CN113526597A - Desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system and method for preventing moisture condensation - Google Patents
Desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system and method for preventing moisture condensation Download PDFInfo
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- CN113526597A CN113526597A CN202111091395.7A CN202111091395A CN113526597A CN 113526597 A CN113526597 A CN 113526597A CN 202111091395 A CN202111091395 A CN 202111091395A CN 113526597 A CN113526597 A CN 113526597A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/10—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation by direct contact with a particulate solid or with a fluid, as a heat transfer medium
- C02F1/12—Spray evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/008—Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/16—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using waste heat from other processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/18—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the purification of gaseous effluents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/02—Temperature
Abstract
The invention provides a desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system and method for preventing moisture condensation. The system comprises a wastewater evaporation system, a main flue gas system and an air conveying system, wherein a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet of the wastewater evaporation system are respectively communicated with a main flue of the main flue gas system through a bypass inlet flue and a bypass outlet flue, the air conveying system comprises an air pipeline, a control center and at least one thermocouple, an outlet end of the air pipeline is communicated with the bypass inlet flue, the at least one thermocouple is arranged on the wastewater evaporation system, each flue and each pipeline are respectively provided with an electric valve, and the control center controls the opening of the electric valve on the air pipeline according to a temperature signal monitored by the at least one thermocouple so as to adjust the air flow. The system and the method can prevent moisture in the high-temperature flue gas from dewing and generating sludge, and avoid the problems of increased system resistance, local blockage and the like caused by sludge accumulation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of desulfurization wastewater treatment, in particular to a desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system and method for preventing moisture condensation.
Background
The desulfurization waste water is tail end waste water generated in the gradient utilization process of water resources of a thermal power plant, the salt content is up to 3-7%, the suspended matter content is up to 3-8%, the water quality components are extremely complex, and the direct discharge can cause serious pollution to the environment. In recent years, with the increasingly strict emission control of industrial wastewater in China, zero emission of desulfurization wastewater of thermal power plants becomes a hot point of interest in the industry.
At present, the waste water rotary atomization evaporation technology is one of the mainstream desulfurization waste water zero discharge technologies in the industry, and has the advantages of simple process flow, low commissioning cost and the like. The technology is provided with a waste water evaporation tower, a part of boiler high-temperature smoke (300-.
However, practical experience has shown that each shut down of the system will produce about 40-60kg of sludge with a water content of about 50% and that the sludge produced by multiple shut downs will gradually accumulate. The sludge is adhered to the inside of the equipment, so that the system resistance can be increased, the energy consumption of the induced draft fan is increased, and the sludge can cause local narrow position blockage in severe cases, so that the system cannot normally run.
In view of this, the invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system and a desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge method for preventing moisture condensation, which can prevent moisture in high-temperature flue gas from condensing and generating sludge, and avoid the problems of system resistance increase, partial blockage and the like caused by sludge accumulation.
The invention provides a desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system for preventing moisture condensation, which comprises a wastewater evaporation system, a main flue gas system and an air conveying system, wherein a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet of the wastewater evaporation system are respectively communicated with a main flue of the main flue gas system through a bypass inlet flue and a bypass outlet flue, a wastewater inlet of the wastewater evaporation system is communicated with a wastewater pipeline, the air conveying system comprises an air pipeline, a control center and at least one thermocouple, an outlet end of the air pipeline is communicated with the bypass inlet flue, the at least one thermocouple is arranged on the wastewater evaporation system, electrically operated valves are respectively arranged on the bypass inlet flue, the bypass outlet flue, the air pipeline and the wastewater pipeline, and the control center controls the opening of the electrically operated valve on the air pipeline according to a temperature signal monitored by the at least one thermocouple so as to adjust the air flow.
The research finds that: after the existing wastewater evaporation system stops running, the temperature of high-temperature flue gas in a bypass flue and an evaporation tower is gradually reduced to normal temperature, water vapor in the system is condensed in equipment (such as the interior of the flue, the interior of the evaporation tower and the like) due to the fact that the water vapor reaches a supersaturated state, and moisture of the condensed water is further combined with smoke dust deposited in the flue gas, so that sludge is generated; the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system is provided with the air conveying system, normal-temperature air is introduced through the air conveying system to purge the interior of the system after the wastewater evaporation system is stopped every time, and high-temperature flue gas is quickly discharged out of the system, so that moisture in the high-temperature flue gas can be prevented from being condensed and generating sludge.
In the desulfurization wastewater zero discharge system, the wastewater evaporation system is mainly used for extracting high-temperature flue gas and evaporating desulfurization wastewater to dryness; the main flue gas system is mainly used for providing high-temperature flue gas for the wastewater evaporation system, collecting solid particles generated by wastewater evaporation and providing power for gas transmission in the wastewater evaporation system; the air conveying system is mainly used for conveying normal-temperature air to the waste water evaporation system when the waste water evaporation system is stopped, quickly replacing high-temperature flue gas out of the system, shortening the cooling time of the system, preventing the high-temperature flue gas from generating sludge due to dewing in the cooling process and realizing intelligent control.
