CN113517828A - Double-system oil rig electric drive system - Google Patents
Double-system oil rig electric drive system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113517828A CN113517828A CN202110619174.6A CN202110619174A CN113517828A CN 113517828 A CN113517828 A CN 113517828A CN 202110619174 A CN202110619174 A CN 202110619174A CN 113517828 A CN113517828 A CN 113517828A
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- alternating current
- drive system
- direct current
- electric drive
- units
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- 239000010729 system oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
- E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
- E21B3/022—Top drives
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
- E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
- E21B3/04—Rotary tables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/02—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks using a single network for simultaneous distribution of power at different frequencies; using a single network for simultaneous distribution of ac power and of dc power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P3/00—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P3/06—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter
- H02P3/18—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing an ac motor
- H02P3/22—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing an ac motor by short-circuit or resistive braking
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P5/00—Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors
- H02P5/60—Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors controlling combinations of dc and ac dynamo-electric motors
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-standard type petroleum drilling machine electric drive system, which comprises a three-phase alternating current bus, a direct current drive system and an alternating current drive system; the output end of the three-wire alternating current bus is respectively connected with the direct current driving system and the alternating current driving system. The direct current driving system comprises a plurality of direct current speed regulating units; the alternating current driving system comprises a plurality of rectifying units, a plurality of alternating current frequency conversion units and a plurality of dynamic braking units. The invention provides a double-system oil-well rig electric drive system, which combines the respective advantages of a direct current drive system and an alternating current drive system; the problems of low power factor, narrow speed regulation range and the like of a direct current drive system are solved, and the condition of high cost of the alternating current drive system is comprehensively considered, so that the technical economy of the drilling machine is optimal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric drive of oil rigs, in particular to a double-system electric drive system of an oil rig.
Background
At present, an electric drilling machine (hereinafter referred to as a drilling machine) is mainly used for developing petroleum and natural gas, an electric driving system of the drilling machine is mainly divided into a direct current driving system and an alternating current driving system, and the two driving systems have defects:
1. compared with an alternating current driving system, the direct current driving system has the following defects and shortcomings:
(1) the direct current driving system cannot realize the auxiliary braking function, and an auxiliary braking device, such as an electromagnetic brake, needs to be configured. The alternating current driving system has an energy consumption braking function, can realize auxiliary braking, and is safer and more reliable; the winch structure is further simplified because an electromagnetic brake or a pneumatic brake is not required to be installed.
(2) The direct current driving system cannot realize automatic bit feeding of the main motor; the alternating current driving system can realize the automatic bit feeding function of the main motor, and the operation experience is better.
(3) Under the influence of narrow rotating speed adjusting range of the direct current motor, the direct current driving winch is matched with the lifting speed required by the drilling process in a three-shaft four-gear mode, and the winch is more complex in structure. The alternating-current variable-frequency driving winch is simple in structure, stepless speed regulation in any range is carried out through a single-shaft winch (or double shafts) under the wider alternating-current variable-frequency motor speed regulation dimension, and the gear rotating box is driven.
(4) The power factor of the direct current driving system is low, and particularly the power factor is extremely low when the direct current driving system runs at low speed, and the energy consumption is high; under the working condition of drilling, the slurry pump and the rotary table continuously operate, and the power factor is generally 0.5-0.8; under the working condition of tripping, the winch runs intermittently, the running time at low speed is more, and the power factor is generally 0.3-0.4 at the moment. And the alternating current drive system has higher power factor and low energy consumption.
(5) The drilling machine matched with the direct current drive system simulates the idea of the original mechanical drilling machine, and the systems such as a winch or a turntable and the like adopt a large amount of pneumatic control, can only adopt an operation console for combined operation, cannot realize a hovering function, and has low automation degree; especially for an analog direct current driving system, the parameter monitoring is less, and the automation degree of the system is lower; compared with a mechanical drilling machine, the speed regulation performance of the system is mainly improved. The drilling machine matched with the alternating current driving system can be controlled by an integrated driller chair, an intelligent drilling instrument system is integrated, in addition, the functions of automatic drilling feeding and hovering of a main motor are added, multi-parameter acquisition and monitoring are realized, and the system automation degree is high.
