CN113525174B - New energy automobile balance control method - Google Patents
New energy automobile balance control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113525174B CN113525174B CN202110757123.XA CN202110757123A CN113525174B CN 113525174 B CN113525174 B CN 113525174B CN 202110757123 A CN202110757123 A CN 202110757123A CN 113525174 B CN113525174 B CN 113525174B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a new energy automobile equalization control method, which comprises the following steps of 1) analyzing and obtaining a time period of frequent non-use of a vehicle according to the habit of the vehicle, and judging whether a battery needs equalization or not; 2) Recording the number of balanced battery strings and the balancing time, judging the conditions met by the vehicle, and uploading balancing information to an instrument end after the vehicle is electrified; 3) The vehicle is balanced according to the condition of satisfying the unused time, and the BMS clears the stored balancing information after balancing is completed, and the vehicle habit is analyzed through the charging and discharging time recorded by the BMS, and a proper method is selected for balancing, so that the target battery voltage to be balanced is reduced to the degree that the average battery voltage is close to the target battery voltage, the consistency of the battery is improved, the service life of the battery is prolonged, the user can acquire the data of the battery core, and the consistency of the battery is deeply perceived; the time of equilibrium can be controlled in manual equilibrium, easy operation, user experience is better.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy automobile battery management, in particular to a new energy automobile balance control method.
Background
At present, most of existing new energy automobiles use batteries as driving power sources, so that the monitoring of battery states is indispensable, and for safety and service life, it is very important that the batteries keep consistency in the use process, so that the batteries keep consistency in long-term operation, and BMS (battery management system) is needed to balance the batteries. Equalization is divided into active equalization and passive equalization; the existing balancing strategies are mostly passive balancing due to cost constraint; in the current common equalization strategy in the market, in the charging stage, after the highest single battery reaches a preset value (for example, the voltage of a lithium iron phosphate single battery reaches 3.55V), when the difference between the single battery voltage and the lowest single battery voltage reaches the preset value (for example, the voltage difference between the single battery voltage and the lowest single battery voltage reaches 300 mV), an equalization switch of the single battery is opened, and the equalization switch is passively discharged through an equalization circuit on the BMS until the difference between the single battery voltage and the lowest single battery voltage reaches the preset value (for example, the voltage difference between the single battery voltage and the lowest single battery voltage reaches 100 mV) or the charging is finished, and the equalization switch is closed; although the battery cell can be balanced by the balancing strategy, the balancing time is short due to more starting balancing conditions, and the practical effect is not great; in order to solve the problems, a novel balance control strategy is provided, and the strategy not only balances under the condition of not affecting personal use, but also can improve the balance effect by increasing the balance time; meanwhile, the strategy can manually start the equalization function, freely control the equalization time, facilitate the operation and better equalize the battery cells, thereby improving the consistency of the battery; thereby prolonging the service life of the battery and increasing the endurance of the vehicle; the user can also obtain the performance of the vehicle battery through the equalization information.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a new energy automobile balance control method, which comprises the following steps:
1) According to the habit of the vehicle, analyzing and obtaining a time period when the vehicle is not frequently used, and judging whether the batteries need to be balanced or not;
2) Recording the number of balanced battery strings and the balancing time, judging three conditions met by the vehicle, and uploading balancing information to an instrument end after the vehicle is electrified;
3) And the vehicle equalizes according to the satisfied condition of the unused time, and the BMS clears the stored equalization information after equalization is completed.
As an improvement of the present invention, in the 2), the condition one (precondition (1)) is to judge that the vehicle uses the equalizing method one when the vehicle has current charging that continues beyond the fixed time value no less than once in the cycle, the condition two (precondition (2)) is to judge that the vehicle uses the equalizing method two when the vehicle has no less than once in the cycle that the vehicle non-use time continues beyond the fixed time value and does not satisfy the condition one, and the condition three (precondition (3)) is to judge that the vehicle uses the equalizing method three on the premise that the condition two is not satisfied.
As an improvement of the invention, the equalization is carried out in the slow charging process of the vehicle, after the highest single battery reaches a preset value, when the difference between the target battery voltage and the lowest battery voltage reaches the preset value, an equalization switch of the target battery is opened, the equalization circuit on the BMS is used for carrying out passive discharging until the difference between the target battery voltage and the lowest battery voltage reaches the preset value or the charging is finished, and the equalization switch is disconnected to finish equalization.
