are retained in the reaction chamber, and then the switch driving mechanism drives the flow channel switch of the fifth flow channel between the reaction chamber and the waste liquid chamber to be closed.

A first heating step: the first heating element of the nucleic acid extraction equipment works to melt the fourth reagent in the first liquid storage cavity. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first heating sheet is heated for 2 minutes to melt the fourth reagent, and the heating time can be flexibly set according to the type and position of the heating sheet as long as the heating purpose can be achieved.

The first liquid inlet step: a reagent driving mechanism of the nucleic acid extraction equipment drives a third reagent in a first liquid storage cavity to flow into the reaction chamber.

A first stirring step: the stirring driving mechanism of the nucleic acid extraction equipment drives the magnetic stirring piece in the reaction chamber to rotate, so that the thallus in the reaction chamber is suspended in the reagent III.

The second liquid inlet step: a reagent driving mechanism of the nucleic acid extraction equipment drives a No. four reagent melted in a liquid storage cavity to flow into the reaction chamber.

And a second stirring step: the stirring driving mechanism of the nucleic acid extraction equipment drives the magnetic stirring piece in the reaction chamber to rotate so as to uniformly mix the reagent III and the reagent IV.

The third liquid inlet step: a reagent driving mechanism of the nucleic acid extraction equipment drives the fifth reagent in the first liquid storage cavity to flow into the reaction chamber.

A third stirring step: a stirring driving mechanism of the nucleic acid extraction equipment drives a magnetic stirring piece in the reaction chamber to rotate, so that the third reagent, the fourth reagent and the fifth reagent are uniformly mixed and react with the thalli to obtain a reaction solution.

A purification step: the switch driving mechanism drives a flow channel switch of a third flow channel between the reaction chamber and the purification cavity and a flow channel switch of a sixth flow channel between the purification cavity and the waste liquid chamber to be opened, the air extracting pump extracts air for the second time to enable the reaction solution in the reaction chamber to flow into the purification cavity under the action of air pressure, the reaction solution is filtered through the purification structure in the purification cavity, substances to be extracted in the reaction solution are reserved on the purification structure, the waste liquid filtered through the purification structure flows into the waste liquid chamber under the action of air pressure, and then the flow channel switch of the third flow channel between the reaction chamber and the purification cavity driven by the switch driving mechanism is closed.

The first liquid inlet step of the second type: the flow channel switch of the sixth flow channel between the purification cavity and the waste liquid chamber is kept in an open state, the flow channel switch of the fourth flow channel between the temporary washing liquid storage chamber and the purification cavity is driven to be opened by the switch driving mechanism, and the first reagent in the second type of liquid storage chamber is driven by the reagent driving mechanism to flow into the temporary washing liquid storage chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit.

First wash and elution step: the air pump is used for pumping air for the third time, so that the first reagent in the washing liquid temporary storage chamber flows into the purification cavity under the action of air pressure, and the extract to be extracted on the purification structure is cleaned for the first time.

A second liquid inlet step: after the first cleaning of the extract to be extracted is finished, the reagent driving mechanism drives the reagent No. six in the second type liquid storage cavity to flow into the washing liquid temporary storage chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit.

Second wash and elution step: the air pump is used for pumping air for the fourth time, so that the reagent No. six in the temporary washing liquid storage chamber flows into the purification cavity under the action of air pressure, and the extract to be extracted on the purification structure is cleaned for the second time.

The third liquid inlet step: after the second cleaning of the extract to be extracted is finished, the reagent driving mechanism drives the second reagent in the second type liquid storage cavity to flow into the washing liquid temporary storage chamber of the nucleic acid extraction kit.

Third wash and elution step: and the air pump pumps air for the fifth time so that the second reagent in the washing liquid temporary storage chamber flows into the purification cavity under the action of air pressure, the extract to be extracted on the purification structure is cleaned for the third time, and after the third cleaning of the extract to be extracted is completed, the air pump continues to pump air so as to evaporate ethanol generated by the third cleaning.

A fourth liquid inlet step of the second type: after the third washing and elution step is completed, the switch driving mechanism drives the flow channel switch of the sixth flow channel between the purification cavity and the waste liquid chamber to be closed, the switch driving mechanism drives the flow channel switch of the eighth flow channel between the purification cavity and the centrifugal pipe to be opened, and the reagent driving mechanism drives the No. seven reagents in the second-class liquid storage cavities to flow into the temporary washing liquid storage chamber.

And (3) an extract output step: after the fourth liquid inlet step of the second type is finished, the air extracting pump extracts air for the sixth time, so that the reagent No. seven in the temporary washing liquid storage chamber flows into the purifying cavity under the action of air pressure, and the extracts in the purifying cavity are driven to flow into the centrifugal pipe together.