2. Compared with a direct current driving system, the alternating current driving system has the following defects:
the cost of the alternating current driving system is more than 3 times higher than that of the direct current driving system. With the continuous maturity of the domestic thyristor, the cost of a direct current driving system is greatly reduced, and the price of a frequency converter of the international brand is still kept high, so that the cost difference between the direct current driving system and the frequency converter of the international brand is larger and larger; if the alternating current drive system is matched with a frequency converter of an international known brand, the cost of the alternating current drive system is even about 5 times that of the direct current drive system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a double-system oil rig electric driving system. The invention adopts a double-system electric drive system, combines the respective advantages of a direct current drive system and an alternating current drive system, solves the problems of low power factor, narrow speed regulation range, low automation degree, incapability of realizing auxiliary braking and automatic bit feeding and the like of the direct current drive system, and comprehensively considers the condition of high cost of the alternating current drive system to ensure that the technical economy of the drilling machine is optimal.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a double-standard petroleum drilling machine electric drive system comprises a three-phase alternating current bus, a direct current drive system and an alternating current drive system; the output end of the three-wire alternating current bus is respectively connected with the direct current driving system and the alternating current driving system; the alternating current power supply voltage output by the three-phase alternating current bus is 525VAC-690VAC, and the frequency is 50Hz or 60 Hz.
The direct current drive system comprises a plurality of direct current speed regulating units, and the output of each direct current speed regulating unit is connected with a slurry pump direct current motor; the direct current speed regulating unit is a thyristor, rectifies 525VAC-690VAC three-phase alternating current into an adjustable direct current power supply, and drives the corresponding direct current motors respectively.
The alternating current driving system comprises a plurality of rectifying units, a plurality of alternating current frequency conversion units, a plurality of energy consumption braking units and a direct current bus, wherein the input of the rectifying units is connected with the three-phase alternating current bus, the output of the rectifying units is connected with the direct current bus, the output of the direct current bus is respectively connected with the alternating current frequency conversion units and the energy consumption braking units, the energy consumption braking units are connected with braking resistors, and the alternating current frequency conversion units are connected with an alternating current frequency conversion motor.
The electric drive system of the dual-system petroleum drilling machine further comprises a plurality of alternating current contactors, wherein the input of each alternating current contactor is connected with the alternating current frequency conversion unit, and the output of each alternating current contactor is connected with the alternating current frequency conversion motor; the alternating current variable frequency motor comprises an alternating current variable frequency motor used for driving the winch, the rotary table and the top driving device.
In the invention, the alternating current driving system is generally provided with 1-3 sets of rectifying units according to the rated capacity of the rectifying units and the load requirement of a drilling machine, and in most cases, 2 sets of rectifying units can be provided; in addition, each alternating current variable frequency motor can be provided with a set of corresponding alternating current variable frequency units or switched by an alternating current contactor, so that the configuration number of the alternating current variable frequency units is reduced; the dynamic braking unit can be configured with 1-2 sets according to the rated capacity of the equipment.
In the direct current drive system, each slurry pump is provided with a set of corresponding thyristor direct current speed regulation unit.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with the traditional direct current drive system, the dual-system electric drive system of the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the winch is used as potential energy load and has higher requirement on speed regulation control performance. In a traditional direct current driving system, the winch operation needs manual judgment, and is combined with an auxiliary brake device for combined operation, so that the safety is low; the intermittent operation mechanism is adopted when the winch is in a drilling-out working condition, so that the reactive load rate is high; the speed regulating range of the motor of the direct current winch is narrow, and a complicated speed changing system needs to be added by a mechanical transmission device. Therefore, compared with a direct current driving system, the winch adopts the alternating current driving system, the technology is better, the control performance is better, and the safety and the reliability are better.
(2) The top drive/turntable is used as a rigid rotary load and is influenced by different underground geology, especially under complex drilling working conditions such as a directional well and an inclined well, underground reactive torque brings huge risks to drilling operation, so that compared with a direct current drive system, the top drive/turntable is provided with an alternating current drive system, the top drive/turntable has the excellent characteristic of outputting large torque at zero rotating speed, and the safety of the drilling operation can be guaranteed.
