CN113523165A - Hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for oil exploitation operation and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for oil exploitation operation and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113523165A
CN113523165A CN202110784188.3A CN202110784188A CN113523165A CN 113523165 A CN113523165 A CN 113523165A CN 202110784188 A CN202110784188 A CN 202110784188A CN 113523165 A CN113523165 A CN 113523165A
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forging
carrying
stainless steel
tempering
following
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CN113523165B (en
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罗克伟
胡强
周鹏飞
朱昌军
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Jiangyin Hengye Forging Co ltd
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Jiangyin Hengye Forging Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/08—Upsetting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K29/00—Arrangements for heating or cooling during processing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C21D1/28—Normalising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2261/00—Machining or cutting being involved

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for oil exploitation operation and a preparation method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: (1) raw material purchasing: taking an F6NM stainless steel ingot; (2) and (3) performance detection: chemical component re-examination; (3) forging: forging for multiple times; (4) heat treatment after forging: cooling and tempering; (5) rough machining: cutting; (6) performance heat treatment: solid solution, cooling and tempering; (7) finish machining: and finishing to obtain the stainless steel forging. The invention is realized by forging stainless steelThe chemical components of the part are specifically limited, the content of C is controlled to be in an ultralow state, the content of N is controlled, the phase stability is maintained, the hardness is reduced, and the welding performance and the H resistance are improved2S corrosion performance, adding a very small amount of Al, refining crystal grains, improving fatigue resistance, re-optimizing the content of Cr and Mo, optimizing the equivalent ratio of Cr to Ni, and obviously improving corrosion resistance, so that the stainless steel forging is more suitable for the operation environment rich in hydrogen sulfide, the production efficiency can be obviously improved, and the qualification rate is improved.

Description

Hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for oil exploitation operation and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal materials, in particular to a hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for oil exploitation operation and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The super martensitic stainless steel F6NM (04Cr13Ni5Mo, 0Cr13Ni4Mo) is mature day by day, the material has increasingly wide application range in China, and has excellent performance in application in corrosive environments such as mining, petroleum refining and the like except for high-strength and corrosion-resistant occasions such as hydraulic engineering and the like. China only lists material marks in GB20878, and product standards are not established yet.
Most of petroleum minerals owned by China contain corrosive gases such as hydrogen sulfide, crude oil purchased from international markets in China also mainly contains heavy oil rich in hydrogen sulfide, and F6NM super martensitic stainless steel has excellent performance, can simultaneously adjust the comprehensive performance of strength and corrosion resistance to an optimal state, and is not selected in hydrogen sulfide-rich operation occasions. With the increasingly fierce energy competition, the oil exploitation technology is more and more urgent to exceed the world advanced level, and China needs extensive oil refining equipment with advanced performance in the process of investing and constructing a large number of oil exploitation and oil refining projects for relevant countries. Therefore, on the basis of the research and development of the application of F6NM with high strength and high toughness, the research and development of the application of F6NM in hydrogen sulfide corrosion environment in oil exploitation and refining operation and the development of a manufacturing process of F6NM with low hardness and high corrosion resistance tend to be great. Therefore, the hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for the oil exploitation operation and the preparation method thereof are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for oil exploitation operation and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for oil exploitation operation comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material purchasing: taking an F6NM stainless steel ingot as a raw material;
(2) and (3) performance detection: carrying out chemical component retest detection on the raw materials, and taking qualified products as raw materials;
(3) forging: forging the raw materials for multiple times to obtain a forged blank;
(4) heat treatment after forging: cooling and tempering the forging stock to obtain a forging piece;
(5) rough machining: cutting the forging to obtain a rough forged piece;
(6) performance heat treatment: carrying out solid solution, cooling and tempering treatment on the rough machined forging to obtain a heat-treated steel piece;
(7) finish machining: and performing finish machining on the steel piece after the heat treatment to obtain the stainless steel forging.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material purchasing: purchasing F6NM stainless steel ingots as raw materials;
(2) and (3) performance detection: carrying out chemical component retest detection on the raw materials, and taking qualified products as raw materials;
(3) forging:
and (3) carrying out first hot forging on the raw materials which are qualified in the step (2), wherein the first hot forging process comprises the following steps: upsetting and drawing at the initial forging temperature of 1140-1180 ℃ and the final forging temperature of 800-900 ℃;
heating the mixture in a furnace at the temperature of 1140-1180 ℃, preserving heat for 2-2.5 hours, and performing second hot forging, wherein the second hot forging process comprises the following steps: carrying out upsetting, chamfering, punching, rounding and hole expanding at the initial forging temperature of 1140-1180 ℃ and the final forging temperature of 800-900 ℃;
heating the mixture in a furnace at the temperature of 1140-1180 ℃, preserving heat for 2-2.5 hours, and performing third-time forging, wherein the third-time forging process comprises the following steps: the initial forging temperature is 1140-1180 ℃, the final forging temperature is 800-900 ℃, and the mandrel is drawn out, the step is drawn out, and the forging stock is obtained after correction forming;
(4) heat treatment after forging:
and (4) air-cooling the forging stock obtained in the step (3), and putting the forging stock into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process comprises the following steps: primary tempering: heating to 670-690 ℃, and carrying out forced air cooling for the first time; carrying out secondary tempering, heating to 610-630 ℃, carrying out secondary forced air cooling, carrying out hardness detection, and taking qualified products as forgings;
(5) rough machining:
