CN113527856A - 一种自清洁抗菌工程塑料基体及其制备的强制送风口罩面罩 - Google Patents
一种自清洁抗菌工程塑料基体及其制备的强制送风口罩面罩 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于功能材料领域，具体涉及一种自清洁抗菌工程塑料基体及其制备的强制送风口罩面罩。本发明提供的基体通过以下重量份原料制备而成：70‑90份基材、0.01‑3份低表面能助剂、0.1‑5份抗菌剂、0.1‑5份抗静电剂、0.1‑15份纳米二氧化钛。本发明制备的口罩面罩，可以减少口罩表面的灰尘和颗粒富集、提升口罩表面的的抗菌效果，并具有分解甲醛的作用，从而提高电动口罩使用者的呼吸气体质量，降低电动口罩重复使用风险。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于功能材料领域，具体涉及一种自清洁抗菌工程塑料基体及其制备的强制送风口罩面罩。
背景技术
随着人类经济社会的不断发展，人类的呼吸系统越来越受到各种人造大气污染物的侵害，也受到变异的各种病菌和病毒的侵害：工业排放的废弃物尤其是废气和粉尘越来越多，石化燃料燃烧过程中产生的微小颗粒物也产生了大量的雾霾，自然界中的病毒和病菌在人的不断侵扰下形成变异或者重组，形成潜在的大规模呼吸系统疾病风险。
人类一般采用口罩来作为呼吸系统的防护工具，这些包括纱布口罩、医用口罩和各种粉尘防护口罩等，随着电机的小型化和电池的高容量话，电动强制送风口罩越来越受到人类的青睐，它解决了普通纱布口罩效果不好、医用口罩和一次性粉尘口罩使用成本高的缺点，并能通过电机辅助提升呼吸畅顺度。但是由于电动强制送风口罩多次使用，其在重复使用过程中的二次污染将造成使用风险。
CN201720373016公布了一种具有自动送风功能的口罩，但是这些口罩不具备自清洁和防菌功能。CN201921637381公布了一种基于氧化钼抗菌机理的抗菌口罩，但是该口罩是用于一次性的可抛式多层口罩；CN201721184341.4公布了一种防雾霾口罩，但是不具备防菌，抗静电等效果。现有技术中，尚未有集抗菌、抗静电和防甲醛效果的强制送风口罩技术的相关记载。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供了一种自清洁抗菌工程塑料基体，该塑料基体具有自清洁性、抗菌性、抗静电性，且能够分解甲醛。
本发明还提供了一种利用上述工程塑料基体制备的强制送风口罩面罩。
本发明为了实现上述目的所采用的技术方案为：
本发明提供了一种自清洁抗菌工程塑料基体，通过以下重量份原料制备而成：70-90份基材、0.01-3份低表面能助剂、0.1-5份抗菌剂、0.1-5份抗静电剂、0.1-15份纳米二氧化钛。
本发明提供的工程塑料基体的基材为聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚甲醛、聚碳酸脂、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)、尼龙、ABA、聚氨酯、硅胶、橡胶、聚四氟乙烯中的一种或者几种材料的混合物。
本发明所使用的低表面能助剂为硅助剂或氟助剂；所述硅助剂为γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ―氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ―(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷；所述氟助剂选自甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯、甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸八氟戊酯以及全氟癸基三乙氧基硅烷。
本发明所使用的抗菌剂为柏木油、壳聚糖、纳米二氧化钛、纳米氧化银、聚六亚甲基双胍盐酸盐和N-(三氯甲硫基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺中的一种或多种。抗静电剂为脂肪酰胺类抗静电剂、炭黑、聚苯胺、纳米氮化钛。
本发明还提供了一种利用上述自清洁抗菌工程塑料基体制备的强制送风口罩面罩。
本发明还提供了一种上述强制送风口罩面罩的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)选取基体材料，低表面能助剂，抗菌剂，二氧化钛，抗静电剂通过高速混炼机混合，然后通过单螺杆挤出机或者双螺杆挤出机混合，得到工程塑料基体；(2)通过注塑成型或者模压成型得到强制送风口罩面罩。
本发明通过制备抗菌性、抗静电性、分解甲醛的材料，并将其制备成强制送风口罩的基体。可以减少口罩表面的灰尘和颗粒富集、提升口罩表面的的抗菌效果，并具有分解甲醛的作用，从而提高电动强制送风口罩使用者的呼吸气体质量，降低电动口罩重复使用中的风险。
本发明的有益效果为：
(1)本发明制备的工程塑料基体具有自清洁、抗菌性、抗静电性和具有分解甲醛功能，采用高表面能树脂，抗菌剂、抗静电剂以及纳米二氧化钛作为功能化填料，采用聚丙烯、聚乙烯ABS、聚碳酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、硅胶材料、四氟乙烯等热塑性材料为基体，将功能性助剂和基体通过双螺杆共混设备进行共混，得到抗菌性、抗静电性、分解甲醛的材料，各原料协同作用下，提高基体材料的性能。