(3) The winch, the rotary table and the top drive are arranged on the drilling platform surface, belong to an explosion-proof area, and compared with a direct current motor, an alternating current motor does not have a carbon brush commutator, so that the maintenance cost is low; in addition, the direct current motor needs to adopt positive pressure ventilation explosion prevention, the explosion prevention of the motor is difficult to realize, and the explosion prevention of the alternating current motor is easy to realize.
(4) The operation of the winch, the top drive and the turntable is complex, and the energy consumption braking function is realized by adopting alternating current variable frequency transmission; in addition, the winch adopts an alternating current driving system, the main motor can realize a hovering function, the winch has an automatic bit feeding function, and is easy for well team personnel to use, and the automation degree is high.
2. Compared with the traditional alternating current driving system, the dual-system electric driving system of the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the slurry pump is used as a pump load, the power requirement is high, and if an alternating current drive system is adopted, the cost is high, so that the slurry pump is provided with the direct current drive system, and has high economical efficiency due to the adoption of direct current speed regulation control.
(2) The operation of the mud pump is simpler, and compared with the mud pump adopting an alternating current driving system, the operation experience is quite good, and the difference is small.
(3) The top drive control system is integrated in the electric drive system of the drilling machine, so that an independent top drive frequency conversion room is eliminated, and the total cost of the electric control system is greatly reduced. In addition, if the scheme that the top drive and the turntable frequency converter are switched through the contactor is adopted, the configuration of the alternating current frequency conversion unit is reduced, and the system cost is further reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a dual-system oil rig electric drive system includes a three-phase ac bus, a dc electric drive system, and an ac electric drive system; the output end of the three-wire alternating current bus is respectively connected with the direct current driving system and the alternating current driving system; the alternating current power supply voltage output by the three-phase alternating current bus is 525VAC-690VAC, and the frequency is 50Hz or 60 Hz.
The direct current drive system comprises a plurality of direct current speed regulating units, and the output of each direct current speed regulating unit is connected with a slurry pump direct current motor; the direct current speed regulating unit is a thyristor, and the thyristor direct current speed regulating unit rectifies 525VAC-690VAC three-phase alternating current into an adjustable direct current power supply to respectively drive corresponding direct current motors.
The alternating current driving system comprises a plurality of rectifying units, a plurality of alternating current frequency conversion units, a plurality of energy consumption braking units and a direct current bus, wherein the input of the rectifying units is connected with the three-phase alternating current bus, the output of the rectifying units is connected with the direct current bus, the output of the direct current bus is respectively connected with the alternating current frequency conversion units and the energy consumption braking units, the energy consumption braking units are connected with braking resistors, and the alternating current frequency conversion units are connected with an alternating current frequency conversion motor.
The electric drive system of the dual-system petroleum drilling machine further comprises a plurality of alternating current contactors, wherein the input of each alternating current contactor is connected with the alternating current frequency conversion unit, and the output of each alternating current contactor is connected with the alternating current frequency conversion motor; the alternating current variable frequency motor comprises an alternating current variable frequency motor used for driving the winch, the rotary table and the top driving device.
In the alternating current driving system, the rectification unit rectifies 525VAC-690VAC three-phase alternating current into constant direct current to provide a direct current power supply for the inverter device, and the constant direct current power supply is connected to the common direct current bus; the inversion unit converts direct current from the common direct current bus into a variable-speed variable-frequency power supply, and accurately controls the speed of the alternating current variable-frequency motor; the dynamic braking unit and the braking resistor form a dynamic braking device which is used for consuming feedback energy generated by all alternating current frequency conversion units on the direct current bus to complete the dynamic braking function. In order to further realize the optimization of technical economy, the top drive and the turntable can share one set of alternating current frequency conversion unit and are switched by an alternating current contactor; the turntable and the winch B motor can share an alternating current frequency conversion unit, and an alternating current contactor is adopted for switching; to ensure system reliability, the above two switching functions can be configured simultaneously.