taking the forged piece obtained in the step (4), carrying out local polishing treatment on the outer diameter and the end surface of the forged piece, carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection, carrying out cutting processing, and carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection again to obtain a qualified product which is a rough forged piece;
(6) performance heat treatment:
normalizing the rough forged piece obtained in the step (5), cooling to 5-25 ℃, putting into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process comprises the following steps: primary tempering: heating to 675-685 ℃, and carrying out forced air cooling once; carrying out secondary tempering: heating to 605-620 ℃, and performing forced air cooling for the second time to obtain a heat-treated steel part;
(7) finish machining:
and (4) sampling the heat-treated steel part obtained in the step (6), detecting the mechanical property, performing finish machining on the steel part qualified in detection, and performing ultrasonic flaw detection to obtain the stainless steel forging.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material purchasing: purchasing F6NM stainless steel ingots as raw materials; f6NM stainless steel ingots with macroscopic shrinkage cavities, cracks, air holes, slag inclusion and turning do not exist on the surface, are qualified stainless steel ingots and can be used as raw materials;
(2) and (3) performance detection: carrying out chemical component retest detection on the raw materials, and taking qualified products as raw materials;
(3) forging:
and (3) carrying out first hot forging on the raw materials which are qualified in the step (2), wherein the first hot forging process comprises the following steps: upsetting and drawing at the initial forging temperature of 1140-1180 ℃ and the final forging temperature of 800-900 ℃, wherein the upsetting ratio is 2-3, and the drawing ratio is 2-3;
heating the mixture in a furnace at the temperature of 1140-1180 ℃, preserving heat for 2-2.5 hours, and performing second hot forging, wherein the second hot forging process comprises the following steps: carrying out upsetting, chamfering, punching, rounding and hole expanding at the initial forging temperature of 1140-1180 ℃ and the final forging temperature of 800-900 ℃;
heating the mixture in a furnace at the temperature of 1140-1180 ℃, preserving heat for 2-2.5 hours, and performing third-time forging, wherein the third-time forging process comprises the following steps: the initial forging temperature is 1140-1180 ℃, the final forging temperature is 800-900 ℃, and the mandrel is drawn out, the step is drawn out, and the forging stock is obtained after correction forming;
(4) heat treatment after forging:
taking the forging stock obtained in the step (3) for air cooling, cooling to 50-80 ℃, keeping for 3-5 h, putting into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process is as follows: primary tempering: heating to 670-690 ℃, preserving heat for 14-16 h, carrying out forced air cooling once to 10-60 ℃, and keeping for 3-5 h; carrying out secondary tempering, heating to 610-630 ℃, keeping the temperature for 16-18 h, carrying out secondary forced air cooling to room temperature to reduce the hardness of the forge piece, facilitating machining, carrying out hardness detection, and taking qualified products as the forge piece;
(5) rough machining:
taking the forged piece obtained in the step (4), carrying out local polishing treatment on the outer diameter and the end surface of the forged piece, carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection, carrying out cutting processing, and carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection again to obtain a qualified product which is a rough forged piece;
(6) performance heat treatment:
normalizing the rough forged piece obtained in the step (5), air-cooling to 5-25 ℃, keeping for 3-5 h, and putting into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process comprises the following steps: primary tempering: heating to 675-685 ℃, preserving heat for 14-16 h, carrying out forced air cooling once to 5-25 ℃, and keeping for 3-5 h; carrying out secondary tempering: heating to 605-620 ℃, preserving heat for 14-16 h, and performing forced air cooling to room temperature for the second time to obtain a heat-treated steel piece, so as to obtain the required mechanical property and corrosion resistance;
(7) finish machining:
and (4) sampling the heat-treated steel part obtained in the step (6), detecting the mechanical property, performing finish machining on the steel part qualified in detection, and performing ultrasonic flaw detection to obtain the stainless steel forging. Wherein the mechanical property detection is the Rockwell hardness HRC, the elongation after fracture A, the reduction of area Z and the tensile strength R of the forged piecemYield strength Rp0.2Performing a mechanical test; the mechanical properties of the qualified forgings need to reach 16-23 HRC Rockwell hardness, 15-25% elongation after fracture and fractureThe surface shrinkage Z is 45-60% and the tensile strength Rm690-750 Mpa, yield strength Rp0.2570-620 Mpa;
further, the raw materials in the step (2) comprise the following element components in percentage by weight: c: 0-0.03%, Si: 0.3-0.6%, Mn: 0.5-0.8%, P: 0-0.03%, S: 0-0.015%, Ni: 3.7-4.5%, Cr: 12 to 13%, Mo: 0.5-0.6%, N: 0-0.02%, Al: 0-0.01%, Cu: 0-0.1%, a small amount of other impurities, and the balance of Fe. The raw materials may contain other very small amounts of impurities; the C content is the most direct element of the raw material on the hardness of the stainless steel forging, and the C content is controlled to be in an ultralow state of less than 0.03 wt.%, so that the martensite stability in the phase structure of the stainless steel forging can be maintained; meanwhile, the content of N is controlled to be 0-0.020 wt%, the hardness of the stainless steel forging can be reduced to the maximum extent, on the premise that the strength of the stainless steel forging is not excessively reduced, the problem that the martensitic stainless steel forging cannot meet NACE-MR0175 standard requirements and has the working condition hardness of corrosion resistance of a hydrogen sulfide-rich operating environment to be less than or equal to 23HRC is solved, the contents of Cr and Mo are optimized again through tests, and when the contents of Cr and Mo are controlled to be within the range of 12.00-13.00% and 0.50-0.60% of the standard specified contents, the equivalent ratio of Cr to Ni can be optimized, and the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel forging in hydrogen sulfide is remarkably improved; the welding performance and the cold bending performance of the stainless steel forging can be reasonably improved; less than 0.01 wt.% of Al is added, and a very small amount of Al is used as a reduction deoxidizer and a grain refining element, so that the fatigue resistance of the stainless steel forging is improved; compared with the commercially available super martensitic stainless steel piece treated in the same processing mode, the stainless steel forging manufactured by the method has the advantages that the qualified rate is far higher than that of the commercially available steel piece according to the standard NACE MR0175 test, so that the production efficiency is greatly improved;
the content of each element component in the raw material is limited
Further, the temperature rise rate of the primary tempering in the step (4) is 85-100 ℃/h, and the temperature rise rate of the secondary tempering is 50-70 ℃/h.
