CN113522013A - Flue gas denitration ammonia spraying mixing system and static mixer thereof - Google Patents

Flue gas denitration ammonia spraying mixing system and static mixer thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113522013A
CN113522013A CN202010294195.0A CN202010294195A CN113522013A CN 113522013 A CN113522013 A CN 113522013A CN 202010294195 A CN202010294195 A CN 202010294195A CN 113522013 A CN113522013 A CN 113522013A
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static mixer
flue
dust
flue gas
ash
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CN113522013B (en
Inventor
刘忠生
李磊
金平
李欣
韩天竹
李睿
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Sinopec Dalian Petrochemical Research Institute Co ltd
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Dalian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/8628—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/346—Controlling the process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/76—Gas phase processes, e.g. by using aerosols
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a static mixer, which is arranged in a flue, wherein the static mixer is one or more layers, and each layer comprises: the guide assemblies are uniformly distributed in the flue and guide the flue gas to horizontally collide; and the ash collecting component is connected with the inner wall of the flue in a sealing way, an ash collecting groove is formed between the flow guide components by the ash collecting component, dust in the flue gas falls into the ash collecting groove after horizontal collision, and the flue gas flows upwards along the flue. The invention also discloses a flue gas denitration ammonia injection mixing system. According to the invention, the flow direction of the flue gas is changed by arranging the flow guide assemblies, two streams of flue gas of adjacent flow guide assemblies collide with each other to realize flue gas dust removal, and dust particles with larger particle sizes in the flue gas can be effectively removed; the static mixer can also effectively block large dust falling from the upper flue, and prevent the ammonia nozzle from being blocked.

Description

Flue gas denitration ammonia spraying mixing system and static mixer thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas denitration, in particular to a flue gas denitration ammonia spraying mixing system and a static mixer thereof.
Background
At present, the most widely applied method in the flue gas denitration method is a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) denitration technology. The main principle of the SCR denitration technology is that reducing agent ammonia is sprayed into flue gas with the temperature of 280-420 ℃, is uniformly mixed with the flue gas, and NH is generated under the action of a catalyst3Removing NO from flue gasxReducing the nitrogen into non-toxic and pollution-free nitrogen and water, thereby realizing the removal of NO from the mixed gasxThe purpose of (1).
Flue gas denitration efficiency and NH3The escape rate is two core performance indexes of the SCR denitration technology. Researches show that the flow field uniformity of the mixed gas on the cross section in the SCR reactor is a key factor for ensuring the complete SCR denitration reaction, improving the denitration efficiency and the ammonia utilization rate and keeping the low ammonia escape rate. The mixed gas flow field uniformity mainly comprises gas velocity distribution uniformity and reducing agent NH3The uniformity of the concentration distribution.
In the prior art, the mainstream technical means for adjusting the uniformity of the mixed gas flow field at the inlet of the SCR catalyst bed layer depends on an ammonia spraying mixing device (system) arranged in a flue gas pipeline, a guide plate (linear and arc) and a rectifying grating and other devices at the downstream of the ammonia spraying mixing device (system). Wherein, the guide plate and the rectifying grating are mainly used for the uniform distribution of gas velocity and the adjustment of velocity vector direction, and for NH3Limited regulation of concentration profile; the ammonia spraying mixing device (system) is used for gas velocity distribution uniformity and NH3The concentration distribution uniformity has ideal effects in two aspects. Thus, the research and optimization of ammonia injection mixing device (system) becomes the SCR desorption in recent yearsThe research focus of nitre technology.
GB/T34339 and 2017 coal-fired flue gas denitration ammonia injection mixing system divides the ammonia injection mixing system into an Ammonia Injection Grid (AIG) and an ammonia injection static mixer, wherein the AIG is defined as an injection device for injecting ammonia gas into a flue in the form of a grid pipeline and comprises an ammonia injection pipeline, a nozzle, a support and accessories; the definition of the ammonia-spraying static mixer is that a certain fixed part is utilized, and the flowing state of ammonia gas and flue gas is changed to ensure that the ammonia gas and the flue gas are fully mixed, so that higher NH is obtained3/NOxThe efficiency of mixing. Typical ammonia injection static mixers have the structural forms of vortex, rotational flow, longitudinal vortex, V-shaped and the like.