In the invention, the thermocouple is mainly used for monitoring the temperature in the wastewater evaporation system and the flue thereof, and the control center controls the opening of the electric valve on the air pipeline according to the temperature signal monitored by the thermocouple so as to intelligently regulate the air flow. When the temperature is higher, the control center controls a small flow of air to enter the system so as to prevent the temperature in the system from suddenly dropping, thereby avoiding equipment damage caused by local rapid thermal expansion and cold contraction; when the temperature is low, the control center increases the air flow entering the system, thereby being beneficial to accelerating the cooling process.
In the present invention, the air delivery system may include a first thermocouple disposed on the bypass inlet flue, a second thermocouple disposed on the evaporation tower of the wastewater evaporation system, and a third thermocouple disposed on the bypass outlet flue. The first thermocouple is mainly used for monitoring the temperature of flue gas in the bypass inlet flue, so that the damage of equipment such as the bypass inlet flue, a gas flow guider, a rotary atomizer and the like caused by local rapid thermal expansion and cold contraction is avoided; the second thermocouple is mainly used for monitoring the temperature of the flue gas in the evaporation tower, so that the damage of the evaporation tower due to local rapid thermal expansion and cold contraction is avoided; the third thermocouple is mainly used for monitoring the temperature of the flue gas in the bypass outlet flue, so that the damage of the bypass outlet flue caused by local rapid thermal expansion and cold contraction is avoided.
More specifically, the installation depth of the first thermocouple on the bypass inlet flue is 0.3-0.5m, and the distance between the first thermocouple and the inlet end of the gas deflector is 1.0-3.0 m; the installation depth of the second thermocouple on the evaporation tower is 0.5-1.0m, and the installation position is positioned in the middle of the upper cylindrical part of the evaporation tower; the installation depth of the third thermocouple on the bypass outlet flue is 0.3-0.5m, and the distance between the third thermocouple and the outlet end of the evaporation tower is 1.0-3.0 m. The arrangement mode can monitor the temperature in the flue and the equipment in real time, and meanwhile, the resistance of the equipment to gas is not increased too much.
In the invention, the control mode of the control center is as follows:
s1: when the air conveying system is started, the control center controls the opening of an electric valve on an air pipeline to be 5-15% in advance;
s2: when the temperature Ta monitored by the first thermocouple is less than or equal to 300 ℃, the temperature Tb monitored by the second thermocouple is less than or equal to 180 ℃ and the temperature Tc monitored by the third thermocouple is less than or equal to 160 ℃, the control center controls the opening of the electric valve on the air pipeline to be 20-100%.
S3: and when the temperatures monitored by the first thermocouple, the second thermocouple and the third thermocouple are all reduced to normal temperature, the control center controls the electric valve on the air pipeline to be closed.
The control mode can quickly discharge the high-temperature flue gas out of the system, so that moisture in the high-temperature flue gas is prevented from being condensed and generating sludge, the generation of 40-60kg of sludge can be reduced during the shutdown period of the evaporation system every time, and the problems of system resistance increase, local blockage and the like caused by sludge accumulation are avoided; meanwhile, the opening of the electric valve on the air pipeline is controlled by the temperature monitored by each thermocouple, so that local rapid thermal expansion and cold contraction damage of a bypass inlet flue, a gas flow guider, a rotary atomizer, a bypass outlet flue and the like can be avoided, the operation safety of the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system is ensured, and the operation time and the service life of the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system are prolonged.
Further, the step S2 includes:
when Ta is less than or equal to 300 ℃, Tb is less than or equal to 180 ℃ and Tc is less than or equal to 160 ℃, the control center controls the opening of the electric valve on the air pipeline to be 20-30%;
when Ta is less than or equal to 250 ℃, Tb is less than or equal to 150 ℃ and Tc is less than or equal to 140 ℃, the control center controls the opening of the electric valve on the air pipeline to be 45-55 percent;
when Ta is less than or equal to 200 ℃, Tb is less than or equal to 120 ℃ and Tc is less than or equal to 120 ℃, the control center controls the opening of the electric valve on the air pipeline to be 90-100%.
In the control mode, the control center controls a small flow of air to enter the system in advance so as to prevent the equipment from being damaged by local rapid thermal expansion and cold contraction caused by sudden temperature drop in the system; and controlling large-flow air to enter the system along with the gradual reduction of the temperature of the system, thereby accelerating the cooling process of the system. Through segmenting the temperature, and then the air flow that the segmentation regulation got into the system, pipeline and equipment in the system can be avoided well because of local sharp expend with heat and contract with cold damage to guarantee the operation security of system and improve the operating duration and the life of system, can also make the procedure of sweeping of normal atmospheric temperature air quick, high-efficient operation simultaneously, whole process of sweeping only needs 20-60min to accomplish, the system is zero mud production, emission in the rotatory atomizing evaporation operation of desulfurization waste water and the outage in-process, subsequent sludge treatment scheduling problem of desulfurization waste water treatment has been avoided.
In the invention, the waste water evaporation system can comprise an evaporation tower, a gas flow guider and a rotary atomizer, wherein the gas flow guider is arranged at the top of the evaporation tower, the inlet end and the outlet end of the gas flow guider are respectively communicated with a bypass inlet flue and the evaporation tower, the rotary atomizer is arranged at the upper end of the evaporation tower, and the inlet end and the outlet end of the rotary atomizer are respectively communicated with a waste water pipeline and the evaporation tower.