Further, the hardness of the forged piece in the step (4) is 16-23 HRC. The hardness of the forging piece is less than or equal to 23HRC or less than or equal to 275HB, and if the hardness exceeds 275HB, supplementary tempering is immediately carried out at the temperature of 620-630 ℃;
further, the normalizing treatment process in the step (6) comprises the following steps: heating the rough machined forge piece to 240-300 ℃, then heating to 950-1050 ℃ at the speed of 120-200 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 7.5-8.5 h.
Further, the temperature rise rate of the primary tempering in the step (6) is 80-200 ℃/h, and the temperature rise rate of the secondary tempering is 70-200 ℃/h.
Further, the surface roughness of the rough machined forging piece after the cutting machining in the step (5) is Ra6.3.
Further, the stainless steel forging in the step (7) comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c: 0-0.03%, Si: 0.3-0.6%, Mn: 0.5-0.8%, P: 0-0.03%, S: 0-0.015%, Ni: 3.7-4.5%, Cr: 12-13%, Mo: 0.5-0.6%, N: 0-0.02%, Al: 0-0.01%, Cu: 0 to 0.1% and the balance Fe. Stainless steel forgings may contain other minor impurities.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for oil exploitation operation and the preparation method thereof, the chemical components of the stainless steel forging are specifically limited, the content of C is controlled to be in an ultralow state, the content of N is controlled, the hardness of the stainless steel forging is reduced while the phase stability is maintained, a very small amount of Al is added, the fatigue resistance of the stainless steel forging is improved, the contents of Cr and Mo are optimized again, the welding performance and the cold bending performance of the stainless steel forging are improved, the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel forging in hydrogen sulfide is obviously improved, the stainless steel forging is more suitable for the operation environment rich in hydrogen sulfide, the production efficiency can be obviously improved in the preparation process, and the qualification rate of the stainless steel forging is improved.
2. According to the hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for oil exploitation operation and the preparation method thereof, when heat treatment and performance heat treatment are carried out after forging, normalizing treatment and twice aging treatment are carried out on the stainless steel forging, the workpiece is forcibly cooled to a low enough temperature in the middle of each heat treatment process and is kept for a proper time, so that the residual austenite in a phase structure is fully converted into martensite, the martensite is tempered in the subsequent heat treatment process, the content of the residual austenite is further reduced, the content of untempered martensite converted from the residual austenite in the final forging is reduced, the toughness and plasticity of the stainless steel forging are effectively improved while the strength is not damaged, the corrosion resistance is improved, and the welding difficulty is reduced.
3. According to the hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for the oil exploitation operation and the preparation method thereof, when the hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for the oil exploitation operation is prepared, the component parameters of the stainless steel forging are optimized, the preparation process flow is enriched, the toughness and the plasticity of the prepared stainless steel forging are improved, the stainless steel forging has excellent corrosion resistance in hydrogen sulfide, and the hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging is suitable for the oil exploitation operation environment needing hydrogen sulfide resistance and can meet the actual operation requirement.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Raw material purchasing: purchasing F6NM stainless steel ingots as raw materials;
(2) and (3) performance detection: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out chemical component reinspection detection on raw materials, taking qualified products as raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise the following element components in percentage by weight: c: 0.015%, Si: 0.45%, Mn: 0.56%, P: 0.022%, S: 0.001%, Ni: 3.80%, Cr: 12.30%, Mo: 0.54%, N: 0.018%, Al: 0.005%, Cu: 0.06%, Co: 0.065%, and the balance of Fe;
(3) forging:
and (3) carrying out first hot forging on the raw materials which are qualified in the step (2), wherein the first hot forging process comprises the following steps: upsetting and drawing out at the initial forging temperature of 1160 ℃ and the final forging temperature of 800 ℃, wherein the upsetting ratio is 2, the drawing out ratio is 2, upsetting, chamfering, punching, rounding and hole expanding are carried out, a core rod is drawn out and corrected to form to obtain a forging stock;
(4) heat treatment after forging:
taking the forging stock obtained in the step (3) for air cooling, cooling to 50 ℃, keeping for 3h, putting into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process comprises the following steps: primary tempering: heating to 670 ℃ at the heating rate of 85 ℃/h, preserving heat for 14h, carrying out forced air cooling once to 10 ℃, and keeping for 3 h; carrying out secondary tempering, heating to 610 ℃ at the heating rate of 50 ℃/h, preserving heat for 16h, carrying out secondary forced air cooling to room temperature, carrying out hardness detection, and taking qualified products as forgings;
(5) rough machining:
taking the forged piece obtained in the step (4), carrying out local polishing treatment on the outer diameter and the end surface of the forged piece, carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection, carrying out cutting processing, and carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection again to obtain a qualified product which is a rough forged piece;
(6) performance heat treatment:
and (5) normalizing the rough forged piece obtained in the step (5), wherein the process comprises the following steps: heating the rough machined forge piece to 240 ℃, raising the temperature to 1020 ℃ at the speed of 120 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 11h, cooling the rough machined forge piece to 25 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3h, and putting the rough machined forge piece into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process comprises the following steps: primary tempering: heating to 680 ℃ at the heating rate of 80 ℃/h, preserving heat for 21h, carrying out forced air cooling to 5 ℃ for one time, and keeping for 3 h; carrying out secondary tempering: heating to 610 ℃ at the heating rate of 90 ℃/h, preserving heat for 21h, and carrying out forced air cooling for the second time to 25 ℃ to obtain a heat-treated steel piece;
(7) finish machining:
and (4) sampling the heat-treated steel part obtained in the step (6), detecting the mechanical property, performing finish machining on the steel part qualified in detection, and performing ultrasonic flaw detection to obtain the stainless steel forging.