The ammonia spraying mixing system is generally arranged in front of the dust remover, the dust content in the flue gas is high, the nozzle is easily blocked, a large amount of dust enters the SCR catalyst bed layer through the ammonia spraying mixing system, and the pore channel of the catalyst bed layer is easily blocked locally. In recent years, under the influence of factors such as economic acceleration and slowing, environmental protection pressure increase and the like, the utilization hours of coal-fired units, heating furnaces, incinerators, waste heat boilers and the like are continuously reduced, the coal-fired units, the heating furnaces, the incinerators, the waste heat boilers and the like are in low-load operation for a long time, the smoke gas quantity is reduced, the ammonia injection quantity is reduced, and at the moment, nozzles are easy to block.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a flue gas denitration ammonia spraying mixing system and a static mixer thereof, so that dust in flue gas can be effectively removed, and the structure blockage of catalyst bed layer pore channels and the like in the flue gas denitration technology can be relieved.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide an ammonia spraying mixing system for flue gas denitration and a static mixer thereof, so as to improve the mixing uniformity of ammonia gas and flue gas and reduce the escape rate of ammonia.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide an ammonia spraying mixing system for flue gas denitration and a static mixer thereof, so as to prolong the service life of flue gas denitration equipment.
To achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a static mixer provided in a flue, the static mixer being one or more layers, each layer comprising: the guide assemblies are uniformly distributed in the flue and guide the flue gas to horizontally collide; and the ash collecting component is connected with the inner wall of the flue in a sealing way, an ash collecting groove is formed between the flow guide components by the ash collecting component, dust in the flue gas falls into the ash collecting groove after horizontal collision, and the flue gas flows upwards along the flue.
Further, in the above technical solution, each layer of static mixer further includes: and the ash discharge pipeline is used for discharging the dust in the ash collection groove out of the flue.
Further, in the above technical solution, each of the flow guide assemblies includes: an intake passage extending in an axial direction of the flue; and an air outlet channel extending obliquely downward from the top end periphery of the air inlet channel.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the air inlet channel is composed of a straight pipe and a top plate; the air outlet channel is formed by enclosing an upper wing plate and a lower wing plate, the upper wing plate is connected with the top plate, and the lower wing plate is connected with the top end of the straight pipe.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the top plate and the upper wing plate form a frustum shape, a pyramid shape, a truncated cone shape or a cone shape; the top plate and the upper wing plate are of an integrally formed structure.
Furthermore, among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the notch department in dust collection groove is equipped with the deep bead, and the deep bead inclines to the bottom in dust collection groove.
Furthermore, in the above technical scheme, the dust collecting groove is a V-shaped groove or an arc-shaped groove.
Further, among the above-mentioned technical scheme, be equipped with a plurality of row's ash holes on the collection ash subassembly, row's ash hole sets up in the bottom of collection ash groove, and row's ash hole is linked together with the ash discharge pipeline.
Further, among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the ash discharge pipe includes: the first vertical sections are respectively communicated with the ash discharge holes; and the discharge pipe section is communicated with the lower end of the first vertical section, is arranged in a downward inclined mode, and the tail end of the discharge pipe section extends to the outside of the flue.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the discharge pipe section is provided with an on-off valve.
Further, among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the terminal of discharge tube section is equipped with the apron, and the apron can close or open discharge tube section.
Furthermore, in the technical scheme, the tail end of the discharge pipe section is in a wedge shape, and the cover plate is buckled at the tail end so as to close the discharge pipe section; when the pressure of the dust accumulated in the discharge pipe section on the cover plate exceeds the gravity of the cover plate, the cover plate is lifted so as to open the discharge pipe section and discharge the dust.
Further, in the above technical solution, the first vertical sections in the same row share one discharge pipe section.
Further, among the above-mentioned technical scheme, when static mixer is the multilayer, the end of the discharge tube section that corresponds from top to bottom communicates through the vertical section of second, and the dust is discharged by the vertical section of second.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a flue gas denitration ammonia injection mixing system, which comprises in sequence along the flow direction of flue gas: a plurality of ammonia gas nozzles; and according to the static mixer in any one of the above technical schemes, the plurality of flow guide assemblies are arranged corresponding to the plurality of ammonia nozzles.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has one or more of the following advantages:
1. through setting up the water conservancy diversion subassembly and changing the flue gas flow direction, the flue gas dust removal is realized to two strands of flue gases of adjacent water conservancy diversion subassembly striking mutually, can effectively get rid of the great dust granule of particle diameter in the flue gas, avoids it to get into follow-up SCR denitration reactor and blocks up catalyst bed pore or produce wearing and tearing to catalyst bed to the life of extension catalyst.