Specifically, the evaporation tower is the equipment that desulfurization waste water and high temperature flue gas heat transfer evaporate, and its upper portion can be hollow circular cylinder, and the bottom can be for awl fill form, and bypass export flue and evaporation tower bottom awl fill side with meet, the pointed end of bottom awl fill meets with defeated grey pipeline to discharge the coarse particle thing that desulfurization waste water evaporation produced. The gas flow guider can enable the smoke to enter the evaporation tower in a spiral downward flow state, and the structure of the evaporation tower is not strictly limited; in one embodiment, the gas guiding device may include a circumferential spiral flue and a guiding plate assembly surrounding an outlet end of the circumferential spiral flue, the upper end of the evaporation tower is provided with an inlet, the circumferential spiral flue is horizontally arranged on the top surface of the evaporation tower, and the guiding plate assembly guides the flue gas to flow downwards and forms a tapered flue gas inlet at the upper end inlet of the evaporation tower. The rotating speed of the rotary atomizer can be 10000-.
In the invention, the main flue gas system comprises a denitration reactor, an air preheater, an electric dust remover and an induced draft fan which are sequentially connected through a main flue, wherein the inlet end of a bypass inlet flue is communicated with the main flue between the denitration reactor and the air preheater, and the outlet end of a bypass outlet flue is communicated with the main flue between the air preheater and the electric dust remover. The denitration reactor can adopt an SCR denitration reactor, for example, the flue gas temperature in the main flue between the denitration reactor and the air preheater reaches 300 ℃ and 400 ℃, and the denitration reactor can provide high-temperature flue gas for a wastewater evaporation system; the electric dust collector can collect fine solid particles generated by the evaporation of the waste water; the induced draft fan can provide negative pressure to the flow of gas provides power in the waste water vaporization system.
Furthermore, the air pipeline is made of stainless steel, the cross section of the air pipeline can be square or round, and the cross section area of the air pipeline is 0.5-1.0 time of that of the bypass inlet flue; an air filter screen is arranged at the inlet end of the air pipeline, the air filter screen is made of stainless steel, the filtering aperture of the air filter screen is 4-6mm, and the air filter screen can filter large-particle-size impurities in the air, so that the large-particle-size impurities are prevented from entering the air pipeline. The opening of the electric valve on the air pipeline can be adjusted between 0 percent and 100 percent, so that the air flow entering the air pipeline is convenient to adjust; furthermore, the air duct is tangential to the bypass inlet flue at the junction, thereby facilitating air entry into the bypass inlet flue in the direction of flue gas flow.
In one embodiment, the cross section of each of the bypass inlet flue and the bypass outlet flue is square, and the side length of each of the side sections is 1.6-1.8 m; the cross section of the air pipeline is square, and the side length of the air pipeline is 1.6-1.8 m; the cross section of the air pipeline can also be circular, and the diameter of the air pipeline is 1.6-1.8 m; the upper part of the evaporation tower is a cylinder, the diameter of the cylinder is 8.0-9.0m, and the height of the cylinder is 15.0-17.0 m; the lower part of the evaporation tower is a cone, the diameter of the cone is equal to that of the cylinder at the upper part of the evaporation tower, and the height of the cone is 7.0-9.0 m.
The control mode of the control center is as follows:
when the air delivery system is started, the control center controls the air flow to be 10000-15000Nm3/h；
When Ta is less than or equal to 300 ℃, Tb is less than or equal to 180 ℃ and Tc is less than or equal to 160 ℃, the control center controls the air flow to be 20000-25000Nm3/h；
When Ta is less than or equal to 250 ℃, Tb is less than or equal to 150 ℃ and Tc is less than or equal to 140 ℃, the control center controls the air flow to be 35000-40000Nm3/h；
When Ta is less than or equal to 200 ℃, Tb is less than or equal to 120 ℃ and Tc is less than or equal to 120 ℃, the control center controls the air flow to be 45000-50000Nm3/h。
The invention also provides a desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge method for preventing moisture condensation, which is carried out by utilizing the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system.
Specifically, the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge method comprises the following steps:
A) opening electric valves on a bypass inlet flue and a bypass outlet flue, and enabling part of high-temperature flue gas in a main flue of the main flue gas system to enter a wastewater evaporation system;
B) opening an electric valve on a waste water pipeline, enabling the desulfurization waste water to enter a waste water evaporation system in a droplet state through the waste water pipeline, fully contacting with high-temperature flue gas for heat exchange, evaporating to dryness, and discharging the flue gas after heat exchange through a bypass outlet flue;
C) closing electric valves on the waste water pipeline and the bypass inlet flue, closing the rotary atomizer, opening an electric valve on the air pipeline, allowing normal-temperature air to enter the waste water evaporation system through the air pipeline and the bypass inlet flue for blowing, controlling the opening of the electric valve on the air pipeline by the control center according to a temperature signal monitored by at least one thermocouple so as to adjust the air flow, and controlling the electric valve on the air pipeline to be closed by the control center after the temperature monitored by the thermocouple is reduced to the normal temperature.