Example 2
(1) Raw material purchasing: purchasing F6NM stainless steel ingots as raw materials;
(2) and (3) performance detection: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out chemical component reinspection detection on raw materials, taking qualified products as raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise the following element components in percentage by weight: c: 0.012%, Si: 0.4%, Mn: 0.60%, P: 0.024%, S: 0.005%, Ni: 3.80%, Cr: 12.35%, Mo: 0.52%, N: 0.015%, Al: 0.008%, Cu: 0.09%, Co: 0.07%, the balance being Fe;
(3) forging:
and (3) carrying out first hot forging on the raw materials which are qualified in the step (2), wherein the first hot forging process comprises the following steps: upsetting and drawing at the initial forging temperature of 1160 ℃ and the final forging temperature of 850 ℃, wherein the upsetting ratio is 2.5, and the drawing ratio is 2.5;
heating in a furnace at the temperature of 1160 ℃, preserving heat for 2.2 hours, and performing second-time forging, wherein the second-time forging process comprises the following steps: the initial forging temperature is 1160 ℃, and the final forging temperature is 850 ℃, and upsetting, chamfering, punching, rounding and hole expanding are carried out;
heating in a furnace at the temperature of 1160 ℃, preserving heat for 2.2 hours, and carrying out third-time forging, wherein the third-time forging process comprises the following steps: the initial forging temperature is 1160 ℃, the final forging temperature is 850 ℃, and the mandrel is drawn out, the step is drawn out, and the forging stock is prepared after correction forming;
(4) heat treatment after forging:
taking the forging stock obtained in the step (3) for air cooling, cooling to 65 ℃, keeping for 4h, putting into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process comprises the following steps: primary tempering: heating to 680 ℃ at the heating rate of 92 ℃/h, preserving heat for 15h, carrying out forced air cooling once to 30 ℃, and keeping for 4 h; carrying out secondary tempering, heating to 620 ℃ at the heating rate of 60 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for 17h, carrying out secondary forced air cooling to room temperature, carrying out hardness detection, and taking qualified products as forgings;
(5) rough machining:
taking the forged piece obtained in the step (4), carrying out local polishing treatment on the outer diameter and the end surface of the forged piece, carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection, carrying out cutting processing, and carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection again to obtain a qualified product which is a rough forged piece;
(6) performance heat treatment:
and (5) normalizing the rough forged piece obtained in the step (5), wherein the process comprises the following steps: heating the rough machined forge piece to 260 ℃, raising the temperature to 1020 ℃ at the speed of 120 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 13h, air-cooling to 15 ℃, keeping the temperature for 4h, and putting the rough machined forge piece into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process comprises the following steps: primary tempering: heating to 680 ℃ at the heating rate of 80 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 23.5h, carrying out forced air cooling once to 15 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 4 h; carrying out secondary tempering: heating to 610 ℃ at the heating rate of 70 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 23.5h, and carrying out forced air cooling for the second time to 15 ℃ to obtain a heat-treated steel piece;
(7) finish machining:
and (4) sampling the heat-treated steel part obtained in the step (6), detecting the mechanical property, performing finish machining on the steel part qualified in detection, and performing ultrasonic flaw detection to obtain the stainless steel forging.
Example 3
(1) Raw material purchasing: purchasing F6NM stainless steel ingots as raw materials;
(2) and (3) performance detection: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out chemical component reinspection detection on raw materials, taking qualified products as raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise the following element components in percentage by weight: c: 0.014%, Si: 0.47%, Mn: 0.69%, P: 0.022%, S: 0.006%, Ni: 3.82%, Cr: 12.25%, Mo: 0.53%, N: 0.014%, Al: 0.006%, Cu: 0.08%, Co: 0.065%, and the balance of Fe;
(3) forging:
and (3) carrying out first hot forging on the raw materials which are qualified in the step (2), wherein the first hot forging process comprises the following steps: upsetting and drawing at the initial forging temperature of 1160 ℃ and the final forging temperature of 900 ℃, wherein the upsetting ratio is 3, and the drawing ratio is 3;
heating in a furnace at the temperature of 1160 ℃, preserving heat for 2.5 hours, and performing second-time forging, wherein the second-time forging process comprises the following steps: the initial forging temperature is 1160 ℃, and the final forging temperature is 900 ℃, and upsetting, chamfering, punching, rounding and hole expanding are carried out;
heating in a furnace at 1100 ℃, preserving heat for 2.5h, and carrying out third-time forging, wherein the third-time forging process comprises the following steps: the initial forging temperature is 1100 ℃, the final forging temperature is 900 ℃, and the core rod is drawn out, the step is drawn out, and the forging stock is prepared after correction forming;
(4) heat treatment after forging:
taking the forging stock obtained in the step (3) for air cooling, cooling to 80 ℃, keeping for 5 hours, putting into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process comprises the following steps: primary tempering: heating to 690 ℃ at a heating rate of 100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 16h, carrying out forced air cooling once to 30 ℃, and keeping for 3 h; carrying out secondary tempering, heating to 630 ℃ at the heating rate of 70 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for 18h, carrying out secondary forced air cooling to room temperature, carrying out hardness detection, and taking qualified products as forgings;
(5) rough machining:
taking the forged piece obtained in the step (4), carrying out local polishing treatment on the outer diameter and the end surface of the forged piece, carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection, carrying out cutting processing, and carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection again to obtain a qualified product which is a rough forged piece;
(6) performance heat treatment:
and (5) normalizing the rough forged piece obtained in the step (5), wherein the process comprises the following steps: heating the rough machined forge piece to 280 ℃, raising the temperature to 1020 ℃ at the speed of 120 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 11h, air-cooling to 5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5h, and putting the rough machined forge piece into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process comprises the following steps: primary tempering: heating to 680 ℃ at the heating rate of 80 ℃/h, preserving heat for 21h, carrying out forced air cooling to 5 ℃ once, and keeping for 5 h; carrying out secondary tempering: heating to 620 ℃ at the heating rate of 70 ℃/h, preserving heat for 21h, and carrying out forced air cooling for the second time to 5 ℃ to obtain a heat-treated steel piece;
(7) finish machining:
and (4) sampling the heat-treated steel part obtained in the step (6), detecting the mechanical property, performing finish machining on the steel part qualified in detection, and performing ultrasonic flaw detection to obtain the stainless steel forging.