2. Due to the fact that large blocks of dust fall off due to impact or disturbance of flowing smoke gas, the falling large blocks of dust can stay on the top plate or fall onto the dust collecting assembly under the blowing of the smoke gas, and therefore the dust is prevented from falling onto the ammonia nozzle through the air inlet channel; the ash collecting component seals the flue, and the dropped bulk dust can be collected by the ash collecting component, so that the bulk dust is prevented from falling to the ammonia nozzle. The static mixer disclosed by the invention realizes a dust separation function, and avoids nonuniform ammonia gas injection caused by nozzle blockage by dust, so that normal injection of the ammonia gas nozzle is realized in the whole operation period of the denitration device, the uniformity of ammonia gas on the cross section of the same flue is further ensured, the whole denitration catalyst bed layer can be effectively utilized, the ammonia escape rate is reduced, the blockage or leakage of equipment such as a rear-end air preheater or an economizer is reduced, and the overhaul period and the service life of the device are prolonged.
3. The wind shield is arranged at the notch of the dust collection groove, so that most of smoke is blocked above the dust collection groove, a large amount of smoke is prevented from entering the dust collection groove to blow dust, even if a small amount of smoke entering the dust collection groove can blow the dust, most of the blown dust can fall into the dust collection groove again under the action of the wind shield, and secondary entrainment of the dust is effectively avoided; the wind shield inclines towards the bottom of the dust collecting groove, so that dust falling on the wind shield can slide into the dust collecting groove; under the unusual operating mode, the flue gas takes place the bias flow, and when flue cross section local temperature was too high, the thermal energy that local high temperature caused can effectively be cushioned to the gap between two deep beads and the V type groove or the arc groove structure in dust collection groove.
4. The mixed flue gas that passes through the water conservancy diversion subassembly collides each other and forces the mixture, effectively strengthens the mixed effect of flue gas and ammonia, improves the homogeneity of mixing, reduces the ammonia escape rate.
5. The flow guide assembly changes the flowing direction of the flue gas, and the flowing distance of the flue gas in the flue is increased, so that the length of the flue required by uniform mixing is shortened.
6. The ash discharge pipeline can be provided with an on-off valve to discharge the dust regularly or irregularly; the dust discharging device can also be provided with an automatically opened and closed cover plate to control the dust discharge, when a certain amount of dust is accumulated in the dust discharging pipeline, the cover plate is pushed to lift up to discharge the dust, and the dust discharging process is unmanned; when the dust amount in the dust discharging pipeline is reduced, the cover plate can be automatically closed under the action of self gravity, and the smoke gas leakage is avoided.
7. Static mixer can set up to the multilayer to the specification size of water conservancy diversion subassembly can be different, can realize the striking of different regional flue gases in the flue and mix, has strengthened the mixing uniformity of ammonia and flue gas, reduces gas velocity distribution deviation and ammonia concentration distribution deviation on the same cross section of flue, improves the denitration rate of flue gas and the utilization ratio of catalyst, effectively reduces ammonia escape.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the technical means implementable in accordance with the contents of the description, and to make the above and other objects, technical features, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, one or more preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a static mixer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the static mixer shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the static mixer shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic bottom view of the static mixer shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a static mixer according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic top view of the static mixer shown in fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic bottom view of the static mixer of fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a flow directing assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a top schematic view of the flow directing assembly shown in fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a static mixer according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the main reference numerals:
100-flue, 120-flow guide assembly, 121-air inlet channel, 1211-straight tube, 1212-top plate, 122-air outlet channel, 1221-upper wing plate, 1222-lower wing plate, 130-ash collecting assembly, 131-V-shaped groove, 132-ash discharging hole, 140-ash discharging pipeline, 141-first vertical section, 142-discharge pipe section and 143-on-off valve;
200-flue, 220-flow guide assembly, 221-air inlet channel, 2211-straight tube, 2212-top plate, 222-air outlet channel, 2221-upper wing plate, 2222-lower wing plate, 230-ash collecting assembly, 231-arc groove, 2311-wind shield, 232-ash discharging hole, 240-ash discharging pipeline, 241-first vertical section, 242-ash discharging pipe section and 243-cover plate;
320-flow guide assembly, 321-air inlet channel, 3211-straight tube, 3212-top plate, 322-air outlet channel, 3221-upper wing plate and 3222-lower wing plate;
400-flue, 444-second vertical section, 445-cover plate.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.
Spatially relative terms, such as "below," "lower," "upper," "above," "upper," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the object in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the items in the figures are turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both an orientation of below and above. The article may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.
In this document, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish two different elements or portions, and are not used to define a particular position or relative relationship. In other words, the terms "first," "second," and the like may also be interchanged with one another in some embodiments.