The invention does not strictly limit the period of normal temperature air purging and the time of purging each time, and can be reasonably set according to the actual working condition; specifically, the period of the normal temperature air purging can be set to be 2-3 months, and the time of each purging can be controlled to be 20-60 min.
The implementation of the invention has at least the following advantages:
1. the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system is provided with the air conveying system, after the wastewater evaporation system is stopped every time, normal-temperature air is introduced through the air conveying system to purge the interior of the system, and high-temperature flue gas is quickly discharged out of the system, so that moisture in the high-temperature flue gas can be prevented from being condensed and generating sludge, the generation of 40-60kg of sludge can be reduced during the system stop every time, and the problems of system resistance increase, local blockage and the like caused by sludge accumulation are avoided;
2. when the desulfurization wastewater zero-emission system needs to be shut down for maintenance, normal-temperature air can be introduced through the air conveying system to purge the interior of the system, so that the temperature of the interior of the information can be quickly reduced from 300-400 ℃ to normal temperature (the temperature of the interior of the conventional equipment is usually reduced to room temperature for 3-5 days) within 0.5-1.0h after the system is shut down, the interior of the system can be quickly maintained, and the system can be ensured to be recovered to normally operate as soon as possible;
3. according to the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system, the opening of the electric valve on the air pipeline is controlled through the temperature monitored by each thermocouple, so that local rapid thermal expansion and cold contraction damage of a bypass inlet flue, a gas flow guider, a rotary atomizer, a bypass outlet flue and the like can be avoided, the operation safety of the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system is ensured, and the operation time and the service life of the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system are prolonged;
4. according to the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge method, the temperature in the wastewater evaporation system is monitored by using the thermocouple, the flow of air is intelligently adjusted by the control center according to a temperature signal monitored by the thermocouple, and small-flow air is controlled to enter the system when the temperature is higher, so that local rapid thermal expansion and cold contraction damage to equipment caused by sudden temperature drop in the system is prevented; when the temperature is lower, the air flow entering the system is increased, so that the cooling process of the system is accelerated, the purging program of the normal-temperature air can be rapidly and efficiently operated, the whole purging process can be completed within 20-60min, the system has zero sludge generation and discharge in the rotary atomization evaporation operation and shutdown processes of the desulfurization wastewater, and the problems of subsequent sludge treatment of the desulfurization wastewater and the like are avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a desulfurization waste water zero discharge system for preventing moisture condensation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1: an evaporation tower; 2: a gas flow director; 3: rotating the atomizer; 4: a waste water conduit; 5: a wastewater electric valve; 6: a bypass inlet flue; 7: a bypass inlet flue electrically operated valve; 8: a bypass outlet flue electrically operated valve; 9: an ash conveying pipeline; 10: an air screen; 11: an air duct; 12: an air electric valve; 13: a control cable; 14: a control center; 15: a first thermocouple; 16: a second thermocouple; 17: a third thermocouple; 18: a main flue; 19: a denitration reactor; 20: an air preheater; 21: an electric dust collector; 22: an induced draft fan; 23: bypassing the outlet flue.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms also include the plural forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, and further, it is understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system for preventing moisture condensation provided in this embodiment includes a wastewater evaporation system, a main flue gas system and an air delivery system, a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet of the wastewater evaporation system are respectively communicated with a main flue 18 of the main flue gas system through a bypass inlet flue 6 and a bypass outlet flue 23, a wastewater inlet of the wastewater evaporation system is communicated with a wastewater pipeline 4, the air delivery system includes an air pipeline 11, a control center 14 and at least one thermocouple, an outlet end of the air pipeline 11 is communicated with the bypass inlet flue 6, the at least one thermocouple is disposed on the wastewater evaporation system, a bypass inlet flue electric valve 7, a bypass outlet flue electric valve 8, an air electric valve 12 and a wastewater electric valve 5 are respectively disposed on the bypass inlet flue 6, the bypass outlet flue 23, the air pipeline 11 and the wastewater pipeline 4, the control center 14 controls the electric valve on the air pipeline 11 according to a temperature signal monitored by the at least one thermocouple To regulate the air flow.
The waste water evaporation system is mainly used for extracting high-temperature flue gas and evaporating the desulfurization waste water to dryness, and the structure of the waste water evaporation system is not strictly limited; specifically, the wastewater evaporation system may include an evaporation tower 1, a gas flow director 2 and a rotary atomizer 3, the gas flow director 2 may be installed at the top of the evaporation tower 1, an inlet end and an outlet end of the gas flow director 2 are respectively communicated with a bypass inlet flue 6 and the evaporation tower 1, the rotary atomizer 3 may be disposed at an upper end of the evaporation tower 1, and the inlet end and the outlet end of the rotary atomizer 3 are respectively communicated with a wastewater pipeline 4 and the evaporation tower 1.