As an improvement of the invention, the off-line equalization is adopted to meet the second condition, and the time period of frequent non-use of the vehicle is obtained through analysis according to the use habit of the vehicle, and the equalization is carried out at the time; when the BMS is in the time period, before dormancy, the BMS wakes up after setting an RTC (real time clock) at a fixed time value, reads Memory data, sets the equalization time of a battery sampling Chip (CMU) corresponding to a target battery, turns off an equalization switch of the target battery after reaching the equalization time of the target battery, and then wakes up through the RTC (real time clock) after the BMS is again set to reach the maximum equalization time, and the BMS enters dormancy; and checking the battery state after the BMS wakes up again, directly entering into dormancy after detecting that the monomer to be balanced is not needed, if the monomer to be balanced still exists, setting the target battery to be balanced again by the BMS, entering into dormancy again after setting the RTC wake-up time until the BMS detects that the monomer battery or the vehicle to be balanced is not needed to start, switching off an equalization switch, and ending equalization.
As an improvement of the invention, the third condition is that equalization is carried out in the discharging process of the vehicle, an equalization switch of the target battery is started in the discharging process of the vehicle, and the equalization switch of the target battery is disconnected after the equalization time is reached, so that equalization is finished.
As an improvement of the present invention, in the 1), when the BMS wakes up after setting the RTC after a fixed time value before dormancy in the period, the BMS records the target battery string number exceeding the average battery voltage by 100mV, queries the battery capacity value corresponding to the target battery voltage and the average battery voltage by comparing with an OCV table (open circuit voltmeter), takes the absolute value of the difference between the two values, calculates the equalizing current by the equalizing resistance, and calculates the required equalizing time by (capacity difference)/(equalizing current).
As an improvement of the present invention, in 1), when the equalization time is less than or equal to 1h, no information is stored, and only when the equalization time is more than 1h, the corresponding target battery string number and the equalization time thereof are stored in the Memory, then the BMS goes to sleep, and after each judgment, the latest data will cover the original data, and not occupy too much storage space.
As an improvement of the present invention, in the 2), after the vehicle is powered on, the BMS transmits the data stored in the Memory last time to the meter terminal through the CAN network, and performs the balance setting through the balance option of the meter interface.
As an improvement of the invention, an equalization option is added on the main interface of the instrument, and a lower menu of the equalization option is divided into equalization opening and detailed information; after balancing is selected to be started, one-key balancing is carried out, an instrument interface prompts the vehicle to need balancing time, meanwhile, the instrument sends a balancing instruction to the BMS through the CAN network, the BMS sets target battery balancing time through the CMU, balancing is started, the instrument end displays that operation is completed, the vehicle CAN be powered down manually, the balancing process is completed through the CMU, and the balancing process CAN be stopped at any time through starting of the vehicle; displaying the average battery voltage, the target battery string number, the target battery voltage and the target battery balancing time after selecting the detailed information; after the equalization is finished, the BMS clears the stored equalization information.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: when the BMS detects that the batteries need to be balanced, the charging and discharging time recorded by the BMS is used for analyzing the vehicle habit, and a proper method is selected for balancing, so that the target battery voltage needing to be balanced is reduced to the degree that the average battery voltage is close to the target battery voltage, the consistency of the batteries is improved, the service life of the batteries is prolonged, and the duration of the vehicle is increased; meanwhile, through the balance function of the instrument, a user can acquire the data of the battery cell, and the consistency of the battery is deeply perceived; meanwhile, the time of balancing can be controlled by manual balancing, the operation is simple, and the user experience is better.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an equalization control method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to fig. 1 and the embodiments, it being understood that the following embodiments are only illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Examples: as shown in fig. 1, according to the new energy automobile balance control method, according to the data in the past 30 days, analyzing the unused time period of the automobile, wherein the time period is between 2h and 8 h; in the time period, before the vehicle is powered down, the BMS sets wake-up time; after reaching the wake-up time, the BMS acquires a target battery to be balanced and the balancing time thereof; after the next time the vehicle is started, the BMS sends the recorded data to an instrument end through a CAN network, and the instrument stores the data for operation of a standby user; BMS analyzes the use habit of the vehicle and selects a corresponding balancing method for balancing; after the equalization is finished, the BMS clears the stored equalization information; the above steps are carried out in a cyclic operation, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) According to the habit of the vehicle, analyzing and obtaining a time period when the vehicle is not frequently used, and judging whether the batteries need to be balanced or not;
2) Recording the number of balanced battery strings and the balancing time, judging three conditions met by the vehicle, and uploading balancing information to an instrument end after the vehicle is electrified;
3) And the vehicle equalizes according to the satisfied condition of the unused time, and the BMS clears the stored equalization information after equalization is completed.