Comparative example 1
(1) Raw material purchasing: purchasing F6NM stainless steel ingots as raw materials;
(2) and (3) performance detection: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out chemical component reinspection detection on raw materials, taking qualified products as raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise the following element components in percentage by weight: c: 0.015%, Si: 0.4%, Mn: 0.67%, P: 0.022%, S: 0.0007%, Ni: 3.83%, Cr: 12.20%, Mo: 0.55%, N: 0.013%, Al: 0.005%, Cu: 0.09%, Co: 0.07%, the balance being Fe;
(3) forging:
forging the raw materials which are qualified in the step (2), wherein the forging process comprises the following steps: upsetting and drawing out at the initial forging temperature of 1160 ℃ and the final forging temperature of 850 ℃, wherein the upsetting ratio is 2.5, the drawing-out ratio is 2.5, and upsetting, chamfering, punching, rounding, flattening and forming are carried out to prepare a forging stock;
(4) heat treatment after forging:
taking the forging stock obtained in the step (3) for air cooling, cooling to 65 ℃, keeping for 4h, putting into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process comprises the following steps: primary tempering: heating to 680 ℃ at the heating rate of 92 ℃/h, preserving heat for 15h, carrying out forced air cooling once to 30 ℃, and keeping for 4 h; carrying out secondary tempering, heating to 620 ℃ at the heating rate of 60 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for 17h, carrying out secondary forced air cooling to room temperature, carrying out hardness detection, and taking qualified products as forgings;
(5) rough machining:
taking the forged piece obtained in the step (4), carrying out local polishing treatment on the outer diameter and the end surface of the forged piece, carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection, carrying out cutting processing, and carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection again to obtain a qualified product which is a rough forged piece;
(6) performance heat treatment:
and (5) normalizing the rough forged piece obtained in the step (5), wherein the process comprises the following steps: heating the rough machined forge piece to 260 ℃, raising the temperature to 1020 ℃ at the speed of 120 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 7h, air-cooling to 15 ℃, keeping the temperature for 4h, and putting the rough machined forge piece into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process comprises the following steps: primary tempering: heating to 590 ℃ at the heating rate of 80 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 13h, carrying out forced air cooling once to 15 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 4 h; carrying out secondary tempering: heating to 570 ℃ at the heating rate of 70 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 13h, and carrying out forced air cooling for the second time to 15 ℃ to obtain a heat-treated steel piece;
(7) finish machining:
and (4) sampling the heat-treated steel part obtained in the step (6), detecting the mechanical property, performing finish machining on the steel part qualified in detection, and performing ultrasonic flaw detection to obtain the stainless steel forging.
Comparative example 2
(1) Raw material purchasing: purchasing F6NM stainless steel ingots as raw materials;
(2) and (3) performance detection: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out chemical component reinspection detection on raw materials, taking qualified products as raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise the following element components in percentage by weight: c: 0.015%, Si: 0.43%, Mn: 0.72%, P: 0.22%, S: 0.005%, Ni: 3.82%, Cr: 12.10%, Mo: 0.52%, N: 0.012%, Al: 0.007%, Cu: 0.09%, Co: 0.06 percent and the balance of Fe;
(3) forging:
and (3) carrying out first hot forging on the raw materials which are qualified in the step (2), wherein the first hot forging process comprises the following steps: the initial forging temperature is 1160 ℃, the final forging temperature is 850 ℃, chamfering, octagonal pulling, riser cutting, water gap and octagonal tilting are carried out;
heating in a furnace at the temperature of 1160 ℃, preserving heat for 2.2 hours, and performing second-time forging, wherein the second-time forging process comprises the following steps: forging at the initial forging temperature of 1160 ℃ and the final forging temperature of 850 ℃, upsetting an anise and drawing a flat square;
heating in a furnace at 1150 ℃, preserving heat for 2.2 hours, and performing third hot forging, wherein the second hot forging process comprises the following steps: the initial forging temperature is 1150 ℃, the final forging temperature is 850 ℃, and upsetting, chamfering, punching, rounding and hole expanding are carried out;
heating in a furnace at the temperature of 1120 ℃, preserving heat for 2.2 hours, and performing fourth-time forging, wherein the third-time forging process comprises the following steps: the initial forging temperature is 1120 ℃, the final forging temperature is 850 ℃, and the mandrel is drawn out, the step is drawn out, and the forging stock is prepared after correction forming;
(4) heat treatment after forging:
taking the forging stock obtained in the step (3) for air cooling, cooling to 65 ℃, keeping for 4h, putting into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process comprises the following steps: heating to 680 ℃ at the heating rate of 92 ℃/h, preserving heat for 15h, forcibly cooling to 45 ℃ in air, and keeping for 4h to obtain a forged piece;
(5) rough machining:
taking the forged piece obtained in the step (4), carrying out local polishing treatment on the outer diameter and the end surface of the forged piece, carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection, carrying out cutting processing, and carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection again to obtain a qualified product which is a rough forged piece;
(6) performance heat treatment:
and (5) normalizing the rough forged piece obtained in the step (5), wherein the process comprises the following steps: heating the rough machined forge piece to 260 ℃, raising the temperature to 1020 ℃ at the speed of 120 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 8h, air-cooling to 15 ℃, keeping the temperature for 4h, and putting the rough machined forge piece into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process comprises the following steps: heating to 560 ℃ at a heating rate of 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 15h, and air-cooling to 15 ℃ to obtain a heat-treated steel piece;
(7) finish machining:
and (4) sampling the heat-treated steel part obtained in the step (6), detecting the mechanical property, performing finish machining on the steel part qualified in detection, and performing ultrasonic flaw detection to obtain the stainless steel forging.