The evaporation tower 1 is equipment for heat exchange and evaporation of desulfurization wastewater and high-temperature flue gas, the upper part of the evaporation tower can be hollow cylindrical, the bottom of the evaporation tower can be cone-shaped, a bypass outlet flue 23 is connected with the side surface of a cone hopper at the bottom of the evaporation tower 1, and the tip of the cone hopper at the bottom is connected with an ash conveying pipeline 9, so that coarse particles generated by evaporation of the desulfurization wastewater are discharged. The gas flow guider 2 can make the high-temperature flue gas enter the evaporation tower 1 in a spiral downward flow state, and the structure of the evaporation tower is not strictly limited; specifically, the gas guiding device 2 may include a circumferential spiral flue and a guiding plate assembly surrounding an outlet end of the circumferential spiral flue, an inlet is provided at an upper end of the evaporation tower 1, the circumferential spiral flue is horizontally disposed on a top surface of the evaporation tower 1, and the guiding plate assembly guides the flue gas to flow downward and forms a tapered flue gas inlet at the upper end inlet of the evaporation tower 1. The rotation speed of the rotary atomizer 3 can be 10000-.
The main flue gas system is mainly used for providing high-temperature flue gas for the wastewater evaporation system, collecting solid particles generated by wastewater evaporation and providing power for gas transmission in the wastewater evaporation system. Specifically, the flue gas main system may include a denitration reactor 19, an air preheater 20, an electric dust remover 21 and an induced draft fan 22 which are connected in sequence through a flue main 18, an inlet end of a bypass inlet flue 6 is communicated with the flue main 18 between the denitration reactor 19 and the air preheater 20, and an outlet end of a bypass outlet flue 23 is communicated with the flue main 18 between the air preheater 20 and the electric dust remover 21; wherein, the denitration reactor 19 can be, for example, an SCR denitration reactor, and the flue gas temperature in the main flue 18 between the denitration reactor 19 and the air preheater 20 is up to 300-; the electric dust collector 21 can collect fine solid particles generated by the evaporation of the wastewater; the induced draft fan 22 can provide negative pressure to provide power for the flow of gas in the wastewater evaporation system.
The air duct 11 is made of stainless steel material, the cross section of the air duct 11 can be square or round, and the cross section area of the air duct 11 is 0.5-1.0 times of the cross section area of the bypass inlet flue 6. An inlet end of the air pipeline 11 can be provided with an air filter screen 10, the air filter screen 10 is made of stainless steel, the filtering pore size of the air filter screen 10 can be 4-6mm, and the air filter screen can filter large-particle-size impurities in air, so that the large-particle-size impurities are prevented from entering the air pipeline 11. It can be understood that the opening of the air electric valve 12 on the air pipe 11 can be adjusted between 0-100%, so as to adjust the air flow entering the air pipe 11; furthermore, the air duct 11 is tangential to the bypass inlet flue 6 at the junction, thereby facilitating the entry of air into the bypass inlet flue 6 in the direction of flue gas flow.
The air conveying system is mainly used for conveying normal-temperature air to the waste water evaporation system when the waste water evaporation system is stopped, quickly replacing high-temperature flue gas out of the system, shortening the cooling time of the system, preventing the high-temperature flue gas from generating sludge due to dewing in the cooling process and realizing intelligent control. Specifically, the air conveying system comprises an air pipeline 11, a control center 14 and at least one thermocouple, the thermocouple is connected with the control center 14 through a control cable 13, the outlet end of the air pipeline 11 is communicated with the bypass inlet flue 6, the at least one thermocouple is arranged on the wastewater evaporation system, and the control center 14 controls the opening degree of an air electric valve 12 according to a temperature signal monitored by the at least one thermocouple so as to adjust the air flow.
At least one thermocouple in the air conveying system is mainly used for monitoring the temperature in the waste water evaporation system and the flue thereof, and the control center 14 controls the opening degree of the air electric valve 12 according to the temperature signal monitored by the at least one thermocouple so as to intelligently regulate the air flow. When the temperature is higher, the control center 14 controls a small flow of air to enter the system so as to prevent the temperature inside the system from suddenly dropping, thereby avoiding equipment damage caused by local rapid thermal expansion and cold contraction; when the temperature is low, the control center 14 increases the air flow into the system, thereby facilitating the acceleration of its cooling process.
The air delivery system comprises a first thermocouple 15, a second thermocouple 16 and a third thermocouple 17, the first thermocouple 15 being disposed on the bypass inlet flue 6, the second thermocouple 16 being disposed on the evaporation tower 1 of the wastewater evaporation system, and the third thermocouple 17 being disposed on the bypass outlet flue 23. The first thermocouple 15 is mainly used for monitoring the temperature of the flue gas in the bypass inlet flue 6, so that the damage of the bypass inlet flue 6, the gas flow guider 2, the rotary atomizer 3 and other equipment caused by local rapid thermal expansion and cold contraction is avoided; the second thermocouple 16 is mainly used for monitoring the temperature of the flue gas in the evaporation tower 1, so that the damage of the evaporation tower 1 caused by local rapid thermal expansion and cold contraction is avoided; the third thermocouple 17 is mainly used for monitoring the temperature of the flue gas in the bypass outlet flue 23, so that the damage of the bypass outlet flue 23 caused by local rapid thermal expansion and cold contraction is avoided.