Further, in the 2), the first condition is: when the vehicle is charged with a small current having a duration of 2 times per 30 cycles exceeding 8 hours with 24 hours as a cycle, the vehicle is considered to be able to use the equalization method one, and the second condition is that when the vehicle is not satisfied with the first condition, the vehicle is considered to be able to use the equalization method two, and the third condition is that the vehicle is judged to use the equalization method three on the premise that the second condition is not satisfied, when the vehicle is not used with a vehicle having a duration of 2 times per 30 cycles exceeding 8 hours with 24 hours as a cycle.
Further, the first equalization method is adopted when the first condition is satisfied: equalization is performed during slow vehicle charging. After the highest single battery reaches a preset value (for example, the voltage of the lithium iron phosphate single battery reaches 3.55V), when the difference between the target battery voltage and the lowest battery voltage reaches a preset value (for example, the voltage difference of the lithium iron phosphate reaches 150 mV), an equalization switch of the target battery is opened, and the equalization circuit on the BMS is used for carrying out passive discharging until the difference between the target battery voltage and the lowest battery voltage reaches the preset value (for example, the voltage difference of the lithium iron phosphate reaches 50 mV), or the charging is finished, the equalization switch is opened, and the equalization is finished.
Further, the second equalization method is adopted when the second condition is satisfied: offline equalization. According to the using habit of the vehicle, analyzing and obtaining a time period when the vehicle is not used frequently, and balancing at the time; when the BMS is in the time period, before dormancy, the BMS wakes up after 0.5h, memory data is read, the BMS sets the equalization time of a battery sampling Chip (CMU) corresponding to the target battery, the battery sampling chip turns off an equalization switch of the target battery after reaching the equalization time of the target battery, and then the BMS wakes up through the RTC after reaching the maximum equalization time again, and the BMS enters dormancy; and checking the battery state after the BMS wakes up again, directly entering into dormancy after detecting that the monomer to be balanced is not needed, if the monomer to be balanced still exists, setting the target battery to be balanced again by the BMS, entering into dormancy again after setting the RTC wake-up time until the BMS detects that the monomer battery or the vehicle to be balanced is not needed to start, switching off an equalization switch, and ending equalization.
Further, the equalization method III is adopted to meet the condition III: equalization is performed during the vehicle discharge. And in the discharging process of the vehicle, starting an equalization switch of the target battery, and turning off the equalization switch of the target battery after the equalization time is reached, so that equalization is finished.
Further, in the 1), according to the usage habit of the vehicle, a period of time that the vehicle is not frequently used is analyzed, the period of time exceeds 2 hours and does not exceed 8 hours, when the BMS is in the period of time, before dormancy, the BMS wakes up after the RTC is set for 2 hours, after the wake-up, the BMS records the target battery string number exceeding the average battery voltage by 100mV, queries the battery capacity value corresponding to the target battery voltage and the average battery voltage by comparing with an OCV table (open circuit voltmeter), takes the absolute value of the difference value of the target battery voltage and the average battery voltage, calculates the balance current by the balance resistor, and calculates the required balance time by (capacity difference value)/(balance current).
Further, in the 1), when the equalization time is less than or equal to 1h, no information is stored, and only when the equalization time is more than 1h, the corresponding target battery string number and the equalization time thereof are stored in the Memory, then the BMS goes to sleep, and after each judgment is finished, the latest data will cover the original data, and not occupy excessive storage space.
Further, in the step 2), after the vehicle is powered on, the BMS sends the data stored in the Memory last time to the meter terminal through the CAN network, and performs equalization setting through an equalization option of the meter interface.