In this embodiment, the air pump pumps air for five minutes (make the culture medium get into the waste liquid chamber) for the first time, two minutes (make the reaction solution filter through the purification structure) are pumped for the second time, pump air for the third time and all pump air for the fourth time for thirty seconds (treat that the extract carries out the first time and the second time washing), pump air for the fifth time for thirty seconds (wherein thirty seconds are used for treating that the extract carries out the third time washing, another minute is used for evaporating the ethanol that the third time washed the production), pump air for the sixth time for thirty seconds (make extract and No. seven reagent flow to centrifuging tube), above-mentioned air pumping time can be according to the nimble setting of the type selection of vacuum pump, as long as can reach the purpose of pumping air.

In this embodiment, when the first screw motor drives the reagent to flow, the piston is pushed downwards by 25 mm. When the second screw motor pushes the flow switch to be switched on or switched off, the switch piece is pushed to move by 25 mm. The driving distance can be flexibly set according to the specific type selection of the equipment component, and the purposes of driving the reagent and opening and closing the switch can be achieved.

In this embodiment, the driving motor used in the stirring driving mechanism has a fast gear and a slow gear, and in the first stirring step, the driving motor rotates at the fast gear for one minute to suspend the thalli, and in other stirring steps, the driving motor rotates at the slow gear for one minute to uniformly mix the reagents. The specific rotating speed and the rotating time of the driving motor can be flexibly set according to the selection of the driving motor, so long as the stirring purpose can be achieved.

It should be noted that the flow of the reagent in the flow channel can also be realized under the action of gravity, and the air pressure difference caused by the air suction step plays a role in accelerating the liquid flow.

Because each reagent kit slot of the nucleic acid extraction equipment is provided with the independent reagent driving mechanism, the switch driving mechanism, the air pump and the heating element, the nucleic acid extraction equipment can simultaneously operate a plurality of different types of nucleic acid extraction reagent kits, for example, a plasmid extraction reagent kit and a bacterial DNA extraction reagent kit are simultaneously operated on different reagent kit slots, and the nucleic acid extraction equipment can only operate part of the reagent kit slots loaded with the nucleic acid extraction reagent kits, so that the reagent kit slots not loaded with the nucleic acid extraction reagent kits are not operated.

The foregoing is a more detailed description of the present application in connection with specific embodiments thereof, and it is not intended that the present application be limited to the specific embodiments thereof. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that many more simple derivations or substitutions can be made without departing from the inventive concepts herein.

Claims

1. A nucleic acid extraction apparatus, characterized by comprising:

the kit storage mechanism is provided with at least one kit position, and the kit position is used for storing a nucleic acid extraction kit containing reagents;

2. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the reagent cartridge storage mechanism includes a reagent cartridge storage rack having at least one reagent cartridge slot for detachably snap-fitting with the nucleic acid extraction reagent cartridge.

3. The nucleic acid extraction device according to claim 2, wherein the cartridge slot is provided with a plurality of first through holes in an area corresponding to the storage chamber of the nucleic acid extraction cartridge, and each first through hole is provided to correspond to one reservoir tube in the reservoir chamber;

4. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the reagent cartridge slot is provided with a plurality of second through holes in a region corresponding to the switch holes of the nucleic acid extraction reagent cartridge, and each second through hole is provided to correspond to one switch hole;

5. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a region of the cartridge slot for corresponding to the reaction chamber of the nucleic acid extraction cartridge is provided with a stirring opening;

6. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus according to claim 2, wherein an air exhaust channel is provided in a region of the reagent cartridge slot corresponding to the air exhaust hole of the nucleic acid extraction reagent cartridge, and the air exhaust channel is used for being in sealed communication with the air exhaust hole of the nucleic acid extraction reagent cartridge;

7. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus of claim 2, further comprising heating elements disposed on both opposing side walls of the cartridge slot, the heating elements being configured to provide a heating environment for a reaction within the nucleic acid extraction cartridge.

8. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the reagent cartridge storage mechanism further comprises a limiting member movably disposed on the reagent cartridge storage rack, the reagent cartridge storage rack has a pass position and a block position, the limiting member does not prevent the nucleic acid extraction reagent cartridge from being inserted into and removed from the reagent cartridge slot when moving to the pass position, and the limiting member prevents the nucleic acid extraction reagent cartridge in the reagent cartridge slot from moving away from the reagent cartridge slot when moving to the block position.

9. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the stopper includes a stopper rod having one end rotatably connected to the reagent cartridge storage rack, the stopper rod being rotatable about its rotatably connected end between the passage position and the blocking position.

10. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a casing having an inner cavity, wherein the reagent cartridge storage mechanism, the reagent driving mechanism, and the opening/closing driving mechanism are disposed in the inner cavity of the casing, a door is disposed on a side of the casing facing the reagent cartridge storage mechanism, and the door is configured to open or close the opening.