More specifically, the installation depth of the first thermocouple 15 on the bypass inlet flue 6 is 0.3-0.5m, and the distance from the inlet end of the gas deflector 2 is 1.0-3.0 m; the installation depth of the second thermocouple 16 on the evaporation tower 1 is 0.5-1.0m, and the installation position is positioned in the middle of the upper cylindrical part of the evaporation tower 1; the installation depth of the third thermocouple 17 on the bypass outlet flue 23 is 0.3-0.5m, and the distance from the outlet end of the evaporation tower 1 is 1.0-3.0 m. The arrangement mode can monitor the temperature in the flue and the equipment in real time, and meanwhile, the resistance of the equipment to gas is not increased too much.
The control center 14 of the air delivery system is controlled as follows:
s1: when the air conveying system is started, the control center 14 controls the opening of the electric valve on the air pipeline 11 to be 5-15% in advance;
s2: when the temperature Ta monitored by the first thermocouple 15 is less than or equal to 300 ℃, the temperature Tb monitored by the second thermocouple 16 is less than or equal to 180 ℃ and the temperature Tc monitored by the third thermocouple 17 is less than or equal to 160 ℃, the control center 14 controls the opening of the electric valve on the air pipeline 11 to be 20-100%.
S3: and when the temperatures monitored by the first thermocouple, the second thermocouple and the third thermocouple are all reduced to normal temperature, the control center controls the electric valve on the air pipeline to be closed.
The control mode can quickly discharge the high-temperature flue gas out of the system, so that moisture in the high-temperature flue gas is prevented from being condensed and generating sludge, the generation of 40-60kg of sludge can be reduced during the shutdown period of the evaporation system every time, and the problems of system resistance increase, local blockage and the like caused by sludge accumulation are avoided; meanwhile, the opening degree of the air electric valve 12 is controlled through the temperature monitored by each thermocouple, so that local rapid thermal expansion and cold contraction damage of the bypass inlet flue 6, the gas flow guider 2, the rotary atomizer 3, the bypass outlet flue 23 and the like can be avoided, the operation safety of the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system is ensured, and the operation time and the service life of the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system are prolonged.
Further, the step S2 may include:
when Ta is less than or equal to 300 ℃, Tb is less than or equal to 180 ℃ and Tc is less than or equal to 160 ℃, the control center 14 controls the opening of the air electric valve 12 to be 20-30%;
when Ta is less than or equal to 250 ℃, Tb is less than or equal to 150 ℃ and Tc is less than or equal to 140 ℃, the control center 14 controls the opening of the air electric valve 12 to be 45-55%;
when Ta is less than or equal to 200 ℃, Tb is less than or equal to 120 ℃ and Tc is less than or equal to 120 ℃, the control center 14 controls the opening of the air electric valve 12 to be 90-100%.
In the above control mode, the control center 14 controls a small flow of air to enter the system in advance to prevent the equipment from being damaged by local rapid thermal expansion and cold contraction caused by sudden temperature drop in the system; and controlling large-flow air to enter the system along with the gradual reduction of the temperature of the system, thereby accelerating the cooling process of the system. Through segmenting the temperature, and then the air flow that the segmentation regulation got into the system, pipeline and equipment in the system can be avoided well because of local sharp expend with heat and contract with cold damage to guarantee the operation security of system and improve the operating duration and the life of system, can also make the procedure of sweeping of normal atmospheric temperature air quick, high-efficient operation simultaneously, whole process of sweeping only needs 20-60min to accomplish, the system is zero mud production, emission in the rotatory atomizing evaporation operation of desulfurization waste water and the outage in-process, subsequent sludge treatment scheduling problem of desulfurization waste water treatment has been avoided.
The desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system is provided with the air conveying system, after the wastewater evaporation system is shut down every time, normal-temperature air is introduced through the air conveying system to purge the interior of the system, and high-temperature flue gas is quickly discharged out of the system, so that moisture in the high-temperature flue gas can be prevented from being condensed and generating sludge, the generation of 40-60kg of sludge can be reduced during the shutdown of the system every time, and the problems of system resistance increase, local blockage and the like caused by sludge accumulation are avoided; when the shutdown maintenance is needed, normal-temperature air can be introduced through the air conveying system to purge the interior of the system, so that the temperature of the interior of the bar information can be quickly reduced from 400 ℃ to normal temperature within 0.5-1.0h after the shutdown, the interior of the system can be quickly maintained, and the system can be ensured to be restored to normal operation early. In addition, the opening degree of the air electric valve 12 is controlled through the temperature monitored by each thermocouple, so that local rapid thermal expansion and cold contraction damage of the bypass inlet flue 6, the gas flow guider 2, the rotary atomizer 3, the bypass outlet flue 23 and the like can be avoided, the operation safety of the desulfurization wastewater zero-emission system is ensured, the operation time and the service life of the desulfurization wastewater zero-emission system are prolonged, the purging program of normal-temperature air can be operated quickly and efficiently, zero sludge is generated and discharged in the rotary atomization evaporation operation process of desulfurization wastewater, and the problems of subsequent sludge treatment of desulfurization wastewater and the like are avoided.