The flue gas denitration ammonia spraying mixing system sequentially comprises a plurality of ammonia gas nozzles and a static mixer along the flow direction of flue gas. The static mixer has the functions of dust removal and dust isolation, the guide assembly of the static mixer can enable smoke to form horizontal collision, dust in the smoke falls after the collision, and the smoke flows upwards. The ash collecting component can receive dust falling after the flue gas collision, and can also block massive dust falling above the flue, so that the dust is prevented from falling onto the ammonia nozzle to block the ammonia nozzle.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a static mixer according to an embodiment of the present invention is disposed in a flue 100, and includes a plurality of flow guide assemblies 120 uniformly distributed in the flue, and the flow guide assemblies 120 can guide flue gas to horizontally collide. The ash collecting assembly 130 is connected with the inner wall of the flue 100 in a sealing way and forms an ash collecting groove between the guide assemblies 120. For example, the dust collecting groove may be a V-shaped groove 131, and may also be an arc-shaped groove 231 (shown in fig. 5), which is not limited by the present invention. After the two streams of flue gases are horizontally collided, dust in the flue gases falls into the V-shaped groove 131, and the flue gases flow upwards along the flue, so that dust removal of the flue gases is realized, and dust particles with large particle sizes in the flue gases are effectively removed. In the prior art, a large amount of dust enters an SCR catalyst bed layer through an ammonia spraying and mixing system, so that pore channels of the catalyst bed layer are easily blocked locally, particularly, the dust with large particle size is easy to abrade the catalyst bed layer, and the service life of the catalyst is shortened. The static mixer has good dust removal effect on dust particles with larger particle sizes, so that the service life of the catalyst can be effectively prolonged. The static mixer can also realize a dust separation function, and prevent the nonuniform ammonia gas injection caused by the nozzle blockage of dust, so that the normal injection of the ammonia gas nozzle is realized in the whole operation period of the denitration device, the uniformity of the ammonia gas on the cross section of the same flue is further ensured, the whole denitration catalyst bed layer can be effectively utilized, the ammonia escape rate is reduced, and the blockage of equipment such as a rear-end air preheater or an economizer is reduced; in addition, corrosive substances can be generated due to ammonia escape, the ammonia escape rate is reduced, and leakage of structures such as an economizer and the like caused by corrosion can be reduced, so that the overhaul period and the service life of the device are prolonged.
Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, each flow guide assembly 120 includes an inlet channel 121 and an outlet channel 122, the inlet channel 121 extends in an axial direction of the flue 100, and the outlet channel 122 extends obliquely downward from a top end periphery of the inlet channel 121. Illustratively, the intake passage 121 is formed by a straight tube 1211 and a top plate 1212, the top plate 1212 being located above the straight tube 1211 with an outlet of the intake passage 121 therebetween. Illustratively, the cross section of the straight tube 1211 is circular, rectangular, or regular polygonal, and the shape of the top plate 1212 matches the cross-sectional shape of the straight tube 1211 to block dust falling thereon from entering the straight tube 1211. The air outlet passage 122 is formed by enclosing an upper wing plate 1221 and a lower wing plate 1222, the upper wing plate 1221 is connected with the top plate 1212, and the lower wing plate 1222 is connected with the top end of the straight tube 1211. For example, the upper wing plate 1221 may be disposed in parallel correspondence with the lower wing plate 1222. The flue gas flows upward from the bottom end of the straight pipe 1211 into the inlet channel 121, is diverted through the gap between the straight pipe 1211 and the top plate 1212 into the inclined downward outlet channel 122, and then exits the flow guide assembly 120. The flue gas which leaves the flow guide assemblies 120 and flows obliquely downwards collides with the flue gas of the adjacent flow guide assemblies 120, the speeds and the flows of the two streams of flue gas are basically the same, the horizontal forces after the collision are mutually offset, and the dust in the flue gas falls into the V-shaped grooves 131 between the flow guide assemblies 120 under the action of the self gravity. The flue gas flowing through the guide assembly 120 adjacent to the inner wall of the flue 100 may collide with the inner wall of the flue 100, the dust falls on the dust collecting assembly 130, and a V-groove 131 may be formed between the inner wall of the flue 100 and the guide assembly 120 to collect the dust, which is not limited in the present invention.
For example, the top plate 1212 and the upper wing plate 1221 may form a frustum shape (as shown in fig. 3), and the top plate and the upper wing plate may form a pyramid shape (as shown in fig. 9), a truncated cone shape (as shown in fig. 6) or a cone shape, which is not limited thereto; the top plate 1212 and the upper wing plate 1221 may be integrally formed to improve the sealing property therebetween.
Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of dust discharge holes 132 are formed on the dust collection assembly 130, and the dust discharge holes 132 are formed at the bottom of the V-shaped groove 131. The plurality of dust discharge holes 132 may have the same size, may have different sizes, may be uniformly distributed, and may also be distributed according to different areas. The dust discharging hole 132 is communicated with the dust discharging pipe 140, and the dust collected in the V-shaped groove 131 can be discharged out of the flue 100 through the dust discharging pipe 140. Illustratively, each ash discharge hole 132 is respectively communicated with a first vertical section 141 of the ash discharge pipe 140, the lower end of the first vertical section 141 is communicated with a discharge pipe section 142, and the discharge pipe section 142 is arranged in a downward inclined manner, and the tail end of the discharge pipe section 142 extends to the outside of the flue 100. The discharge duct section 142 is provided with an on-off valve 143 to periodically or aperiodically discharge the dust out of the flue 100. The end of the discharge pipe section 142 may be bent downward, and the on-off valve 143 is provided on the bent section, as shown in fig. 2; the discharge pipe section 142 may not be bent, and the on-off valve 143 is provided at the end (lower end) of the discharge pipe section 142. Illustratively, the first vertical segments 141 in the same row may share one discharge pipe segment 142. The specific form of the ash discharge pipe 140 may be designed according to actual needs, and the invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 5 to 7, a static mixer according to an embodiment of the present invention is disposed in a flue 200, and includes a plurality of flow guide assemblies 220 uniformly distributed in the flue, wherein the flow guide assemblies 220 can guide flue gas to horizontally collide. The ash collecting assembly 230 is connected with the inner wall of the flue 200 in a sealing way and forms an ash collecting groove between the flow guide assemblies 220. Illustratively, the dirt collection groove may be an arc-shaped groove 231. After the two streams of flue gases are horizontally collided, dust in the flue gases falls into the arc-shaped groove 231, and the flue gases flow upwards along the flue, so that dust removal of the flue gases is realized, and dust particles with large particle sizes in the flue gases are effectively removed.
Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, each of the guide assemblies 220 includes an inlet passage 221 and an outlet passage 222, the inlet passage 221 extends in an axial direction of the flue 200, and the outlet passage 222 extends obliquely downward from a top end periphery of the inlet passage 221. Illustratively, the intake passage 221 is formed by a straight tube 2211 and a top plate 2212, the top plate 2212 being located above the straight tube 2211, with an outlet of the intake passage 221 therebetween. Illustratively, the cross-section of straight tube 2211 is circular, and the shape of top plate 2212 matches the cross-sectional shape of straight tube 2211 to block dust falling above from entering straight tube 2211. The air outlet passage 222 is formed by enclosing an upper wing plate 2221 and a lower wing plate 2222, the upper wing plate 2221 is connected with the top plate 2212, and the lower wing plate 2222 is connected with the top end of the straight tube 2211. For example, the upper wing plate 2221 may be disposed in parallel correspondence with the lower wing plate 2222. The flue gas flows upward from the bottom end of the straight tube 2211, enters the air inlet channel 221, turns to enter the air outlet channel 222 which is inclined downward through the gap between the straight tube 2211 and the top plate 2212, and then leaves the flow guide assembly 220. The flue gas leaving the flow guide assemblies 220 and flowing obliquely downwards collides with the flue gas of the adjacent flow guide assemblies 220, the speeds and the flows of the two streams of flue gas are basically the same, the horizontal forces after the collision are mutually offset, and the dust in the flue gas falls into the arc-shaped grooves 231 between the flow guide assemblies 220 under the action of the self gravity. The flue gas flowing through the guide assembly 220 adjacent to the inner wall of the flue 100 may collide with the inner wall of the flue 200, the dust falls on the dust collecting assembly 230, and an arc-shaped groove 231 may be provided between the inner wall of the flue 200 and the guide assembly 220 to collect the dust, which is not limited by the present invention. The top plate 2212 and the upper wing plate 2221 may form a circular truncated cone shape; the top plate 2212 and the upper wing plate 2221 may be integrally formed to improve the sealing property therebetween.
Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of dust discharge holes 232 are formed on the dust collection assembly 230, and the dust discharge holes 232 are disposed at the bottom of the arc-shaped groove 231. The plurality of dust discharge holes 232 may have the same size, may also have different sizes, may be uniformly distributed, and may also be distributed according to different areas. The dust discharging hole 232 is communicated with the dust discharging pipe 240, and the dust collected in the arc groove 231 can be discharged out of the flue 200 through the dust discharging pipe 240. Illustratively, a wind guard 2311 is arranged at the notch of the arc-shaped groove 231, and the wind guard 2311 is inclined towards the bottom of the arc-shaped groove 231. The wind shield 2311 blocks most of smoke above the arc-shaped groove 231, so that a large amount of smoke is prevented from entering the arc-shaped groove 231 to blow up dust, and even if a small amount of smoke entering the arc-shaped groove 231 can blow up dust, most of the blown-up dust can fall into the arc-shaped groove 231 again under the action of the wind shield 2311, and secondary entrainment of the dust is effectively avoided; wind deflector 2311 is inclined toward the bottom of arcuate groove 231 so that dust falling on wind deflector 2311 can also slide down into arcuate groove 231.