Comparative example 3
(1) Raw material purchasing: purchasing F6NM stainless steel ingots as raw materials;
(2) and (3) performance detection: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out chemical component reinspection detection on raw materials, taking qualified products as raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise the following element components in percentage by weight: c: 0.010%, Si: 0.43%, Mn: 0.65%, P: 0.022%, S: 0.01%, Ni: 3.92%, Cr: 12.30%, Mo: 0.52%, N: 0.020%, Al: 0.005%, Cu: 0.05%, Co: 0.07%, the balance being Fe;
(3) forging:
forging the raw materials which are qualified in the step (2), wherein the forging process comprises the following steps: the initial forging temperature is 1150 ℃, the final forging temperature is 850 ℃, upsetting, drawing out, rounding, flattening and correcting are carried out, and a forging stock is prepared;
(4) heat treatment after forging:
taking the forging stock obtained in the step (3) for air cooling, cooling to 65 ℃, keeping for 4h, putting into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process comprises the following steps: primary tempering: heating to 680 ℃ at the heating rate of 92 ℃/h, preserving heat for 15h, carrying out forced air cooling once to 30 ℃, and keeping for 4 h; carrying out secondary tempering, heating to 620 ℃ at the heating rate of 60 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for 17h, carrying out secondary forced air cooling to room temperature, carrying out hardness detection, and taking qualified products as forgings;
(5) rough machining:
taking the forged piece obtained in the step (4), carrying out local polishing treatment on the outer diameter and the end surface of the forged piece, carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection, carrying out cutting processing, and carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection again to obtain a qualified product which is a rough forged piece;
(6) performance heat treatment:
and (5) quenching the rough forged piece obtained in the step (5), wherein the process comprises the following steps: heating the rough machined forge piece to 260 ℃, heating to 1020 ℃ at the speed of 120 ℃/h, preserving heat for 5h, cooling oil to 15 ℃, keeping for 4h, putting into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process comprises the following steps: heating to 580 ℃ at the heating rate of 80 ℃/h, preserving heat for 10h, and air-cooling to 15 ℃ to obtain a heat-treated steel piece;
(7) finish machining:
and (4) sampling the heat-treated steel part obtained in the step (6), detecting the mechanical property, performing finish machining on the steel part qualified in detection, and performing ultrasonic flaw detection to obtain the stainless steel forging.
Comparative example 4
(1) Raw material purchasing: purchasing F6NM stainless steel ingots as raw materials;
(2) and (3) performance detection: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out chemical component reinspection detection on raw materials, taking qualified products as raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise the following element components in percentage by weight: c: 0.012%, Si: 0.4%, Mn: 0.60%, P: 0.024%, S: 0.005%, Ni: 3.80%, Cr: 12.35%, Mo: 0.52%, N: 0.015%, Al: 0.008%, Cu: 0.09%, Co: 0.07%, the balance being Fe;
(3) forging:
and (3) carrying out first hot forging on the raw materials which are qualified in the step (2), wherein the first hot forging process comprises the following steps: upsetting and drawing at the initial forging temperature of 1160 ℃ and the final forging temperature of 850 ℃, wherein the upsetting ratio is 2.5, and the drawing ratio is 2.5;
heating in a furnace at the temperature of 1160 ℃, preserving heat for 2.2 hours, and performing second-time forging, wherein the second-time forging process comprises the following steps: the initial forging temperature is 1160 ℃, and the final forging temperature is 850 ℃, and upsetting, chamfering, punching, rounding and hole expanding are carried out;
heating in a furnace at the temperature of 1160 ℃, preserving heat for 2.2 hours, and carrying out third-time forging, wherein the third-time forging process comprises the following steps: the initial forging temperature is 1160 ℃, the final forging temperature is 850 ℃, and the mandrel is drawn out, the step is drawn out, and the forging stock is prepared after correction forming;
(4) heat treatment after forging:
taking the forging stock obtained in the step (3) for air cooling, cooling to 65 ℃, keeping for 4h, putting into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process comprises the following steps: primary tempering: heating to 680 ℃ at the heating rate of 92 ℃/h, preserving heat for 15h, carrying out forced air cooling once to 30 ℃, and keeping for 4 h; carrying out secondary tempering, heating to 620 ℃ at the heating rate of 60 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for 17h, carrying out secondary forced air cooling to room temperature, carrying out hardness detection, and taking qualified products as forgings;
(5) rough machining: polishing the forged steel piece, carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection, carrying out cutting processing on the qualified ultrasonic flaw detection product by a machine tool, and carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection to obtain a qualified ultrasonic flaw detection product which is a rough forged piece;
(6) finish machining: sampling the forged steel part, and detecting the mechanical property; and further finely processing the forged steel part qualified by detection, and carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection to obtain an ultrasonic flaw detection qualified product, namely the hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for the oil exploitation operation.