Example 2
The desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge method of the embodiment is performed by using the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system of the embodiment 1; specifically, referring to fig. 1, in the desulfurization wastewater zero discharge system, the cross-sectional shapes of the bypass inlet flue 6 and the bypass outlet flue 23 are both square, and the side length thereof is 1.6-1.8 m; the cross section of the air pipeline 11 is square, and the side length of the air pipeline is 1.6-1.8 m; the cross-sectional shape of the air duct 11 may also be circular, with a diameter of 1.6-1.8 m; the diameter of the upper cylinder of the evaporation tower 1 is 8.0-9.0m, and the height is 15.0-17.0 m; the diameter of the lower cone of the evaporation tower 1 is equal to that of the upper cylinder of the evaporation tower 1, and the height is 7.0-9.0 m.
In the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge method of the embodiment, the operation steps of desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge are as follows:
1) opening a bypass inlet flue electric valve 7 and a bypass outlet flue electric valve 8, and allowing part of high-temperature flue gas (5-10% of high-temperature flue gas) in a main flue 18 between a denitration reactor 19 and an air preheater 20 to enter an evaporation tower 1 under the action of a draught fan 22;
2) starting the rotary atomizer 3, opening the wastewater electric valve 5, and allowing the desulfurization wastewater to enter the rotary atomizer 3 through the wastewater pipeline 4 to be atomized into 30-50 micron fog drops;
3) the desulfurization waste water fog drops and the high-temperature flue gas are fully contacted for heat exchange in the evaporation tower 1, the desulfurization waste water is quickly evaporated to dryness, solid coarse particles generated by evaporation are discharged through the ash conveying pipeline 9, and fine particles enter the main flue 18 and the electric dust collector 21 through the bypass outlet flue 23 along with the flue gas and are captured and separated by the electric dust collector 21.
In the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge method of the embodiment, the purging step when the system stops operating is as follows:
1) closing the wastewater electric valve 5 and the rotary atomizer 3, closing the bypass inlet flue electric valve 7, and preventing the desulfurization wastewater and the high-temperature flue gas from entering the evaporation tower 1;
2) the control center 14 issues an instruction to open the air electric valve 12, and the opening degree is adjusted to 5-15%, at this time, the air flow control is 10000-15000Nm3H; the normal temperature air in the environment enters the air pipeline 11 through the air filter screen 10 under the action of the induced draft fan 22, then enters the evaporation tower 1 through the bypass inlet flue 6, and finally enters the main flue 18 through the bypass outlet flue 23. The temperature in the wastewater evaporation system starts to drop, the first thermocouple 15 (its reading is set to Ta), the second thermocouple 16 (its reading is set to Tb), and the third thermocouple 17 (its reading is set to Tc) transmit the monitored temperature data to the control center 14 in time;
3) when Ta is less than or equal to 300℃,When Tb is less than or equal to 180 ℃ and Tc is less than or equal to 160 ℃, the control center 14 issues an instruction to the air electric valve 12 to adjust the opening degree to 20-30%, and the air flow control is 20000-25000Nm3The temperature in the waste water evaporation system is continuously reduced;
4) when Ta is less than or equal to 250 ℃, Tb is less than or equal to 150 ℃ and Tc is less than or equal to 140 ℃, the control center 14 gives an instruction to the air electric valve 12 to adjust the opening degree to 45-55%, and the air flow control is 35000 and 40000Nm3The temperature in the waste water evaporation system is continuously reduced;
5) when Ta is less than or equal to 200 ℃, Tb is less than or equal to 120 ℃ and Tc is less than or equal to 120 ℃, the control center 14 gives an instruction to the air electric valve 12 to adjust the opening degree to 90-100%, and the air flow is controlled to be 45000-3About/h, continuously reducing the temperature in the wastewater evaporation system until the temperature is reduced to normal temperature;
6) and (4) closing the electric air valve 12 and the electric bypass outlet flue valve 8, so that the air does not enter the evaporation system any more, and the evaporation system stops running.
The period of the normal-temperature air purging and the time of each purging are not strictly limited and can be reasonably set according to actual working conditions; wherein, the period of normal temperature air purging can be set to be 2-3 months, and the time of purging each time can be controlled to be 20-60 min.
According to the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge method, the opening of the air electric valve 12 is controlled through the temperature monitored by each thermocouple, so that local rapid thermal expansion and cold contraction damage of the bypass inlet flue 6, the gas flow guider 2, the rotary atomizer 3, the bypass outlet flue 23 and the like can be avoided, the operation safety of the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system is ensured, and the operation time and the service life of the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system are prolonged; the control center 14 intelligently adjusts the air flow according to the temperature signals monitored by the first thermocouple 15, the second thermocouple 16 and the third thermocouple 17, and controls small-flow air to enter the system when the temperature is higher, so that the equipment is prevented from being damaged by local rapid thermal expansion and cold contraction caused by sudden temperature drop in the system; when the temperature is lower, the air flow entering the system is increased, so that the cooling process of the system is accelerated, the purging program of the normal-temperature air can be rapidly and efficiently operated, the whole purging process can be completed within 20-60min, zero sludge is generated and discharged in the rotary atomization evaporation operation process of the desulfurization wastewater, and the problems of subsequent sludge treatment of the desulfurization wastewater and the like are avoided.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a desulfurization waste water zero release system of prevention aqueous vapor dewfall, a serial communication port, including waste water evaporation system, main flue gas system and air delivery system, waste water evaporation system's flue gas inlet and exhanst gas outlet communicate with main flue of main flue gas system through bypass entry flue and bypass exit flue respectively, waste water evaporation system's waste water inlet and waste water pipeline intercommunication, air delivery system includes air conduit, control center and at least one thermocouple, the exit end and the bypass entry flue intercommunication of air conduit, at least one thermocouple sets up on waste water evaporation system, bypass entry flue, bypass exit flue, be equipped with the motorised valve on air conduit and the waste water pipeline respectively, control center controls the aperture of the motorised valve on the air conduit so as to adjust air flow according to the temperature signal control of at least one thermocouple monitoring.