Illustratively, each ash discharge hole 232 is respectively communicated with a first vertical section 241 of the ash discharge pipe 240, the lower end of the first vertical section 241 is communicated with a discharge pipe section 242, the discharge pipe section 242 is arranged in a downward inclined manner, and the tail end of the discharge pipe section 242 extends to the outside of the flue 200. Illustratively, the end of the discharge duct segment 242 may be provided with a cover plate 243, and the cover plate 243 can close or open the discharge duct segment 242 to periodically or aperiodically discharge the dust out of the flue 200. The end of the discharge pipe section 242 may be wedge-shaped, and a cover plate 243 covers the wedge-shaped surface to close the discharge pipe section 242; when the pressure of the dust accumulated in the discharge pipe section 242 reaches a certain height and on the cover plate 243 exceeds the gravity of the cover plate 243, the cover plate 243 is automatically lifted so as to open the discharge pipe section 242 to discharge the dust, and the dust discharging process is unmanned; when the amount of dust in the discharge pipe section 242 is reduced, the cover plate 243 is automatically closed under the action of self gravity, so that the leakage of smoke is avoided. Illustratively, the end of the discharge pipe segment 242 may be bent downward, with a cover plate 243 disposed at the final outlet, as shown in fig. 5; the discharge pipe section 242 may not be bent, and a cover plate 243 is provided at the end (lower end) of the discharge pipe section 242. Illustratively, the first vertical segments 241 in the same row may share a discharge pipe segment 242. The specific form of the ash discharge pipe 240 may be designed according to practical needs, and the invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the flow guide assembly 320 according to one or more embodiments of the present invention includes an inlet passage 321 and an outlet passage 322, the inlet passage 321 extends vertically upward, and the outlet passage 322 extends obliquely downward from the top end periphery of the inlet passage 321. Illustratively, the air inlet channel 321 is formed by a straight tube 3211 and a top plate 3212, the air outlet channel 322 is enclosed by an upper wing plate 3221 and a lower wing plate 3222, the upper wing plate 3221 is formed by extending the top plate 3212, the lower wing plate 3222 is connected to the top end of the straight tube 3211, and the top plate 3212 and the upper wing plate 3221 may form a pyramid shape.
As shown in connection with FIG. 10, a static mixer according to one or more embodiments of the present invention is two-layered. Illustratively, the first layer employs a static mixer structure as shown in fig. 1, and the second layer employs a static mixer structure as shown in fig. 5, and the exemplary structures can be known in conjunction with the description of the corresponding drawings and will not be described again. The ends of the discharge pipe sections of the two-layer static mixer are communicated through the second vertical section 444, and dust is discharged from the second vertical section 444. Illustratively, the end of the second vertical section 444 may be provided with a cover 445, and the cover 445 can automatically close or open the second vertical section 444 to discharge the dust out of the flue 400. It should be appreciated that the end of second vertical segment 444 may also be provided with an on-off valve (not shown) to periodically or non-periodically discharge dust out of flue 400. It should be understood that the number of the static mixers can be set according to the structure of the flue and the actual requirement, for example, 1 to 5 layers, and the invention is not limited thereto.
According to one or more embodiments of the invention, the flue gas denitration ammonia injection mixing system sequentially comprises, in the flow direction of flue gas: a plurality of ammonia gas nozzles; and according to the static mixer in any one of the above technical schemes, the plurality of flow guide assemblies are arranged corresponding to the plurality of ammonia nozzles.
The present invention will be described in more detail by way of specific examples, which should be construed as being illustrative only and not limiting.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the static mixer of the present embodiment is a single-layer mixer, and includes eight flow guiding assemblies 120, wherein the flow guiding assemblies 120 are composed of a straight tube 1211, a top plate 1212, four upper wing plates 1221, and four lower wing plates 1222. The cross-section of the straight tube 1211 and the top plate 1212 are rectangular, and the upper wing plate 1221 and the lower wing plate 1222 are trapezoidal. The dust collecting groove is a V-shaped groove 131. In the dust discharging pipe 140, three rows of first vertical sections 141 are respectively communicated with three discharging pipe sections 142 to discharge dust. An on-off valve 143 is provided for periodic ash discharge.