Comparative example 5
(1) Raw material purchasing: purchasing 00Cr12 stainless steel as a raw material;
(2) and (3) performance detection: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out chemical component reinspection detection on raw materials, taking qualified products as raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise the following element components in percentage by weight: c: 0.012%, Si: 0.4%, Mn: 0.60%, P: 0.024%, S: 0.005%, Ni: 3.80%, Cr: 12.50%, Mo: 0.52%, N: 0.054%, Al: 0.008%, Cu: 0.09%, Co: 0.07%, the balance being Fe;
the other preparation process was the same as in example 2.
Experiment of
Taking the stainless steel forgings obtained in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-5 to prepare samples, respectively detecting the qualification rate, the hardness, the mechanical property and the corrosion resistance and recording the detection results:
the percent of pass is: calculating the percentage of the qualified forged steel parts in the total number of the forged steel parts, and calculating the qualified rate;
hardness: testing the Rockwell hardness HRC of the sample according to the national standard document GB/T3849.2;
mechanical properties: the test specimens were tested for elongation after fracture A, reduction of area Z, tensile strength Rm, yield strength Rp according to American Standard document ASTM-A3700.2；
And (3) corrosion test: dissolving sodium chloride and sodium acetate in deionized water to prepare a buffer solution with the mass fractions of 5.0 percent of sodium chloride and 0.4 percent of sodium acetate, adjusting the pH to 4.0, keeping the pH not more than 4.6 in an experiment, introducing 7.0mol percent of hydrogen sulfide gas, and balancing the rest part with nitrogen; after the initial saturation of the solution, continuously bubbling with experimental gas, keeping the saturated state of the solution, placing a sample in the solution, wherein the test time is 240h, and calculating by comparing the weight of the sample before and after the test to obtain the uniform corrosion rate.
Figure BDA0003158122510000131
Figure BDA0003158122510000141
Figure BDA0003158122510000142
From the data in the table above, it is clear that the following conclusions can be drawn:
the stainless steel forgings obtained in the examples 1 to 3 and the stainless steel forgings obtained in the comparative examples 1 to 5 are compared, and the detection result shows that:
1. compared with the comparative example 5, the raw material used in the comparative example 5 is 00Cr12 stainless steel with 0.054% of N content, the yield is far lower than that of the examples 1-3, and the yield strength and Rockwell hardness are obviously contradictory under the same preparation process, because the silicon content in the comparative example 5 is higher, the graphitization of carbide is accelerated in heat treatment, so that the yield strength of the forged steel piece is too high and the rigidity is too high, and the plasticity of the forged piece is reduced due to the too high rigidity and yield strength, and the processability of the forged piece is reduced and deteriorated in practical application; this fully demonstrates that the composition and proportions of the forgings produced in this application can improve their processability, resistance to vulcanization.
2. Compared with the embodiment 2, the forging and performance heat treatment processes in the comparative example 1 are different, the forging and performance heat treatment processes in the comparative example 2 are different, the forging and performance heat treatment processes in the comparative example 3 are different, the performance heat treatment is not performed in the comparative example 4, the content of the residual austenite in the manufactured stainless steel forging is relatively high, the toughness and the plasticity are not good, the stable state of the ferrite and granular carbonized mixture in the microstructure is relatively less, and the corrosion resistance is not good; the carbon content in austenite is not uniformly distributed and is metastable, so that the machinability of the forging is reduced, the brittleness is improved, and the product percent of pass is greatly reduced, which fully explains that the preparation process and the process parameters of the forging prepared in the application can improve the machinability and the anti-vulcanization performance of the product.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process method article or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process method article or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for oil exploitation operation and a preparation method thereof are characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material purchasing: taking an F6NM stainless steel ingot as a raw material;
(2) and (3) performance detection: carrying out chemical component retest detection on the raw materials, and taking qualified products as raw materials;
(3) forging: forging the raw materials for multiple times to obtain a forged blank;
(4) heat treatment after forging: cooling and tempering the forging stock to obtain a forging piece;
(5) rough machining: cutting the forging to obtain a rough forged piece;
(6) performance heat treatment: carrying out solid solution, cooling and tempering treatment on the rough machined forging to obtain a heat-treated steel piece;
(7) finish machining: and performing finish machining on the steel piece after the heat treatment to obtain the stainless steel forging.
2. The method for preparing the hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for the oil exploitation operation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material purchasing: purchasing F6NM stainless steel ingots as raw materials;
(2) and (3) performance detection: carrying out chemical component retest detection on the raw materials, and taking qualified products as raw materials;
(3) forging:
and (3) carrying out first hot forging on the raw materials which are qualified in the step (2), wherein the first hot forging process comprises the following steps: upsetting and drawing at the initial forging temperature of 1140-1180 ℃ and the final forging temperature of 800-900 ℃;
heating the mixture in a furnace at the temperature of 1140-1180 ℃, preserving heat for 2-2.5 hours, and performing second hot forging, wherein the second hot forging process comprises the following steps: carrying out upsetting, chamfering, punching, rounding and hole expanding at the initial forging temperature of 1140-1180 ℃ and the final forging temperature of 800-900 ℃;
heating the mixture in a furnace at the temperature of 1140-1180 ℃, preserving heat for 2-2.5 hours, and performing third-time forging, wherein the third-time forging process comprises the following steps: the initial forging temperature is 1140-1180 ℃, the final forging temperature is 800-900 ℃, and the mandrel is drawn out, the step is drawn out, and the forging stock is obtained after correction forming;
(4) heat treatment after forging:
and (4) air-cooling the forging stock obtained in the step (3), and putting the forging stock into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process comprises the following steps: primary tempering: heating to 670-690 ℃, and carrying out forced air cooling for the first time; carrying out secondary tempering, heating to 610-630 ℃, carrying out secondary forced air cooling, carrying out hardness detection, and taking qualified products as forgings;
(5) rough machining:
taking the forged piece obtained in the step (4), carrying out local polishing treatment on the outer diameter and the end surface of the forged piece, carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection, carrying out cutting processing, and carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection again to obtain a qualified product which is a rough forged piece;
(6) performance heat treatment:
normalizing the rough forged piece obtained in the step (5), cooling the rough forged piece to 5-25 ℃, putting the rough forged piece into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process comprises the following steps: primary tempering: heating to 675-685 ℃, and carrying out forced air cooling once; carrying out secondary tempering: heating to 605-620 ℃, and performing forced air cooling for the second time to obtain a heat-treated steel part;
(7) finish machining:
and (4) sampling the heat-treated steel part obtained in the step (6), detecting the mechanical property, performing finish machining on the steel part qualified in detection, and performing ultrasonic flaw detection to obtain the stainless steel forging.