Further, an equalization option is added on the main interface of the instrument, and a lower menu of the equalization option is divided into equalization opening and detailed information; after balancing is selected to be started, one-key balancing is carried out, an instrument interface prompts the vehicle to need balancing time, meanwhile, the instrument sends a balancing instruction to the BMS through the CAN network, the BMS sets target battery balancing time through the CMU, balancing is started, the instrument end displays that operation is completed, the vehicle CAN be powered down manually, the balancing process is completed through the CMU, and the balancing process CAN be stopped at any time through starting of the vehicle; displaying the average battery voltage, the target battery string number, the target battery voltage and the target battery balancing time after selecting the detailed information; after the equalization is finished, the BMS clears the stored equalization information.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention; furthermore, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some or all of the technical features thereof, without departing from the spirit of the corresponding technical solution from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The new energy automobile balance control method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) According to the habit of the vehicle, analyzing and obtaining a time period when the vehicle is not used, and judging whether the batteries need to be balanced or not;
2) Recording the number of balanced battery strings and the balancing time, judging three conditions met by the vehicle, and uploading balancing information to an instrument end after the vehicle is electrified;
3) The vehicle equalizes according to the condition of the satisfied unused time period, the BMS clears the stored equalization information after the equalization is completed,
in the step 2), the three conditions include a first condition, a second condition and a third condition, the first condition is that when the vehicle has current charge which is not less than once and continuously exceeds a fixed time value in a period, the first condition is that when the vehicle has not less than once and continuously exceeds the fixed time value in the period, the second condition is that when the vehicle does not meet the condition, the second condition is that the vehicle is used, the third condition is that the third condition is not met,
the equalization method firstly adopts equalization in the slow charging process of the vehicle, when the difference value of the target battery voltage and the lowest battery voltage reaches a preset value, an equalization switch of the target battery is opened, the equalization circuit on the BMS is used for carrying out passive discharge until the difference value of the target battery voltage and the lowest battery voltage reaches the preset value,
in the balancing method II, offline balancing is adopted, before the BMS sleeps, the RTC is set to wake up after a fixed time value, memory data is read, the BMS sets the balancing time of the battery sampling chip corresponding to the target battery, the battery sampling chip turns off a balancing switch of the target battery after reaching the balancing time of the target battery,
and thirdly, the equalization method is adopted to perform equalization in the discharging process of the vehicle, and after the equalization time is reached, an equalization switch of the target battery is disconnected, and equalization is finished.
2. The new energy automobile equalization control method of claim 1, wherein the BMS again sets the maximum equalization time and checks the battery status after waking up by the RTC.
3. The method for controlling the equalization of a new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein 1) when the BMS wakes up after a fixed time value by setting the RTC before the sleep, the BMS records a target battery string number exceeding the average battery voltage by 100mV after the wake-up, inquires a battery capacity value corresponding to the target battery voltage and the average battery voltage, and calculates the equalization current and the equalization time.
4. The new energy automobile equalization control method according to claim 3, wherein in the 1), when the equalization time is less than or equal to 1h, no information is stored, and only when the equalization time is more than 1h, the corresponding target battery string number and the equalization time thereof are stored in a Memory, and then the BMS goes to sleep.
5. The new energy automobile equalization control method according to claim 1, wherein in the 2), after the automobile is powered on, the BMS sends the data stored in the Memory last time to the meter end through the CAN network, and performs equalization setting through an equalization option of the meter interface.
6. The new energy automobile equalization control method according to claim 5, wherein the equalization is started by an equalization starting option on the main interface, the instrument sends an equalization command to the BMS through the CAN network, and the BMS sets the time for target battery equalization through the battery sampling chip and starts equalization.
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| CN112092678A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-12-18 | 昆山宝创新能源科技有限公司 | Driving balancing method, device and system |
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| CN106340926B (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-10-23 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Lithium battery Balance route policy optimization method |
| JP6720856B2 (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2020-07-08 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Battery module controller |
| DE102017009007A1 (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-03-28 | Borgward Trademark Holdings Gmbh | Method for balancing a drive battery, associated device and vehicle |
| CN110509817B (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2021-09-03 | 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 | Vehicle and battery equalization control method and device |
| CN113022376A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-06-25 | 万向一二三股份公司 | Passive balancing method and system for battery pack management system in vehicle dormancy state |
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