Smoke of coal-fired boilerThe gas, using the static mixer of this example, had a particulate (dust) content of 2130mg/Nm in the flow direction of the flue gas before the static mixer3The content of particulate matter (dust) after the static mixer was 988mg/Nm3The dust removal efficiency was 53.6%.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 5 to 7, the static mixer of the present embodiment is a single-layer mixer, and includes eighteen flow guiding assemblies 220, where the flow guiding assemblies 220 are composed of a straight tube 2211, a top plate 2212, an upper wing plate 2221, and a lower wing plate 2222. The cross section of the straight tube 2211 and the top plate 2212 are circular, and the top plate 2212 and the upper wing plate 2221 form a circular truncated cone shape. The dust collecting groove is arc-shaped groove 231, the notch is provided with wind shield 2311, one end of the wind shield 2311 is connected with the straight pipe 2211, the other end of the wind shield is inclined downwards to extend, and a gap is reserved between the wind shields 2311 on two sides of the notch so as to enable dust to fall into the arc-shaped groove 231. In the ash discharge pipeline 240, the four rows of first vertical sections 241 are respectively communicated with four discharge pipe sections 242 to discharge dust, and the discharge pipe sections 242 are provided with cover plates 243 for automatically discharging ash.
The static mixer of this example was used for flue gas from a coal-fired boiler, and the particulate (dust) content before the static mixer was 1968mg/Nm in the flow direction of the flue gas3The content of particulate matter (dust) after the static mixer was 936mg/Nm3The dust removal efficiency was 52.4%.
Example 3
The difference between the static mixer of the present embodiment and embodiment 2 is that, referring to fig. 8 and 9, the flow guiding assembly 320 of the present embodiment is composed of a straight pipe 3211, a top plate 3212, an upper wing plate 3221, and a lower wing plate 3222. The top plate 3212 and the upper wing plate 3221 form a regular quadrangular pyramid shape and are integrally formed. The other settings were the same as in example 2.
The static mixer of this example was used for flue gas from a coal-fired boiler, and the particulate (dust) content in front of the static mixer was 1572mg/Nm in the direction of flow of the flue gas3The content of the particulate matter (dust) after the static mixer was 765mg/Nm3The dust removal efficiency was 51.3%.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 10, the static mixer of the present embodiment is two-layered, wherein the structure of the static mixer of the lower layer is the same as that of embodiment 2; the structure of the static mixer on the upper layer is basically the same as that of the static mixer in the embodiment 1, and only the ash discharge pipeline in the embodiment 1 is changed into a first vertical section with four rows from a first vertical section with three rows, and the ash discharge pipeline is respectively communicated with four discharge pipe sections. The discharge pipes opposite to the upper layer and the lower layer are respectively communicated with four second vertical sections 444 to discharge dust, and the second vertical sections 444 are provided with cover plates 445 for automatically discharging dust.
The double-layer static mixer of the embodiment is adopted for certain coal-fired boiler flue gas, and the content of particulate matters (dust) in front of the static mixer is 2572mg/Nm along the flow direction of the flue gas3The content of particulate matter (dust) after the static mixer was 967mg/Nm3The dust removal efficiency was 62.4%.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above exemplary embodiments shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (15)

1. A static mixer for placement in a flue, the static mixer being in one or more layers, each layer comprising:
a plurality of flow guide assemblies uniformly distributed in the flue, the plurality of flow guide assemblies guiding flue gas to horizontally collide; and
the ash collecting component is connected with the inner wall of the flue in a sealing manner, the ash collecting component is arranged between the flow guide components to form an ash collecting groove, after horizontal collision, dust in the flue gas falls into the ash collecting groove, and the flue gas flows upwards along the flue.
2. The static mixer of claim 1, wherein each layer of the static mixer further comprises:
and the ash discharge pipeline is used for discharging the dust in the ash collection groove out of the flue.
3. The static mixer of claim 2, wherein each of the flow directing assemblies comprises:
an intake passage extending in an axial direction of the flue; and
and the air outlet channel extends downwards from the periphery of the top end of the air inlet channel in an inclined mode.
4. The static mixer of claim 3, wherein said intake passage is comprised of a straight tube and a top plate; the air outlet channel is formed by enclosing an upper wing plate and a lower wing plate, the upper wing plate is connected with the top plate, and the lower wing plate is connected with the top end of the straight pipe.
5. The static mixer of claim 4, wherein the top plate and the upper wing plate form a frustum, pyramid, truncated cone, or cone shape; the top plate and the upper wing plate are of an integrally formed structure.