3. The method for preparing the hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for the oil exploitation operation according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material purchasing: purchasing F6NM stainless steel ingots as raw materials;
(2) and (3) performance detection: carrying out chemical component retest detection on the raw materials, and taking qualified products as raw materials;
(3) forging:
and (3) carrying out first hot forging on the raw materials which are qualified in the step (2), wherein the first hot forging process comprises the following steps: upsetting and drawing at the initial forging temperature of 1140-1180 ℃ and the final forging temperature of 800-900 ℃, wherein the upsetting ratio is 2-3, and the drawing ratio is 2-3;
heating the mixture in a furnace at the temperature of 1140-1180 ℃, preserving heat for 2-2.5 hours, and performing second hot forging, wherein the second hot forging process comprises the following steps: carrying out upsetting, chamfering, punching, rounding and hole expanding at the initial forging temperature of 1140-1180 ℃ and the final forging temperature of 800-900 ℃;
heating the mixture in a furnace at the temperature of 1140-1180 ℃, preserving heat for 2-2.5 hours, and performing third-time forging, wherein the third-time forging process comprises the following steps: the initial forging temperature is 1140-1180 ℃, the final forging temperature is 800-900 ℃, and the mandrel is drawn out, the step is drawn out, and the forging stock is obtained after correction forming;
(4) heat treatment after forging:
taking the forging stock obtained in the step (3) for air cooling, cooling to 50-80 ℃, keeping for 3-5 h, putting into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process is as follows: primary tempering: heating to 670-690 ℃, preserving heat for 14-16 h, carrying out forced air cooling once to 10-60 ℃, and keeping for 3-5 h; performing secondary tempering, heating to 610-630 ℃, keeping the temperature for 16-18 h, performing secondary forced air cooling to room temperature, performing hardness detection, and taking qualified products as forgings;
(5) rough machining:
taking the forged piece obtained in the step (4), carrying out local polishing treatment on the outer diameter and the end surface of the forged piece, carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection, carrying out cutting processing, and carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection again to obtain a qualified product which is a rough forged piece;
(6) performance heat treatment:
normalizing the rough forged piece obtained in the step (5), cooling to 5-25 ℃, keeping for 3-5 h, and putting into a heat treatment furnace for tempering, wherein the tempering process comprises the following steps: primary tempering: heating to 675-685 ℃, preserving heat for 14-16 h, carrying out forced air cooling once to 5-25 ℃, and keeping for 3-5 h; carrying out secondary tempering: heating to 605-620 ℃, preserving heat for 14-16 h, and performing forced air cooling for the second time to room temperature to obtain a heat-treated steel piece;
(7) finish machining:
and (4) sampling the heat-treated steel part obtained in the step (6), detecting the mechanical property, performing finish machining on the steel part qualified in detection, and performing ultrasonic flaw detection to obtain the stainless steel forging.
4. The method for preparing the hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for the oil exploitation operation according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the raw materials in the step (2) comprise the following element components in percentage by weight: c: 0-0.03%, Si: 0.3-0.6%, Mn: 0.5-0.8%, P: 0-0.03%, S: 0-0.015%, Ni: 3.7-4.5%, Cr: 12-13%, Mo: 0.5-0.6%, N: 0-0.02%, Al: 0-0.01%, Cu: 0 to 0.1% and the balance Fe.
5. The method for preparing the hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for the oil exploitation operation according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the temperature rise rate of the primary tempering in the step (4) is 85-100 ℃/h, and the temperature rise rate of the secondary tempering is 50-70 ℃/h.
6. The method for preparing the hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for the oil exploitation operation according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (4) the hardness of the forged piece in the step (4) is 16-23 HRC.
7. The method for preparing the hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for the oil exploitation operation according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the normalizing treatment process in the step (6) comprises the following steps: heating the rough machined forge piece to 240-300 ℃, then heating to 950-1050 ℃ at the speed of 120-200 ℃/h, and keeping the temperature for 7.5-8.5 h, wherein the heating rate of the primary tempering in the step (6) is 80-200 ℃/h, and the heating rate of the secondary tempering is 70-200 ℃/h.
8. The method for manufacturing the hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for the oil exploitation operation according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (5) the surface roughness of the rough machined forge piece after cutting machining is Ra6.3.
9. The method for manufacturing the hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for the oil exploitation operation according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the stainless steel forging in the step (7) comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c: 0-0.03%, Si: 0.3-0.6%, Mn: 0.5-0.8%, P: 0-0.03%, S: 0-0.015%, Ni: 3.7-4.5%, Cr: 12-13%, Mo: 0.5-0.6%, N: 0-0.02%, Al: 0-0.01%, Cu: 0 to 0.1% and the balance Fe.
10. A hydrogen sulfide resistant stainless steel forging for oil extraction operations made by the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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