2. The desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system of claim 1, wherein the air delivery system comprises a first thermocouple, a second thermocouple, and a third thermocouple, the first thermocouple being disposed on the bypass inlet flue, the second thermocouple being disposed on the evaporation tower of the wastewater evaporation system, and the third thermocouple being disposed on the bypass outlet flue.
3. The desulfurization waste water zero discharge system of claim 2, characterized in that the control center is controlled in a manner that:
s1: when the air conveying system is started, the control center controls the opening of an electric valve on an air pipeline to be 5-15% in advance;
s2: when the temperature Ta monitored by the first thermocouple is less than or equal to 300 ℃, the temperature Tb monitored by the second thermocouple is less than or equal to 180 ℃ and the temperature Tc monitored by the third thermocouple is less than or equal to 160 ℃, the control center controls the opening of the electric valve on the air pipeline to be 20-100%;
s3: and when the temperatures monitored by the first thermocouple, the second thermocouple and the third thermocouple are all reduced to normal temperature, the control center controls the electric valve on the air pipeline to be closed.
4. The desulfurization waste water zero discharge system of claim 3, wherein the step S2 comprises:
when Ta is less than or equal to 300 ℃, Tb is less than or equal to 180 ℃ and Tc is less than or equal to 160 ℃, the control center controls the opening of the electric valve on the air pipeline to be 20-30%;
when Ta is less than or equal to 250 ℃, Tb is less than or equal to 150 ℃ and Tc is less than or equal to 140 ℃, the control center controls the opening of the electric valve on the air pipeline to be 45-55 percent;
when Ta is less than or equal to 200 ℃, Tb is less than or equal to 120 ℃ and Tc is less than or equal to 120 ℃, the control center controls the opening of the electric valve on the air pipeline to be 90-100%.
5. The desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system of claim 1, wherein the wastewater evaporation system comprises an evaporation tower, a gas flow guider and a rotary atomizer, the gas flow guider is arranged at the top of the evaporation tower, the inlet end and the outlet end of the gas flow guider are respectively communicated with the bypass inlet flue and the evaporation tower, the rotary atomizer is arranged at the upper end of the evaporation tower, and the inlet end and the outlet end of the rotary atomizer are respectively communicated with the wastewater pipeline and the evaporation tower.
6. The desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system of claim 1, wherein the flue gas main system comprises a denitration reactor, an air preheater, an electric dust remover and an induced draft fan which are sequentially connected through a flue main, wherein the inlet end of a bypass inlet flue is communicated with the flue main between the denitration reactor and the air preheater, and the outlet end of a bypass outlet flue is communicated with the flue main between the air preheater and the electric dust remover.
7. The desulfurization waste water zero discharge system of claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional area of the air duct is 0.5-1.0 times the cross-sectional area of the bypass inlet flue; an air filter screen is arranged at the inlet end of the air pipeline, and the aperture of the air filter screen is 4-6 mm.
8. The desulfurization waste water zero discharge system of claim 2, wherein the installation depth of the first thermocouple on the bypass inlet flue is 0.3-0.5m, and the distance from the inlet end of the gas deflector is 1.0-3.0 m; the installation depth of the second thermocouple on the evaporation tower is 0.5-1.0m, and the installation position is positioned in the middle of the upper cylindrical part of the evaporation tower; the installation depth of the third thermocouple on the bypass outlet flue is 0.3-0.5m, and the distance between the third thermocouple and the outlet end of the evaporation tower is 1.0-3.0 m.
9. A desulfurization waste water zero-discharge method for preventing moisture condensation, characterized by being carried out by the desulfurization waste water zero-discharge system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The desulfurization waste water zero discharge method according to claim 9, characterized by comprising:
A) opening electric valves on a bypass inlet flue and a bypass outlet flue, and enabling part of high-temperature flue gas in a main flue of the main flue gas system to enter a wastewater evaporation system;
B) opening an electric valve on a waste water pipeline, enabling the desulfurization waste water to enter a waste water evaporation system in a droplet state through the waste water pipeline, fully contacting with high-temperature flue gas for heat exchange, evaporating to dryness, and discharging the flue gas after heat exchange through a bypass outlet flue;
C) closing electric valves on the waste water pipeline and the bypass inlet flue, closing the rotary atomizer, opening an electric valve on the air pipeline, allowing normal-temperature air to enter the waste water evaporation system through the air pipeline and the bypass inlet flue for blowing, controlling the opening of the electric valve on the air pipeline by the control center according to a temperature signal monitored by at least one thermocouple so as to adjust the air flow, and controlling the electric valve on the air pipeline to be closed by the control center after the temperature monitored by the thermocouple is reduced to the normal temperature.
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