6. The static mixer of claim 1, wherein a wind deflector is disposed at the notch of the dust collecting groove, and the wind deflector is inclined toward the bottom of the dust collecting groove.
7. The static mixer of claim 1, wherein the ash chute is a V-groove or an arcuate groove.
8. The static mixer of claim 2, wherein the ash collecting assembly is provided with a plurality of ash discharging holes, the ash discharging holes are arranged at the bottom of the ash collecting groove, and the ash discharging holes are communicated with the ash discharging pipeline.
9. The static mixer of claim 8, wherein the ash discharge conduit comprises:
a plurality of first vertical sections which are respectively communicated with the plurality of ash discharge holes;
and the discharge pipe section is communicated with the lower end of the first vertical section, the discharge pipe section is arranged in a downward inclined mode, and the tail end of the discharge pipe section extends to the outside of the flue.
10. The static mixer of claim 9, wherein said discharge pipe section is provided with an on-off valve.
11. The static mixer according to claim 9, wherein the discharge pipe section is provided at its end with a cover plate which can close or open the discharge pipe section.
12. The static mixer of claim 11, wherein the discharge tube segment ends are wedge-shaped, and said cover flap snaps over said ends to close said discharge tube segment; when the pressure of the dust accumulated in the discharge pipe section on the cover plate exceeds the gravity of the cover plate, the cover plate is lifted so as to open the discharge pipe section and discharge the dust.
13. The static mixer of claim 9, wherein said first vertical segments in the same row share one said discharge tube segment.
14. The static mixer of claim 9, wherein when the static mixer is multi-layered, ends of the discharge pipe sections corresponding to each other are communicated through the second vertical section, and dust is discharged from the second vertical section.
15. The utility model provides a flue gas denitration spouts ammonia hybrid system which characterized in that includes in proper order along flue gas flow direction:
a plurality of ammonia gas nozzles; and
the static mixer of any one of claims 1-14, wherein the plurality of flow guide assemblies are disposed in correspondence with the plurality of ammonia gas nozzles.
CN202010294195.0A 2020-04-15 2020-04-15 Flue gas denitration ammonia spraying mixing system and static mixer thereof Active CN113522013B (en)

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CN2181985Y (en) * 1994-01-15 1994-11-09 李雄飞 Efficient sedimentation apparatus for fume
CN201127877Y (en) * 2007-11-15 2008-10-08 王晓东 Dry-wet desulfurization dust-removing equipment
CN203108436U (en) * 2013-03-11 2013-08-07 中国大唐集团环境技术有限公司 Flue gas treatment device in power plant
CN103768930A (en) * 2012-10-24 2014-05-07 中国石油化工股份有限公司 FCC regenerated flue gas dustproof denitration reactor
CN103776042A (en) * 2012-10-24 2014-05-07 中国石油化工股份有限公司 CO boiler having dustproof function and denitration function
JP2015150466A (en) * 2014-02-10 2015-08-24 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 Wet flue-gas desulfurization apparatus
CN205700149U (en) * 2016-03-18 2016-11-23 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 A kind of device of the low the escaping of ammonia of NO_x Reduction by Effective
CN107081055A (en) * 2017-04-17 2017-08-22 山东大学 A kind of eddy flow combined type SCR static mixers
CN110917760A (en) * 2019-12-09 2020-03-27 杨志 Oil smoke filter plate

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2181985Y (en) * 1994-01-15 1994-11-09 李雄飞 Efficient sedimentation apparatus for fume
CN201127877Y (en) * 2007-11-15 2008-10-08 王晓东 Dry-wet desulfurization dust-removing equipment
CN103768930A (en) * 2012-10-24 2014-05-07 中国石油化工股份有限公司 FCC regenerated flue gas dustproof denitration reactor
CN103776042A (en) * 2012-10-24 2014-05-07 中国石油化工股份有限公司 CO boiler having dustproof function and denitration function
CN203108436U (en) * 2013-03-11 2013-08-07 中国大唐集团环境技术有限公司 Flue gas treatment device in power plant
JP2015150466A (en) * 2014-02-10 2015-08-24 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 Wet flue-gas desulfurization apparatus
CN205700149U (en) * 2016-03-18 2016-11-23 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 A kind of device of the low the escaping of ammonia of NO_x Reduction by Effective
CN107081055A (en) * 2017-04-17 2017-08-22 山东大学 A kind of eddy flow combined type SCR static mixers
CN110917760A (en) * 2019-12-09 2020-03-27 杨志 Oil smoke filter plate

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Patentee before: DALIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICALS, SINOPEC Corp.