In the invention, the alternating current driving system is generally provided with 1-3 sets of rectifying units according to the rated capacity of the rectifying units and the load requirement of a drilling machine, and in most cases, 2 sets of rectifying units can be provided; in addition, each alternating current variable frequency motor can be provided with a set of corresponding alternating current variable frequency units or switched by an alternating current contactor, so that the configuration number of the alternating current variable frequency units is reduced; the dynamic braking unit can be configured with 1-2 sets according to the rated capacity of the equipment.
In the direct current drive system, each slurry pump is provided with a set of corresponding thyristor direct current speed regulation unit.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A double-system oil-well rig electric drive system is characterized by comprising a three-phase alternating current bus, a direct current drive system and an alternating current drive system; the output end of the three-wire alternating current bus is respectively connected with the direct current drive system and the alternating current drive system.
2. The dual system oil rig electric drive system of claim 1, wherein the three phase ac bus outputs an ac power supply voltage of 525VAC to 690VAC and a frequency of 50Hz or 60 Hz.
3. The dual-system oil-well rig electric drive system of claim 1, wherein the dc drive system comprises a plurality of dc speed regulation units, an output end of each dc speed regulation unit being connected to a mud pump dc motor; the direct current speed regulating unit rectifies 525VAC-690VAC three-phase alternating current into an adjustable direct current power supply, and the adjustable direct current power supply drives corresponding direct current motors respectively.
4. The dual system oil-well rig electric drive system of claim 3, wherein the dc speed regulation unit is a thyristor.
5. The dual system oil-well rig electric drive system of claim 1, wherein the ac electric drive system comprises a plurality of rectifier units, a plurality of ac inverter units, a plurality of dynamic braking units, and a dc bus; the input end of the rectifying unit is connected with a three-phase alternating current bus, the output end of the rectifying unit is connected with a common direct current bus, and the output end of the common direct current bus is respectively connected with the energy consumption braking unit and the alternating current frequency conversion unit; the energy consumption braking unit is connected with the braking resistor; and the alternating current frequency conversion unit is connected with the alternating current frequency conversion motor.
6. The dual system oil-well rig electric drive system of claim 5, further comprising a plurality of ac contactors, wherein inputs of the ac contactors are connected to the ac frequency conversion unit and outputs of the ac contactors are connected to the ac frequency conversion motor.
7. The dual system oil rig electric drive system of claim 5 or 6, wherein the ac variable frequency motor comprises an ac variable frequency motor for driving a winch, a turntable, and a top drive.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110619174.6A CN113517828B (en) | 2021-06-03 | 2021-06-03 | Dual-system electric driving system for petroleum drilling machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110619174.6A CN113517828B (en) | 2021-06-03 | 2021-06-03 | Dual-system electric driving system for petroleum drilling machine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113517828A true CN113517828A (en) | 2021-10-19 |
| CN113517828B CN113517828B (en) | 2023-12-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110619174.6A Active CN113517828B (en) | 2021-06-03 | 2021-06-03 | Dual-system electric driving system for petroleum drilling machine |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113992069A (en) * | 2021-10-30 | 2022-01-28 | 福州大学 | Alternating current motor and direct current motor hybrid control system |
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2021
- 2021-06-03 CN CN202110619174.6A patent/CN113517828B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113992069A (en) * | 2021-10-30 | 2022-01-28 | 福州大学 | Alternating current motor and direct current motor hybrid control system |
| CN113992069B (en) * | 2021-10-30 | 2023-07-28 | 福州大学 | Alternating current motor and direct current motor hybrid control system |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN113517828B (en) | 2023-12-15 |
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| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Wang Liang Inventor after: Xian Tao Inventor after: Huang Kunpeng Inventor after: Xie Wei Inventor after: Liu Shunyang Inventor after: Zheng Guangjie Inventor after: Pan Tian Inventor after: Wen Yu Inventor before: Wang Liang Inventor before: Xian Tao Inventor before: Huang Kunpeng Inventor before: Xie Wei Inventor before: Liu Shunyang Inventor before: Zheng Guangjie |