(2)本发明制备的口罩面罩，可以减少口罩表面的灰尘和颗粒富集、提升口罩表面的的抗菌效果，并具有分解甲醛的作用，从而提高电动口罩使用者的呼吸气体质量，降低电动口罩重复使用风险。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体的实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步的解释和说明。如无特别说明，本发明所使用的原料均为市售。
实施例1
一种自清洁抗菌工程塑料基体，原料组成：82份聚碳酸酯、3份甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯、3份柏树油、2份脂肪酰胺类抗静电剂、10份纳米二氧化钛。
制备方法如下：
首先将五种材料经过高速混合机混合，然后通过双螺杆挤出机共混，得到具备抗静电、抗菌、抗甲醛的自清洁功能材料。
将制备好的功能材料通过注塑机注塑的方式，得到所需要的功能性面罩，然后装配好电机、电池以及其他固定功能附件，从而最终得到具有抗静电、抗菌、抗甲醛的自清洁功能性强制送风口罩。
实施例2
一种自清洁抗菌工程塑料基体，原料组成：87份PMMA、2份γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3份聚六亚甲基双胍盐酸盐、5份聚苯胺、10份纳米二氧化钛。
制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3
一种自清洁抗菌工程塑料基体，原料组成：50份聚丙烯、25份聚四氟乙烯、1份甲基丙烯酸八氟戊酯、5份N-(三氯甲硫基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺、2份聚苯胺、3份壳聚糖、8份纳米二氧化钛。
制备方法同实施例1。
效果实施例(一)将实施例1-3制备的口罩进行过滤效率和透气阻力检测，过滤效率采用PortaCount测试仪进行，利用核凝计数器法进行统计，在空气流速为85L/min的流速下，以0.3μm氯化钠气溶胶作为检测对象；吸气阻力采用数字微压计MP100S进行检测，具体结果见表1。
表1
本发明制备的口罩，其过滤效率及口罩的透气阻力符合国家标准的要求，且呼吸阻力小，呼吸顺畅，具有良好的透气性。同时，经过大量实验发现，壳聚糖的加入，不仅能够提高口罩的抗菌性能，同时，还能够提高其过滤效率。
(二)将实施例制备的口罩按照T/CIAA 003-2020标准进行抗菌性能检测，测定对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌的抑菌性能，具体结果见表2。
表2
| 金黄色葡萄球菌 | 大肠杆菌 | |
| 实施例1 | >90％ | >91％ |
| 实施例2 | >93％ | >92％ |
| 实施例3 | >97％ | >98％ |
Claims (7)
1.一种自清洁抗菌工程塑料基体，其特征在于，通过以下重量份原料制备而成：70-90份基材、0.01-3份低表面能助剂、0.1-5份抗菌剂、0.1-5份抗静电剂、0.1-15份纳米二氧化钛。
2.根据权利要求1所述的自清洁抗菌工程塑料基体，其特征在于，所述工程塑料基体的基材为聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚甲醛、聚碳酸脂、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)、尼龙、ABA、聚氨酯、硅胶、橡胶、聚四氟乙烯中的一种或者几种材料的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的自清洁抗菌工程塑料基体，其特征在于，所述低表面能助剂为硅助剂或氟助剂；所述硅助剂为γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ―氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ―(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷；所述氟助剂选自甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯、甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸八氟戊酯以及全氟癸基三乙氧基硅烷。
4.根据权利要求1所述的自清洁抗菌工程塑料基体，其特征在于，所述抗菌剂为柏木油、壳聚糖、纳米二氧化钛、纳米氧化银、聚六亚甲基双胍盐酸盐和N-(三氯甲硫基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的自清洁抗菌工程塑料基体，其特征在于，所述抗静电剂为脂肪酰胺类抗静电剂、炭黑、聚苯胺、纳米氮化钛。
6.一种利用权利要求1-5任一项所述的自清洁抗菌工程塑料基体制备的强制送风口罩面罩。
7.一种如权利要求6所述的强制送风口罩面罩的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)选取基体材料，低表面能助剂，抗菌剂，二氧化钛，抗静电剂通过高速混炼机混合，然后通过单螺杆挤出机或者双螺杆挤出机混合，得到工程塑料基体；
(2)通过注塑成型或者模压成型得到强制送风口罩面罩。
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